广西南宁市银海三雅学校2025届高三下学期综合模拟训练八英语试卷（含答案无听力原文及音频）

南宁市银海三雅学校2025届高三综合模拟训练八英语科试题满分150分时间120分钟第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howistheweathernow?A.Hot.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.2.WhatisHelengoingtodo?A.Buysomebooks.B.Studyinthelibrary.C.Attendahistoryclass.3.Whydoesthewomanprefersittingbythewindow?A.Sheiscarsick.B.Sheisseriouslyill.C.Shelikestravelling.4.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atthestation.C.Ataclassroom.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acooljob.B.Asmallapartment.C.Asecond-handitem.第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Howmuchdidthemanweighlastmonth?A.About155pounds.B.About160poundsC.About165pounds.7.Whatdoesthewomanlike?A.EggsandteaB.Fruitandmilk.C.Meatandcoffee.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题8.WhatdidJackgetlastyear?A.Thehelicopter.B.Thedisasterrelief.C.Theflightqualification.9.WhatisJackdoingnow?A.Savingtheluckysurvivors.B.Deliveringfoodandwater.C.Repairingtheruinedroads.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdothefiguresproveabouttheitem?A.Itismuchcheaper.B.ItisingreatdemandC.Itiswelldesigned.11.Whatistheman’srequest?A.Seethesample.B.Testtheproduct.C.Getadiscount.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Managerandemployee.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Salespersonandcustomer.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题.13WhomotivatedGeorgetopursueacareerinsport?A.Hisfather.B.Hiscoach.C.Histeacher.14.WhatmakesGeorgefeelalittleregretful?AFaihngtovisitamazingplaces.B.Trainingveryhardeveryday.C.Havinglittletimewithhisfamily.15.WhatisGeorge’sattitudetobeinginterviewed?A.Positive.B.Critical.C.Dismissive.16.WhatisGeorge’splannow?A.Toworkatahospital.B.TobecomeaTVpresenter.C.Tokeepcompeting.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhydidFagincometothespeaker?A.Torentherhouse.B.Tobuyherhouse.C.Todecorateherhouse.18.WhywasthespeakerhesitantaboutFagin’soffer?A.Shedislikedhim.B.Themoneywasnotmuch.C.They’ddamagesomeofherbelongings.19.Howlongdidittaketopreparethebouseforthefilm?A.Fourdays.B.Amonth.C.Twomonths.20.Whatdidthespeakerdowhenthecrewleft?AShewatchedafilm.B.Shevisitedherrelatives.C.Sherepaintedthelivingroom.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANationalParksYouShouldNeverMissSincetheU.S.NationalParkService(NPS)startedkeepingrecordsin1904,itsmountainlandscapes,seasidewildernesses,andhighdesertacreshaveregisteredmorethan16billionvisits.Someofthebest-knownparksexperiencedrecordcrowdsin2024.Thefollowingnationalparksaredecenttravellingandvisitingdestinations,buttheyofferjustaglimpseofthevarietytobefoundinthe429parkunitsoftheNPS.JoshuaTreeNationalParkDrawnbyoutsizedrockformationsanddistinctiveyuccabrevifoliaplants,3,270,404travelersenteredJoshuaTreeNationalPark

in2024.Itoffershiking,rock-climbing,andstar-gazingintheSonoraandMojavedesertseastofLosAngeles,California.GrandTetonNationalParkThepeaksoftheTetonRange,solemnandimposing,towernearly7,000feetovertheWyomingvalleyfloor,makingthemsomeoftheboldestgeologicalstatementsintheRockies.GrandTetonNationalPark’sjewel-likelakes,blueandwhiteglaciers,andnakedgranite(花岗岩)summitsreceived3,417,106visitorsin2024.YosemiteNationalParkNearly4millionvisitorscametothisnationalgeoparkofgranitecliffsandtoweringwaterfallsin2024.MostspenttimeinYosemiteValley,amile-wide,seven-mile-longcanyonthatwascutbyariverandthenwidenedanddeepenedbyglacialaction.YellowstoneNationalParkYellowstoneNationalPark—theworld’sfirstnationalpark—wasvisitedbymorethan4.5millionpeoplein2024.Thevastreserve—covering2.2millionacresinWyoming,Idaho,andMontana—hascraggy(陡峭的)peaks,explosivegeysers,alpinelakes,deepforests,andawealthofwildanimals.Thestarsarebison,bears,sheep,moose,andwolves.Hikewithus:NationalGeographic’sTrailsIllustratedmapshighlightthebestplacesforhiking,camping,boating,paddling,andwildlifeviewing.ClickhereforroutemapsofNationalParks.1.Whichofthefollowingattractsthemosttravelersin2024?A.YosemiteNationalPark. B.YellowstoneNationalPark.C.GrandTetonNationalPark. D.JoshuaTreeNationalPark.2.WhatdoGrandTetonNationalParkandYosemiteNationalParkhaveincommon?A.Bothhavesteepgranitecliffs. B.Bothfeaturejewel-likealpinelakes.C.Bothoffersceneryofmountainsandwaters. D.Botharevisitedbymorethan4milliontravelers.3.Whichwebsitecanyouprobablyfindthispassage?A.www.nationalgeographic.com/travel B.www.nationalgeographic.com/historyC.www.nationalgeographic.com/story D.www.nationalgeographic.com/sportsBGrowingup,Idislikedwriting.ItwasthelastthingIwantedtodoandit’sonereasonwhyIpursuedscienceinthefirstplace.Inhighschool,Ihatedwritingessays.Forhours,Istaredatblankpages,tryingtoturnmyscatteredthoughtsintofluentsentencesandIoftenreceivedpapersmarkedwithnumerouscorrections.IbegantowonderifIwassimplynotcutoutforwriting.AndthatwasOK.Ididn’thavetobegoodateverything.Ifocusedinsteadonmyloveformathandscience.Itookcomfortthere,knowingobjectivetruthcouldbefoundifIsearchedmethodically.Incollege,Istudiedengineeringandjoinedaresearchlabtogainhands-onexperience.Myfirstprojectwastoimprovetheefficiencyofamagneticcomponent.Despiteinitialdisappointingresults,Icontinuedthroughnumerousdesigns.Eventually,wedevelopedadesignthathalvedenergylosses.Iwasdelighted—untilmyprofessortoldmetowritethatresearchpaper.IknewthatifIwantedtobecomearesearcher,Iwouldneedtospendtimepenningpapers.ButIwasscaredoffailing.Inapanic,Iaskedagraduatestudentinmylabforhelp.Wedefinedagoalforthepaper,andIcarefullywroteanoutline.ButwhenIaskedhimforfeedback,Isoonfoundthepapercoveredinredmarks.Heexplainedthatreddidn’tmeanIwasabadwriter.Writingisn’taone-and-donething.Itrequiresrevisingyourwork,oftenseveraltimes.Suddenlyitoccurredtome,“Hadn’tIdonethesamethingwhenIwassearchingforanefficientdesign?”Ipolishedmypaper’soutlineintosentencesandparagraphs,guidedbyfeedback.Thoughmyfirstdraftwasn’tperfect,withhelp,Ienjoyedtheprocessofimprovingit.Writinghassincebecomeoneofmyfavoritepartsofresearch,helpingmeorganizemythoughts.I’veevenstartedwritingpopularsciencearticles,whichInevercouldhaveimaginedduringmyearlystruggleswithessays.4.Whatdidtheauthorinitiallythinkofwriting?A.Apieceofcake. B.Arayofsunshine.C.Anuthardtocrack. D.Adiamondintherough.5.Whatwastheauthor’smainchallengeintheresearchproject?A.Designingthemagneticcomponent.B.Cooperatingwiththeresearchteam.C.Collectingtheexperimentaldata.D.Writingtheresearchpaper.6.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromherwritingandresearch?A.Bothrequiretrialanderror. B.Bothconsumetimeandmoney.C.Bothofferpromotionandreputation. D.Bothinvolveburdenandstress.7.Whathelpedtheauthorimprovewriting?A.Discoveringobjectivestandardsinwriting.B.Followinggoodexamplesofotherstudents.C.Publishingseveralacademicpaperssuccessfully.D.Constantlyworkingonwritingandimproving.CAcanofsoftdrinkandtwolargeeggsmayhaveasimilarnumberofcalories,buttheeggswillprovideuswithprotein,vitaminsandothernutrients,andsatisfyourhunger,whileafizzydrinkprovideslittlemorethancalories.Theimportantconcepthereisnutrientdensity(密度),whichreferstothenumberofnutrientswetakeinforeachcalorieconsumed.Noonewouldsuggestreplacingsweetdrinkswitheggs,butwhatcanwedotoincreasenutrientdensityinourdiet?“Haveyouhadyourfiveaday?”onBritishsupermarketshelvesisaremindertocustomerstoensuretheyareeatingatleastfiveslicesoffruitsandvegetablesperday,promotingahealthydiet.Manycountrieshavelaunchedsimilarcampaignstoencouragepeopletoeatmorehealthily.Fresh,naturalproduceisusuallyverydenseinnutrients.Eatingawiderangeoffruitsandvegetablesisimportant,sosomeadvicefocusesonincludingdifferentcolorsoffoodinourdiets.