高二英语The power of nature教案6

人教版课程标准实验教材（英语选修7第5单元）

第5单元

1kind:"this/thatkind/sort/typeof+单数或复数名词”做

主语时，其谓语动词一般用单数形式，而在比较正式的用语中，复数

名词可放在前面，即：单/复数名词+of+this/kind,这时谓语动词由

名词的数来决定，因为此时名词已成为中心词。

Thiskindofquestionsisverydifficulttoanswer.=Questi

onsofthiskindareverydifficulttoanswer.

Thatkindofshoesisfashionable.=Shoesofthatkindare

fashionable.

表示数量的短语：

agreatdealof/anamountof"大量的"，后加不可数名词

（agood/greatmany}anumberof"大量的"只修饰可数名词

alotof/plentyof/aquantityof许多/therest”剩余

的”口即可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。

Quantitiesoffoodweresuppliedtotheareaofbeingflood

ed.

Alargequantityofbeerhasbeensold.

2.by（1）在近处（位置）Hewouldstandbythewindowfora

fewhours.

（2）（示移动方向）沿，经，由，从旁边经过Ipassedbymewi

thoutnoticingme.

Igothehouseeveryday.

(3)不迟于，在…以前

Willyoufinishthetaskbytomorrow?Bythistimetomo

rrowhewillbehere.

(4)(表示方法、手段)由，靠，通过Theyintendedtoleave

bythefirsttrain.

(5)相差(数目或程度)Hishorsewonbyanoise.…以仅有的

一点优势…

Iwaslatebytenminutes.

(6)表示大小，次第，逐一Thestudentsentered2by2.

Timewentbylittlebylittle.

(7)(表示关系)就…来说HeisanEnglishmanbybirth.Shei

sadoctorbyprofession.职业医生

相关短语bydoingsth通过做某事(来达到目的)littlebylit

tie一点一点，逐渐地，慢慢地

bythetime到那时为止byair/sea/land/car/bus/bike/plan

e乘…bymeansof用，依靠

bytheway顺便问一下bythehour/theweek/theyear以小

时、周、年来记报酬

callsbbyname叫某人的名字knowsbbyname知道某人的名

字byfar…得多，最…

daybyday日复一日byoneself独自byhand用手bymist

ake弄错

3doyouthink常做插入语，句子以特殊问词开头，且用陈述语序

Whatdoyouthinkheraddressis?(1)类似的用法：doyo

ubelieve,doyouimagine,doyouexpect等，但doyouknow

无此用法。

(2)表示“相信，认为”的结构，常用Ithink/suppose/expec

t/imagine/hope…so.

Isuppose/expect/hope/guess/believenot.Idon't

thinkso.

(3)否定转移结构：think,believe,suppose,expect,feel,

imagine等

Idon,tthinkhewillcomeheretoday.Hedoesn,tfe

elhecanstanditmuchlonger.

反义疑问句：若主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think,believe,s

uppose等时，反义问句的谓语动词及主语要与从句保持一致。Ido

n'tthinkheisserious,?

Hedoesn'tfeelitiswisetogiveachildwhateverhewan

t,?

例：I'msureyou'drathershewenttoschoolbybus,?

Ahadn,tyouBwouldn'tyouCaren,tIDdidn,tshe

4adjust(1)调节/调整(使适合)Imustadjustmywatch;it's

slow.Yourcollarneedadjusting.整理

(2)使适应/适应Ittookherquitealongtimetoadjustt

olivingaloneinaforeigncountry.

近义词：adaptto

其中to是介词，后接v-ing形式

类似的短语：devote…to/bedevotedto,makecontributions

to,be/getusedto,beaccustomedto,lookforwardto,p

ayattentionto,getdownto,leadto,stickto,objectt

o,inadditionto,onthewayto,turnto,belongto,re

plyto,seeto(负责，照看)等

5experience(1)(U)经验Mikeisamanofmuch/richexpe

rience.

MrBlack,afriendofmyfather's,isateacherwith30

years'experience.

(2)(C)经历，阅历Ourjourneybycamelwasanunforgettab

leexperience.

(3)V经历，感受Ihaveexperiencedwhathardshipmeans.

我体验过艰苦生活。

Ourcountryhasexperiencedgreatchangesinthelast30

years.

experienced有经验的，educated受过教育的，skilled技术熟

练的experiment实验

6board(1)VYou'dbetterboardthetrainnow.It'stime

toleave.

(2)V食宿I'mboardingwithafriend.我和一个朋友一块住。

(3)n长薄且扁平的木板(常用于合成词)blackboardnotice

boardchessboard

(4)n膳食费用Ipaid$10aweekforboardandlodging.

