高一英语外研版自主广场：ModuleGreatScientists

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精自主广场我夯基我达标Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Hewasbupinthecountrysidebyhisgrandpa.答案：brought2。Thematterhasquiteemymemory。答案:escape3.Pleasehelpmetofoutmyincometax.答案:figure4。Themagazinepashortstorywrittenbyahighschoolstudent。答案:published5。Thedesertclimateslittleplantlife.答案：supportsⅡ。根据中文提示完成句子1.________（生物化学)isverypopularinsciencetoday.答案：Biochemistry2。Heisnot________（身体上地)illbutmentally（思想上地)ill.答案：physically3.________(产量）ofcomputershasincreaseddoubleinthelastfewweeks。答案：Production4.Theyprefer________(质量）toquantity。答案：quality5。Thedoctor________(诊断)myillnessascold。答案：diagnosed6。The________（本来的)ownerofthehousewastheDukeofWellington。答案：original7。Withnewtechnologyusedin________（农业）morecropsareproduced。答案：agriculture8.Thenewcity,Brasilia,________（取代）RiodeJaneiroasthecapitalofBrazilin1960.答案：replaced9.Thewriterwas________（教育）ataverygoodschool.答案：educated10.Hisbook，________(出版)theyearbeforelast,stillsellswellnow.答案：publishedⅢ.下列句子中每句都有一处错误，请在错误处画线，并将正确的答案填在句后的横线上。IknowlittleaboutthegirlcallingSusan. 1.________Airpollutionisthegreatesttroublehavingbeencausedbythefactory。 2.________Intherice-grownworld,Yuanisaleadingfigure. 3.________Allthechildrenherearewellfeeding. 4.________Thefrighteneddogmadethegirlcrying. 5.________Everyonecannoticetheexcitinglookonherface。 6.________Thecattlebelongedtothefarmwerewelllookedafter . 7。________Muchattentionshouldbepaidtothepeoplebeingaddictedtodrugs。 8。________Thereisonlyonewaytoproducingricemorequickly. 9.________Shelookedsadlyatthebreakingkite。 10。________答案与解析:1。calling→calledthegirl和call之间有被动关系，因而要用过去分词作定语。2.去掉havingbeencausedbythefactory作trouble的定语，表示被动。3.rice-grown→rice—growingrice—growing意思是“水稻种植的”,作world的定语。4.feeding→fedfed是过去分词,作表语,意思是“这里的所有孩子得到了很好的喂养".5.frightened→frighteningthedog和frighten之间是主动关系,“令人害怕的狗”，因而不用过去分词而用动词—ing形式作定语。6.exciting→excitedlook，expression等表示人的表情的名词,通常用过去分词修饰。7。belonged→belongingthecattle和belongto是主动关系，要用动词—ing形式作定语。8。去掉beingaddictedtodrugs是过去分词短语作people的定语，表示已经发生的动作.9。producing→produceway的定语可以用ofdoing或者todo，表示做某事的方法.10。breaking→broken过去分词broken作kite的定语.Ⅳ.汉译英1。Hewasn’tinterestedinherstagecareer。答案:他对她的演戏职业不感兴趣。2。Hisachievementsearnedhimrespectandadmiration。答案：他的成就赢得人们的尊敬和仰慕。3.Hehasbecomeafigureknowntoeveryone。答案：他已成了一个知名人物。4.Theoriginalofthispicturewasnowheretobefound.答案：这幅画的原作已无处寻觅。5。Canyougivesomeexamplestosupportyourargument?答案:你能举几个例子来证实你的论点吗?Ⅴ.根据汉语完成句子1。Theonly________isthathe’smad。（对他的行为的惟一解释是他疯了.)答案：explanationforhisbehavior2.________byZhangYimoucostfivemillionUSdollars.（张艺谋的这部影片的摄制耗资5百万美元。）答案:Theproductionofthefilm3。