2024-2025学年下学期初中英语八年级第一单元B卷

第51页（共51页）2024-2025学年下学期初中英语人教版八年级第一单元测试卷B卷一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2023•二道区模拟）﹣﹣Look!Acarhitabikeatthestreetcorner．﹣﹣Yes．Shallwereportthetothepolice？（）A．game B．exhibition C．performance D．accident2．（2023春•沭阳县期末）—Don'tsmokeanymore.It'sbadforyourhealth.—I'mtryingto______.It'sreallyhard.（）A．giveitup B．putitoff C．turniton D．takeitout3．（2023春•东港市期中）Ifyoudon't__________，yourdreamwillcometrueoneday.（）A．giveoff B．giveaway C．giveout D．giveup4．（2022秋•雁塔区校级月考）Tony，helptosomefruit.（）A．your B．yourself C．yourselves D．you5．（2022•泸州模拟）—I'llhaveatennisgametomorrow.I'malittlebitnervous.—Believein________.You'rethebestinourclub.（）A．yourself B．himself C．herself D．myself6．（2022春•米东区校级期末）﹣________doesittakeyoutowalktoschool？﹣Aboutfifteenminutes．（）A．Howlong B．Howsoon C．Howoften D．Howmany7．（2022春•金塔县期中）WhenIwalkedpastthepark，IsawsomeoldpeopleChineseTaiji．（）A．do B．doing C．did D．aredoing8．（2022春•沾化区期中）Theboyfoundhimselfinabadsituationwhen__________intheriver.（）A．swimming B．swims C．toswim D．swam9．（2022春•鞍山期中）myopinion，heistheonlypersonwhoisfitforthejob．（）A．To B．On C．At D．In10．（2022春•鞍山期中）MissWangkepton_____inthisschoolfor15years.（）A．towork B．working C．work D．worked二．语法选择（共1小题）11．Weallneedtoexercise.Doctorssayitisgood（1）ourhealth.Childrenwhooftenexercisearesmarter.Thismeanstheydo（2）intestsandschoolworkthanthosewhodon'texercise.Therearemany（3）toexercise.Youcanwalk，run，swim，skate，orplayballgames.Youshouldpayattentiontothefollowingthings.First，（4）differentkindsofsportsuntilyoufindone，twoorevenmoresportsthatarerightforyou.Next，itisimportantforyoutogetenoughexercise，（5）toomuchexerciseisnotgood.It'sbesttoexercisefivetimesaweek.Thirtyminutesofexerciseeachtime（6）enough.Lotsofpeopleliketoexerciseatthegym.Why？Becausethereisalotofsportsequipment（器材）.（7）equipmenttherecanhelpexerciseyourarms，legsandotherpartsofyourbody（8）youstrong.Somepeopleevenbuysportsequipmenttoexerciseathomebecausetheyareusedto（9）inthiswayalthoughtheyareveryexpensive.Exercisingcanbefun.Wecanexercisewith（10）friendsatthegymorplaysportsoutsidetogether.（1）A．atB．forC．withD．of（2）A．thebestB．wellC．betterD．best（3）A．wayB．waysC．way'sD．ways'（4）A．triesB．tryingC．tryD．totry（5）A．soB．andC．becauseD．but（6）A．isB．areC．wasD．were（7）A．AB．AnC．TheD．\（8）A．tomakeB．willmakeC．makingD．ismaking（9）A．exerciseB．exercisingC．exercisedD．exercises（10）A．weB．usC．ourD．ours三．完形填空（共1小题）12．（2024春•昂仁县期中）Healthisimportanttoeveryone.Youshouldtakecareofyourhealth.Manypeople（1）thattheydon'tneedtotakecareoftheirhealthwhentheyareyoung.Dotheyonlyneedtotakecareof（2）healthwhentheyareold？Theansweris"No".Manyyoungpeopledie（3）theyhavehealthproblems.Then，whatshouldyoudotokeephealthy？First，youmusttrytodrinkalotof（4）everyday.Doctorssaythatpeopleshoulddrinkmorethaneightcupsofwateraday.Itcan（5）youawayfromillness.Remembertodo（6）everyday.Doingexercisecankeepyouhealthy.Itcanmakeyou（7）.Itisalsoagoodwaytohelpyou（8）.Eathealthyfood.Thisisoneofthebest（9）foryoutokeephealthy.Youshouldtrytoeatabalanceddiet（平衡饮食）everyday.Sleepingisalsovery（10）Whenyousleep，youcanhaveagoodrest.Gettingagoodsleepeverynightcanreduce（减少）thechancethatyoufallill.