大学英语四级模拟试卷321

大学英语四级模拟试卷321

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

I、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteJobProblemsforCollege

Graduates.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowin

Chinese.1.目前大学生找工作的状况。2.存在这种状况的原因。3.我们应该采取

什么措施。

标准答案：JobProblemsforCollegeGraduatesNowadays,collegegraduatesfindit

moreandmoredifficulttogetarewardingjob,andworstofall,manyofthemcan'tfind

jobsintheirspecialties.Butwhydoesthattakeplace?Thepossiblereasonsareas

follows.Firstly,whatthestudentshavelearnedincollegesoruniversitiescan'tmeetthe

demandofthedevelopmentofindustries.Foranother,thestudentshaven'tbeentaught

howtocombinethetheorywithpractice.Secondly,it'shardtomakeachoicebetweena

well-paidjobandafavoriteone.Somegraduatesmaygiveuptheirmajorsorpursuitonly

toseekmoremoney.Thirdly,there'sanoversupplyofgraduatesincertainfieldsandthis

supplyisstillincreasingnow.Moststudentstendtochoosesuchmajors,whichthey

thinksocietyneedsandwillofferthembetterjobprospects.Asaresult,manyofthem

failtoentertheprofessionforwhichtheyaretrained.Tosolvetheproblems,weshould

getthestudentsoutofivorytowertogeartheircoursestotheneedsofindustriesand

business,andhelpstudentsseekawayoflivingamoresignificantlife.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

MakeaMummyTombIntroductionAncientEgyptiansbelievedinlifeafterdeath.

WealthyEgyptiansmadecarefulpreparationsfortheirdeadbymummifyingtheirbodies

andprovidingthemwithtombssuppliedwithequipment,food,clothing,ornaments,

furniture,statuesofgods,andworkers-everythingtheywouldneedintheirnewlives.

MakeareplicaofanEgyptiantombcompletewithamummycase,wallpaintings,and

treasuresforfunorasagroupproject.Orchoosetomakejustonetombtreasureorawall

painting.EachpartofthisTryThis!isaprojectinitself.Beforeyoubegin,consultbooks

aboutancientEgypttogetideasaboutwhattombswerelikeandwhattreasurestheyheld.

MakeanEgyptiantombmodelByturningareciangular（长方形的）boxonitsside,you

cancreateamodeltomb.You'llneedtodecoratethethreeinteriorwallswithpaintings.

AncientEgyptiansoftenpaintedtombswithscenesofdailylife-dancing,hunting,

playing,feasting,andworking-andthejourneyintotheafterlife.YOUWILLNEED

booksaboutancientEgyptcardboardwoodenboxthatmeasuresatleast12to14inches

（30to36centimeters）longand9to10inches（23to25centimeters）widerulerpencil

drawingpaperwatercolorpaintsorfelt-tipmarkersfine-tippedpaintbrushwhiteglue

OPTIONALonecup(230milliliters)flour2/3cup(156milliliters)waterlargebowl

spoonstripsofnewspaperHere'sHow1.Findacardboardorwoodenboxandturniton

itsside.Thebottomoftheboxwillformthelongback"wall"ofyourtomb.Tearoffany

flaps.Thenmeasurethev/allsofyourtomb.2.Cutpiecesofdrawingpapertofitthe

threedifferentwallsofyourtomb.3.Makeagridofsquaresacrosseachsheetwitha

ruler.Egyptiandraftsmenscoredtombwalksinagridpatternbeforeartistsstarted

drawing.Thishelpedtheartistscomposetheirworkandmakeitexact.4.Oneachsheet

drawyourpictureandusethegridtohelpyouformrowsofhieroglyphs(象形文字).