Theoldmanenteredtheroom________。（老人由孙子扶着进了房间。）答案：supportedbyhisgrandson我综合我发展Ⅰ.听力第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍.W:Iexpectedyou’dcometomybirthdaypartyyesterday。M：I’mterriblysorry，Susan。Ihadtoseeoffafriendofmineattheairportlastnight。1.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman？A。Hehadtosaygoodbyetohisfriendattheairport。B。Hedidn’tgotothewoman’spartylastnight.C。Hehadtogotoanothercitywithhisfriend.答案：BM：Imustapologizefornotmeetingyouattheairportthisafternoon。Youmusthavebeenunhappy。W:Well,youshouldhaveletmeknowthatyouweren’tcoming。2.Howdoesthewomanfeel？A。Veryglad。 B.Verypainful. C。Alittleangry.答案:CW：I'msorrytohavekeptbothofyouwaiting。Thecarwasheldupinthetraffic.M：That’sallright。Wejustgothereourselves。3.Howmanypeoplearethereinthedialogue?A.Two。 B.Three. C。Four。答案：BW：YouaregoingtoNewYorktoday，aren’tyou?M：Yes。IhadthoughtIwouldfly，butthenIdecidedthattakingabuswouldbecheaperthandrivingorflying。4。HowwillthemangettoNewYork？A.Byair. B.Bybus。 C。Bycar.答案:BW：Daddy,haveyoudecidedwhattodotomorrow?M：We’llgoboatingifitisfine。W:Wonderful！I’msureitwillbefine。I’velistenedtotheweatherreport.5.Whataretheygoingtodotomorrow？A.Theyaregoingtolistentotheweatherreport.B.Theywillgoswimming。C.Theywillgoboating.答案：C第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6～8题。M：Excuseme，I’mtryingtodosomework。I’mafraidyourchildrenaremakingalotofnoise.Don’ttheyevergotosleep？W:I’msorry.Theyarenoisy.Butyouknowit'sdifficulttokeepboysquiet。M：Icouldn’tworkandIcouldn'tsleeplastnight。AndIwaswakenedbythenoisetheymadeearlythismorning.W：I’mterriblysorry.Youknowtheyneverlistentome.Theyareonlyafraidoftheirfather.He'sawayonbusiness，buthe’llbebacktomorrow.M:Ihopehecandosomethingaboutit。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers？A。Theyareparentandteacher.B.Theyareclosefriends。C.Theyareneighbors.答案：C7.Whatcanyoulearnfromthedialogue?A。Themanismakingcomplaint（抱怨)tothewoman。B.Themanismakingsomesuggestiontothewoman.C.Themanissatisfiedaftertalkingtothewoman。答案：A8。What'snottheresultofthechildren’snoise？A。Themancouldn'twork。B。Themancouldn'tsleep.C。Themancouldn’teat。答案：C听第7段材料,回答第9～11题。M：Oh，comein.W：Ijustdroppedintoreturnthesebooks.Areyougettingdinnerready？Somethingsmellsgood。M:Oh，I’mjustpreparingsomenoodles.W：Ithoughtyourwifedidthecooking.M:Shedid,butshesaidshewouldcomehomelatetoday.W：Soyou’rethecook.Whatareyouhavingwiththenoodles？M：Somecabbagesandtomatoes。Whydon’tyoustayandhavedinnerwithus？W：Thanks，butnottoday。Ihavetohurryoff.Maybesomeothertime.9.Wheredoesthisdialoguetakeplace?A.Attheman’shome. B。Inarestaurant。 C.Inacompany。答案：A10.Whydoesthewomancometotheman’shome？A。Shewantstohavedinnerwithhim。B。Shecomestoreturnsomebooks.C。