大学英语四级模拟试卷880

大学英语四级模拟试卷880

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldClass

AttendanceBeRequired?Youshouldwritealleast120wordsfollowingtheoutline

givenbelow.1.很多大学实行上课点名制出勤2.是否有必要实行这种制度3.自

己的观点

标准答案：ShouldClassAttendanceBeRequired?Requiredclassattendanceisso

commonatcollegesanduniversitiesthatmanyteachersandevenstudentsthemselves

simplyassumeitisagoodthing.Infact,requiredclassattendancedoesmoreharmthan

good.Thereareseveralreasonsthatteachersshouldnotrequireattendance.First,rigid

attendancepoliciesdonotbenefitstudents'studies.Forexample,astudentmayhaveto

giveupalecturewhichhefindsvitaltohisstudiessimplybecausehedarenotrunthe

riskofbeingpenalizedforpoorattendanceinhiscourse.Second,thelecturesofsome

teachersarenotalwaysconstructive.Astudentshouldbeallowedtodecideforhimself

whetheranin-classexperienceisworthwhilewhenhisteachermerelyrepeatsmaterial

fromthetextbookandwastesclasstimebytellingirrelevantstories.Finallyandmost

importantly,thereisnoprovencorrelationbetweenattendanceandperformanceina

course.Astudentmaynevermissasingleattendanceincourse,butwhoknowswhether

ornotheisjustsittingtheredaydreamingallthetime?Requiredclassattendancemay

secure100%attendanceforacourse,butitdocsnotmakesense.Inmyopinion,onone

hand,theclassattendancepriorityshouldbegiventothestudentsandletthemchoose

somecoursesthatarenecessaryfbrtheirstudies.Theteachersshouldtrytomaketheir

classesmoreattractivebyconstantlyimprovingtheiracademiclevelontheother.

知识点解析：这是一篇议论性作文，由题目和提纲可知，这是一个以问句形式出现

的作文题目，需要考生对此进行辩论，到底要不要上课点名。根据写作要求，文章

的结构安排如下：第1段开头段，阐述许多大学都实行上课出勤点名制现象；第

2段中间段，阐述你认为有无必要实行这种制度；第3段结尾段，表明自己对此现

象的态度。

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

WhyWeLaughWestartfindingthingslaughable—ornotlaughable—earlyinlife.An

infantfirstsmilesatapproximatelyeightdaysofage.Manypsychologistsassumethisis

hisfirstsignofsimplepleasure-food,warmthandcomfort.Atsixmonthsorless,（he

infantlaughstoexpresscomplexpleasures-suchasthelightofMother'ssmilingface.

