山东省威海市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题【含答案】

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页山东省威海市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）RecentlyOxfordDictionariesreleasedthisyear’slistofnewwordsthatduetopopularusehadmadetheirwayintothedictionary;proofoftheirwidespreadexistence.ThinglishKidsin2025findwholesentencesdifficult,sohavedoneawaywithverbsandadjectivescompletelytocommunicateusingjustnouns—viasocialmediaplatforms.Mostparentsdopointoutthatteenagershaveinfactbeencommunicatinginsinglewordsfordecades,sothisdoesn’treallyfeeltoodifferent.DronershipTheinformal“finderskeepers”lawthatmeansifadrone(无人机)crashlandsinyourbackyard,thenit’syours.Intendedtobearesponsetowayward(任性的)andcarelessdroneoperators,governmentshaverefusedtomakethelawofficial,astheyareconcerneditwillencourageresidentstoactivelytryandbringdowndronesbyanymeanspossible.SpudditeApersonwhorefusestolearnhowtouseapotatoforlighting.Alsoknownas“starch-enemies”,theseindividualsareoftenmanufacturers(制造商)oflightbulbs,whohaveseentheirmarketsharedecreasesharplyeversinceitwasfoundthatpotatoescouldbeusedtolighthomes,officesandevenstreets.Withapotatousing733%lessenergythananenergysavingbulb,it’snothardtoseewhythey’dbethatfrustrated…1．WhatmightbethemainreasonbehindtheappearanceofThinglish?A．Theeaseoflanguageuse. B．Thelong-standinghabit.C．Thedeclineinvocabulary. D．Theoveruseofsocialmedia.2．Whomightbecalled“starchenemies”?A．Potatofarmers. B．Crasheddronekeepers.C．Lightbulbproducers. D．Single-wordcommunicators.3．Whyarethesewordsincludedindictionaries?A．Becauseofculturalinfluence. B．Becauseoftheiruniqueness.C．Becauseoflanguageevolution. D．Becauseoftheirwidespreadusage.WhenIfirstjoinedFacebook,Isawitasacoolwaytokeepintouchwithmyfriendsandfamily.Intheearlydays,IhadlargelypositiveviewsandfeelingswhenIwentontheapp.Butovertime,thingschangedfortheworse.Besidesgettingboredoftheapp,otherbigproblemscameup.Firstly,Facebookweakenedmycreativity.BecauseIwasspendingsomuchtimeonFacebook,Iwasn’tdoinganywherenearasmuchasIcouldhavebeenwithmybigcreativedreamsandideas.AndevenwhenIdid,itwasinserviceofsocialmedia(forexample,ItookphotosthatwouldgetlikesfrommyFacebookfriendsinsteadofwhatIactuallywantedtocapture).FacebookalsomademefeelintenseFOMO(FearOfMissingOut),especiallywhenIsawhoweveryoneelsewasdoing.Forexample,Iquitmyjobandstartedmyfirstbusinessatatimewhenmyfriendsweregettingjobpromotions.WhileIknewthatleavingmyjobwastherightlong-termdecision,Iwasalsobrokeatthetime.Combinethatwithothersgettingpayrises,etc.,andyoucanseetheproblemhere.IalsofeltlikeIhadtopostwheneverIdidanythinginteresting.Forexample,ifIwastraveling,IhadtotellmyfriendswhereIwasgoing.SincedeletingFacebook,I’mmuchhappiernotfeelinglikeIneedtoshareallofmylife.ThisisoneofthebiggestmistakesyoucouldmakeonFacebook.DeletingmyFacebookaccountwasahugedecision,butIcansaywithcertaintythatitwasoneofmybestlong-termdecisions.Ihavebetterrelationshipswiththepeoplewhomatter,andI’mnolongerexposedtoanywherenearasmuchnegativityasIwas.Notoversharingmypersonallifeisalsoahugeadvantage.Isuggestdeletingyouraccountforthreemonthsandseeinghowyoufeelthereafter;ifyouenjoyyourlifeoffline,don’thesitatetopermanentlydeleteit.4．