5.Eraseextralinesthatdon'tformpartofyourdrawing,andthenpaintyourscene.Let

yourpaintingdry.6,Optional:Mixtheflourandwatertogetherinabowl.Dipthe

newspaperstripsintothemixandaddonelayeraroundtheoutsidetopandsidesofyour

box.Letthisdry.Thenpainttheoutsideofyourboxasandycolor.Thewalls'roughness

willmakeitlooklikeyourtombwasformedfromreek.7.Onceyourboxisdry,glue

yourdrawingstothewallsofyourtomb.MakeamummycaseAmummywasoften

placedinoneormoremummycasestohelpprotectit.Sometimesmummycaseswere

placedintosarcophaguses(石棺).Thecasesdisplayedaportraitofthedeadperson,

imagesofEgyptiangods,andhieroglyphicwriting.Makeoneforyourmodeltomb.YOU

WILLNEEDbooksaboutancientEgyptandNewKingdommummycasespencilsheet

ofcardboardscissorsmaskingtapeonecup(230milliliters)flour2/3cup(156milliliters)

waterlargebowlspoontwoorthreesheetsofwhitepapertowelswhitegluepaintbrushes

acrylic(丙烯酸的)paintsHint:Dothisprojectinstagesoverthreeorfourdays.Allow

timeforthepapier-machetodrycompletely.Here*sHowI.Printpatternscreensoneand

two.Cuttheshapesout.Youshouldhavealid,abottom,andtwonarrowstripsthatwill

bethesidesofthecase.2.Takeeachpatternpieceandplaceit,onapieceofcardboard.

Tracearoundeachshapewithapencil.Thencutthecardboardshapesout.Ifyouneed

help,askanadult.3.Ifyoudon'twanttoworkwithpapier-macheyoucanmakea

simplermummycasebyskippingtoStep7.4.Tapethecardboardstripstothebaseof

thecase.5.CutthepapertowelsheetsintoshortnarrowstripsaboutIinch(2.5

centimeters)long.6.Mixtheflourandwatertogetherinabowl.Seedirectionsfor

papier-mache.Gluethelidpatterntothecardboardlid.Thenshapeareasofthefaceand

feetbydippingthepapertowelstripsinthepapier-machemixandmoldingthemonthe

lid.Makesureyoucoverallareasofyourcasewithatleastonelayerofstrips.7.Let

yourcasedryfortwoorthreedays.Asthelidhardens,benditslightlysothatitstaysflat.

8.Oncethehalvesofthemummycasearedry,paintthemalloverwithwhiteglue.Let

themdrytoaglossysheen.9.Paintaportraitonyourmummycase.Addhieroglyphs,

magicsymbols,andpicturesofEgyptiangods.Lookatbooksforinspiration.Makesome

tombtreasuresYOUWILLNEEDbooksaboutancientEgyptclay,store-bought

modelingcompound,orhomemademodelingcompoundacrylicpaintsfine-tipped

paintbrushHint:Tomakesomeobjects,youmayneedadditionalmaterials:scrapsof

whiteclothforasail,tinypiecesofpaperforpapyrusmils,threadforboat'srigging.You

canmakejewelrywithtinybeadsandwireorthread.Smallplasticfigurinesthatyoufind

aroundyourhousecanbetransformedintoEgyptianstatuesofgodsoranimalsby

applyingmoldingcompoundandsculptingfeatures.Here'sHow1.Lookthroughbooks

aboutancientEgypttombfurnishingsforobjectsyouwouldliketocreate.Booksand

WebsitesaboutTutankhamun'stombwillbeespeciallyuseful.Robbersransackedmost

Egyptiantombsinancienttimes,butKingTutankhamun'stombisremarkablebecauseit

wasdiscoveredmostlyin:act.Thetombcontainedhundredsofobjects,includingfood,

clothing,furniture,chariots,baskets,weapons,musicalinstruments,statues,jewelry,

tools,lamps,mummies,writingequipment,andmore.Checkoutourslideshowfor

ideas.HerearesomefurnishingsthatcouldbefoundineitherMiddleKingdomorNew

Kingdomtombs.2.Usemodelingcompoundorclaytomakeafewobjects.3.Whentile

objectsaredry,paintthem,andputtheminyourmodeltomb.NowyourEgyptiantomb

iscomplete.

