2024-2025学年下学期高中英语选修四第一单元B卷

第26页（共26页）选修四Unit1B卷一．完形填空（共1小题）1．（2022春•滨海县校级月考）Whatwillthefuturebelike？Goodorbad？Alotofscience﹣fictionwritingimaginesadarkand（1）world.PlanetoftheApesshowsa（2）futureforhumankind.There'sawordto（3）thekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction：dystopia，a（n）（4）unpleasantorbadplace.The（5）isutopia.Butdoestomorrow'sworldhavetobesodisappointing？No.Anewprojectwantstousethepowerofsciencefictionto（6）abetterfuture.The（7）ofProjectHieroglyphistobringtogetherwriters，scientists，engineersandartiststocreateoptimisticstoriesabouta（8）societyinthenext50years.It's（9）tocreateadystopiathanwriteafeel﹣goodstory.There'smoreconflictinaworldfullofproblems，andstoriesareinterestingwhentherearealotofproblemstosolve.No（10），nostory!Buttheprojectproducedabookwithsome（11）plots.Oneofthemisaboutenvironmentalistswhofightto（12）buildingthefirsthotelinthe（13）areas.Butwillthesestoriesactuallychangeanythingor（14）keepusentertained？Agoodscience﹣fictionstorycanbe（15）.Itis（16）toseethatstoriescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeopleto（17）somethingthattheywanttodo.Theinfluenceofsciencefictionhasalreadybeenwell（18）inmodernresearch.Whyarepeopleworkingon（19）clothes？Well，it'sHarryPotter，right？Timewilltellhowfarwecango.Let'sdreambigandthink（20）thebox.（1）A．elegantB．splendidC．dynamicD．scary（2）A．potentialB．wonderfulC．miserableD．dynamic（3）A．improveB．describeC．compriseD．develop（4）A．imaginedB．arguedC．realizedD．recognized（5）A．originalB．oppositeC．alternativeD．acceptable（6）A．extendB．unfoldC．sustainD．occupy（7）A．advantageB．resultC．motiveD．maintenance（8）A．harmoniousB．permanentC．messyD．conventional（9）A．funnierB．harderC．newerD．easier（10）A．challengeB．missionC．welfareD．surprise（11）A．disgustingB．frighteningC．demandingD．promising（12）A．riskB．delayC．stopD．bother（13）A．highB．polarC．crowdedD．remote（14）A．merelyB．intentlyC．frequentlyD．incredibly（15）A．abnormalB．artificialC．constantD．mighty（16）A．gradualB．plainC．vitalD．vague（17）A．castnewlightonB．maketheirwaytoC．gatheraroundD．beatdown（18）A．neglectedB．deniedC．exposedD．evaluated（19）A．invisibilityB．surroundingsC．exposureD．absence（20）A．insideB．besideC．outsideD．beneath二．阅读理解（共2小题）2．（2023秋•晋中期末）Imagineflyingoverthecityinanelectric﹣poweredaircraftthathasnopilotbutcantakeyoufrompointAtopointBinminutes.Soundslikesciencefiction.right？Well，notanymore.China﹣basedEhanghasbecometheworld'sfirstcompanytobeofficiallyallowedtoflypassengersinitspilotlessairtaxis.Ehang'sairtaxiscancarryuptotwopassengersandcanflyatspeedsofupto130km/handdistancesofupto28km.Passengerscansimplyselecttheirdestination（目的地）onatouchscreeninsidethecabinandenjoytheridewithoutworryingaboutpilotingtheaircraft.Thetaxisdonotrequireairportsorrunways.Theycantakeoffandlandvertically（垂直地）fromanyflatsurface，suchasarooftop，parkorcarpark.Theycanbefullychargedintwohoursandhavelownoiselevels.Theyalsohavesomenecessarythings，suchasbackupbatteries，propellers，emergencylandingsystemsandparachutesincaseanythinggoeswrong.Theycouldchangehowwetravelaroundbigcities—imagineusingthemtoavoidtrafficjams，savetimetoworkorschool，orgettoplacesthatarehardtoreachbycarorpublictransport.Andbeyondjustmovingpeople，theaircraftcanbeusedfordeliveringgoods，suchaspackages，medicalsuppliesorfood.Duringnaturaldisasterssuchasbushfiresorfoods，airtaxiscouldtransportmuch﹣neededmedicalstaff，equipmentormedicinestothescenequicklyandsafely.Ehang'sairtaxisneedtofollowthelawsandrulesofdifferentcountriesandregionswheretheymightoperate.Onebigchallengewillbegainingthetrustofthepublicandpersuadingpassengerstheyaresafewhileflying.Todothis，Ehangwilleducatepassengersaboutthebenefitsandrisksofusingitstaxiswhilealsodealingwithpossibleproblems.（1）Whyissciencefictionmentionedinthefirstparagraph？A.Toproveairtaxisarenotreal.B.Toshowairtaxisareadvanced.C.Toexpresspeople'sloveforairtaxis.D.Toprovidescientificfactsaboutairtaxis!（2）Whichisanadvantageofairtaxis？A.Theyarelessnoisy.B.Theyuselessenergy.C.Theycanlandanywhere.D.Theyarelessexpensive.（3）Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellusaboutairtaxis？A.Theirpossibleproblems.B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirkeyfunctions.D.Theirsimpledesign.（4）What'sthepassengers'mainconcernoverairtaxis？A.Price.B.Speed.C.Management.D.Safety.3．（2022秋•定远县校级期末）Paying﹩25，000togetyourpetclonedmightsoundattractive，ifyouhavethemoneyandcan'timaginelifewithoutyourpet.Therearetwocompaniesnowthatcancloneyourpet：ViaGenandSooamBiotech.Labtechstherewillcloneyourpetusingaprocesscalledsomaticcellnucleartransfer（体细胞核移植），thesamemethodusedtocloneDollythesheepin1996.Thisinvolvesremovingthenucleusfromafemale'sdevelopingeggcellandreplacingitwiththenucleusfromacellfromtheanimalyouwanttoclone.Thenewcellisthenstimulated（刺激）withanelectricshocktomakeitdivideandthenimplantedintoahostorganism（有机体）.Thedecisiontocloneyourpethastotakeplacewhilethey'restillalive.Youneedtosignupwiththecompanyandtakeyourpettothevetsotheycanharvestsomecells.Then，forbetween﹩1﹣2000，thecompanywillstorethecells.Evenifyoudecidetostop，there'snorefundforthestorage.Ifyoudecidetohaveyourpetcloned，you'llpayamuchlargerdeposittoperformthecelltransferandimplantthecellsintoahostanimal.What'smostimportanttoconsumersistheproduct.Yourcloneisatwinofyourformerpet，butitwon'tnecessarilylookoractliketheoriginal.Theymayhavedifferentcolorsandyoudon'tgetyourmoneyback.EventhecompaniesadmittedinNewYorkTimes"Youcanclonethelookofadog，butyoucan'tclonethesoul."（1）WhydidtheauthormentionDollythesheep？A．Toensurethesafetyofcloning.B．Toshowthatitiseasytoclonesheep.C．Toprovethetechnologyhasalonghistory.D．Totellreadersthemethodusedtoclonetheirpets.（2）Whatcanweknowaboutcloningapet？A．Yourpetcanbebroughtbacktolife.B．Thechargeofpetcloningis﹩1﹣2000.C．Yournewpetwillhaveaparentwhencloned.D．Thecompanywillrefundyouifyougiveuphalfway.（3）Whatdothecompanies'wordsinthelastparagraphmean？A．Cloningisamoralissue.B．Thefutureofcloningisunclear.C．Thetechnologyofcloningisnotperfect.D．Yonwon'tgettheexactcopyoftheformerone.（4）Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom？A．Atravelguide.B．Anewspaper.C．Asciencefiction.D．Atextbook.三．信息匹配（共1小题）4．