WhydidtheauthorstarttouseFacebook?A．Tostrengthenbonds. B．Toshareupdates.C．Toinspirecreativity. D．Togetlatestnews.5．WhatmadetheauthorfeelFOMO?A．Startingthefirstbusiness. B．Noticingthegapwithfriends.C．Strugglingtomakealiving. D．Losingtrackofformerfriends.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”refertoinparagraph4?A．Sharingallthelife. B．Postingsomethinginteresting.C．DeletingFacebook. D．Tellingfriendstraveldestinations.7．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Todiscusssocialmedia’sadvance. B．TolistnegativeeffectsofFacebook.C．Torecommendasocialmediadetox. D．TourgeimmediateremovalofFacebook.Lastyear,thewordtodescribemuchoftheriseinfoodpriceswouldhavebeen“heatflation”,asdroughtandhightemperaturesaffectedcropyields(生产量)aroundtheworld,fromoliveoilinSpaintocabbageinSouthKorea.Thisyear,we’refacingadifferentconcept.Let’scallit“sogflation.”Ifheatflationreferstopriceincreasesasaresultofextremelyhightemperatures,sogflationisbornoutofextremeprecipitation.AreportpublishedinAprilshowedthatwhileEuropeexperiencedthehighestnumberofdayswithextremeheatstress,itwasalsooneofthewettestperiodsonrecordformanyplaces.Potatoesareattheforefrontofsogflation.Withjustoneplantingandoneharvestperyear.theconditionshavetobejustright.ButlastautumnpoorweatherconditionsforcedharvestingtostopinEuropeafterjustthreeweeks,aswetsoilmeantfarmerscouldn’tgetcropsoutoftheground.Europeanseatamongthehighestquantityofpotatoesperpersonofanyregionintheworld—about90kilogramsonaverageayear.Englishwhitepotatopricesareup81%year-over-year,anall-timehigh.InEurope,theNetherlandsandBelgium—twokeyregionsthatgrowprocessingpotatoesforfries—weretheworstaffected,withDutchprocessingpotatopricesattheirhighestlevelrecordedforUS$397permetricton.It’snotjustvegetablesandgrainsaffectedbythewetweather.Livestock(家畜)farmershaveseenhighdeathratesinlambs,whiledairycowsinaffectedareasareunabletobeturnedoutongrassreducingmilkyieldsandraisingproductioncosts.Foodproductionhasalwaysbeenatthemercyoftheelements.ButHarryCampbell,amarketanalyst,saidthat,asconsecutive(连续的)yearsofbadweatherpileup,it’sincreasinglyhardtorecoverfromapoorseason.Supplychainswillneedtobemoreflexible.andultimatelymorecomplex,tokeepfoodsuppliessecureatatimewhenonesuppliercouldbefacingfloodsandanotheraseriousdrought.8．Whatledto“sogflation”?A．Intenseheat. B．Seriousdrought. C．Heavyrainfall. D．Severeinsectdamage.9．WhatwastheimpactofbadweatheronpotatoesinEurope?A．Increaseddeathrate. B．Delayednewplanting.C．Shortergrowthcycle. D．Shorterharvestingperiod.10．Howwillconsecutivebadweatherinfluencethefoodsupply?A．Itwillleadtoanincreaseinthevarietyofcrops.B．