2、Fromthisarticle,wecanlearnthatitisteachingushowtobuildanoldEgyptian

building.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题在问“本文是在教我们如何建造古埃及建筑''这一表述是否正确。

根据文章题目和文中的小标题可以清楚地看出这篇文章是在教我们如何建造一个古

埃及的木乃伊坟墓。

3、AncientEgyptiansmummifytheirdeadbodiesandprovidethemwithtombswithall

thedailynecessities,fortheythinktheywouldrestarttheirlivesinthetomb.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题在问“古代埃及人把他们的尸体做成木乃伊，并在坟墓中放入所

有日常用品，因为他们相信他们将在此处重新开始生活”这一表述是否正确。根据

文章INTRODUCTION一部分中的第1段判断此表述是正确的。

4、Ifyouwanttomakeacompletemummytomb,thereshouldbethreemainsteps.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题在问“如果想要制造一个完整的木乃伊坟墓需要三个主要步骤”这

一表述是否正确。根据文章所列小标题，我们看出可造木乃伊坟墓需要三个主要步

骤：MakeanEgyptiantombmodel（制造一个埃及坟墓模型）；Makeamummycase（制

造一个木乃伊容器）；Makesometombtreasures（制造一些放在坟墓中的财宝）。

5、OnthreewallsofoldEgyptiantombs,thereweresomepaintingswithilowersand

beauties.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题在问“在古埃及坟墓中的三面墙上绘有花朵和美女的图画”这一表

述是否正确。根据文章MakeanEgyptianTombModel一步中的第1段第3句

“AncientEgyptiansoftenpaintedtombswithscenesofdailylife-dancing,hunting,

playing,feasting,andworking—andthejourneyintotheafterlife,\我们得到答案。

6、Itisgenerallysuggestedtospendonedaymakingamummycase.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题在问“通常建议大家用一天的时间制造木乃伊容器”这一表述是否

正确。文章中MakeaMummyCase-一步中，Him（提示）告诉我们“Dothisprojectin

stagesoverthreeorfourdays”（用三、四天的时间一步一步来做这件事）。

7、Fortheobjectsyouwouldliketocreateforthemummytomb,youaresuggestedto

refertosomerelevantbooksandvisitsomewebsites.

A、Y

R、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题在问“对于想放在木乃伊坟墓中的东西，你最好参考一些相关的

书，并浏览一些网站”这一表述是否正确。根据文章MakeSomeTombTreasures一

步中的Here'sHow中的第1点第1句：LookthroughbooksaboutancientEgypttomb

furnishingforobjectsyouwouldliketocreate.BooksandWebsitesabout

Tutankhamun'stombwiEbeespeciallyuseful"，我们得到答案。

8、AlotofvisitorseveryyeargotoEgypttovisitEgyptianmummytombs.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题在问“每年有很多游客去埃及参观埃及木乃伊坟墓”这一表述是否

正确。文章整体在介绍如何制作一个古埃及木乃伊坟墓，而没有提到游客参观之

事，因此得到答案。

9、Aportraitofthedeadperson,,andhieroglyphicwritingaredisplayedonthe

mummycases.

标准答案：imagesofEgyptiangods

知识点解析：本题答案亲自于文章MakeaMummyCase一步中的第1段第3句：

“Thecasesdisplayedaportraitofthedeadperson,imagesofEgyptiangods,and

hieroglyphicwriting”。

10、Whenyoumakethetombtreasures,youneedclay,store-boughtmodeling

compound,acrylicpaints.paintbrushand.

标准答案：booksaboutancientEgypt

知识点解析：本题答案来自于文章MakeSomeTorr.bTreasures一步中的YouWill

Need一项。

11>Byapplyingmoldingcompoundandsculptingfeatures;youcantransformsmall

figurinesthatyoufindaroundyourhouseinto.

标准答案：Egyptianstatuesofgodsoranimals

知识点解析：本题答案来i自于文章MakeSomeTorr.bTreasures―1步中Hint一项的

第3句：“Smallplasticfigurinesthatyoufindaroundyourhousecanbetransformed

intoEgyptianstatuesofgodsoranimalsbyapplyingmoldingcompoundandsculpting

features*,o

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、30dollars.

B、60dollars.

C>90dollars.

D、120dollars.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

A、TheyambothanxioustotryItalianfood.

B、Theyarelikelytohavedinnertogether.

C、Themanwilltreatthewomantodinnertonight.