（2022春•滨海县校级月考）Whatifwehadthepowertocontroltime，insteadofmovingfromthepasttothepresenttothefuture？Whatifwecouldjump，loopandtravelthroughtimeinamachine？（1）Thisabilitywouldallowustowitnesshistoricwonders，changedecisionsandseepeoplefromthepast.（2）.Themysteriouspuzzleoftimehaskeptpeopledebatingitsnatureforhundredsofyears.Sciencefictionwritershaveturneditintoimaginativestories.Somescientistshaveevenattemptedtoexplainitusingmath.Thismythtriestomakethedreamoftimetravelcometrue.（3）.Hecalledit"spacetime".Einsteinsaidthattherearethreedimensionsinspace：height，widthanddepth.AscientistnamedHermannMinkowskiaddedtimeasafourthdimension.Einsteinintroducedtwoideasthathaveledtotheoriesaboutthepossibilityoftimetravel.Thefirstisrelativity.Theideaofrelativityisthattheforceofgravitycausesspacetobend，whichcausestimetotwist.（4）.Theideaisthatatravelermovingsuper﹣fastthroughflatspacetimewillenterthefuture.Einsteinconsideredtime"relative"becauseitismeasuredbasedonwhereweareonEarthorinspace.StephenHawkingisafamousscientist.Hebelievesthatatimemachinewillneverbebuilt.Ifitwerepossible，hethinkswewouldalreadyknow.Ifatimemachinecouldbebuilt，howcomenoonefromthefuturehasinvadedus？ThefirstsciencefictionstorywiththisthemeisTheClockThatWentBackwardbyEdwardP.Mitchell，whichwaspublishedin1881.（5），inwhichsometoolssuchasphones，watches，photographsandoldbookstaketravellersbackwardandforward.Willtimetraveleverhappen？Whoknows？Mostimportantistokeepyoureyesopenandhaveasenseofwonder.A.ThesecondideafocusesonspecialrelativityB.WecouldrightwrongsandstopwarsfromstartingC.ThelawsofnaturegoverningtheuniverseimplydifferentpossibilitiesfortimetravelD.WhatifwecouldgowhereverandwheneverwepleasedE.ThescientistAlbertEinsteinsaidthattimeandspaceareonethingF.Beforethetwentiethcentury，scientistsandphilosophersrarelyinvestigatedtimetravelG.Sincethen，thousandsofbooks，filmsandtelevisionshowshaveexploredtheideaoftimetravel四．选词填空（共1小题）5．bytheway，besidethepoint，takeover，beadaptedinto，remind…of，ontheotherhand，prosandcons，superiorto（1）Wasitin1948thatthegovernmenttherailwaysinGreatBritain？（2）Theysatforhoursdebatingtheofsettinguptheirownfirm.（3）Itcannotbequestionedthatthenewmethodistheoldone.（4）ThenovelaTVseriesandbecameanationalhottopicforquitesometime.（5），howlonghaveyoubeenacameraman？（6）Tobuildanotherskyscraperinthecityis.（7）Shesimplywelcomedhimandhimthelasttimetheyhadmet.（8）Ontheonehand，weshoulddevelopoureconomy；，weshouldprotecttheenvironment.五．语法填空（共1小题）6．（2023春•肇庆校级期中）JamesCameronwasbornin1954.Asciencefictionfanasachild，hegrewuptobecomeoneofthemostoutstandingfilm﹣makersinHollywood.AtfirsthestudiedphysicsatCaliforniaStateUniversity，（1）helefttofollowhiscinematicdream.Whenhewasworking（2）atruckdriver，Cameronwouldstopthetruckbythesideoftheroadtoworkonscreenplays，which（3）（contribute）tohissuccess.In1978，CameronmadehisfirstfilmcalledXenogenesis.ThefilmhelpedhimgetajobwithNewWorldPictures，acompanyrunby（4）（know）B﹣moviedirectorRogerCorman.Yearslater，CameronbeganhismasterpieceTitanic，amovieaboutunluckylovers（5）（trap）aboardtheTitanicoceanliner.Titaniceventuallybecame（6）firstfilmtoearnnominations（提名）.Forhisworkonthefilm，hetookhomethreeOscars.Eventhoughhe（7）（win）countlessawards，hestilltrieshardtobeadirectortrulycommittedtohiswork.Perhapsthatisthereasonwhyheissofamous（8）（global）.Hecancreatenewkindsoffilmsandtakeour（9）（imagine）toplaces（10）wehaveneverbeenbefore.