ItwillforceEuropetorelymoreonfoodimports.C．Itwillrequiresimplerandmoreflexiblesupplychains.D．Itwillbeharderforcropsandrelatedindustriestorecover.11．Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．FromDroughttoFlood B．FoodShortageontheWayC．SayingGoodbyetoCheapChips D．ExtremeWeatherandRisingPricesOnacoldeveningin2016,GreatBasinslippedoutoftheshadowsandapproachedwhatlookedlikeametalcabinetlyingonitsside.Theraccooncouldsmellcatfoodwithin.but12latched(闩住)narrowdoorsblockedhisentry.SoGreatBasinjumpedonthetopandbegantofiddle(不停摆弄)withthelatchesupsidedown.Hequicklyopenedoneofthedoorsandfilledhisbelly.Raccoons—renownedfortheirabilitytojimmytheirwayintolockedgarbagecans—havelongbeenknownfortheircleverness.Butresearchershavelittlesenseofhowclevertheyreallyare.Astudypublishedrecentlymaychangethat.From2016to2017,LaurenStanton,anecologistwhowasdrawnbyraccoons’quickabilitytoadapttoenvironments,andhercolleaguesplacedsixpuzzleboxesinaresidentialbackyard.Puzzleboxesarestandardincognitionandbehaviorstudies,whereananimalclaws,grabs,orfiddleswithasinglelatcheddoorhidingsomefood.Butthescientistsdesignedanewtypeofboxwith24food-filledcompartments(分隔层)ratherthanthetypicalsinglecompartment,givingthemmoredatapointstoseehowraccoonsmightsolvenewproblems.Camerasrevealedsomesurprises.Inoneinstance,araccoonpushesaskunk(臭鼬)outofthewaytofiddlewithadifficultlatch,theneasilyopensit.Inanother,someraccoonswaitnearthepuzzleboxuntilanotherraccoonsolvesit,pushingitasideandgettingtherewardwithoutanywork.Inall,about25%oftheraccoonswereabletoopenatleastthreedoors,althoughthatwasnotasgoodasthe65%observedinthelab.In2017,Stanton’steamincreasedthedifficultylevel,introducinganewpuzzlewithfourdifferenttypesoflocks.Again,25%oftheraccoonsweresuccessful,demonstratingflexibilityinproblem-solving.Thefindingscouldhelpexplainhowraccoonsthriveinurbansettings,solvingthemany“puzzles”ofanurbanenvironment,saysBlakeMorton,ananimalbehavıorist.“Thisiswonderfulwhenstudiescomeoutlikethis,becauseitshowsthatwecandothesestudiesinthewild,andweshouldbedoingthem.”12．WhydidGreatBasinmakegreateffortstofiddlewiththelatches?A．Tohavefun. B．Toaccessthefoodinside.C．Toescapefromdanger. D．Toattractotherraccoons.13．WhatdidLaurenStanton’sresearchfocusonaboutraccoons?A．Theirinteractionpatterns. B．Theirproblem-solvingabilities.C．Theirfoodpreferences. D．Theiradaptabilityinthewild.14．HowdidLaurenStantonandher-colleaguestestraccoons’abilitytoadapt?A．Bycomparinglabandfieldfindings. B．Byobservingbehaviorsviacameras.C．Byemployingstandardpuzzleboxes. D．Bypresentingincreasinglychallengingtasks.15．WhatdoesBlakeMortonthinkofStanton’sstudies?A．Theyholdscientificvalueandshouldcontinue.B．Theyneedtoinvolvemoreanimalspeciesinthewild.C．Theyinspirenewwaystodealwithraccoonsincities.D．