Betweentheagesofsixmonthsandoneyear,thebabylearnstolaughforessentiallythe

samereasonshewilllaughthroughouthislife,saysDr.JacobLevine,associateprofessor

ofpsychologyatYaleUniversity.Dr.Levinesaysthatpeoplelaughtoexpressmastery

overananxiety.Picturewhathappenswhenafatherthrowshischildintotheair.The

childwillprobablylaugh-butnotthefirsttime.Inspiteofhisenjoymentof"flying",he

istooanxioustolaugh.HowdoesheknowDaddywillcatchhim?Oncethechildrealizes

hewillbecaught,heisfreetoenjoythegame.Butmoreimportantly,saysDr.Levine,

thechildlaughsbecausehehasmasteredananxiety.Adultlaughterismoresubtle,but

wealsolaughatwhatweusedtofear.Thefeelingofachievement,orlackofit,remainsa

crucialfactor.Givingafirstdinnerpartyisananxiouseventforanewbride.Willthe

foodbegood?Willtheguestsgetalong?Willshebeagoodhostess?Willtheknivesand

forks,cupsandsaucersbeallright?Allgoeswell;thepartyisover.Nowshelaughs

freely.Herpleasurefromhavingprovedhersuccessisthefoundationforherpleasurein

recallingtheeveningactivities.Shecouldn'tenjoythesecondpleasurewithoutthefirst,

moreimportantone—hermasteryofanxiety.Laughterisasocialresponsetriggeredby

cues.Scientistshavenotdeterminedabraincenterforlaughter,andtheyareperplexedby

patientswithcertaintypesofbraindamagewhogointolaughingfitsfornoapparent

reason.Therestofusrequirecompany,andareasontolaugh.Whenwcfindourselves

aloneinahumoroussituation,ourusualresponseistosmile.Isn'tithuethatourhighest

complimenttoahumorousbookistosaythat"itmademelaughoutofloud'1?Ofcourse,

wedooccasionallylaughalone;butwhenwedo,weare,inasense,socializingwith

ourselves.Welaughatamemory,oratapartofourselves.Ofcourse,wedon'talways

needajoketomakeuslaugh.Peoplewhosurvivefrighteningsituations,suchasafireor

anemergencyplanelanding,frequentlyrelatetheirstoryofthecrisiswithlaughter.Part

ofthelaughterexpressreliefthateverythingisnowallright.Duringacrisis,definitely,

everyonemobilizesenergytodealwiththepotentialproblem.Ifthedangerisavoided,

weneedtoreleasethatenergy.Somepeoplecry;otherslaugh.Whenwearemadethe

targetofajoke,eitheronapersonalorimpersonallevel,weareemotionallyinvolvedin

it.Consequently,wewon'tbeabletolaugh.Knowingthatlaughterbluntsemotion,v/e

canbetterunderstandwhywesometimeslaughwhennothingisfunny.Welaughduring

momentsofanxietybecausewefeelnomasteryoverthesituation,claimsDr.Levine.He

explains,"veryoftencompulsivelaughterisalearnedresponse.Ifwelaugh,itexpresses

goodfeelingsandthefactthatwcarcabletocope.Whenwc'rcinasituationinwhichwe

can'tcope,welaughtoreassureourselvesthatwecan!"Howoftenhavewelaughedata

funeraloruponhearingbadnews?Welaughtodenyanunendurablerealityuntilweare

strongenoughtoaccepti(.Laughteralsobreaksourtension.However,wemayalsobe

laughingtoexpressreliefthatthetragedydidn'thappentous.Welaughbeforegivinga

bigparty,beforedeliveringaspeech,orwhilegettingatrafficticket,tosay,"Thisisn't

botheringme.See?Iamlaughing."Butifwesometimeslaughinsorrow,moreoftenwe

laughwithjoy.Laughtercreatesandstrengthensoursocialbonds.Andtheabilityto

sharealaughhasguidedmanymarriagesthroughhardperiodsofadjustment.Howcould

wemanagealifewiththeabsenceoflaugh?AccordingtoDr.Levine,wecanmeasure

ouradjustmenttotheworldbyourcapacitytolaugh.Whenwearesecureaboutour

abilities,wecanlaughatthedefectsofourowncharacter.Ifwecanlaughthroughour

anxieties,wewillnotbeoverpoweredbythem.Theabilitytolaughstartsearly,butit

takesalifetimetoperfect.SaysDr.Grotjahn,"whensocialrelationshipsaremastered,

whentheindividualhasmastered...apeacefulrelationshipwithhimself,thenhehas...the

senseofhumor."Andthenhecanthrowbackhisheadandlaugh.Bothinfantsandadults

laughforthesamereasons.

2、Givingyourfirstdinnerpartyisasourceoflaughter.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第三段可知本题正确

3、Thecuesthattriggerlaughterhavebeenstudiedbyscientists.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：相关信息定位在第四段，本陈述错误

4、Ordinarypeoplelaughalotwhentheyarealone.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第五段似乎提到了当人们独处的时候的状态，但是本句的意思显然不

是文中的意思，所以未提及

5、Ifyouescapefromadangeroussituationyoumightcry.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第六段第二句"Peoplewhosurvivefrighteningsituations,suchasa

fireoranemergencyplanelanding,frequentlyrelatetheirstoryofthecrisiswith

laughter.”可知本陈述不正确

6、Whensomeonemakesajokeaboutusweareabletosharetojoke.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案；A

知识点解析：根据第七段的陈述可知本题正确

7、Funeralsareagoodsourceofjokes.