“Eatingarainbow”couldbeonewaytogetmorenutrients.Otheradvicerecommendsthatweshouldbemoreadventurousinwhatweeat.Cookingfoodthatwehaven’teatenbeforecanleadustouseingredientsthatwedon’tusuallyconsume.Thiscangiveusawiderrangeofnutrients.It’snotjustaboutfruitandvegetables.Evenflavoringssuchasgarlic,gingerorturmericcanhaveantioxidantandanti-inflammatoryproperties,whilealsoleadingpeopletouselesssalt.Dairyproductssuchasmilkandcheese,arehighincalcium,whileinlimitedamounts,meatcanbeagoodsourceofprotein.Ifyou’renotfeelingthatadventurous,thenswappingfooditemscanbebeneficial.Choosingwholegrainbreadorriceinsteadofwhitebreadorricecanincreasefibreintake.Unsaltednutsprovidemorenutrientsthansnackssuchascrisps.Possiblysurprisingly,popcornisawholegrainsnackthatishighinfibre.So,freshfruitandvegetables,swappingtheworstthings,andjustalittlebitmoreadventurecouldbethesecrettoamorenutritiousdiet.8.Whatdoes“Eatingarainbow”suggest?A.Focusingonlow-caloriefoods.B.Avoidingwhiteandblackfoods.C.Addingvariouslycoloredfoodstowhatweeat.DIncludingrainbow-coloredsnacksinourdiets.9.Whatcanhappenifwearemoreadventurousinourfoodchoices?A.Wereducecaloriesinourdiets. B.Weeatmorefruitsandvegetables.C.Weconsumemoreunhealthyfood. D.Wegainaccesstodiversenutrients.10.Whichofthefollowingisthehealthiestswap?A.Swappingwhitericeforwholegrainrice.B.Swappingtwoeggsforacanofsoftdrink.C.Swappingpopcornforwholegrainbread.D.Swappingunsaltednutsforwhitebread.11.Whichofthefollowingservesasthebesttitle?A.EatingabalanceddietisessentialB.NutrientdensityiskeytoahealthydietC.EggsareabetterchoicethansugarydrinksDFruitsandvegetablesarealwaysthebestchoiceDAtechnologywithrootsgoingbacktotheBronzeAgemayofferafastandinexpensiveapproachtohelpingachievetheUnitedNationsclimategoalofnetzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtorecentStanford-ledresearch.Thetechnologyinvolvesfittingheat-absorbingbricksinaninsulated(隔热的)container,wheretheycanstoreheatgeneratedbysolarorwindpowerforlateruseinindustrialprocesses.Theheatcanthenbereleasedwhenneededbypassingairthroughchannelsinthepilesof“firebricks”,thusallowingcement,steel,glass,andpaperfactoriestorunonrenewableenergyevenwhenwindandsunshineareunavailable.Thesesystemsareaformofthermalenergy(热能)storage.Thebricksaremadefromthesamematerialsasthebricksthatlinedprimitivekilns(窑)thousandsofyearsago.Batteriescanstoreelectricityandprovideittogenerateheatondemand.“Thedifferencesbetweenfirebrickstorageandbatterystoragearethatthefirebricksstoreheatratherthanelectricityandthattheircostisone-tenththecostofbatteries,”saidleadstudyauthorMarkZ.Jacobson,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity.“Thematerialsarebasicallyjustthecomponentsofdirt.”Theresearchersadoptedcomputermodelstocomparecosts,landneeds,healthimpacts,andemissionsinvolvedintwoscenariosforanimaginedfuturewhere149countriesin2050areusingrenewablesourcesforallenergypurposes.Inonescenario,firebricksprovide90%ofindustrialprocessheat.Intheother,there’szeroadoptionoffirebricksorotherformsofthermalenergystorage.Theresearchersfoundthescenariowithfirebrickscouldcutcostsby$1.27trillionacrossthe149countries,whilereducingthedemandforelectricalenergyandenergystoragecapacityfrombatteries.Jacobson’sfocusonfirebricksisrelativelynew,inspiredbyadesiretoidentifyeffectivesolutionsthatcouldbeadoptedquickly.“HereIcanseeasubstantialbenefitsatlowcostfrommultipleangles,fromhelpingreduceairpollutiondeathstomakingiteasiertoturntheworldtocleanenergy,”hesaid.