六．句型转换（共5小题）7．OurEnglishteachercaughthimcheatingintheexamination.→byourEnglishteacherintheexamination.8．Thereporterhurriedtotheairport，buttheytoldhimthatthefilmstarhadleft.Thereporterhurriedtotheairport，butthatthefilmstarhadleft.9．（2023春•高州市校级期中）Whentheycompletethestadium，itwillbeoneofthelargestinthecity.Whenit，thestadiumwillbeoneofthelargestinthecity.10．Peoplebelievethatifabookisinteresting，itwillsurelyinterestthereaders.Itthatifabookisinteresting，itwillsurelyinterestthereaders.11．PeoplesaythatMaryShelleyisoneofthefirstfictionwritersinEnglishliterature.→MaryShelleyisoneofthefirstfictionwritersinEnglishliterature.七．书面表达（共1小题）12．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事．Dadhadleftaround6：45pmthiseveningforalatemeetinginhisoffice．MomandRiyahadgonetoMohaliforRiya'sSpellBeeCompetition．Grannywasbusywithherscripturesonthegroundfloor．Besidehersittingonadivanwasme，readinganovel．IwasreadingthelastpartoftheHarryPotterseries．IhadrecentlycaughttheHarryPotterBug？，andIhadbeenhookedeversince．Allofasudden，astringofstrangeeventstookplace．TherewasapowercutandjustatthatpointoftimeIheardMom'svoice，talkingtoRiya．ButRiya'squizwasabouttostartinafewminutes．Howcoulditbepossible？Confused，Ibookmarkedmynovelandgotup，goingnearmyoldgranny．Iwhisperedtoher，"Didyouhearthat．Granny？""Hearwhat？"sheasked，lookingfromsidetoside．"Mom'svoice，"Ireplied．"Don'tbesilly，littleboy．YouknowverywellthatyourmomandRiyahavegonetoMohaliforherquiz，"shechided（责备）andwentbacktoherwork．Icouldstillhearvoices，muchloudernow．IlookedatGranny．Sheseemedunaffectedandcarriedonherwork，oblivious（不在意的）tothevoices．Ilookedatthewindow，thesourceofallthesevoices．Thesightoutsidethewindowpuzzledmemore．Hoveringinmidairwasawhiteballofpurelight．Itseemedthatitwastheballwhichwasemittingthevoices．IrememberedRonaldWeasleyandhisadventureswithDumbledore'sDeluminator．Butitwasinthebook，andthebookbeingcompletelyfiction，itsexistencewasimpossible．Buthereitwas，glaringatme．Lookingaroundtoseeifanyonewaswatching，Ibeganextendingmyhandtowardit．IfitwasthesameballIwasthinkingabout，thenitwouldtransportmeto…Allofasudden，asmyfingersmadecontactwiththeball，mywholebodygotsuckedintoit．Mybodytwistedandtwirled，andmymindwhizzedandwhirled．Allaroundmewaspurelight．Itwasthesame，Ithought，asasmilespreadonmyface．注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语．Paragraph1Outofnowhere，Iwasdroppedintoaseatofwhatlookedlikeaschool'sauditorium．Paragraph2AsIreachedhome，IenteredandtoldGrannythatRiyawonherquizandwouldbegettingtheaward．