A、Y

B、N

知识点解析：W:Howdoyoufeelabouttheoraltest?M:Icouldn'tfeelbetteraboutit.

Allofthequestionsarewithinmyexpectation.Q:Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthetest?

14、

A^It'stoohigh.

B、It,sacceptable.

C、It'scheapindeed.

D、Thewomanshouldhavebargainedforit.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:W:Ispent$50onthissofa.Doyouihinkiiisworthwhile?M:Well,I

thinkyou'vegotarealbargain.Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheprice?

15、

A、Attwoo'clock.

Atthreeo'clock.

C、Atfburo'clock.

D^Atfiveo'clock.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：W:Iheardthefirebrokeoutattwointhemorning.M:That'sright.Andit

tookthefiremanthreehourstoputitout.Q:Whenwasthefireputout?

16、

A、Shopassistantandcustomer.

B、Postclerkandcustomer.

C^Storekeeperandcustomer.

D、Waitressandcustomer.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：M:Excuseme,I'dliketosendaregistrationlettertoHouston,Texas.

Howmuchisthepostage?W:Letmecheck.It'sadollarand55cents.Q:Whatisthe

probablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

17、

A、Toparkthecar.

B、Totakepictures.

C、Totakehertothepark.

D、Tohavealookatthesight.

标准答案：A

知识点解析:W:John,thereisareallygoodviewoutthere.M:Sorry,honey.Ican't

stophere.There'snowheretopark.Q:Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

18、

A、Hisgirlfriendcomplainedofhisgoingtothepartywithouther.

B、Hewastogetherwithhergirlfriendyesterday.

C、Hehasbeenbusydatinghisgirlfriendthesedays.

D^Hebroughthisgirlfriendtotheparty.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：W:Jack,IexpectedtoseeyouatSam'sbirthdaypartyyesterdaybutyou

wereabsent.M:Ihadtodatemygirlfriend.Ihavebeenterriblybusythesedays.You

know,sheiscomplaining.Q:Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

19、

A、Sheregrettedhavingboughtthesecond-handear.

B、Itisunnecessarytorentanotherhouse.

C^Theyshouldselltheirsecond-handcarandbuyanewone.

D、Theycanaffordasecond-handcar.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：M:Tmfedupwiththenoisyenvironmenthere.Isupposeweshouldrenta

housewithbetterenvironment,butIdon'tseehowwecanafforditrightnow.W:Ifonly

wchadn'tboughtthesecond-handcar!Q:Whatdocsthewomanmean?

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共2题，每题7.0

分，共2分。）

20、

A、Useoflibraryfacilities.

B、Libraryregulations.

C、Librarypersonnel.

D、Locationofthelibrary.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Bookpublishers.

B、Librarians.

C^Returningfacultymembers.

D>Newuniversitystudents.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题

分，共4分。）

22、

A、Heart,bloodpressure,tongueandchest.

B、Tongue,eyes,bloodpressureandkings.

C^Pulse,heart,lungsandabdomen.

D、Heart,pulse,bloodpressureandchest.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

23、

A、Aseverecough.

B>Hishighbloodpressure.

C、Thehitonthenose.

D、Thepressureofhiswork.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

ANHeisafraidofgettingstrokesandheartattacks.

B、Heisanxioustogobacktowork.

C、Hedoesn'twanttobehospitalized.

D、Hislungshurtwhilecoughing.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

A、Tostayinbedforaweek.

B、TohaveaskullX-ray.

C>Togoonasnormal.

D、Tobehospitalized.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

26、

A、Threeminutes.

B、Twominutes.

C、Oneminute.

D、Fiveminutes.