D、Thewomanrefusedtohavedinnerwiththeman.

标准答案：B

知识点解析•：暂无解析

14、

A、Bycar.

Bybus.

C、Bytrain.

D、Byair.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、Hedoesn'tkeephispromises.

B>Heisquitebusywithwork.

C^Hecankeephispromises.

D^Henevertrustsanybody.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A、Inafurnitureshop.

Inarestaurant.

C、Inalibrary.

D、Inahotel.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A^Tonyshouldcontinuetakingthecourse.

B、SheapprovesofTony'sdecision.

C、Tonycanchooseanoihersciencecourse.

D、Shecan'tmeetTonysoearlyinthemorning.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A、5:25.

B、5:35.

C、5:45.

D、5:55.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Listeningtogentlemusic.

B、Listeningtoloudmusic.

C、Studying.

D、Talkingonthephone.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、StartanewprogramatStateCollege.

BNStudyatadifferentschool.

C、Workatanartgallery.

D^Movetoawannerstate.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：主旨题。对话一开始女学生就谈到想转学的问题。因此答案是B）。

21、

A、Journalism.

Education.

C^Management.

D、Art.

标准答案：D

知识点解析•：细节题。虽然对话中没有直接说出女学生对什么感兴趣，但她为了艺

术专业转校，足以说明她的爱好。答案是D）。

22、

A、Sincethefall.

B、Sincethesummer.

C、Forayearandahalf.

D、Forthreeyears.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：时间题。从男子的第二句对话“Afterayearandahalf?”中可以知道女

学生已在州立学校学习一年半了。答案应为C）。

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、Sightseeing.

Lyingonthebeach.

C、Takingphotographsofthebeaches.

D、Scubadiving.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：主旨题。整篇对话都是在谈论Judy在Florida进行水肺潜水时的情

景。答案为Do

24、

A、Hewasonafieldtrip.

B、HewasvacationinginFlorida.

C、Hewasstudyingmostofthetime.

D^Hewasvacationingathome.

标准答案：C」

知识点解析：推理题。从Peter说的第二句话中可知他二月份的大部分时间都在学

习，答案为C。

25、

A、Biology.

Photography.

C、Swimming.

D、Painting.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。从女学生的第四句话中得知这是有关生物课的到校外进行的

一次实地旅行考察。

26、

A^Oceanicsnails.

B、Largefish.

C、Differentplants.

D、Sunkentreasures.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实题。女学生的最后一句话“Infact,ourprofessoreventook

photographsofsmalloceanicsnails”中可知答案应为A。要注意，凡是听到infact,

actually,but,however等提示词时，听者要注意提示词后面说的话。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A^TheDutch.

B、ThePortuguese.

C、TheSpanish.

D、TheEnglish.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A、ThehistoryandgeographyofAustraliaandtheUnitedStateshavesomethingin

common.

B、EnglishfirstsettledintheeasterncoastofAustraliaandtheUnitedStates.

C>AustraliagaineditsindependencefromEnglishbyrevolution.

D、EconomyinAustraliawasrootedinsheepraisingandwheatgrowing.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、

A、Becausetheyweresearchingforbetterland.

B、Becausethepopulationwasincreasing.

C、Becausewesternpartsweremoreprosperousthaneasternpartsinthesetwo

countries.

D^Becauseeasternpansinthese（wocountrieshadbeenoccupiedbytheSpanish.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A、Maths.

B、Physics.

C、An.

D、Chemistry.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、

A、Hewasastudentofart.

B、Hewasanewsman.

C、Hewasfarmer.

D、Hewasawriter.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

A、In1916.

B、In1061.

C、In1915.

D、In1985.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A、HelikestosendChristmascards.

B、Helikestodoeverythingright.

C、Hehasagoodmemory.

D、Helikestohaveeverythingoutofplace.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Inabank.

13、Inapostoffice.

C、Inashop.

D、Inarestaurant.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、

A、Alawyer.

B、Adoctor.

C、Aclerk.

D^Apoliceman.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

A、Hehasalargefamily.

B、HerecognizedMark.

C>Helivesalone.

D、Hehaddonesomethingwrong.