Theyoffernewinsightsintohuman-wildlifecoexistence.Duringyourteenageyears,yourbodygoesthroughmanychanges,andyoumayormaynotlikehowyourbodydevelops.Youstartforminganimageofyourbody.16Youcandevelopeitherapositiveornegativebodyimage,dependingonyourmindset.Oneofthemajorcontributorsofanegativebodyimageispeerpressure.Evenifyoudonotthinkyouarebeingbulliedbyyourgroupoffriends,youmaybelaughedatcasuallyaboutyourappearanceoryoumaysimplynoticethattheyseemmore“perfect”thanyou.Thiscanhaveanegativeimpactonyourbodyimage.17Often,anidealbodytypeispromotedheavilyonsocialnetworks.Culturemayalsohaveanegativeimpactonone’sbodyimage.Ifyourculturevaluesaparticularbodyimage,thenthatwouldmakeyouunhappyifyoudon’tmatchit.Anegativebodyimageincreasestheriskofunhealthybehaviorslikeextremedieting,overeating,overexercising,isolation,andriskysurgeries.Italsolowerslifesatisfactionandcanleadtounhappiness.18Tohaveamorepositivebodyimage,firstacceptthatwearealluniqueindividuals.Imagineifeveryonelookedthesame,theworldwouldbeaboringplace.19Beautystandardskeepchangingallthetime.What’smore,modelsandcelebritiesyouseeinthemediamaylook“perfect”fortheera,but,infact,muchofitisduetomakeup,anglesandlightingandPhotoshop!20Avoidcommentingonothers’looks,andyouwillstopcriticizingyourselftoo.Ifyouhavepeerswhoconstantlycommentaboutyourappearance,itmightbetimetore-evaluatethecompanyyoukeep.Remember,yourbodyimageissimplyYOURperception(感知)ofyourbody.ThismeansYOUhavethepowertochangethis,evenifyoudonothavetheabilitytochangetheperceptionofothers.A．Yourbodyimageisinfluencedbymanyfactors.B．Anothermajorfactoriswhatisshowninthemedia.C．Itissimplyhowyousee,thinkandfeelaboutyourself.D．Moreimportantly,thereisnosuchthingasaperfectbody.E．Ingeneral,thekeytoapositivebodyimageisself-acceptance.F．Also,insteadoffocusingonappearances,learntovaluepeopleforwhotheyreallyare.G．Overfocusingonappearancecanstopyoufromappreciatingyourotherpositivequalities.二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）Recently,IhadthechanceofattendingabirdreleaseeventattheCarpenterNatureCenter.Thiseventnotonlyreconfirmedmy21intheresilience(韧性)ofnaturebutalsoprovidedalotofinspirationformyart.Several22birds,nurturedandcaredforbythedevotedstaffattheRaptorCenter,wereabouttosetoutontheirjourneybackto23.Icouldn’thelpbutreflectonmyown24withtheRaptorCenteryearsago,whenIhadthehonorofreleasingagreatowlintothewild.Thememorykept25meoftheprofoundconnectionthatwesharewiththenaturalworld.Duringtherecentevent,alongsidethebirdrelease,therewerealsoambassador(大使)birdspresent.Thesebirds,26toreturntothewildduetotheirinjuries,27educationalambassadors,enlighteningthe28aboutthewondersofthesegrandcreatures.Itwasduringmyinteractionwithoneoftheseambassadorsthattheseedof29formynewesthawkpaintingwasplanted.Thecomplicateddetailsofitsfeathers,thepiercinggaze,andtheuntamed(未被驯服的)spirit30myimagination,lightingacreativefirewithinme.Theseexperiencesandthecontinuousstudyofwildlifelaythegroundworkformyfuture31.Eachencounterwiththesecreatures,whetherinthewildorinthe32ofdevotedprofessionals,deepensmyunderstandingoftheircore.It33metocapturenotjusttheirphysicalformbutalsotheir34.Asanartist,theseencounterswithwildlifefuelmy35spiritanddeepenmyconnectiontothenaturalworld.21．