Shewantstolearnhowtocook.答案：B11.Whodoesthecookingnow？A。Theman。 B。Thewoman. C.Theman'swife.答案：A听第8段材料，回答第12～14题。M：Don’tyoujustlovethisstore？EverytimeIgothroughallthethingshere,Ialwaysfindsomethinginteresting.W：Iknowwhatyoumean。Lookatthisboxofclothesoverhere.Eachpiececostsonlyonedollar.M：LookatwhatIgothere!W：What?Sonowyou’reinterestedinwoolcoatsallofasudden。Theweatheristoowarmforit，Ithink。M：No,notthat。I’mtalkingaboutthisjacketfromthe1950s.Isn'titnice？W：Yes，itis.Itonlycostsfivedollars，too。M：IthinkifIcleanitupalittleandgetthebuttonfixed，it’lllooklikeit’sworthamilliondollars！W：IthinkI’mgoingtobuythislittleskirtandthenI’llbereadytogo.Howaboutyou？M：I’mreadyanytimeyouare.12.Whatarethespeakersdoing？A.Tryingonclothes. B。Buyingnewclothes。 C.Buyingoldclothes。答案：C13.Whatisthemaninterestedin?A。Acoat. B.Ashirt. C。Ajacket.答案：C14。Whatcanwelearnaboutthepieceofclothesthemanisinterestedin？A.Somebuttonsaremissing.B。It'sworthmillionsofdollars.C。Itwasmadein1950。答案：A听第9段材料，回答第15~17题。M：Hi，Jane。It'snicetoseeyouagain.IheardyouwenttotheUSduringyourvacation。W：Yes。IwenttoNewYorktoattendasummercourseinEnglish。M：Wow.Youwerelucky。Howlongdidyoustaythere？W：About50days。IwentthereonJuly5thandcamebackonAugust25th。M：Howaboutthecourse？W:Thecoursewasverygood。Theteacherswerenice.Theytaughtustolisten，speak，readandwriteinEnglish,butitwasmostlyspeaking。OneinterestingthingIfoundwasthattheAmericanclassesaredifferentfromourclassesherebecausetheyareveryfree.Youcansitanywhereyoulikeintheclassroom。Youcanasktheteacherquestionsatanytimeduringtheclass，andyouarewelcometoshareyourideaswiththeclass。Ireallylikedthiskindofclass.M:Howinteresting！Maybeourteachershouldtrythat.15。Whatwasthewoman’smainpurposeingoingtoNewYorkduringthevacation？A。TolearnEnglish. B.TovisitanAmericanfamily. C。Todobusiness。答案：A16。WhendidthewomancomebackfromAmerica？A.OnJuly5th。 B.OnJuly6th. C。OnAugust25th。答案：C17.WhatinparticulardidthewomanlikeabouttheAmericanclasses？A.Theteacherswerekind.B。Thestudentswerequitefree.C.Thereweretoomanyactivitiesinclass.答案:B听第10段材料,回答第18~20题。Mr.GreywasthemanagerofasmallofficeinLondon.Helivedinthecountry，andcametoworkbytrain。Helikedwalkingfromthetrainstationtohisofficeunlessitwasraining，becauseitgavehimsomeexercise。Onemorninghewaswalkingalongthestreetwhenastrangerstoppedhimandsaidtohim,“Youmaynotrememberme，sir，butsevenyearsagoIcametoLondonwithoutapennyinmypockets.Istoppedyouinthestreetandaskedyoutolendmesomemoney，andyoulentmefivepounds，becauseyousaidthatyouwerewillingtotakeachancesoastogiveamanastartontheroadtosuccess.”Mr.Greythoughtforafewminutesandthensaid，“Yes，Irememberyou。Goonwithyourstory."“Well,”answeredthestranger，“areyoustillwillingtotakeachance？”18。