标准答案：C'」

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

〃分。）

CaptainMcKayisin[Bl]ofeightsoldiers.Alargecompanyofenemysoldiers

is[B2]them.Ofallofthem.CaptainMcKayistheonlyonewhoknowsthe

waythroughthe[B3].It'shis[B4]togethismenbacktothecamp

safely.CaptainMcKayledhismenacrossawoodenbridgewhich[B5]awide

river.Heknewthattheenemywasn'tveryfarbehindthem.Therewasonlyonewayto

[B6].Someonehadtostaybehindandblowupthebridge,andthesoldierwho

stayedbehindwouldprobablybekilledbytheforceofthe[B7].TheCaptain's

firstthoughtwastoblowupthebridgehimself.However,nooneelsecouldleadthemen

backtothecamp.TheCaptaintoldhismenabouttheplan.Heaskedfora[B8]

butnooneofferedtogo.TheCaptainhadtoorderoneofthementostaybehind

andblowupthebridge.TheCaptaintookalong,hardlookattheeightsoldiers.Onewas

52yearsold.[B9].Onemanwasn'tmarried;theothershadwivesandchildren

backhome.[BIO].Bythistime,theycouldheartheenemysoldierswhowere

gettingcloserandclosertothebridge.TheCaptainhadtomakeaquickdecision.

[Bll].

37、[Bl]

标准答案：charge

知识点解析•：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：chasing

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：jungle

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：responsibility

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：spans

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：escape

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案：explosion

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：volunteer

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案：Anotherwasatroublemakerwhowasalwaysstealingthingsandfighting

withtheothermen.

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BIO]

标准答案：TheCaptainalsothoughtaboutthesoldierwhowasexperiencedwith

dynamiteandotherexplosives.

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[Bll]

标准答案:Whoshouldstaybehindandblowupthebridgesothattheotherscould

escape?

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读(选词填空)(本题共7。题，每题7.0分，共

1。分。)

Caffeineisadrugthatisnaturallyproducedintheleavesandseedsofmanyplants.It's

alsoproduced[SI]andaddedtocertainfoods.Caffeineisdefinedasadrug

becauseitstimulatesthecentralnervoussystem,causingincreasedheartrateand[S2]

.Mostpeoplewhoaxesensitivetocaffeineexperiencea[S3]increase

inenergyandelevationinmood.Caffeineisintealeaves,coffeebeans,chocolate,many

softdrinks,painrelievers,andotherover-the-counterpills.Initsnaturalform,caffeine

tastesverybitter.Butmostcaffeinateddrinkshavegonethroughenoughprocessingto

camouflage(/伪装，隐藏)the[S4]taste.Ifyou'retakingintoomuchcaffeine,

youmaywanttocutback.Kickingthecaffeinehabitis[S5]easy,andthebest

wayistocutbackslowly.[S6]youcouldgetheadachesandfeelachy,

depressed,orlousy.Trycuttingyourintakebysubstitutingnon-caffeinateddrinksfor

caffeinatedsodasandcoffee.Examplesincludewater,caffeine-freesodas,andcaffeine-

freeteas.Keeptrackofhowmanycaffeinateddrinksyouhaveeachday,and[S7]

onedrinkperweekwithacaffeine-free[S8]untilyoifvegottenbelow

the100-miIligrammark.Asyoucutbackonthe[S9]ofcaffeineyouconsume,

youmayfindyourselffeelingtired.Yourbestbetistohitthesack,notthesodas:it'sjust

yourbody'swayoftellingyouitneedsmorerest.Yourenergylevelswillreturnto

[SIO]inafewdays.A)neverB)particularC)bitterD)artificiallyE)

mechanicallyF)otherwiseG)substituteH)normalI)effectJ)amountK)simultaneous

L)alertnessM)temporaryN)optionalO)alternative

48、[SI]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据上下文此处填入的词应该与上文中的naturally相对应，因此选

择artificially,意为“人工地

49、[S2]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：本句在解释：咖啡因刺激神经系统，导致心跳加快和o在备选