A．belief B．success C．interest D．progress22．A．marked B．injured C．trapped D．trained23．A．safety B．adventure C．freedom D．independence24．A．deal B．discussion C．encounter D．experiment25．A．informing B．warning C．convincing D．reminding26．A．unwilling B．unable C．unhappy D．unlucky27．A．serveas B．competefor C．turnto D．helpwith28．A．staff B．artists C．public D．hunters29．A．determination B．love C．curiosity D．inspiration30．A．challenged B．limited C．captured D．changed31．A．plans B．choices C．releases D．artworks32．A．care B．presence C．control D．study33．A．persuades B．allows C．forces D．promises34．A．beauty B．spirit C．future D．difference35．A．creative B．free C．adventurous D．optimistic三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式：AccordingtodatafromT,duringthisyear’sNationalDayholiday,peoplehaveflockedtocitiesandattractionsrichinculturalheritage,withastrongtendency36(explore)themescloselyrelatedtoculture.Thefourmost37(search)themeshighlightpeople’sstronginterestin“TravelingwithTextbooks,”popularmuseums,musicfestivalsandstudytours.“TravelingwithTextbooks”meansparentstakingtheirchildrentovisitcitiesorsites38historicaleventsinthetextbookstookplaceorthatarefeaturedintheirschoolmaterials.Forinstance,somehavetraveledtoFenghuangAncientTownincentral39(China)HunanProvinceafterreadingShenCongwen’s“BorderTown,”orvisitedTsinghuaUniversity,inspiredbyrenownedChinesepoetZhuZiqing’s“MoonlightovertheLotusPond.”Additionally,40(tour)hasbeenheavilyinfluencedbyfilmsandvideogames.Forexample,fansoftheTVseries“TotheWonder”41(draw)toAltay,acounty-levelcityinnorthwestXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion,whilesomeexploreShanxiProvince,inspiredbythepopulargame“BlackMyth:Wukong.”Visitstomuseumshavealsoincreasedalot.Forinstance,theSanxingduiMuseuminSichuanProvincerecentlylaunchedthecountry’sfirstimmersiveVRexperienceof42archaeologicalsite,leadingtotickets43(sell)outduringtheholiday.Inrecentyears,astheeconomyandsocietyhaverapidlydeveloped,peoplehaveplaced44(great)emphasisonculturalandspirituallifethanever.Thisshiftintravelpreferencesreflectsa45(grow)appreciationfortraditionalChinesecultureandanincreasingconfidenceinnationalidentity.四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）46．假定你是李华，你认为外教Roy在授课过程中PPT使用不恰当，影响了教学效果。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.说明具体问题；2.提出建议。注意：1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2.不得透露学校、姓名等个人信息。