（1）A.forgetB.thinkC.avoidD.lose（2）A.ourB.yourC.theirD.his（3）A.ifB.thoughC.becauseD.before（4）A.juiceB.waterC.coffeeD.tea（5）A.keepB.causeC.stopD.take（6）A.washB.houseworkC.homeworkD.exercise（7）A.sadB.famousC.strongD.different（8）A.relaxB.practiceC.rememberD.use（9）A.kindsB.sidesC.resultsD.ways（10）A.popularB.importantC.interestingD.easy四．阅读理解（共2小题）13．（2023•武都区模拟）Johnisatwelve﹣year﹣oldboy．Hehadabadcoldandcougheddayandnight．Hewenttoseeadoctor．Thedoctorgavehimsomecoughmedicine．CoughMedicineShakeitwellbeforeuse．Takeitthreetimeseachdaybeforemeals．Dose（药量）Over14：2teaspoonfuls（勺）8﹣13：1teaspoonful4﹣7：1/2teaspoonfulNotrightforchildrenbelowtheageofthree．Putitinacoldplace．UseitbeforeDecember1st，2015（1）Johnshouldtakeaday．A．2teaspoonfulsB．3teaspoonfulsC．4teaspoonfulsD．6teaspoonful（2）Themedicineshouldbekeptin．A．afridgeB．hotwaterC．anyplaceD．thesun（3）Johnshouldbeforehetakesit．A．shakethemedicinewellB．eatnothingC．dosomeexerciseD．drinkacupoftea（4）Whenpeopleareyearsold，theycannottakethismedicine．A．fiftyB．twoC．twelveD．four（5）JohnshouldwhenitisleftafterDecember1st，2015．A．throwawaythemedicineB．keepthemedicineforanothertimeC．giveawaythemedicineD．continuetotakethemedicine．14．（2023春•东阿县期末）Runningisbecomingpopularthesedays.Manyofusrunforhealth.Doctorssaymanyhealthproblemscomefromthesebadhabits：eatinganddrinkingtoomuch，smokingandnottakingenoughexercise.Doctorstellus，"Eatanddrinkless，don'tsmoke，andexercisemore."Runningisagoodformofexercisebecauseithelpsbuildastrongheart.Italsohelpsmostpeopleloseweight.One68﹣year﹣oldwomanrunsthreetimesaweek."Ilovetoeat，"shesays.Sherunstoloseweight.Runningisgoodforhealthinotherways，too.Manyrunnerssayrunningkeepscoldsandothersmallhealthproblemsaway."Runningismydoctor，"saysoneman.Runningcanalsohelppeopletorelax.Sotodaymenandwomenofallagesenjoyrunning.（1）Manypeopleenjoyrunningbecausetheywantto.A．eatmuchB．keephealthyC．runfastD．wastetime（2）Doctorstellus.A．nottosmokeB．nottoexerciseC．todrinkmuchD．toeatmuch（3）Theunderlinedwordmeans""inChinese.A．疾病B．体重C．速度D．健康（4）Thethirdparagraphshows.A．runninghelpspeopletorelaxB．peoplewholikerunninghavemanyhealthproblemsC．runninghelpsbuildastrongheartD．peoplewholikerunninghavefewerhealthproblems（5）Thewritermainlytellsus.A．howtorunB．howtoloseweightC．runningisagoodwaytokeephealthyD．runningisbetterthandoctors五．短文还原（共1小题）15．（2024春•襄城县期中）Marywasillyesterday.Shewenttoseeadoctor."Doctor，I'mnotfeelingwellatthemoment，"shesaid."（1），Ifeeltired.IfIwalktoschool，Ihavetositdownandrestfortenminutes."（2）.Atlasthesaid，"Nothingserious.ButI'mafraidyouareeatingtoomuch.""Idon'tunderstand，Whatdoyoumean？"askedMary."（3），"saidthedoctor."Oh!YoumeanI'mtoofat.（4），"saidMary."WhatshouldIdoifIdon'twanttobeheavy？""Theansweriseasy，"saidthedoctor."（5），youshouldn'teatalotoffoodandyoualsoshouldtakemoreexercise."A.ImeanyoueattoomuchfoodB.That'saproblemC.ThedoctorlookedoverMarycarefullyD.IfyouwanttobethinnerandhealthierE.EverytimeIdomyhomeworkatnight六．