我每周付10元的食宿费。

词组：onboard在船上，在飞机上

boardingcard登船(机)票/证boardinghouse供食宿的宿

舍

7(1)It/That/Thisis/wasthefirst/secondtimethat….

后接完成时从句。

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavecometoBeijing.Thatw

asthelasttimethatIhadbeenthere.

(2)Itis(high)timethat后接虚拟语气(一般为过去时)It

istimethatIgotup/wenthome.

(3)forthefirsttime(用做时间状语)与thefirsttime

(用做连词，来引导从句)

Icametohisofficeforthefirsttime.Thefirsttime

hesawher,hefellinlovewithher.

8dream(1)(n)梦想，梦Hehadadreamofbeingateach

er.

(2)v常与of/about连用Hehadeverdreamedofbecomin

gafamousactor.

(3)dreamastrangedream同源宾语liveahappylife

9expect(1)v预料，期待，预期Iexpectthathewillpass

theexamination.

Heexpectstofailtheexamination.他料想无法通过考试。

(2)v期望、盼望某事，尤指好事发生，常用于进行时态。

I'mexpectingaletter.(等)I'mexpectingJohnanymi

nutenow.我现在时时刻刻在等着…

(3"以为，认为“相当于supposeIexpectitwasthecat

thatbrokethecup.

expected(adj)预料之中的unexpected(adj)未预料到的

expectation(n)预期

指点迷津：(1)hope表示“祝愿，愿望”不可接复合宾语或双宾

语

hopesbsth()hopesbtodosth

(2)wish愿望实现的可能不大，常用虚拟语气。可以说wishsb-

或wishsbtodosth

(3)expect“期待”，确信某事必将发生。多用于好的事物expec

tsbtodosth

expecttoomuchofsb对某人期望过高onlytobeexpe

cted可能发生，相当正常

(4)lookforwardto"期待，盼望"其中to为介词

Whenheturnedprofessionalattheageof11,Mike_tobee

omeaworldchampionbyhiscoachandparents.Aexpected

BwasexpectingCwasexpectedDwouldbeexpected

10lecture(1)讲课，上课nMrSmithgaveusaninterestin

glecture.

(2)做演讲，讲课ProfessorZhangisnotlecturingthister

m.

(3)(因某事)斥责或告诫某人Dostoplecturingme!别教训

我了。

alecturetour巡回演讲givesbalecture训斥某人give

alecture讲课

deliveralecture上课lecturesbfor/aboutsth因某

事斥责或告诫某人

11.qualification(n)

(1)考试及格证书，执照Hehasgotamedicalqualificatio

n.他已取得医学资格证。

(2)资格(常用复数)Hehastherightqualificationsfor

thejob.

qualify(v)取得资格，修饰，限制qualified合格的qual

ity品质，素质quantity数量

12prepare:preparesthpreparesbforsthpreparef

orsthbe(well)preparedforsth

preparetodosthinpreparationmakepreparations

for

13before(1)prep在。••前面Hestoodbeforeher.

(2)prep(表示时间)在…以前Pleasecomebefore10o'cl

ock.

(3)adv以前Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.

(4)conj在。••之前Wedowanttobuysomethingbeforeprice

sgoup.

longbefore不久以后longbefore很久以前Itwon't

belongbefore…不久就…

Adozenideaswereconsidered_thechiefarchitectdecid

edonthedesignofthebuilding.

AbecauseBbeforeCwhetherDunless

14recommend(1)“推荐，赞许,称赞”常与介词to,for,as

连用recommendation(n)

Canyourecommendagooddictionarytome?

Theyrecommendhimforthejob/asagoodlawyer.

(2)“劝告，建议”后接doing,不接不定式，和可接复合宾

语，或接虚拟语气从句。

J①recommenddoingHerecommendabook

onEnglistrstudytome.

recommend②recommendsbtodosth

③recommendthat从句(用虚拟语气)

Irecommendbuyingthisdictionary.

Thedoctorrecommendhispatienttogooutforawalk.

Theteacherrecommendedthateveryone(should)takeanac

tivepartintheEnglishparty.

相关用法：(1)advisesbtodosthallowsbtodosthpe

rmitsbtodosthforbidsbtodosth

advisingdoingallowingdoingpermitdoingforbiddoin

gsuggestdoing

(2)后接宾语从句常用虚拟语气的词：advise,suggest,deman

d,desire,insist(坚持做)，order,require,command,ur

ge,recommend等

15host(1)(n)(待客的)主人Iwasawaysomysonactedas

host.Beijingisthehostof…

(2)n(电视节目等)主持人ThehostontonightJsshowisMa

xAstor.hostess女主(持)人

(v)主持，主办某项活动Beijinghasgottheopportunityto

hostthe2008OlympicGames.