答案中选择alertness符合句意。alertness意为“机敏、敏锐、活跃

50、【S3】

标准答案：M

知识点解析：对咖啡因这敏的人摄入咖啡因会提高精力和情绪，但显然这种改变不

是永久的，因此选择temporary<>

51、[S4]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：上文说咖啡因本来是苦的，本句由转折词bul引导，说明很多含咖啡

因饮料隐藏了它的苦味儿。因此选择bitter。

52、[S5]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据上下文，戒除摄取咖啡因的嗜好不是一件容易的事，因此选择

ncvcro

53、[S6]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：上文提到“最好的方法是逐渐减少摄取量”，本句是对上文设想一种反

面情况，进行推理，阅此选择otherwise。

54、[S7]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：改喝不含咖啡因的饮料也是减少咖啡因摄取量的一种方法。这种方法

是用noncaffeinateddrinks替代caffeinateddrinks,因此选择substitute。本段第一句

也是回答此题的一个很好的线索。

55、[S8]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：参考对此上题的解释，cal'fciiic-frcc5inks是替代caffcinalcddrinks

的一种选择。因此答案为akernalive,意为“可供选择的办法、事物”。

56、[S9]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：theamountofcaffeineyouconsume意为“你摄取的咖啡因量”。

57、[S10]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：本段在说“在减少摄取咖啡因时，你会感到疲劳……这只不过是你的

身体在以这种方式告诉你它需要更多的休息”，“几天之后你的精力将恢复正常”，

因此选择normal。根据上下文，理解returnto有助于回答本题。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共10分。）

Realpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblance（相似之处）betweentheirlivesand

whattheyseeonTV.Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman'srealliferevolvesround

criminallaw.Hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbe

usedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer,

andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkandrain,runningdowna

streetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.Littleofhistimeisspentinchatting.Hewill

spendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabout

hundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupid,petty（小的）crimes.Most

televisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:assoonashe'sarrested,thestoryis

over.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryserious

caseslikemurdersandterroristattacks,littleeffortisspentonsearching.Havingmadean

arrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothathe

oftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.Thethirdbigdifferencebetweenthedrama

detectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforce

theyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,as

expensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostof

thetimesomeofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.Ifthedetectivehastodetect

theworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.And

thisseparationtiledetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepened

bythesimplemindednessasheseesit-ofcitizens,socialworkers,doctors,law-makers,

andjudges,who,insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthe

hopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresult,detec:ivesfeel,isthatnine-tenthsof

theirworkisre-catchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestayedbehindbars.Thismakesthem

rathercynical（愤世嫉俗的）.

58、Apolicemanhastobetrainedincriminallawbecause.

A、hemustworkhardtohelpreformcriminals

B、hemustbelieveasprofessionallawyersdo

C^hemustbeabletotellwhenandwhereacrimeiscommitted

D、hemustjustifythearrestshemakesofcriminals

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。本题问的是：警察必须接受刑法培训，因为o根据文

章第2段第2句“Hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecan

beusedtoprovethemincourt”，可知警察必须知道什么行为是犯罪和需要什么样的

证据在法庭上证明犯罪事实，故选D。

59、Whatisthemostsuitablewordthatdescribestheworkofapolicemanaccordingto

thepassage?

A、Dangerous.

B、Demanding.

C、Distressing.

D、Dramatic.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：主旨题。本题问的是：根据文章，哪个词更适合用来描述警察的工

作?整篇文章都是在写警察的实际工作。第2段介绍了他们的工作和刑法的密切关

系。第3段介绍了他们一生中的绝大多数时间都用来打印关于犯罪记录的表格。第

5段介绍在实施逮捕后，他们要收集证据。第6段介绍了他们有很大的压力，一方

面要依据法律，另一方面又要给公众一个交代。第7段说由于对罪犯的判决不够严

厉而导致他们的重复抓捕，因此他们的工作是痛苦和令人烦恼的，故选C。

60、Accordingtothepassage,policemenspendmostoftheirtimeandefforts.

A、patrollingthestreet,rainorshine

B、trackingandarrestingcriminals

C、collectingandprovidingevidence

D、consultingtherulesoflaw

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。本题问的是：警察把大部分时间和精力花在。根据第

5段“Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartsowork.Hehastoprovehiscase

incourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence”可知在逮捕行，

侦探的工作才刚开始。也要在法庭上证明案件，因此要收集很多证据，故选C。

61、What'sthepoliceman'sbiggestheadache?