任务型阅读（共1小题）16．（2023春•衡东县校级月考）阅读下面短文，回答问题。Doyouknowhowtoswim？Ifyoudon't，youshouldlearn.It'sbetterforpeopletolearnswimearly.Insummer，it'scooltoswimintheriver，butaccidentshappensometimes.Soyou'dbetterswimandplaywithfriendsandfamily.Whenyouwanttoswim，gotoaplacewithalifeguard.Lifeguardswatchswimmersandhelppeopletostaysafeinthewater.Youshouldn'tgotoaplacefarawayfromeverything.Ifanaccidenthappens，helpcannotgettoyouquickly.Whensomeonefallsandisgoingdownintothewater，first，everyonemuststaycalm.Don'tjumpintothewaterbecauseadrowningpersoncanbescaredanddangerous.Usesomethinglikeatreebranchtoreachouttothepersoninthewater.Ifthepersonisfarawayinthewater，throwthemaropetocatch.Sitdownorliedownbeforeyoureachoutsothatyoucannotbepulledintothewater.Ifyoucannotfindaropeoranytreebranch，callforhelporcall120rightawayandwaitforhelptoarrive.（1）Whatdoesalifeguarddo？（2）Whyshouldn'twegotoaplacefarawayfromeverythingwhenwegoswimming？（3）Whatshouldwedofirstifweseesomeonefallintothewater？（4）Whyshouldn'twejumpintothewatertosaveaperson？（5）Whenwecannotfindaropeoranytreebranchtosavethedrowningperson，whatshouldwedo？七．短文填空（共1小题）17．根据人教版教材SectionB的2b完成短文填空。AronRalstonlikesmountainclimbing.Asamountainclimber，Aronisusedtotaking（1）.Thisisoneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecauseofaccidents.OnApril26，2003，Arongotintoadangerous（2）.Whenhewasclimbingthemountains，hisarmwascaughtunderabigrocksohecouldn'tmove.Hestayedthereforfivedaystowaitforothers'helpbutnoonefoundhim.Sowhenheran（3）ofhiswater，he（4）todosomethingtosavehimself.Hecutoffhalfhisrightarmwithhisknife.Thenhebandagedhimselfandclimbeddowntoaskforhelp.ThoughAronlosthisarm，hestilllikedclimbing.Afterthisexperience，hewrotehisstoriesinhisbookandtoldpeoplethe（5）ofmakinggooddecisionsinadifficultsituation.八．语法填空（共1小题）18．HanHongisafamousChinesesinger.Sheisnotonlyfamousforhermusic，butalsoforher（1）（kind）.Shehadplannedtohold（2）firstconcertofher2020nationaltourinWuhan，HubeiProvince，onFeb.29.Butshehadtocancel（取消）theshowbecause（3）COVID﹣19.WhensheheardthenewsofCOVID﹣19，shewas（4）worriedthatshefeltsheshoulddosomethingforWuhan..Hangaveawayalotofmoney（5）（she）.Shealsocalledonstarstodonatemoney，foodandmedicalsupplies."I（6）（simple）dowhatIshoulddoasaChinese.IhopemyactionwillencouragemoreChinese（7）（help）others，"the48﹣yearoldsingersaidonherSinaWeibo，whichhas（8）（million）offollowers.TheHanHongLoveCharityFoundation（9）（raise）alargeamountofmoneyforpoorfamiliessince2012.Even（10）peopletrusther，shestillprovidesdetailedinformationaboutwherethegoodsandmoneycomefromandgotoonSinaWeibo.九．用所给单词正确形式填空（共5小题）19．（2024春•兰州期末）Annoftengoestoschoolwithout（have）breakfast．20．（2024春•汕头期末）Igottoknowthe（important）ofkeepinghealthy．21．（2024春•市中区期中）Mylittlebrother's（tooth）arewhiteandgood.Hebrushesthemtwiceaday.22．（2024•昂仁县一模）Canyouseesomeboys（play）basketballintheplayground？23．（2024•昂仁县一模）Mygrandpaisusedto（cook）breakfastearlyforus.一十．书面表达（共1小题）24．（2024春•游仙区期末）假如你是张亚，上周六你参加了学校的志愿者活动。其内容包括：张贴海报；分发广告；打扫公园；看望医院的生病儿童；看望敬老院的老人，并帮助他们扫地、整理床铺等。请给你的笔友Bruce写一封电子邮件，向他介绍这次活动的情况，并谈谈你对志愿者工作的看法。备注：（1）海报poster参加takepartin（2）80词左右（3）注意书信格式