DearRoy,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheSistersLynnsighedasshestruggledtoremoveaspotonhernewT-shirt.Shewasfeelingquiteannoyed.Hersister,Ava,hadcompletelyruinedherniceSaturdaymorning.Couldn’tasuper-busyteenagegirlgetsomerestfromacontinuously-workingweek?Okay,maybeLynnhadpushedAvaontothetable,spilling(洒出来)juicealloverfloor.MaybehermomhadblamedAvaforwhathappenedanddidn’tgiveAvatimetoexplain.Ava,punishedwithoutreason,wasinastormymood.Totakerevenge(报复)onLynn,she“accidentally”spilledabowlofjellyontoLynn,ruiningLynn’snewT-shirt.ButLynnwassureAvagotwhatshedeserved.Justlastweek,AvahadsecretlypouredstickyglueonLynn’sseatinclass.Lynncouldn’thavebeenhappiertoseehersistersuffer.Thischainofrevengehadbeengoingonbetweenthetwogirlseversincetherehadbeentoomuchschoolstress(endlesshomework,mountainoustests,andmanymore)ineighthgrade.Andthentheirmomwasalwaysonherphoneandtakingbusinesstrips,hardlyhavingtimetostaywithherfamily.AsLynnthoughtaboutallthis,shecouldn’thelpfeelingabitthoughtfulandnostalgic(怀旧的),rememberingthetimewhensheandhersisterwerepeaceful,particularlyduringtheirchildhoodgame—ConquertheWorld.Itdidn’tactuallymeantoconquertheworld;instead,itwastheirplayfulchallengetoclimbaprettysteepandhighrockatthebackoftheirhouse.Andwhentheygottothetop,theywouldhave“conqueredtheworld”.Thesistershadn’tactuallymanagedtodothatyet.Theystoppedtryingtoafterawhilesinceitlookedabitstupidforteenagerstoclimbarock.Lynnsighedandgaveuptryingtocleanthejellyonhershirt.Perhaps…itwastimetostophavingaworldwarwithhersister.Shegotupandchangedintoanewshirt.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Lynnknockedonhersister’sdoor.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Therockstillseemedprettyhighandsteepforthesisters.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案【答案】1．A2．C3．D【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个被收入《牛津词典》的新词。【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Kidsin2025findwholesentencesdifficult,sohavedoneawaywithverbsandadjectivescompletelytocommunicateusingjustnouns—viasocialmediaplatforms.Mostparentsdopointoutthatteenagershaveinfactbeencommunicatinginsinglewordsfordecades,sothisdoesn’treallyfeeltoodifferent.(2025年的孩子会发现完整的句子很困难，所以他们已经完全放弃了动词和形容词，只使用名词交流——通过社交媒体平台。大多数父母确实指出，青少年实际上几十年来一直在用单一的词语交流，所以这感觉上并没有太大的不同)”可知，Thinglish出现的主要原因是语言的易用性。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Alsoknownas“starch-enemies”,theseindividualsareoftenmanufacturers(制造商)oflightbulbs,whohaveseentheirmarketsharedecreasesharplyeversinceitwasfoundthatpotatoescouldbeusedtolighthomes,officesandevenstreets.(这些人也被称为“淀粉敌人”，他们通常是灯泡的制造商，自从人们发现土豆可以用来为家庭、办公室甚至街道照明以来，他们的市场份额急剧下降)”可知，灯泡生产商可能被称为“淀粉敌人”。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据第一段“RecentlyOxfordDictionariesreleasedthisyear’slistofnewwordsthatduetopopularusehadmadetheirwayintothedictionary;proofoftheirwidespreadexistence.(最近，《牛津词典》公布了今年因广泛使用而被收入词典的新词名单；证明其广泛存在)”可知，这些词被收录在字典里是因为它们的广泛使用。故选D。【答案】4．A5．B6．A7．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者使用脸书（Facebook）的经历、感受以及最终决定删除脸书账户的原因。【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenIfirstjoinedFacebook,Isawitasacoolwaytokeepintouchwithmyfriendsandfamily.(当我第一次加入Facebook时，我认为这是一种与朋友和家人保持联系的很酷的方式)”可知，作者开始使用Facebook是为了加强联系。