Whydidhewalkfromthestationtohisoffice?A.Tosavemoney。B.Tobuysomethingnecessary。C。Tohavemoreexercise.答案：C19.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrue?A.ThestrangeronceaskedMr.Greyformoney.B.ThestrangerandMr.Greykneweachotherverywell。C.ThestrangerwasgoingtogiveMr。Greyhismoneyback。答案：A20.Whatdidthelastsentencemean?A.HewantedtogiveMr。Greyachancetohelpothers。B.HewantedtoaskMr。Greyforsomemoremoney。C.HehopedMr.Greycouldhelphimtobesuccessfulinhiswork。答案:BⅡ.单项填空1。Youmightwonderhowit___________tolivewithouteatingforsomanymonths.A.keepsB.succeeds C。manages D.tries解析：A项和B项后面不能接不定式;从句意可知，它指的是“成功地活下来”，tryto指“设法做某事，但不一定成功”。答案：C2.ThearrivaloftheEuropeansettlershadagreat________onthelifeofNativeAmericans。A.possession B。change C.effect D。result解析：hadagreateffecton是一个固定短语，意为“对……有了很大影响"。possession“拥有,财产”;change“改变"；result“后果”.答案：C3。Whenfirst________tothemarket，thetoysdidn’tattractmuchattention。A.introducing B。introducedC。wasintroduced D.beingintroduced解析:把whenfirst..。看成是一个省略句,相当于：Whenthetoyswerefirstintroduced,这里toys与introduced是动宾关系,所以用被动语态。选项C是过去时的被动语态，但主语不可省略。D项是现在分词一般式的被动态，既表示被动,又表示正在进行.所以不符合逻辑。答案：B4。ItwasquiterightforYuanLongpingtothinkthat________wastohavemorericeandproduceitmorequickly。A.thekeytofeedingpeople B。thekeytofeedpeopleC。thekeyoffeedingpeople D。thekeyforfeedpeople解析：key（钥匙，关键)，answer（答案)，solution（解决方案)等名词后面常和介词to连用,这是固定搭配,既然是介词,那么后面只能跟名词或动名词，因此答案为A项.答案：A5。Asaresultoftheuseofthenewtechnology,theproductionofthisproduct________50percent。A.hasrisento B.hasbeenraisedtoC.hasrisenby D。hasbeenrisenby解析:rose是不及物动词,不能用被动语态;如果是增长或提高了百分之多少，必须用介词by，用介词to时只能是具体数字.根据这两条可判断，答案为C项.答案：C6。________offood________tothecountriesstruckbytheseaquake。A.Largequantities；issent B.Largequantities；aresentC.Largenumbers；issent D.Largenumber；aresent解析：largequantitiesof/alargequantityof既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词；largenumbersof/alargenumberof只能修饰可数名词。另外,当quantitiesof+名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，所以答案为B项。答案：B7。Nowmanycropscanbeimproved________differentspeciesofplant，suchasrice，wheat。A。bymaking B.bycrossingC.byconverting D。bychanging解析:这里bydoingsomething是指通过某种方式来做某事，通过常识我们可以判断，物种改良主要通过杂交，故答案为B项。答案：B8。-Whyisn’ttherecorderreadyyet？-I’msorry。It________intheshop。A。isbeingrepaired B.isrepairedC。hasbeenrepaired D.hasn’trepaired解析:此题考查时态和语态.根据语意，应该用现在进行时态的被动语态，所以正确答案为A项，表示正在被修理.答案：A9。—Thewindowisdirty。—Iknow。It________forweeks.A。hasn’tcleaned B.didn’tcleanC.wasn'tcleaned D。hasn'tbeencleaned解析:根据时间状语可确定用现在完成时，表示已经有好几周没擦窗子了，用被动语态。答案：D10。—Youaresolucky。—Whatdoyoumean________that？A。for B。in C。of D。by解析：介词by表示方式“经，由”，Whatdoyoumeanbythat？的意思是“你说那个是什么意思？”答案：D11.Thequestionnow________atthemeetingisveryimportant。