标准答案：A

知识点解析:细节题。第一段提到:ittakesthreewholeminutesforthecrowdof

runnersjusttocrossthesiartingline即在最近的比赛中，全部选手都越过起跑线需要

3分钟的时间。所以选A。

27、

A、Towinacompetition.

B、Tobreakarecord.

C、Todeliverthenewscfvictory.

D、Towinthefirstprize.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。见第二段.HeranfromMarathontoAthenstodeliverthenews

ofthegreatvictory2,500yearsago.（2500年前他从马拉松跑到雅典去传递胜利的

消息。）由此可知，是为了传达胜利的消息。A是说去赢得比赛；B是说去打破记

录；D是说为了第一名,所以选C。

28、

A^Becauseheisoverthefellowrunners.

B、Becauseheisoverformerrunners.

C、Becauseheisoverhisownbody.

D^Becausehewinstheprize.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:判断推理题。见第二段,Therealvictoryisnotoverone'sfellow

runners,butoverone'sownbody.（真正的胜利不是战胜对手，而是战胜自己。）A

是说因为他赢了其他的选手;B是说他赢了以前的选手；D是说他得到了第一名。

所以选C。

29、

A、Theincreaseindrivingoffences.

B、Theincreaseinprofessionalgangs.

C、Theincreaseincarstealing.

D、Theincreaseincarowners.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：短文的第一句话便是"Therecentincreaseincarstealing…”开篇点明短

文的内容。此题的提问是："Whalareihepolicealarmedal?"正与第一句内容相符，

故此题C为正确答案。即使漏听了第一句，从短文的主要内容是讲有关汽车失窃

和如何预防的问题，仍能选出正确答案。

30、

A、Parkedontheroadsideatnight.

B、Twentymilesaway.

C、InSouth-wellPark.

D、Intherichresidentialarea.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：我们先后听到下列有关地点的句子："…theftshavetakenplaceinthe

richresidentialareasroundSouth-wellPark."H...onlyonehasbeenfoundabandonedin

Rocking-hillPalaceroadtwentymilesaway"以及"...thegangfinditeasierto...thaninto

lockedcars,parkedontheroad-sideindaytimeoratnighl"从中可判断汽车失窃事件多

发生在C、D所表明的场所，而被找到的车子则与A项有关。此题的提问是：

"Wherewasonecarfound?",答案为B。

31、

A^Tolockupiheirgaragesainight.

B、Toleavetheircarsinthegaragesunlocked.

C、Tolockuptheircarsevenwhentheyarekeptinlockedgarage.

D^Toparktheircarsontheroadsideinsteadofinthegarage.

标准答案：C

知识点”析：四题根据常识，可先排除B、D；再根据所听的内容能断定C为正确

答案。短文最后一句："Theyadvicecarownertolockuptheircarsevenwhentheyare

keptinlockedgarages"更是证实了C为正确选项。

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

32、

A、ThedecreasingcirculationofAmericannewspapers.

B、TheinvestigationonAmericannewspapers.

C、ThefalsecirculationreportsofAmericannewspapers.

D、ThepunishmentonAmericannewspapers.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

33、

A^Governmentalfund.

B、Readers'payments.

C、Advertisers*payments.

D^Moneyprovidedbytheprivatecompanies.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、LosAngelesTimesandtheChicagoTribune.

NewsdayandDallasMorningNews.

C、LosAngelesTimesandHey.

D、DallasMorningNewsandChicagoTribune.

标准答案：B''

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、

A、Twenty-threemilliondollars.

B、Fourmilliondollars.

C、Amilliondollars.