16live(1)vi"活，生存"Thedoctorsdon,tthinkhewill

livethroughthenight.

(2)vi"居住"Wheredoyoulive?

(3)vt相当于lead“过■样的生活"Nowpeopleinourcou

ntryarelivingahappylife.

(4)adj"活的"一般用来指动物Hecaughtsomelivefish

withnotools.

(5)adj"现场直播的"TheCCTVmadealivecoverageofth

eWorldCup.

短语：livewith忍受，和起住liveon靠…生活/生存liv

eupto遵守，达到符合，不辜负(他人的期望)livet

hrough度过，经历(灾难或其他困境)而幸存

17comfort(1)U舒适，身体健康Theydideverythingforo

urcomfort.…尽力使我们舒适。

Herchildrenareagreatcomfortforher.

(2)帮助，安慰，仁爱Thenewsbroughtcomforttoallofu

s.…给大家带来了安慰。

(3)vThechildrantoitsmothertobecomforted.以求安

慰。

Hetriedtocomfortherbytellingherthateverything

wouldbeallright.

comfortable安逸的，舒适的comfortless无安慰的，不舒适的

comforter安慰者，羊毛围巾

18substitute(n)(1)“代替，替换”，后常与for连用

Honeycanbeusedasasubstituteforsugar.

Heisasubstituteplayerontheteam.他是替补队员。

(2)“用…代替"，后接forWesubstitutedpotatoesf

orrice.…用土豆代替米饭。

Wemustsubstituteanewchairforthebrokenone.

短语：substitutesthforsth某人代替某人substitutes

bforsb某物代替某物

replacesthwithsth用某物代替某物changesthforsth

用某物替换某物

taketheplaceof代替takeone'splace代替inplaceo

f代替instead(of)代替，而不是

19help组成的词组：helponeselftosth自取/随便用…

can,thelpdoing情不自禁地做某事help(sb)o

ut帮助(某人)摆脱困境

cannothelpbutdo不得不做withthehelpof在…的

帮助下withone'shelp

20academic(1)adj”学院的，学校的“，常作定语。

TheacademicyearusuallystartsinSeptember.一学年通常

是从9月开始的。

(2)n大学讲师，高等学校的学生HeisanacademicinOxfor

dUniversity.

academy学院，专科院校

21requirement(1)依赖或需要的事物，常用做复数。

Ourlatestmodelshouldmeetyourrequirementsexactly.

Ourimmediaterequirementisextrastaffs.我们急需额外的

工作人员。

(2)规定或要求的事物Notallvisitorssatisfythelegalen

tryrequirement.

不是所有的外宾都符合法律上的入境规定。

require(v)requiresbtodosth要求某人做某事

requirethat从句用虚拟语气

Therequirementisthat…从句用虚拟语气

Therequirementisthatalltheworkers(should)startto

workat7:30.

Hishealthrequiresthathe(should)gotobedearly.

22tutor(1)私人教师，家教，导师Atutortotaughtthechi

Idrenwhiletheywereinhospital.

(2)课本，特别指音乐课本Mysonhasgotaviolintutorfro

mschool.

(3)教，教某人Heoftentutorsachildofhisfriend'sf

oranexamination..

他经常辅导他朋友的孩子准备考试

(4)vt(control)控制，约束自己的感情Itisimportantt

otutoryourselftobepatient.

培养你的耐心是重要的。

短语：tutorsbinsth教某人某事tutorone'spassions

抑制某人的感情

tutoroneselftobepatient培养自己的耐心/耐性

23常见的强调句式：

(1)用do的某种形式，强调谓语。Dobecareful!.Hedoe

sworkhard.Ididtellyou.

(2)用only强调，特别用来强调状语。Onlyinthiswaycan

youlearnEnglishwell.

(3)用just,right,very强调，强调名词时一，注意与冠词的位

置关系。

Heisjustthepersontofitthejob.Thisistherig

htbookIhavebeenlookingfor.

Heistheveryboywhowonthefirstprize.

(4)Itis/was+被强调的部分+that从句，强调人时可用who

24usedto过去常常，beusedtodo被用来做beusedto

doing习惯于

25takeup(1)占去时间/精力

Writingtakesupmostofhissparetime.Itwon't

takeupmuchtime.

(2)占据空间(面积)Thetabletakesuptoomuchroom.

(3)继续，接下去I'11takeupthestorywhereIfinishe

dyesterday.

(4)开始从事Shetookuppaintingwhenshewasafive-ye

ar-oldgirl.