2024-2025学年下学期人教版初中英语八年级第一单元测试卷B卷参考答案与试题解析题号12345678910答案ADBAABAB一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2023•二道区模拟）﹣﹣Look!Acarhitabikeatthestreetcorner．﹣﹣Yes．Shallwereportthetothepolice？（）A．game B．exhibition C．performance D．accident【考点】名词词义辨析．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】看!一辆汽车在街角撞上了一辆自行车．﹣﹣是的．我们该把事故报告给警方吗？【解答】答案：D．考查名词词义辨析．句意：看!一辆汽车在街角撞上了一辆自行车．﹣﹣是的．我们该把事故报告给警方吗？game游戏；exhibition展示品；performance性能，演出；accident事故．根据Acarhitabikeatthestreetcorner．可知，空白处所在句是说"我们要把这起事故报告给警察吗？"．故选D．【点评】理解各个选项的含义，根据具体内容作答．2．（2023春•沭阳县期末）—Don'tsmokeanymore.It'sbadforyourhealth.—I'mtryingto______.It'sreallyhard.（）A．giveitup B．putitoff C．turniton D．takeitout【考点】动词短语．【答案】A【分析】﹣别再抽烟了。这对你的健康有害。﹣我想戒掉它。但戒掉吸烟真的很难。【解答】giveitup"戒掉它，放弃它"；putitoff"推迟它"；turniton"打开它"；takeitout"把它拿出来"。根据Don'tsmokeanymore.It'sbadforyourhealth.（别再抽烟了。这对你的健康有害。）可知，我想戒掉它。故选：A。【点评】解答此题，需要结合题干和选项，选出正确的答案。3．（2023春•东港市期中）Ifyoudon't__________，yourdreamwillcometrueoneday.（）A．giveoff B．giveaway C．giveout D．giveup【考点】动词短语．【答案】D【分析】如果你不放弃，你的梦想总有一天会实现。【解答】giveoff"释放"；giveaway"赠送"；giveout"分发"；giveup"放弃"。根据yourdreamwillcometrueoneday（你的梦想总有一天会实现）可知，如果你不放弃。故选：D。【点评】解答此题，需要结合题干和选项，选出正确的答案。4．（2022秋•雁塔区校级月考）Tony，helptosomefruit.（）A．your B．yourself C．yourselves D．you【考点】反身代词．【答案】B【分析】Tony，你随便吃点水果吧。【解答】helponeselftosome...随便吃点..。句型属于祈使句且主语属于第二人称单数，所以本题正确答案是B.故选：B。【点评】解答本题的关键是掌握helponeselftosome...这个短语的用法，再结合句子主语的人称选出正确答案。5．（2022•泸州模拟）—I'llhaveatennisgametomorrow.I'malittlebitnervous.—Believein________.You'rethebestinourclub.（）A．yourself B．himself C．herself D．myself【考点】反身代词．【答案】A【分析】﹣﹣明天我有一场网球赛。我有点紧张。﹣﹣相信你自己。你是我们俱乐部里最好的。【解答】believeinoneself相信自己，根据You'rethebestinourclub.可知意思是"相信你自己"。yourself你自己。故选：A。【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合反身代词及语境准确作答。6．（2022春•米东区校级期末）﹣________doesittakeyoutowalktoschool？﹣Aboutfifteenminutes．（）A．Howlong B．Howsoon C．Howoften D．Howmany【考点】时段．【答案】A【分析】﹣﹣步行去上学花费你多长时间？﹣﹣大约15分钟．【解答】结合答语"Aboutfifteenminutes．"判断对话的句意是"﹣﹣步行去上学花费你多长时间？﹣﹣大约15分钟"，可知问句是对时间段的提问．用Howlong，注意howsoon"多久以后"，howoften"多久一次"，howmany"多少"，都不符合句意，故选A。【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成．7．（2022春•金塔县期中）WhenIwalkedpastthepark，IsawsomeoldpeopleChineseTaiji．（）A．do B．doing C．did D．aredoing【考点】现在分词．【答案】B【分析】当我走过公园的时候，我看到一些老人正在打太极拳．【解答】Ado一般现在时；Bdoing现在分词；Cdid一般过去时；Daredoing一般现在时．when引导的是时间状语从句，根据前文"当我走过公园的时候"，可知，从句表示"我看到一些老人正在打太极拳"，seesb．doingsth．表示"看见某人正在做某事"．所以空格处填现在分词doing．故选：B．【点评】根据关键词和语境判断对应的选项．8．（2022春•沾化区期中）Theboyfoundhimselfinabadsituationwhen__________intheriver.（）A．swimming B．swims C．toswim D．swam【考点】现在分词．【答案】A【分析】男孩在河里游泳时发现自己处境很糟糕。【解答】swimming动名词/现在分词；swims第三人称单数形式；toswim不定式；swam过去式。when后面省略了主语和be动词，这里是过去进行时态，填现在分词swimming。故选：A。【点评】分析句子结构及时态变化，结合语境，选择正确答案。9．（2022春•鞍山期中）myopinion，heistheonlypersonwhoisfitforthejob．（）A．To B．On C．At D．In【考点】其他介词．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】在我看来，他是适合这项工作的唯一人选．