D、Hundredsofmillionsofdollars.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题分，共

〃分。）

Ifyouweretostoppeopleinthestreetandaskthemtonameashipthathadbeensunk,it

islikelythatnearlyallofthemwouldsaytheTitanic.Forthe[Bl]ofthe

Titanicwas,ifnotthemost[B2],certainlythemostfamousseadisasterinthe

historyofocean[B3].TheTitanicwasbuiltasaluxuryliner,intendedtobethe

fastestintheworld,andagreatdealofpublicityhad[B4]it.Thelastpoint

probablyexplainswhysomanyimportantpeoplefromall[B5]oflifewereon

theboatwhenitwentdown.TheTitanicwasonitsmaiden[B6]toAmericain

1921whenit[B7]anicebergandsunk.Ofits2,200passengers,morethantwo-

thirdweredrowned.BecausetheTitanicwasthoughttobe[B8]unsinkable,no

onewaspreparedfbrthetragedy.[B9].Therewasasevereshortageof

lifeboatsandthosethatwerelaunchedwerestillhalf-empty.Theonepointofcalmv/as

tobefoundintheballroomwherethebandcarriedonplayingrighttotheveryend.

[BIO].Inaddition,oneshipwasonlytenmilesaway,butdidnotreceivethe

distresscall.Onegoodthingdid,however,resultfromthedisaster.[BlI].

36、[Bl]

标准答案：sinking

知识点解析：暂无解析

37、[B2]

标准答案：tragic

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B3]

标准答案：travel

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B4]

标准答案：surrounded

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B5]

标准答案：walks

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B6]

标准答案：voyage

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B7]

标准答案：struck

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B8]

标准答案：virtually

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B9]

标准答案：Therewastotalpanicasveryfewofthepassengershadbotheredtolearnthe

necessarydrillintheeventoftrouble.

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[BIO]

标准答案：WhatmakesthesinkingoftheTitanicevenmoretragicisthefactthat

warningsoficebergshadbeensent,yetthelinerwasstillcontinuingatfullspeed.

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[Bll]

标准答案：Thewholequestionofsafetyatseawaslookedinto,resultinginmuchbetter

safetymeasures,includingstricterlifeboatregulationsandtheestablishmentofan

icebergpatrol.

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（选词填空）（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

10分。）

Thelifeofthecowboywasnotalways,ofcourse,asromanticasHollywoodshowedil.It

wasoften[SI]hard.Thecowboyhadto[S2]hisherdfromthe

dangersof[S3]animalsandthieves,fromsnowstorms,toniadocs（龙卷风），

anddesertsunstroke（中暑）.He[S4]brokenbonesandbeingkickedor

draggedtodeath.Heoftenhadnocompanionbuthishorseduringdaysandnightsof

lonelykeeping[S5]ofhisherd.Andyethisprincipleofliving,which

permittedakindofroughandtoughmanner,allowednocomplaining.Thecowboywas

[S6]apersonwhohadgreatself-control,whocould[S7]painand

discomfortwithoutcomplaintandwasveryproud,"anaristocrat（贵族）amongthe

workingmenoftheOldWest."Today'scowboyhasbeenmodernized.Hisfaithful

companionandmostvaluabletool,[S8],hasbeenreplacedbytheautomobile,

thejeep,eventheairplane;hiswayof[S9]hasbeensimplified,replacedby

bluejeansandnylonshirts.Buihisiraditional[S10]isstillbeingpreserved.In

folkfestivalsthroughoutthewest,adventure-seekerscanstillthrilltothespectacleand

dangersofsaddlingwildhorses,ridingbareback,ropingandwrestlingbulls.WordBank:

A.riskedI.preserveB.bitterlyJ.wildC.noticeK.strangelyD.seldomL.protectE.

horseM.watchF.dressingN.alwaysG.bearO.livingH.image

47、[SI]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：hard是形容词，前面要用副词来修饰，D、K两项均为副词，那么从

句意上判断，牛仔的生活并不像好莱坞电影展现的那样浪漫，他们的生活通常是相

当辛苦的，bitterly苦涩地，非常，修饰hard贴切。strangely奇怪的，不符合应排

除。

48、[S2]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：这里主要表达牛仔必须保护好他的牛群，因此应选protect,

protect...from...保护，符合句意,这里应区分preserve...from…为保存的意义。

49、[S3]