A.discussed B。tobediscussedC.beingdiscussed D.discussing解析：A、B、C三项非谓语动词均含被动意义，但过去分词表示一个已完成的动作，不定式表示一个未来的动作，现在分词表示一个正在发生的动作.本题根据句中now一词可判断应用现在分词的被动式。答案：C12.ThatistheplacewhereI________whenIwasachild.A。wasusedtolive B。usedtolivingC。usedtolive D。amusedtoliving解析：usedtodo“过去常常”，beusedtodo“被用来”;beusedtodoing“习惯于”.题中的定语从句意思是“我过去常住的地方”.故答案为C项。答案：C13。________youputyourheartintoyourstudy，you'llfeel________init？A。Once；interest B。If；interestedC.Since；interested D。When；interesting解析：前半句是条件状语从句，用if引导符合题意，feel/be/becomeinterestedin对某事感兴趣。答案：B14。Theway________Englishispracticing________itasoftenaspossible。A.learning；speaking B。tolearn；tospeakC.tolearn；speaking D.learning；tospeak解析：way后面应用动词不定式作定语thewaytodo或者thewayofdoingsomething，而practice跟动名词作宾语。答案：C15。Thiskindofglassesmadebyexperiencedworkers________comfortably.A。isworn B.wears C。hasworn D。hasbeenworn解析:write，taste,wear等动词作及物动词时强调动作，作不及物动词时可以表示物体本身的特点。如：Thepenwritessmoothly.（这枝笔书写起来很顺畅.）Thefoodsellswell.（食品卖得很好。）答案：BⅢ.完形填空Alandfreefromdestruction,pluswealth,naturalresources，andlaborsupply—allthesewereimportant1inhelpingEnglandtobecomethecenterfortheIndustrialRevolution。2theywerenotenough.Something3wasneededtostarttheindustrialprocess.That“somethingspecial”wasmen—4individualswhocouldinventmachines,findnew5ofpower，andestablishbusinessorganizationstoreshapesociety。Themenwho6themachinesoftheIndustrialRevolution7frommanybackgroundsandmanyoccupations.Manyofthemwere8inventorsthanscientists.Amanwhoisa9scientistisprimarilyinterestedindoinghisresearch10.Heisnotnecessarilyworking11thathisfindingscanbeused。Aninventororoneinterestedinappliedscienceis12tryingtomakesomethingthathasaconcreteuse。Hemaytrytosolveaproblemby13thetheories14scienceorbyexperimentingthroughtrialanderror.Regardlessofhismethod，heisworkingtoobtaina15result：theconstructionofaharvestingmachine，theburningofalightbulb,oroneof16otherobjectives。Mostofthepeoplewho17themachinesoftheIndustrialRevolutionwereinventors，nottrainedscientists。Afewwerebothscientistsandinventors。Eventhosewhohad18ornotraininginsciencemightnothavemadetheirinventions19agroundworkhadnotbeenlaidbyscientistsyears20。1。A。cases B.reasons C。factors D。situations解析：从这四个词的意思上来区分，case是“事例,案例"的意思，reason表原因，factor意为“因素”,situation的意思是“形势,状况”，文中句子的意思是上述条件是使英国成为工业革命中心的重要因素。故选C项。答案：C2。A。But B。And C.Besides D.Even解析:根据上下句的意思，应选一个表转折的连词，只有A项符合题意。答案：A3。A.else B.near C.extra D。similar解析：else意为“其他，别的"，如:WhatelsecanIsay？别的我还能说些什么呢？extra意为“额外的，外加的"，如:anextraloafofbread多加的一条面包，而这句话要表达的是“也需要其他条件”，而不是“额外条件”，排除C项的extra.near和similar意思相差较远,故选A项。答案：A4.A。generating B。effective C.motivating D。creative解析：根据下句的解释，应选“有创造性的”，creative符合题意。generating(产生的、生产的)、motivating（有动机的)和effective（有效的)意思上不贴切.