【解答】A．to到，朝，向；B．on在……上；C．at在……地点；D．in在……里．根据固定用法inone'sopinion在某人看来，可知，此空应填介词in，在句首，首字母要大写，故填In．故选：D．【点评】熟练掌握介词短语中介词的搭配和使用．10．（2022春•鞍山期中）MissWangkepton_____inthisschoolfor15years.（）A．towork B．working C．work D．worked【考点】动名词．【答案】B【分析】王小姐在这所学校一直工作了15年。【解答】towork不定式；working动名词/现在分词；work工作，动词原形；worked过去式。keepondoingsth一直做某事。填动名词working。故选：B。【点评】掌握固定搭配keepondoingsth."一直做某事"，分析选项，选择合适答案。二．语法选择（共1小题）11．Weallneedtoexercise.Doctorssayitisgood（1）Bourhealth.Childrenwhooftenexercisearesmarter.Thismeanstheydo（2）Cintestsandschoolworkthanthosewhodon'texercise.Therearemany（3）Btoexercise.Youcanwalk，run，swim，skate，orplayballgames.Youshouldpayattentiontothefollowingthings.First，（4）Cdifferentkindsofsportsuntilyoufindone，twoorevenmoresportsthatarerightforyou.Next，itisimportantforyoutogetenoughexercise，（5）Dtoomuchexerciseisnotgood.It'sbesttoexercisefivetimesaweek.Thirtyminutesofexerciseeachtime（6）Aenough.Lotsofpeopleliketoexerciseatthegym.Why？Becausethereisalotofsportsequipment（器材）.（7）Cequipmenttherecanhelpexerciseyourarms，legsandotherpartsofyourbody（8）Ayoustrong.Somepeopleevenbuysportsequipmenttoexerciseathomebecausetheyareusedto（9）Binthiswayalthoughtheyareveryexpensive.Exercisingcanbefun.Wecanexercisewith（10）Cfriendsatthegymorplaysportsoutsidetogether.（1）A．atB．forC．withD．of（2）A．thebestB．wellC．betterD．best（3）A．wayB．waysC．way'sD．ways'（4）A．triesB．tryingC．tryD．totry（5）A．soB．andC．becauseD．but（6）A．isB．areC．wasD．were（7）A．AB．AnC．TheD．\（8）A．tomakeB．willmakeC．makingD．ismaking（9）A．exerciseB．exercisingC．exercisedD．exercises（10）A．weB．usC．ourD．ours【考点】说明文；卫生与健康．【答案】BCBCDACABC【分析】本文主要讲了锻炼的重要性以及锻炼的一些方法。【解答】（1）介词辨析。句意：医生说它对我们的健康有好处。A.在，B.为了，C.和，D.的，结合上文，Weallneedtoexercise.（我们都需要锻炼。）可知对健康有好处，begoodfor对……有好处，固定短语。故选B。（2）副词辨析。句意：这意味着他们在考试和功课上比那些不锻炼的人做得好。A.最好地，B.好地，C.更好地，D.最好地，根据than可知副词用比较级。故选C。（3）名词辨析。句意：有许多锻炼的方法。A.方法，单数名词，B.方法，复数名词，C.方法的，单数名词所有格，D.的方法，复数名词所有格，many修饰可数名词复数。故选B。（4）动词辨析。句意：首先，尝试不同种类的运动，直到你找到一个、两个甚至更多适合你的运动。A.尝试，动词的第三人称单数形式，B.尝试，动名词，C.尝试，动词原形，D.尝试，动词不定式，祈使句用动词原形开头。故选C。（5）连词辨析。句意：其次，对你来说，获得足够的锻炼是很重要的，但过多的锻炼是不好的。A.所以，B.而且，C.因为，D.但是，结合句意，可知表示转折。故选D。（6）动词辨析。句意：每次运动30分钟就够了。A.是，一般现在时，B.是，一般现在时，C.是，一般过去时，D.是，一般过去时，本文用一般现在时，Thirtyminutesofexerciseeachtime为名词短语，作为整体，be动词用is。故选A。（7）冠词辨析。句意：那里的器材可以帮助锻炼你的胳膊、腿和身体的其他部位，使你强壮。A.一个，用于辅音音素前，B.一个，用于元音音素前，C.定冠词，D.零冠词，结合上文，Becausethereisalotofsportsequipment（器材）.（因为有很多运动器材。）可知用定冠词表示特指。故选C。（8）动词辨析。句意：那里的器材可以帮助锻炼你的胳膊、腿和身体的其他部位，使你强壮。A.做，动词不定式，B.做，一般将来时，C.做，动名词，D.做，现在进行时，结合句意，可知用动词不定式表示目的。故选A。（9）动词辨析。句意：有些人甚至买运动器材在家里锻炼，因为他们习惯了这种锻炼方式，尽管这些器材很贵。A.锻炼，动词原形，B.锻炼，动名词，C.锻炼，动词过去式，D.锻炼，动词的第三人称单数形式，beusedtodoing习惯于做某事。故选B。（10）代词辨析。句意：我们可以和我们的朋友在健身房锻炼或一起在外面做运动。A.我们，人称代词主格，B.我们，人称代词宾格，C.我们的，形容词性物主代词，D.我们的，名词性物主代词，friends为名词，前用形容词性物主代词。故选C。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，掌握选项的含义，紧密结合上下文和句意判断空格处词义，选择正确的选项，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。三．完形填空（共1小题）12．（2024春•昂仁县期中）Healthisimportanttoeveryone.Youshouldtakecareofyourhealth.Manypeople（1）Bthattheydon'tneedtotakecareoftheirhealthwhentheyareyoung.Dotheyonlyneedtotakecareof（2）Chealthwhentheyareold？