标准答案：J

知识点解析；这里讲牛仔保护他的牛群，自然是免遭野兽之袭击，wikianimal表示

野兽，所以应选J。

50、[S4]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：上文说明了牛仔要在各种危险的情况下保护他的牛群，下文应是他冒

着断骨的危险，冒着被踢或拖拉至死的危险，risk+sth./doing表示“冒着...危

险”，所以A项符合句意。

51、[S5]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：句意为他没有伙伴，除了坐骑。日夜地守着他自己的牛群。keep

watchof为“照看”之意，与句意符合，notice是注意到，没有照看之意，所以M为

正确选项。

52、[S6]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：此空应填入副词，N、D两项都可以，但从句意上分析，前面文章叙

述了牛仔的优秀品质，虽然痛苦却无怨言，所以此处可排除否定意选项，所以N

为正确选项。

53、[S7]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：根据句意，这里很明显应填bear,bearpain忍受痛苦。

54、[S8]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：前面文章提到“Heoftenhadnocompanionbuthishorse...”可知，这里

应填horse,此处为主语的同位语，使句意比较完整和通顺。

55、[S9]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：后半句为被牛仔裤和尼龙衬衣所代替，可知前面所指的应该是牛仔的

“服饰”被简单化了，所以应填dressing。

56、[S10]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：tradilional为形容词，后面应接名词，Iraditionalimage表示传统形

象，符合句意。句意为：但是牛仔的传统形象被保留着。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共10分。）

Japanisgoingthroughacomplexnationalidentitycrisis.Thatmaybenobadthing,says

anewbookbyanAmericanresearcher.Theeconomyisceasedmakingprogress,butthe

societyisinmotion.Japanisadifficultcountrytoreportonandanalyzebecausethings

donotchangeinbig,noticeableways.Theychangeinanincreasingprocess,generallyof

smallstepsbutwhich,overtime,canadduptobigmovements.Andjustsuchabig

movementseemstobetakingplace.Mr.NathanhasbeenobservingJapansincethe

1960s.Whereasmostpeoplelookateconomicdataorthecomingsandgoingsofprime

ministers,heismoreinterestedinschools,novels,comicbooks,andthemindsofyoung

entrepreneursandmaverick（持不同意见的）localpoliticians.Inparticular,hisfocusis

onwhetherJapan'sfamouslycohesive,conformistsocietymaybebreakingunderthe

strainofeconomicstagnation（停滞）,andonhowsuchstrainshavebeenaffectingthe

country'ssenseofpurposeandofnationalidentity.Fracturesarcwhathelooksforand

fracturesarewhathefinds.Onbalance,theyareneitherobviouslydangerousnor

obviouslypositive,buttheyare,ashesays,signsofmotionwhichcould,intime,leadin

unpredictabledirections.Themostworryingfractureshewritesaboutareintheschools

whereviolenceandtruancy（逃学）haverisenremarkably.OldJapanhandsshrugwearily

atsuchthings,forworriesaboutbullying（暴力行为）havelongexistedbuthavenever

reallyseemedterriblyserious.Now,though,Mr.Nathan'snumbersdomakethesituation

lookgrave.Suchtrendsappeartobesymptomsoftworelatedphenomena:awidespread

feelingofdisillusionment,alienation,uncertaintyorplainanger,whichhasspreadto

children,too;andagradualbreakdownofoldsystemsofdiscipline-partfamilial,part

social,partlegalwhich,appeartopreventschoolsandparentsfromdealingeffectively

witherrantchildren.Japanis,inshort,passingthroughanationalidentitycrisis.

However,thereareplentyofpositiveaspectstoit,too.Oneisaconsiderableincreasein

thenumberofactualorbuddingyoungentrepreneurs.Thenumbersremainmodest,but

areneverthelesssurprisinglyhighgiventhestateoftheeconomyinrecentyears.Another

isaneweagernessamongpopularwritersandmaverickpoliticianstotrytodefineand

encourageanewnationalpride.

57、WhatcanwelearnaboutthesocialchangesinJapanesesociety?