短语：takeback收回takein吸收，欺骗takeoff起飞，成

名，脱掉(衣服，鞋帽等)

take…forgranted认为…理所当然takeaway带走take

down拆掉takeover接管

takeplace发生takeon呈现，雇佣takepartin参加tak

eiteasy别紧张

26num(adj)“失去感觉的，麻木的"常用比喻义。

Theshockleftmenum,我惊呆了。Shewasnumwithterr

or.她吓得不能动了。

句中with用来表示原因，意为“因为，由于"Hetrembledwi

thfear.

Hisfingerswerenumwithcold.Hewasshakingwithlaug

hter.Herfacewasredwithcold.

Hisfaceturnedredwithembarrassment.I'11dowith

pleasure.

27concern(v)使人担忧，烦恼Ourlossesarebeginningto

concernme.

beconcernedabout/for/over对。••担忧beconcernedi

n与某事有牵连，对某事负责

beconcernedwith与。••有关

28confuse(v)使…混乱/糊涂/弄错Iwasconfusedbythe

noisearound.

Herunexpectedarrivalconfusedallourplans.

Ialwaysconfusethetwinsisters.Theylooksoalike.

getconfused困惑不解，糊涂的confusing莫名其妙的，

难以理解的confusion迷惑

29lack(n&V)(1)“没有，缺乏”常与of连用

Theplantsdiedforlackofwater.Theprojectwasaba

ndonedforlackofmoney.

(2)Vt“缺乏，没有"直接加宾语Welackknowledgeandsk

ill.

Hisparentslackthemoneytosendhimtouniversity.

forlackof因缺乏…havenolackof不缺乏….lackfor

nothing一无所缺

belackingin缺乏

30improve(1)(vt)使变好，使改善IwanttoimprovemyE

nglish.

(2)变好，改善IthinkyourEnglishisimproving.

Hishealthisimproving.=Heisimprovinginhealth.

improvement改善，改进，增进

31appear(vi)出现，出版，到场Thatthepopsingerappe

aredmadehisfanscrazy.

IfIfailtoappearbyseveno'clockIwillnotcomea

tall.

(2)看起来，似乎Heappearstowanttoleaveasearlyas

possible.

Itappearsthathewillwin.=Itappearsasif/asthou

ghhewillwin.

todoHeappearedtohavebeentoldeveryt

hing,〔

appearthat-clause

asif/asthough

Itappears/seemsthat看起来似乎…Thereappears/s

eemstobe...

Itlooks/seems/appearsasif...

disappear(v)消失disappearance(n)消失

appear与disappear无被动语态

32content(1)(n)所容纳之物，所含之物，内容(contents)

Hetippedthecontentsofthebagontothetable.他把

提包里的东西倒在桌子上。

Firehascausedseveredamagetothecontentsofthebu

ilding.

Hehadn'treadtheletterandsowasunawareofitscont

ents

(2)(书的)目录(contents)atableofcontents目录a

contentspage目录页

(3)(书，讲话，节目等的)主题，主要内容

Yourtoneofvoiceisasimportantaswhatyouhavetos

ay..

Thecontentofthecoursedependsonwhatthestudentsw

ouIdliketostudy.

Herpoetryhasagreatdealofpoliticalcontent.

(4)含量，容量(用于名词后)foodwithahighfatcontent

thealcoholcontentofadrink

(5)adj满足，满意(不用于名词前)becontentwith

Notcontentwithstealingmygirlfriend,shehasturned

al1myfriendsagainstme.

becontenttodo愿意做I'mcontenttowait.

contented(尤指因生活好而)满足的，满意的(用于名词前)

acontentedsmileHeisacontentedman.

contentment(n)

33.occupy(1)(vt)占据充满Thespeechesoccupied3hou

rs.发言共占了3个小时。

Manyproblemsoccupiedhismind,他脑子里装着许多问题。

(2)军事占领takepossessionofThearmyoccupiedt

heenemy'scapital.

(3)占有房屋、土地Theyoccupytheroomnextdoor.他们住

在隔壁房间。

(4)担任某职Mysisteroccupiesanimportantpositionin

herfirm.

beoccupiedindoingsth忙于做某事beoccupiedwit

hsth忙于某事

34common(1)普通的，常见的commonsense/knowledge常识

(2)一般的，平常的Heisnotanofficer,butacommon

soldier.

(3)共同的，共有的Weshareacommonpurpose.

(4)n公地，公用草地，公园EverySaturdayMarygoesri

dingonthevillagecommon.

(5)incommon”共有，公用"常与with连用

Incommonwithmanyyoungpeople,hepreferspopmusi

ctoclassicalmus