选修四Unit1B卷参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共1小题）1．（2022春•滨海县校级月考）Whatwillthefuturebelike？Goodorbad？Alotofscience﹣fictionwritingimaginesadarkand（1）Dworld.PlanetoftheApesshowsa（2）Cfutureforhumankind.There'sawordto（3）Bthekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction：dystopia，a（n）（4）Aunpleasantorbadplace.The（5）Bisutopia.Butdoestomorrow'sworldhavetobesodisappointing？No.Anewprojectwantstousethepowerofsciencefictionto（6）Babetterfuture.The（7）CofProjectHieroglyphistobringtogetherwriters，scientists，engineersandartiststocreateoptimisticstoriesabouta（8）Asocietyinthenext50years.It's（9）Dtocreateadystopiathanwriteafeel﹣goodstory.There'smoreconflictinaworldfullofproblems，andstoriesareinterestingwhentherearealotofproblemstosolve.No（10）A，nostory!Buttheprojectproducedabookwithsome（11）Dplots.Oneofthemisaboutenvironmentalistswhofightto（12）Cbuildingthefirsthotelinthe（13）Bareas.Butwillthesestoriesactuallychangeanythingor（14）Akeepusentertained？Agoodscience﹣fictionstorycanbe（15）D.Itis（16）Btoseethatstoriescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeopleto（17）Csomethingthattheywanttodo.Theinfluenceofsciencefictionhasalreadybeenwell（18）Dinmodernresearch.Whyarepeopleworkingon（19）Aclothes？Well，it'sHarryPotter，right？Timewilltellhowfarwecango.Let'sdreambigandthink（20）Cthebox.（1）A．elegantB．splendidC．dynamicD．scary（2）A．potentialB．wonderfulC．miserableD．dynamic（3）A．improveB．describeC．compriseD．develop（4）A．imaginedB．arguedC．realizedD．recognized（5）A．originalB．oppositeC．alternativeD．acceptable（6）A．extendB．unfoldC．sustainD．occupy（7）A．advantageB．resultC．motiveD．maintenance（8）A．harmoniousB．permanentC．messyD．conventional（9）A．funnierB．harderC．newerD．easier（10）A．challengeB．missionC．welfareD．surprise（11）A．disgustingB．frighteningC．demandingD．promising（12）A．riskB．delayC．stopD．bother（13）A．highB．polarC．crowdedD．remote（14）A．merelyB．intentlyC．frequentlyD．incredibly（15）A．abnormalB．artificialC．constantD．mighty（16）A．gradualB．plainC．vitalD．vague（17）A．castnewlightonB．maketheirwaytoC．gatheraroundD．beatdown（18）A．neglectedB．deniedC．exposedD．evaluated（19）A．invisibilityB．surroundingsC．exposureD．absence（20）A．insideB．besideC．outsideD．beneath【答案】（1）﹣（5）DCBAB（6）﹣（10）BCADA（11）﹣（15）DCBAD（16）﹣（20）BCDAC【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了未来是美好的还是糟糕的，作者并不认同当前很多科幻小说所描绘的未来，而是认为未来有无限可能，我们应该大胆梦想，打破常规。【解答】（1）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.elegant优雅的；B.splendid壮丽的；C.dynamic充满活力的；D.scary骇人的，可怕的。句意：很多科幻小说都想象一个黑暗而可怕的世界。根据后文PlanetoftheApesshowsa____futureforhumankind.及并列连词and后的dark可推断，科幻小说描述的是一个黑暗且可怕的世界。故选D。（2）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.potential潜在的；B.wonderful绝妙的，极好的；C.miserable痛苦的，悲惨的；D.dynamic充满活力的。句意：《人猿星球》展现了人类悲惨的未来。根据上文Alotofscience﹣fictionwritingimaginesadarkand___world.可知，科幻小说里描述的未来是黑暗且可怕的，因此《人猿星球》里展现的人类未来也要与此对应，所以是悲惨的未来。故选C。（3）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.improve提高；B.describe描述；C.comprise包含；D.develop发展。句意：有一个词用来描述科幻小说中经常出现的未来世界：反乌托邦，一个想象中不愉快或糟糕的地方。根据后文dystopia，a（n）_____unpleasantorbadplace.可知，dystopia这个词是对于科幻小说中的世界的一种描述。故选B。（4）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.imagined想象的，幻想的；B.argued争论的；C.realized已实现的；D.recognized公认的。句意：有一个词用来描述科幻小说中经常出现的未来世界：反乌托邦，一个想象中不愉快或糟糕的地方。根据前文There'sawordto____thekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction可知，这种不愉快的或糟糕的地方是科幻小说里面想象出来的。