A^Theyarealwaysaccompaniedbyanationalidentitycrisis.

Theyoftenhappeninlargescalebutendupinsmalleffect.

C、Theyoftentakeplacesimplywhileresultinginhugeaccumulativeconsequences.

D、Theyoftentakeplacewithoutbeinganalyzedandreportedbecauseoftheir

complexity.

标准答案；C

知识点解析：推理判断题。该句说，其实很难报道日本和分析日本，因为在日本，

事情不是以大规模以及人们可以注意得到的方式发生变化的。下文还说，日本变化

采取渐进式，最后也会有很大的变动。由此推知，C“通常不起眼地发生，但也会

因累积而产生巨大的后果''与之符合，故为正确答案。

58、Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat.

A、Japanisgoingthroughaseriouspoliticalinstability

B、amotionlesseconomymighthaveanegativeinfluenceonsociety

C>severementalstrainisaffectingmostpeopleinJapan

D、jobpressurecausedmanypeopletosufferfromabreak

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。由原文第二段中“他的研究重心尤其放在……日本社会

是否在经济停滞的压力下产生裂痕，以及这种压力是怎样影响国家的宗旨和国家特

征的“可知，Nathan要研究的就是日本经济停滞是否造成社会裂痕。故B“停滞的经

济可能对社会产生消极影响”与文意相符，为正确答案。

59^HowaretheschoolviolenceandtruancyinJapan?

A、TheyaretiringJapaneseparentsupforalongtime.

BNTheyarenotasseriousasmostJapanesehaveimagined.

C、Theyarequicklyontheincreaseespeciallyinrecentyears.

D、TheyareobviouslyendangeringthesafetyofJapanesestudents.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。该句说，虽然他们担心这种暴力已经很长时间了，但是

好像从来没有非常严重过。第四句中的。IdJapanhands指的是日本的上一代人，也

就是家长们。第四句提到，日本家长疲惫地耸耸肩，证明这种长时间的担心让他们

精疲力竭。故A”使日本家长们疲惫很久了”与之相符，为正确答案。

60、What'sthereasonbehindschoolviolenceandtruancyinJapan?

A、Schoolsandparentsdonotwanttohandleerrantchildreneffectively.

B、Economicceasehasreducedparents?timetocomiTiunicatewiththeirchildren.

C^Youthsviolenceiswide-spreadamongstudentsandtheyfinditexciting.

D、Childrenarcinfluencedbyproblemsintheadultworldandrulesarcnotstrict

enough.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：综合推断题。原文第四段提到这种趋势是两个现象的表征，由此推

知，趋势背后的原因就是这两个现象，一个是广泛的社会问题也在孩子身上得以体

现，一个是古老的约束机制的瓦解。由此可知，成人的问题影响了孩子，而且规则

也不够严格了。故D为正确答案。

61、Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

AxThecountrycanbenefitnothingfromthenationalidentifycrisis.

TheJapaneseeconomyinrecentyearsisnotverygood.

C、Lotsofyoungworkerswerefiredforthenationalidentitycrisis.

D、WritersandpoliticiansinJapangaveanironicdescriptiontothecrisis.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：综合推断题。由原文末段”数量虽然不多，但是和国家最近几年的经