答案：D5。A.origins B.sources C.bases D.discoveries解析：sources意为“来源，根源”，如，sourcesofpower意为“能源"，符合题意。origin的意思是“起因，由来”。如：theoriginofariver河流的源头；base是“基础"的意思；discovery是“发现"的意思。答案：B6.A.employed B。created C。operated D。controlled解析：根据句子的意思，应选create“创造，发明"这个词。答案：B7.A.came B。arrived C.stemmed D.appeared解析:comefrom的意思是“出自，来自”，与后面background搭配，意为“出于……背景"。stemfrom意为“起源于”，如：Herinterestinbooksstemsfromherchildhood.她对书本的兴趣是从童年开始的。B、C两项的意思不对。答案：A8.A.less B.better C.more D.worse解析：more.。.than。.。是固定搭配，意为“与其说……不如……"。本句的意思是“与其说是科学家，不如说是发明家”。答案:C9.A。genuine B。practical C。pure D。clever解析:pure的意思是“纯粹的，单纯的",genuine的意思是“真正的”，practical的意思是“实际的”,clever的意思是“聪明的”，句子的意思是“一个单纯的科学家主要致力于精确的科学研究”。答案：C10.A.happily B.occasionally C。reluctantly D.accurately解析:accurately的意思是“精确的”，符合题意。happily（愉快的），occasionally(时而的，偶然的)和reluctantly(勉强的)均不合题意。答案:D11。A.now B。and C。all D.so解析:sothat是固定搭配，表目的。答案:D12.A。seldom B.sometimes C.all D。never解析：这句话的意思是“一个发明家或热衷于应用科学的人通常试图创造有使用价值的东西”。答案：C13.A。planning B.using C。idea D.means解析:这句话的意思是“通过运用科学理论”，use意为“使用,运用"，故选B项.答案：B14。A。of B。with C.to D.as解析：theoriesofscience的意思是“科学的理论”。答案：A15。A.single B。sole C。specialized D.specific解析：根据句子的意思，“他为了明确的结果而工作”，specific的意思是“明确的",specialized的意思是“专门的"；sole的意思是“独有的，单一的”;single的意思是“单独的，一个人”。答案：D16.A.few B。those C。many D。all解析：根据题意，oneofmanyotherobjectives“许多其他东西中的一种"。all全部；few几乎没有；those那些;均不合题意。答案：C7。A.proposed B。developed C。supplied D。offered解析：develop（使)发展.如：todevelopabusiness发展业务。另一个意思是“研制、开发”，用在这里恰当.如：Manynewproductshavebeendevelopedtomeettheneedsofthepeople.开发了许多新产品以满足人们的需要。propose建议。如：Iproposerestingforhalfanhour.我提议休息半个小时。supply提供、供应。如:Thegovernmentsuppliesfreebookstoschools.政府为学校免费提供图书。offer提供，出价。如：Willyouoffertheguestssomecoffee.你能给客人准备些咖啡吗?答案:B18。A。little B.much C.some D。any解析:本题要求选用的是与no意义相近的不定代词,在四个选项中,只有A项little的意思是“几乎没有",后接不可数名词，符合题意.答案：A19。A。as B.if C.because D。while解析:本题要求填入的是一个连词，用来连接一个表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。本句的意思是说：“如果没有科学家早年打下的基础，那些在科学上接受过很少或没有接受过教育的人就不可能有所发明创造”。if的意思是“如果，假使”，通常用在虚拟条件句中。答案:B20.A.ago B。past C.ahead D.before解析:本题要求填入的副词用来修饰一个过去完成时的谓语动词，即表示过去某个时间以前发生的动作，因而只能用D项before。如：Hewouldnothaveachievedsomuchintheresearchifhehadnotstudiedchemistryyearsbefore.如果他早年没学过化学的话,他在这项研究中就不可能取得这么大的成绩.ago只与一般过去时连用，表示从现在角度看过去的某一时间。如：Hestudiedchemistrymanyyearsago。他好多年前学过化学.答案：DⅣ.阅读理解A“Goforit!”Theexpression“Goforit！"isawayofencouragingsomeonetotrysomething。“Goforit!”meansyoushouldnotworryaboutfailureorbetocareful。Youshouldtakeachance，bebrave，andactfirmly.“Goforit！”getsnamefromfootball。NotfootballasitisplayedinmostcountriessuchasEngland,EgyptorJapan,butthekindoffootballplayedintheUnitedStatesandCanada。