Theansweris"No".Manyyoungpeopledie（3）Ctheyhavehealthproblems.Then，whatshouldyoudotokeephealthy？First，youmusttrytodrinkalotof（4）Beveryday.Doctorssaythatpeopleshoulddrinkmorethaneightcupsofwateraday.Itcan（5）Ayouawayfromillness.Remembertodo（6）Deveryday.Doingexercisecankeepyouhealthy.Itcanmakeyou（7）C.Itisalsoagoodwaytohelpyou（8）A.Eathealthyfood.Thisisoneofthebest（9）Dforyoutokeephealthy.Youshouldtrytoeatabalanceddiet（平衡饮食）everyday.Sleepingisalsovery（10）BWhenyousleep，youcanhaveagoodrest.Gettingagoodsleepeverynightcanreduce（减少）thechancethatyoufallill.（1）A.forgetB.thinkC.avoidD.lose（2）A.ourB.yourC.theirD.his（3）A.ifB.thoughC.becauseD.before（4）A.juiceB.waterC.coffeeD.tea（5）A.keepB.causeC.stopD.take（6）A.washB.houseworkC.homeworkD.exercise（7）A.sadB.famousC.strongD.different（8）A.relaxB.practiceC.rememberD.use（9）A.kindsB.sidesC.resultsD.ways（10）A.popularB.importantC.interestingD.easy【考点】说明文；卫生与健康．【答案】BCCBADCADB【分析】本文主要讲述了健康对每个人都很重要，不仅老年人需要关注健康，年轻人也需要。为了保持健康，需要多喝水、经常锻炼、饮食均衡、保证充足睡眠等。【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：许多人认为他们年轻时不需要照顾自己的健康。A忘记；B认为；C避免；D失去。根据后句Dotheyonlyneedtotakecareof（2）healthwhentheyareold？（他们只有在年老时才需要照顾自己的健康吗？）可知，应是许多人认为他们年轻时不需要照顾自己的健康。故选B。（2）考查代词。句意：他们只有在年老时才需要照顾自己的健康吗？A我们的；B你们的或你的；C他们的；他的。根据空前主语they（他们）可知，空处代词应用their"他们的"。故选C。（3）考查连词。句意：许多年轻人死于健康问题。A如果；B虽然；C因为；D在……之前。后句theyhavehealthproblems.（他们有健康问题。）是前句Manyyoungpeopledie（许多年轻人死亡）的原因，故空处应用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。（4）考查名词。句意：首先，你必须设法每天喝很多水。A果汁；B水；C咖啡；D茶。根据后句Doctorssaythatpeopleshoulddrinkmorethaneightcupsofwateraday.（医生说，人们每天应该喝八杯以上的水。）可知，应是你必须设法每天喝很多水。故选B。（5）考查动词。句意：它可以让你远离疾病。A保持；B引起；C停止；D带走。keepawayfrom"远离"，固定短语。故选A。（6）考查名词。句意：记得每天锻炼。A清洗；B家务；C作业；D锻炼。根据后句Doingexercisecankeepyouhealthy.（锻炼可以保持健康。）可知，应是记得每天锻炼。故选D。（7）考查形容词。句意：它能使你强壮。A伤心的；B著名的；C强壮的；D不同的。根据常识可知，锻炼能使你强壮。故选C。（8）考查动词。句意：这也是帮助你放松的好方法。A放松；B练习；C记住；D使用。根据常识可知，锻炼不仅能使人强壮，而且能使人放松。故选A。（9）考查名词。句意：这是你保持健康的最好方法之一。A种类；B边；C结果；D方法。根据前句Eathealthyfood.（吃健康的食物。）可知，应是保持健康的最好方法之一。故选D。（10）考查形容词。句意：睡眠也很重要。A受欢迎的；B重要的；C有趣的；D容易的。根据下文Whenyousleep，youcanhaveagoodrest.Gettingagoodsleepeverynightcanreduce（减少）thechancethatyoufallill.（当你睡觉的时候，你可以好好休息。每天晚上睡个好觉可以减少生病的几率。）可知，应是睡眠也很重要。故选B。【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。四．阅读理解（共2小题）13．（2023•武都区模拟）Johnisatwelve﹣year﹣oldboy．Hehadabadcoldandcougheddayandnight．Hewenttoseeadoctor．Thedoctorgavehimsomecoughmedicine．CoughMedicineShakeitwellbeforeuse．Takeitthreetimeseachdaybeforemeals．Dose（药量）Over14：2teaspoonfuls（勺）8﹣13：1teaspoonful4﹣7：1/2teaspoonfulNotrightforchildrenbelowtheageofthree．Putitinacoldplace．UseitbeforeDecember1st，2015（1）JohnshouldtakeBaday．A．2teaspoonfulsB．3teaspoonfulsC．4teaspoonfulsD．6teaspoonful（2）ThemedicineshouldbekeptinA．A．afridgeB．hotwaterC．anyplaceD．thesun（3）JohnshouldAbeforehetakesit．A．shakethemedicinewellB．eatnothingC．dosomeexerciseD．drinkacupoftea（4）WhenpeopleareByearsold，theycannottakethismedicine．A．fiftyB．twoC．twelveD．