故选A。（5）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.original起初的，原作的；B.opposite相反的；C.alternative可替代的；D.acceptable可接受的。句意：与之相反的是乌托邦。根据前文There'sawordto____thekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction：dystopia，a（n）_____unpleasantorbadplace.可知，反乌托邦是一个不愉快的糟糕的地方；结合常识可知，乌托邦是一个过分美好而不可能实现的世界，两者是相反的。故选B。（6）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.extend扩展；B.unfold打开，呈现；C.sustain维持；D.occupy占据。句意：一个新计划希望利用科幻小说的力量来展现一个更美好的未来。根据后文The_____ofProjectHieroglyphistobringtogetherwriters，scientists，engineersandartiststocreateoptimisticstoriesabouta_____societyinthenext50years.可知，这个计划是向读者呈现一个更加积极美好的世界。故选B。（7）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.advantage优势；B.result结果；C.motive动机，目的；D.maintenance维护。句意：ProjectHieroglyph的目的是将作家、科学家、工程师和艺术家聚集在一起，创作关于未来50年和谐社会的乐观故事。根据后文tobringtogetherwriters，scientists，engineersandartiststocreateoptimisticstoriesabouta___societyinthenext50years.中的不定式表目的可知，此处是在说明这个计划的目的。故选C。（8）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.harmonious和谐的；B.permanent永久的；C.messy杂乱的；D.conventional常规的。句意：ProjectHieroglyph的目的是将作家、科学家、工程师和艺术家聚集在一起，创作关于未来50年和谐社会的乐观故事。根据前文Butdoestomorrow'sworldhavetobesodisappointing？No.Anewprojectwantstousethepowerofsciencefictionto____abetterfuture.可知，ProjectHieroglyph是要描绘一个更加美好的未来，所以要呈现的是一个和谐的社会。故选A。（9）D.考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A.funnier更有趣的；B.harder更难的；C.newer更新的；D.easier更容易的。句意：创造一个反乌托邦比写一个让人感觉良好的故事更容易。根据前文Alotofscience﹣fictionwritingimaginesadarkand____world.及There'sawordto____thekindoffutureworldwhichoftenappearsinsciencefiction：dystopia，a（n）_____unpleasantorbadplace.可知，反乌托邦是很多科幻小说中都会创造的社会，可推断创作一个反乌托邦故事是相对更加简单的。故选D。（10）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.challenge挑战；B.mission任务；C.welfare福利；D.surprise惊喜。句意：没有挑战，就没有故事！根据前文There'smoreconflictinaworldfullofproblems，andstoriesareinterestingwhentherearealotofproblemstosolve.可知，反乌托邦小说是以解决问题为故事线索，可推断在解决问题的过程中会制造各种挑战，从而形成故事情节。故选A。（11）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.disgusting令人反感的；B.frightening可怕的，骇人的；C.demanding苛刻的；D.promising有希望的。句意：但是这个计划产出了一本书，书中有一些很有希望的情节。根据前文Anewprojectwantstousethepowerofsciencefictionto____abetterfuture.及后文Oneofthemisaboutenvironmentalistswhofightto____buildingthefirsthotelinthe_____areas.可知，这个计划意在呈现一个更美好的未来，在环保问题上也有更加科学的内容安排，可推断这本书设计了很多有希望的情节。故选D。（12）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.risk冒险做；B.delay推迟；C.stop（使）停止，阻止；D.bother打扰。句意：其中一篇是关于环保主义者的，他们努力阻止人们在极地地区建造第一家酒店。根据前文Buttheprojectproducedabookwithsome_____plots.可知，这本书的情节充满了希望，而在极地建酒店是有违自然规律的，环保主义者极力阻止这种行为，符合有希望的情节。故选C。（13）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.high高的；B.polar极地的；C.crowded拥挤的；D.remote边远的，偏僻的。句意：其中一篇是关于环保主义者的，他们努力阻止人们在极地地区建造第一家酒店。根据下文buildingthefirsthotel可知，是在极地地区建造第一家酒店。故选B。（14）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.merely仅仅；B.intently专心地；C.frequently经常地，频繁地；D.incredibly难以置信地。句意：这些故事真的会改变什么吗？或者只是让我们娱乐一下？根据语境可知，此处是引发读者思考：这些故事仅仅是让我们娱乐一下吗？故选A。（15）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.abnormal不正常的；B.artificial人工的；C.constant持续的；D.mighty强大的。