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Howfirebrickstoragetechnologyworks. B.Howfirebricksareproducedsustainably.C.Whatthermalenergymeansscientifically. D.Whatthermalenergystorageisusedtodo.13.Whatadvantagesdofirebrickhaveoverbattery?A.Firebrickcanstoreheatandcostless. B.Firebrickcangeneratemoreelectricity.C.Firebrickcanprovideheatmorequickly. D.Firebrickismadeofmoreadvancedmaterials.14.Whyarethecomputermodelsadopted?A.Totestthedurabilityoffirebricks. B.Tocutthecostsoffirebricks.C.Toexploretheeffectivenessoffirebricks. D.Totestenergystoragecapacityoffirebricks.15.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Theusageoffirebrickscanreplacebatteries.B.Embracingrenewableelectricitybecomespossible.C.Innovativesystemsturnheatintoelectricitycheaply.D.Anoldtechnologycanaidtheswitchtocleanenergy.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Loveisapowerfulemotionthatmakestheworldgoround.Itteacheslessons,bringswarmth,andcansometimescausepain.Buthowdoesloveactuallywork?____16____Familylove,forexample,isadeep,long-termconnection.Romanticlove,however,isunique.Itbeginswithintenseemotionsandmaygrowintoalastingbondresemblingfamilylove.Alltypesoflovehaveonethingincommon—theyhaveabigeffectonthebrain.Whenapersonfeelslove,chemicalsintheirbrainlikedopamineandoxytocinincrease.___17___Seeingsomeoneyoulovecancauseincreasedheartrate,leadingtobutterfliesinthestomachandshakyhands.Lovecanevenaffectbasicfunctionslikeappetiteandsleep,makingpeopleinlovesometimesfeellesshungryorsleepy!Whydopeoplefeellove?____18____Lovingfamiliesandcaregiversprovideprotectionandsupport,whichiscrucialforsurvival,especiallyinchildhood.Laterinlife,whenpeoplestarttoloveromanticpartners,thisisdrivenbysimilarneeds.Scientistshavefoundthatlovemayalsohaveseveralhealthbenefits.____19____Spendingtimewithlovedonescanalsoleadtoalongerlifespan.Infact,closefamilyandcommunityrelationshipsareonefactorthatmayhelppeoplelivelonger.Thereareplentyofwaystoexpresslove.Youcandemonstratelovebyshowingappreciationandgivingcompliments.Smallfavors,orgivingagiftcanalsoshowapersonyoucare.____20____Ifyoucareaboutsomeone,tellthemso.Ifyou’renotsurewhattodo,justaskyourself:Whatactionsmakeyoufeelloved?A.Therearedifferenttypesoflove.B.Ofcourse,wordsworkjustfine,too!C.Manyexpertsbelieveit’srootedinsurvival.D.Manypeoplesayloveisalltheyneedinlife.E.Itcanreducestressandlowerbloodpressure.F.Youmayhavereadaboutthesciencebehindlove.G.That’sonereasonwhyloveoftencausesaphysicalresponse.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Asthetemperatureapproachedashighas90°FlastJuly4th,threepoliceofficerswentintoaFoodsMarkettogetsomething___21___todrink.Onceinside,theywereaskedbyasecurityguardtohelpwitha___22___woman.Thewomaninquestionwasobviously___23___,andhercheekswerewetwithtears.Theofficerslookedinsideherbag.Alltheysawwerecontainersof___24___.“I’mhungry,”sheexplained___25___.Caughtred-handed,thewomannodoubtexpectedtobetreatedasa___26___.Butthepolicehadother___27___.“We’llpayforherfood.”Oneofthemtoldthe___28___securityguard.Shewouldnotbe___29___.Dryingherwet_____30_____,thewomanrepeated,“Thankyou,thankyou.”Shewasn’ttheonlyonetouchedbythisactof_____31_____.Customersatthestoreweresoimpressedbywhatthey’d_____32_____thatsomeevenpostedaphotoonTwitter._____33_____,attentionwasneverwhattheofficerssought.Theywere_____34_____byafarmorecommonemotion.Whenwelookatsomeone’sfaceandseethattheyneedyou,it’spretty_____35_____asahumanbeingtowalkawayfromsomethinglikethis.21.A.safe B.sweet C.clean D.cold22.A.wounded B.suspected C.reported D.wronged23.A.scared B.disappointed C.puzzled D.annoyed24.A.clothes B.medicine C.toys D.food25.A.politely B.loudly C.seriously D.helplessly26.A.thief B.beggar C.victim D.customer27.A.facts B.secrets C.ideas D.reasons28.A.rude B.surprised C.patient D.embarrassed29.A.arrested B.employed C.kept D.doubted30.A.bag B.hands C.packet D.cheeks31.A.caution