four（5）JohnshouldAwhenitisleftafterDecember1st，2015．A．throwawaythemedicineB．keepthemedicineforanothertimeC．giveawaythemedicineD．continuetotakethemedicine．【考点】应用文．【答案】BAABA【分析】文章主体部分讲述的是一份药物说明书，里边详细讲述了药品的保质期，用量以及服用方式，同时指明要冷藏。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据表格句子"Takeitthreetimeseachdaybeforemeals"（药每天吃三次，）8﹣13：1teaspoonful，（8﹣13岁的人每次一勺，）可知因为他是12岁，由此确定每天的用量是三勺，故选B。（2）推理判断题。根据表格句子"Putitinacoldplace"（药物要放在低温环境下保存，）可知因为是低温，所以应该选择冰箱，故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据表格句子"Shakeitwellbeforeuse"（药物在喝之前应该充分摇匀，）可知约翰在服药前应该把药摇匀。故选A。（4）细节理解题。根据表格句子"Notrightforchildrenbelowtheageofthree"（三岁以下的儿童不适合服用此药，）可知当人们两岁时，他们不能吃这种药。故选B。（5）细节理解题。根据表格句子"UseitbeforeDecember1st，2015"（药物保质期到2015年12月1日，）可知2015年12月1日之后应该禁止服用，要扔掉，故选A。【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。14．（2023春•东阿县期末）Runningisbecomingpopularthesedays.Manyofusrunforhealth.Doctorssaymanyhealthproblemscomefromthesebadhabits：eatinganddrinkingtoomuch，smokingandnottakingenoughexercise.Doctorstellus，"Eatanddrinkless，don'tsmoke，andexercisemore."Runningisagoodformofexercisebecauseithelpsbuildastrongheart.Italsohelpsmostpeopleloseweight.One68﹣year﹣oldwomanrunsthreetimesaweek."Ilovetoeat，"shesays.Sherunstoloseweight.Runningisgoodforhealthinotherways，too.Manyrunnerssayrunningkeepscoldsandothersmallhealthproblemsaway."Runningismydoctor，"saysoneman.Runningcanalsohelppeopletorelax.Sotodaymenandwomenofallagesenjoyrunning.（1）ManypeopleenjoyrunningbecausetheywanttoB.A．eatmuchB．keephealthyC．runfastD．wastetime（2）DoctorstellusA.A．nottosmokeB．nottoexerciseC．todrinkmuchD．toeatmuch（3）Theunderlinedwordmeans"B"inChinese.A．疾病B．体重C．速度D．健康（4）ThethirdparagraphshowsD.A．runninghelpspeopletorelaxB．peoplewholikerunninghavemanyhealthproblemsC．runninghelpsbuildastrongheartD．peoplewholikerunninghavefewerhealthproblems（5）ThewritermainlytellsusC.A．howtorunB．howtoloseweightC．runningisagoodwaytokeephealthyD．runningisbetterthandoctors【考点】环境保护；细节理解；词句猜测．【答案】BABDC【分析】本文讲述了跑步的好处，及其跑步是保持健康的好方法。【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据"Runningisbecomingpopularthesedays.Manyofusrunforhealth.现在跑步越来越流行。我们中的许多人跑步是为了健康。"可知许多人喜欢跑步是因为他们想保持健康。故选B。（2）A.细节理解题。根据"Doctorstellus，"Eatanddrinkless，don'tsmoke，andexercisemore.医生告诉我们，"少吃少喝，不抽烟，多锻炼。"可知医生告诉我们不要吸烟。故选A。（3）B.词义猜测题。根据Runningisagoodwaytoexercise，becauseithelpsbuildastrongheart.Italsohelpsmostpeopleloseweight.Sherunstoloseweight.跑步是一种很好的锻炼方式，因为它有助于强健心脏。它还能帮助大多数人减肥。她跑步减肥。根据上下文可推测下划线的单词在汉语中的意思是"体重"。故选B。（4）D.段落大意题。根据第三段Runningisgoodforourhealthinotherways，too.Manyrunnerssayrunningkeepsawaycoldsandothersmallhealthproblemsaway."Runningismydoctor，"saysoneman.可知跑步在其他方面对我们的健康也有好处。许多跑步者说跑步可以远离感冒和其他小的健康问题。"跑步是我的医生，"一名男子说。第三段讲了喜欢跑步的人会有更少的健康问题。故选D。（5）C.主旨归纳题。阅读文章尤其根据"Runningisbecomingpopularthesedays.Manyofusrunforhealth.现在跑步越来越流行。我们中的许多人跑步是为了健康。"可知本文讲述了跑步的好处。所以作者主要告诉我们跑步是保持健康的好方法。故选C。【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。五．短文还原（共1小题）15．（2024春•襄城县期中）Marywasillyesterday.Shewenttoseeadoctor."Doctor，I'mnotfeelingwellatthemoment，"shesaid."