句意：一部好的科幻小说可以很强大。根据后文is___toseethatstoriescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeopleto____somethingthattheywanttodo.Theinfluenceofsciencefictionhasalreadybeenwell_____inmodernresearch.可知，好的科幻小说的影响和力量是强大的。故选D。（16）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.gradual逐渐的；B.plain显而易见的；C.vital至关重要的；D.vague不明确的，不清楚的。句意：很明显，故事可以激励成千上万的人聚集在他们想做的事情周围。根据上文Agoodscience﹣fictionstorycanbe____.可知，好的科幻小说的影响和力量是强大的，所以这种作用也是很显而易见的。故选B。（17）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.castnewlighton使人重新认识；B.maketheirwayto向……进发；C.gatheraround围着，聚集在；D.beatdown击倒。句意：很明显，故事可以激励成千上万的人聚集在他们想做的事情周围。根据前文Agoodscience﹣fictionstorycanbe___.以及storiescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeople可知，好的故事有强大的影响力，可推断这样的故事可以让无数的人为他们想做的事情团结在一起，聚集在一起。故选C。（18）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.neglected忽视；B.denied否认；C.exposed暴露；D.evaluated评估，评价。句意：科幻小说的影响在现代研究中已经得到了很好的评价。根据前文Itis____toseethatstoriescaninspirehundreds，thousands，millionsofpeopleto_____somethingthattheywanttodo.可知，故事可以激励成千上万的人聚集在他们想做的事情周围，这种激励作用是对故事的正面评价，而科幻小说也属于故事的一种，所以其影响力也得到了很好的评价。故选D。（19）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.invisibility看不见；B.surroundings周围环境；C.exposure暴露，接触；D.absence缺席。句意：为什么人们要研究隐形衣？根据下文Well，it'sHarryPotter，right？以及语境可知，此处指研究隐形衣。故选A。（20）C.考查介词及语境理解。A.inside在……里面；B.beside在……旁边；C.outside在……外面；D.beneath在……下面。句意：让我们大胆梦想，跳出思维定势。根据上文Timewilltellhowfarwecango.可知，未来无法预知；再结合上文ProjectHieroglyph中所描绘的世界可知，我们不能以当前科幻小说所呈现的可怕黑暗的未来作为我们思考的方向，而是应该跳出这个思维框架，从另一个角度去看待未来；thinkoutsidethebox意为"打破常规，跳出思维定势"。故选C。【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。二．阅读理解（共2小题）2．（2023秋•晋中期末）Imagineflyingoverthecityinanelectric﹣poweredaircraftthathasnopilotbutcantakeyoufrompointAtopointBinminutes.Soundslikesciencefiction.right？Well，notanymore.China﹣basedEhanghasbecometheworld'sfirstcompanytobeofficiallyallowedtoflypassengersinitspilotlessairtaxis.Ehang'sairtaxiscancarryuptotwopassengersandcanflyatspeedsofupto130km/handdistancesofupto28km.Passengerscansimplyselecttheirdestination（目的地）onatouchscreeninsidethecabinandenjoytheridewithoutworryingaboutpilotingtheaircraft.Thetaxisdonotrequireairportsorrunways.Theycantakeoffandlandvertically（垂直地）fromanyflatsurface，suchasarooftop，parkorcarpark.Theycanbefullychargedintwohoursandhavelownoiselevels.Theyalsohavesomenecessarythings，suchasbackupbatteries，propellers，emergencylandingsystemsandparachutesincaseanythinggoeswrong.Theycouldchangehowwetravelaroundbigcities—imagineusingthemtoavoidtrafficjams，savetimetoworkorschool，orgettoplacesthatarehardtoreachbycarorpublictransport.Andbeyondjustmovingpeople，theaircraftcanbeusedfordeliveringgoods，suchaspackages，medicalsuppliesorfood.Duringnaturaldisasterssuchasbushfiresorfoods，airtaxiscouldtransportmuch﹣neededmedicalstaff，equipmentormedicinestothescenequicklyandsafely.Ehang'sairtaxisneedtofollowthelawsandrulesofdifferentcountriesandregionswheretheymightoperate.Onebigchallengewillbegainingthetrustofthepublicandpersuadingpassengerstheyaresafewhileflying.Todothis，Ehangwilleducatepassengersaboutthebenefitsandrisksofusingitstaxiswhilealsodealingwithpossibleproblems.