A、Hehastogetthemostdesirableresultswithoutbreakingthelawinanyway.

BNHehastojustifyhisarrestswhileunabletoprovidesufficientevidenceinmostcases.

C、Hecanhardlyfindenoughtimetolearncriminallawwhileburdenedwithnumerous

criminalcases.

D^Hehastoprovidethebestpossiblepublicserviceattheleastpossibleexpense.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。本题问的是：警察最头疼的问题是什么?根据第6段可知，

警察要严格遵循法律办案，故选A。

62、Whydopolicemenfeelseparatedfromtherestoftheworld?

A^Becausetheydonotreceiveduesupportfromsociety.

B、Becausetheyfindpeopleinsincerewiththem.

C、Becausetheyfeelsuperiortosimple-mindedpeoplearoundthem.

D^Becausetheyaresuspiciousofthepeoplearoundthem.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。本题问的是：为什么警察觉得自己与外界有分离的感觉?根

据第7段第1句“Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceives

him.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth”可知警察要去做侦察工作，但人们

却经常欺骗他们，几乎没有人会告诉他真相。人们并没有对他们以诚相待，故选

Bo

Throughaseriesofexperiments,anAmericanscientisthasobtainedanunderstandingof

thesocialstructureofthemostcomplexofantsocieties.Theantsexaminedarctheonly

creaturesotherthanmantohavegivenuphuntingandcollectingforacompletely

agriculturalwayoflife.Intheirundergroundneststheycultivategardensonsoilmade

fromfinelychoppedleaves.Thisisacomplexoperationrequiringconsiderabledivision

oflabor.Theworkersofthistypeofantcanbedividedintofourgroupsaccordingto

size.Eachofthegroupsperformsaparticularsetofjobs.Themakingandcareofthe

gardensandthenursingoftheyoungantsaredonebythesmallestworkers.Slightly

largerworkersareresponsibleforchoppingupleavestomakethemsuitableforusein

thegardensandforcleaningthenest.Athirdgroupofstilllargerantsdotheconstruction

workandcollectIreshleavesfromoutsidethenest.Thelargestarethesoldierants,

responsiblefordefendingthenest.Tofindouthowgoodthevarioussize-groupsareat

differenttasks,thescientistmeasuredtheamountofworkdonebytheantsagainstthe

amountofenergytheyused.Heexaminedfirstthegatheringandcarryingofleaves.He

selectedoneofthesize-groups,andthenmeasuredhowefficientlytheseantscouldfind

leavesandrunbacktothenest.Thenherepeatedtheexperimentforeachoftheother

size-groups.Inthiswayhecouldseewhetheranygroupcoulddothejobmoreefficiently

thanthegroupnormallyundertakingit.Theintermediate-sizedantsthatnormally

performthistaskprovedtobethemostefficientfortheirenergycosts,butwhenthe

scientistexaminedthewholesetofjobsperformedbyeachgroupofantsitappearedthat

somesizesofworkerantwerenotideallysuitedtotheparticularjobstheyperformed.

63、Inwhichwayaretheantsdifferentfromothernon-humansocieties?

A、Theydonotneedtosearchforfood.

B、Theydonotneedtolookforshelter.

C、Individualsvaryinsocialstatus.

D、Individualsperformdifferentfunctions.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。本题问的是：蚂蚁社会在哪方面不同于其他非人类的社会？

依据文章第1段从第2句直到段尾“Theantsexaminedaretheonlycreaturesother

thanmantohavegivenuphuntingandcollectingfnracompletelyagriculturalwayof

life.Intheirundergroundneststheycultivategardensonsoilmadefromfinelychopped

leaves.Thisisacomplexoperationrequiringconsiderabledivisionoflabor.Tileworkers

ofthistypeofantcanbedividedintofourgroupsaccordingtosize.Eachofthegroups

performsaparticularsetofjobs”可知，蚂蚁是唯---个像人类一样放弃狩猎而从事

农业生产的动物。它