（1）E，Ifeeltired.IfIwalktoschool，Ihavetositdownandrestfortenminutes."（2）C.Atlasthesaid，"Nothingserious.ButI'mafraidyouareeatingtoomuch.""Idon'tunderstand，Whatdoyoumean？"askedMary."（3）A，"saidthedoctor."Oh!YoumeanI'mtoofat.（4）B，"saidMary."WhatshouldIdoifIdon'twanttobeheavy？""Theansweriseasy，"saidthedoctor."（5）D，youshouldn'teatalotoffoodandyoualsoshouldtakemoreexercise."A.ImeanyoueattoomuchfoodB.That'saproblemC.ThedoctorlookedoverMarycarefullyD.IfyouwanttobethinnerandhealthierE.EverytimeIdomyhomeworkatnight【考点】记叙文；卫生与健康．【答案】ECABD【分析】本文讲述了玛丽病了，所以她去看医生。医生建议她，如果想变得更瘦、更健康，应该少吃东西，同时多做运动。【解答】推理判断题。（1）根据Ifeeltired.（我都觉得很累。）可推断出空处应填：每次我晚上做作业。故选E。（2）根据Atlasthesaid，"Nothingserious.ButI'mafraidyouareeatingtoomuch."（最后，他说："没什么大不了的。但恐怕你吃得太多了。"）可推断出空处应填：医生仔细检查了玛丽。故选C。（3）根据"Idon'tunderstand，Whatdoyoumean？"askedMary."（我不明白，你什么意思？"玛丽问。）可推断出空处应填：我是说你吃得太多了。故选A。（4）根据Oh!YoumeanI'mtoofat.（哦!你是说我太胖了。）可推断出空处应填：那是个问题。故选B。（5）根据youshouldn'teatalotoffoodandyoualsoshouldtakemoreexercise.（你不应该吃太多，你也应该多锻炼。"）可推断出空处应填：如果你想变得更瘦更健康。故选D。【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。六．任务型阅读（共1小题）16．（2023春•衡东县校级月考）阅读下面短文，回答问题。Doyouknowhowtoswim？Ifyoudon't，youshouldlearn.It'sbetterforpeopletolearnswimearly.Insummer，it'scooltoswimintheriver，butaccidentshappensometimes.Soyou'dbetterswimandplaywithfriendsandfamily.Whenyouwanttoswim，gotoaplacewithalifeguard.Lifeguardswatchswimmersandhelppeopletostaysafeinthewater.Youshouldn'tgotoaplacefarawayfromeverything.Ifanaccidenthappens，helpcannotgettoyouquickly.Whensomeonefallsandisgoingdownintothewater，first，everyonemuststaycalm.Don'tjumpintothewaterbecauseadrowningpersoncanbescaredanddangerous.Usesomethinglikeatreebranchtoreachouttothepersoninthewater.Ifthepersonisfarawayinthewater，throwthemaropetocatch.Sitdownorliedownbeforeyoureachoutsothatyoucannotbepulledintothewater.Ifyoucannotfindaropeoranytreebranch，callforhelporcall120rightawayandwaitforhelptoarrive.（1）Whatdoesalifeguarddo？Lifeguardswatchswimmersandhelppeopletostaysafeinthewater.（2）Whyshouldn'twegotoaplacefarawayfromeverythingwhenwegoswimming？Ifanaccidenthappens，helpcannotgettousquickly.（3）Whatshouldwedofirstifweseesomeonefallintothewater？Staycalm.（4）Whyshouldn'twejumpintothewatertosaveaperson？Becauseadrowningpersoncanbescaredanddangerous.（5）Whenwecannotfindaropeoranytreebranchtosavethedrowningperson，whatshouldwedo？Weshouldcallforhelporcall120rightawayandwaitforhelptoarrive.【考点】体育；细节理解．【答案】（1）Lifeguardswatchswimmersandhelppeopletostaysafeinthewater.（2）Ifanaccidenthappens，helpcannotgettousquickly.（3）Staycalm.（4）Becauseadrowningpersoncanbescaredanddangerous.（5）Weshouldcallforhelporcall120rightawayandwaitforhelptoarrive.【分析】文章向我们介绍了游泳的一些必备知识。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Lifeguardswatchswimmersandhelppeopletostaysafeinthewater.（救生员照看游泳者，帮助人们在水中保持安全。）可知，救生员照看游泳者，帮助人们在水中保持安全。故填：Lifeguardswatchswimmersandhelppeopletostaysafeinthewater.（2）细节理解题。根据Ifanaccidenthappens，helpcannotgettoyouquickly.（如果发生事故，救援不会很快找到你。