B.sympathy C.justice D.faith32.A.ignored B.expected C.witnessed D.recognized33.A.However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Instead34.A.attracted B.controlled C.required D.driven35.A.typical B.amazing C.difficult D.silly第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nezha,awell-knownfigureinChinesemythology(神话学),isoftendepictedasayoungboywithgreatpowers.Heisone____36____themostpopularcharactersinChinesefolkloreandhasbeenfeaturedinmanymovies,TVshows,andbooks.Nezha’sstoryisnotonlyexciting____37____alsofulloflifelessons.Accordingtothelegend,Nezhawasbornwithauniqueappearance,____38____madehisparentsworried.However,he____39____(quick)provedthathewasnoordinarychild.Hecouldwalkandtalkshortlyafterhisbirth,andhepossessedincrediblestrength.Oneday,while____40____(play)nearthesea,Nezhaaccidentallycausedhugewavethatfloodedanearbyvillage.Tomakeupforhismistake,hedecided____41____fightagainsttheDragonKing,whowasresponsibleforcontrollingthewaters.Nezha’sbraveryanddeterminationare____42____makehimahero.Despitehisyoungage,heneverhesitatedtoprotectothersandstandupforwhatwasright.Hisstoryteachesusthatnomatterhowsmalloryoungweare,wecanstillmake____43____bigdifferenceintheworld.Additionally,Nezha’srelationshipwithhis____44____(parent),especiallyhisfather,improvedovertimeastheylearnedtounderstandandappreciatehisuniquequalities.Today,Nezha_____45_____(remember)asasymbolofcourageandjusticeinChineseculture.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文(满分15分)46.假设你是李华，你校将举办一场关于“人工智能与未来社会”的学术讲座，主讲人是著名科学家张教授。请你用英语写一封邀请信，邀请你的外教MrSmith参加。内容包括：1.讲座的时间、地点；2.讲座的主题和主讲人；3.邀请Mr.Smith参加的原因；4.表达期待。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMr.Smith,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。IwastakingatripfromTexastotheBahamasforavacation,havingpreparedforthistripforalongtime.Afterpackingallmybelongingsandheadingtotheairport,IcouldonlythinkaboutallthepleasanttimesIwouldhaveatthetropical（热带）island.Ialreadyhadeverythingplannedout,firstIwouldgodiving,thenvisitthequeen’sstairs,andeventuallygoswimmingwiththedolphins.Thethoughtsmademyheartrace;Icouldevensmellthefreshoceanbreezerightnow.Finally,Imadeitintotheairport,justintimetomakemyflight.AsIboardedtheplane,Ihadasmilestretchedalongmyface.Islidrightintomyseat,sittingmidrowrightinthemiddleoftwootherpassengers.Oneofthemwasafairlyattractiveyoungfemaleandtheotherwasanelderlyladywholookedtobeinher70s.Herhairwasasgrayasathunderstormcloudandthewrinklesonherskinmatchedtheonesonmyshirt.“Weshoulddepartinaboutfiveminutes,”Thepilotresponded.Atthattime,Ihadnoideawhatwassoonincomingafterthisannouncement.Iusedtoflywithmymomawholebunchoftimesasakid,thepeoplebesidemeseemingtobetakingitwellaswell.Iwenttosleepandwokeuptovariousscreamingandyellingontheplane;everythingwassochaoticthatitlookedstraightoutofamoviescene.Thelightsintheairplanestartedflickering（闪烁）,andIcouldfeelthebumpstheplanewasmaking.WasIstilldreaming?Ilookedtomyleftandtheseatwasempty!Sweatstartedtorundownmyface.Theyoungfemalewasgone!“Mommy!”Alittlegirlscreamed.Icouldn’tcontrolitanymoreandtearsstartedrollingdownmyface.Theplaneshookmore,seemingtheendwasnearing.“Ladiesandgentlemen,weareexperiencinganextremeclearairturbulence（乱流）,”thepilotexplained.“Theplaneisbeingadjusted.Pleaseremainseated.”注意:1.续写词数应为150左右。2.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thepilottriedtotakecontrolofthesituationathand,butinvain（徒劳）.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Eventually,allthepassengerscalmeddown.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________南宁市银海三雅学校2025届高三综合模拟训练八英语科试题参考答案第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)1—5ABAAC6—10ABCBB11—15BCACA16—20CACBC第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个