济状况对比来看还是大得惊人的''可以推知，日本近几年国内的经济状况并不乐

观，故B正确。

ToErrIsHumanEveryonemusthavehadatleastonepersonalexperiencewitha

computererrorbythistime.Bankbalancesaresuddenlyreportedtohavejumpedfrom

$379intothemillions,appealsforcharitablecontributionsarcmailedoverandoverto

peoplewithcrazysoundingnamesatyouraddress,departmentstoressendthewrong

bills,utilitycompanieswritethatthey'returningeverythingoff,thatsortofthing.Ifyou

managetogetintouchwithsomeoneandcomplain,youthengetinstantaneouslytyped,

guiltylettersfromthesamecomputer,saying,"Ourcomputerwasinerror,andan

adjustmentisbeingmadeinyouraccount."Thesearesupposedtobethesheerest,

blindestaccidents.Mistakesarcnotbelievedtobethenormalbehaviorofagood

machine.Ifthingsgowrong,itmustbeapersonal,humanerror,theresultoffingering,

tamperingabuttongettingstuck,someonehittingthewrongkey.Thecomputer,atits

normalbest,isinfallible.Iwonderwhetherthiscanbetrue.Afterall,thewholepointof

computersisthattheyrepresentanextensionofthehumanbrain,vastlyimprovedupon

butnonethelesshuman,superhumanmaybe.Agoodcomputercanthinkclearlyand

quicklyenoughtobeatyouatchess,andsomeofthemhaveevenbeenprogrammedto

writeobscureverse.Theycandoanythingwccando,andmorebesides.Itisnotyet

knownwhetheracomputerhasitsownconsciousness,anditwouldbehardtofindout

aboutthis.Whenyouwalkintooneofthosegreatballsnowbuiltforthehugemachines,

andstandinglistening,itiseasytoimaginethatthefaint,distantnoisearcthesoundof

thinking,andtheturningofthespoolsgivesthemthelookofwildcreaturesrollingtheir

eyesintheefforttoconcentrate,chokingwithinformation.Butrealthinking,and

dreaming,areothermatters.Ontheotherhand,theevidenceofsomethinglikean

unconscious,equivalenttoours,areallaround,ineverymail.Asextensionsofthehuman

brain,theyhavebeenconstructedthesamepropertyoferror,spontaneous,uncontrolled,

andrichinpossibilities.

62、Thetitleofthewriting"ToEITISHuman"impliesthat.

makingmistakesisconfinedonlytohumanbeings

B、everyhumanbeingcannotavoidmakingmistakes

C、allhumanbeingsarealwaysmakingmistakes

D^everyhumanbeingisborntomakebadmistakes

标准答案：B

知识点解析：综合理解题。计算机时常出错，文章通过寻找原因，认为人类是制造

错误的罪魁祸首。

63、Thefirstparagraphimpliesthat.

A、computererrorsaresoobviousthatonecanhardlypreventthemfromhappening

acomputerissocapableofmakingerrorsthatnoneofthemisavoidable

C、computersmakesucherrorsasmiscalculationandinaccuratereporting

D、computerscan'tthinksotheirerrorsarenaturalandunavoidable

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干找到第一段，第一段的中心句是第一句，所以

要理解第一句话的含义，“迄今为止每个人一定至少遭遇过一次计算机出错的经

历“，也就是说没有人能避免计算机犯错误，由此可知选项A正确。

64、Theauthoruseshishypothesisthat"computersrepresentanextensionofthehuman

brain"inordertoindicatethat.

A、humanbeingsarenotinfallible,norarecomputers

B、computersarcboundtomakeasmanyerrorsashumanbeings

C、errorsmadebycomputerscanbeavoidedthesameashumanmistakescanbe

avoided

D、computersaremadebyhumanbeingsandsoaretheirerrors

标准答案：A

知识点解析：原因目的题。理解好定位的句子，“t-算机是不会犯错的”，作者表示

了怀疑，因为计算机是人脑的延伸，人犯错或计算机犯错都是不可避免的。

65、Therhetorictheauthoremployedinwritingthethirdparagraph,especiallythe

sentence"Agoodcomputercanthinkclearlyandquicklyenoughtobeatyouatchess..."

isusuallyreferredtoinwritingas.

climax

B、personification

C、hyperbole

D^onomatopoeia

标准答案：C

知识点解析：语义理解题。这是对英语中修辞手段的考查，必须清楚各种修辞的含

义和用法。”计算机能清晰且迅速地思考以致于可以在下棋时把你打败很明显这

是夸张手法，故选C。

66、Theauthorcomparedthefaintanddistantsoundofthecomputertothesoundof

thinkingandregardeditastheproductof