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“FacebookalsomademefeelintenseFOMO(FearOfMissingOut),especiallywhenIsawhoweveryoneelsewasdoing.Forexample,Iquitmyjobandstartedmyfirstbusinessatatimewhenmyfriendsweregettingjobpromotions.WhileIknewthatleavingmyjobwastherightlong-termdecision,Iwasalsobrokeatthetime.Combinethatwithothersgettingpayrises,etc.,andyoucanseetheproblemhere.(Facebook也让我产生了强烈的FOMO（害怕错过），尤其是当我看到其他人是怎么做的时候。例如，当我的朋友们升职的时候，我辞去了工作，开始了我的第一次创业。虽然我知道，从长远来看，辞职是正确的决定，但当时我也身无分文。把这一点与其他人加薪等结合起来，你就能看到问题所在了)”可知，注意到与朋友之间的差距让作者产生了FOMO。故选B。6．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“IalsofeltlikeIhadtopostwheneverIdidanythinginteresting.Forexample,ifIwastraveling,IhadtotellmyfriendswhereIwasgoing.SincedeletingFacebook,I’mmuchhappiernotfeelinglikeIneedtoshareallofmylife.(我也觉得只要我做了什么有趣的事情，我就必须发布。例如，如果我要去旅行，我必须告诉我的朋友我要去哪里。自从删除了Facebook后，我更开心了，因为我不需要分享我所有的生活)”可知，作者曾经喜欢在Facebook上分享自己的生活，自从删除了Facebook后，不需要分享所有的生活了，所以作者认为在Facebook上可能犯的最大错误之一是分享生活。故划线词指的是“分享生活”。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“DeletingmyFacebookaccountwasahugedecision,butIcansaywithcertaintythatitwasoneofmybestlong-termdecisions.Ihavebetterrelationshipswiththepeoplewhomatter,andI’mnolongerexposedtoanywherenearasmuchnegativityasIwas.Notoversharingmypersonallifeisalsoahugeadvantage.Isuggestdeletingyouraccountforthreemonthsandseeinghowyoufeelthereafter;ifyouenjoyyourlifeoffline,don’thesitatetopermanentlydeleteit.(删除我的Facebook账户是一个重大的决定，但我可以肯定地说，这是我最好的长期决定之一。我和重要的人有了更好的关系，我也不再像以前那样暴露在任何地方的消极情绪中。不过度分享我的个人生活也是一个巨大的优势。我建议删除你的账户三个月，然后看看你感觉如何；如果你喜欢离线生活，不要犹豫，把它永久删除吧)”以及文章主要讲述了作者使用脸书（Facebook）的经历、感受以及最终决定删除脸书账户的原因。可知，文章的目的是建议戒掉社交媒体。故选C。【答案】8．C9．D10．D11．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了极端天气对农作物价格及供应链的影响。【解析】8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thisyear,we’refacingadifferentconcept.Let’scallit“sogflation.”Ifheatflationreferstopriceincreasesasaresultofextremelyhightemperatures,sogflationisbornoutofextremeprecipitation.(今年，我们面对的是一个不同的概念。我们称之为“水通胀”。如果热通胀指的是极端高温导致的价格上涨，那么极端降水就会导致水通胀)”可知，“sogflation”是由于强降雨造成的。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据第四段“ButlastautumnpoorweatherconditionsforcedharvestingtostopinEuropeafterjustthreeweeks,aswetsoilmeantfarmerscouldn’tgetcropsoutoftheground.(但去年秋天，恶劣的天气条件迫使欧洲的收获仅仅进行了三周就停止了，因为潮湿的土壤意味着农民无法从地里收获庄稼)”可知，糟糕的天气缩短了欧洲土豆的收获期。故选D。10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ButHarryCampbell,amarketanalyst,saidthat,asconsecutive(连续的)yearsofbadweatherpileup,it’sincreasinglyhardtorecoverfromapoorseason.(但市场分析师哈里•坎贝尔表示，随着连续数年恶劣天气的累积，从一个糟糕的季节中恢复越来越困难)”可知，连续恶劣天气对食品供应的影响在于使农作物和相关产业恢复困难。故选D。11．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thisyear,we’refacingadifferentconcept.Let’scallit“sogflation.”Ifheatflationreferstopriceincreasesasaresultofextremelyhightemperatures,sogflationisbornoutofextremeprecipitation.(今年，我们面对的是一个不同的概念。我们称之为“水通胀”。