（1）Whyissciencefictionmentionedinthefirstparagraph？AA.Toproveairtaxisarenotreal.B.Toshowairtaxisareadvanced.C.Toexpresspeople'sloveforairtaxis.D.Toprovidescientificfactsaboutairtaxis!（2）Whichisanadvantageofairtaxis？AA.Theyarelessnoisy.B.Theyuselessenergy.C.Theycanlandanywhere.D.Theyarelessexpensive.（3）Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellusaboutairtaxis？CA.Theirpossibleproblems.B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirkeyfunctions.D.Theirsimpledesign.（4）What'sthepassengers'mainconcernoverairtaxis？DA.Price.B.Speed.C.Management.D.Safety.【答案】AACD【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国的Ehang（亿航）空中出租车。【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Imagineflyingoverthecityinanelectric﹣poweredaircraftthathasnopilotbutcantakeyoufrompointAtopointBinminutes.Soundslikesciencefiction，right？Well，notanymore.（想象一下，一架没有飞行员的电动飞行器在城市上空飞行，但可以在几分钟内把你从A点带到B点。听起来像科幻小说，对吧？现在不是了。）可推知，第一段提及科幻小说是为了证明空中出租车是不真实的。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的Theycanbefullychargedintwohoursandhavelownoiselevels.（它们可以在两个小时内充满电，而且噪音很低。）可知，空中出租车有更少的噪音。故选A。（3）段落大意题。根据第五段Theycouldchangehowwetravelaroundbigcities—imagineusingthemtoavoidtrafficjams，savetimetoworkorschool，orgettoplacesthatarehardtoreachbycarorpublictransport.Andbeyondjustmovingpeople，theaircraftcanbeusedfordeliveringgoods，suchaspackages，medicalsuppliesorfood.Duringnaturaldisasterssuchasbushfiresorfoods，airtaxiscouldtransportmuch﹣neededmedicalstaff，equipmentormedicinestothescenequicklyandsafely.（它们可以改变我们在大城市的出行方式——想象一下，使用它们可以避免交通堵塞，节省上班或上学的时间，或者到达汽车或公共交通工具难以到达的地方。除了运送人员，这种飞行器还可以用来运送货物，比如包裹、医疗用品或食品。在发生森林大火或食品等自然灾害时，空中出租车可以快速安全地将急需的医务人员、设备或药品运送到现场。）可知，第五段介绍了空中出租车的主要功能。故选C。（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段Onebigchallengewillbegainingthetrustofthepublicandpersuadingpassengerstheyaresafewhileflying.（一个巨大的挑战将是赢得公众的信任，并说服乘客它们在飞行时是安全的。）可知，乘客对空中出租车的主要担忧是安全性。故选D。【点评】考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。3．（2022秋•定远县校级期末）Paying﹩25，000togetyourpetclonedmightsoundattractive，ifyouhavethemoneyandcan'timaginelifewithoutyourpet.Therearetwocompaniesnowthatcancloneyourpet：ViaGenandSooamBiotech.Labtechstherewillcloneyourpetusingaprocesscalledsomaticcellnucleartransfer（体细胞核移植），thesamemethodusedtocloneDollythesheepin1996.Thisinvolvesremovingthenucleusfromafemale'sdevelopingeggcellandreplacingitwiththenucleusfromacellfromtheanimalyouwanttoclone.Thenewcellisthenstimulated（刺激）withanelectricshocktomakeitdivideandthenimplantedintoahostorganism（有机体）.Thedecisiontocloneyourpethastotakeplacewhilethey'restillalive.Youneedtosignupwiththecompanyandtakeyourpettothevetsotheycanharvestsomecells.Then，forbetween﹩1﹣2000，thecompanywillstorethecells.Evenifyoudecidetostop，there'snorefundforthestorage.Ifyoudecidetohaveyourpetcloned，you'llpayamuchlargerdeposittoperformthecelltransferandimplantthecellsintoahostanimal.What'smostimportanttoconsumersistheproduct.Yourcloneisatwinofyourformerpet，butitwon'tne