如果热通胀指的是极端高温导致的价格上涨，那么极端降水就会导致水通胀)”以及文章主要讲述了极端天气对农作物价格及供应链的影响。可知，D选项“极端天气和价格上涨”最符合文章标题。故选D。【答案】12．B13．B14．D15．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了浣熊的聪明才智，特别是它们解决问题的能力，并通过劳伦·斯坦顿的研究来展示这一点。【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theraccooncouldsmellcatfoodwithin,but12latched(闩住)narrowdoorsblockedhisentry.(浣熊能闻到里面有猫粮的味道，但12扇闩着的窄门挡住了它的去路)”和第二段中的“SoGreatBasinjumpedonthetopandbegantofiddle(不停摆弄)withthelatchesupsidedown.Hequicklyopenedoneofthedoorsandfilledhisbelly.(于是GreatBasin跳到上面，开始把门闩倒过来拨弄。它很快打开了一扇门，填饱了肚子)”可知，GreatBasin努力摆弄闩锁是为了吃到里面的食物。故选B项。13．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“From2016to2017,LaurenStanton,anecologistwhowasdrawnbyraccoons’quickabilitytoadapttoenvironments,andhercolleaguesplacedsixpuzzleboxesinaresidentialbackyard.(2016年至2017年，生态学家劳伦·斯坦顿和她的同事在住宅后院放置了六个益智盒子，她被浣熊快速适应环境的能力所吸引)”和“Butthescientistsdesignedanewtypeofboxwith24food-filledcompartments(分隔层)ratherthanthetypicalsinglecompartment,givingthemmoredatapointstoseehowraccoonsmightsolvenewproblems.(但科学家们设计了一种新型盒子，里面有24个装满食物的隔层，而不是典型的单个隔层，这为它们提供了更多的数据点，来观察浣熊如何解决新问题)”可知，劳伦·斯坦顿的研究重点是浣熊解决问题的能力。故选B项。14．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Butthescientistsdesignedanewtypeofboxwith24food-filledcompartments(分隔层)ratherthanthetypicalsinglecompartment,givingthemmoredatapointstoseehowraccoonsmightsolvenewproblems.(但科学家们设计了一种新型的盒子，它有24个装满食物的隔间，而不是典型的单个隔间，这给了它们更多的数据点来观察浣熊如何解决新问题)”和第六段中的“In2017,Stanton’steamincreasedthedifficultylevel,introducinganewpuzzlewithfourdifferenttypesoflocks.Again,25%oftheraccoonsweresuccessful,demonstratingflexibilityinproblem-solving.(2017年，斯坦顿的团队提高了难度级别，引入了一个带有四种不同类型锁的新谜题。同样，25%的浣熊成功了，表现出解决问题的灵活性)”可知，劳伦・斯坦顿和她的同事们通过提出越来越具有挑战性的任务来测试浣熊的适应能力。故选D项。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中布莱克·莫顿的话“Thisiswonderfulwhenstudiescomeoutlikethis,becauseitshowsthatwecandothesestudiesinthewild,andweshouldbedoingthem.(这样的研究结果真是太棒了，因为它表明我们可以在野外进行这些研究，而且我们应该这样做)”可知，布莱克·莫顿认为斯坦顿的研究具有科学价值，应该继续进行。故选A项。【答案】16．C17．B18．E19．D20．F【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是身体形象以及应该如何正确看待身体形象。【解析】16．根据上文“Duringyourteenageyears,yourbodygoesthroughmanychanges,andyoumayormaynotlikehowyourbodydevelops.Youstartforminganimageofyourbody.(在青少年时期，你的身体会经历很多变化，你可能喜欢也可能不喜欢你身体的发育方式。你开始形成自己身体的形象)”可知，本句承接上文，解释什么是身体形象。故C选项“简单地说，就是你如何看待、思考和感受自己”符合语境，故选C。17．根据上文“Oneofthemajorcontributorsofanegativebodyimageispeerpressure.Evenifyoudonotthinkyouarebeingbulliedbyyourgroupoffriends,youmaybelaughedatcasuallyaboutyourappearanceoryoumaysimplynoticethattheyseemmore“perfect”thanyou.Thiscanhaveanegativeimpactonyourbodyimage.(负面身体形象的主要原因之一是同伴压力。即使你认为你没有被你的一群朋友欺负，你可能会随意被嘲笑你的外表，或者你可能只是注意到他们看起来比你更“完美”。这会对你的身体形象产生负面影响)”以及后文“Often,anidealbodytypeispromotedheavilyonsocialnetworks.(通常，理想的体型在社交网络上被大力宣传)”可知，后文主要说明了社交网络导致了负面身体形象，B选项中media对应后文socialnetworks。故B选项“另一个主要因素是媒体所展示的内容”符合语境，故选B。18．根据上文“Anegativebodyimageincreasestheriskofunhealthy