Oneofthemostexcitingtimesinfootballcomeswhenateamhasfailed，afterthreeattempts，tomovetheballforwardtenyards。Theteammustmakeacriticaldecision。Theconservative（保守）choiceistokicktheballandaccepttemporarydefeatinordertogainagoodpositionforyourteamthenexttimeitgetstheball.Themoreexcitingchoice，however，istotryafourthandfinaltimetogaintheremainingyardsneeded。Peoplepresentarecertaintoshouttheiradvice。Somewillshout：“Kicktheball!”Butotherswillencouragetheteamtotakeachance。“Goforit！”theywillscream。Inthenineteeneighties，peoplebeganusingthisexpressioninmanykindsofsituationstoencouragesomeonetoactbravely.Thereisnoguarantee（保证）thattheactionyou“goforit”willsucceed。Butthatisthechanceyoutakewhenyoudecidetogoforit.Youputyourfearsbehind.Youchoosecourageoversafety。Youholdyourbreathandgoforit。1.Theexpression“Goforit！"comesfrom________.A.Englishfootball B。EgyptianfootballC。Japanesefootball D。Americanfootball解析:本题为细节题。从“‘Goforit！’getsnamefromfootball”和“thekindoffootballplayedintheUnitedStates"这两句话可知“Goforit！”来源于美国的橄榄球运动.答案：D2。Accordingtothepassage,whenwedecidetogoforit,weonlyconsider________.A。safety B.action C。result D。situation解析:本题为句意理解题.从第二段“‘Goforit!’meansyoushouldnotworryaboutfailureorbetocareful。Youshouldtakeachance,bebrave,andactfirmly.”可推知答案。答案：B3。Inwhichofthefollowingsituationsshouldweusetheexpressionnowadays?A。Wedecidetoavoidtroubleordangerforthefuture.B.WetrytoimproveourEnglishforbettereducation.C。Weneedtomakeaquickdecisionatthelastmoment。D.Wehavetomakeachoicebetweensuccessandfailure。解析：本题为推断题。结合上题的解析,我们可以排除A、D项，而B项与文章无关。答案：CBDoyousupposeDarwin，oneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime，reallydidfools'experiments?Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?Sometimes,peoplethinktheyalreadyknowtheanswertoaquestionorthesolution(解决办法）toaproblem。Sometimes，theyreallydoknowananswerorasolution,butwithoutthinkingtheyareimportant。CharlesDarwindidn’tsettlefor(满足于）justthinkingheknewsomething.And，hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.Supposeyoudropsheetsofpaperthatareofexactlythesamesizeandshape.Ifyoudropthematthesametimeinthesameplace，theywillfallinthesameway。Nowmakeoneofthesheetsofpaperintoatight（紧的）littleballandletitdropalongwiththeothersheets。Whathappens？Youhavedoneanexperimentthatissosimplethatyoumightthinkitcouldn’tbeworthanything.Butthissimpleexperimentisimportant。Itexplainspartofourpresentdayunderstandingsofphysics，ideasthatwereworkedoutlongagobyGalileoandNewton.AndtheseunderstandingssetasidesomeofancientGreekphysics.Scientistsometimesstopstolookatverysimplethingsandtothinkveryhardaboutthem.Eventhesimplestidea,whichwemightthinkisfoolish,canshakethefoundationsofscience。4。ThepassagetellsusthatCharlesDarwin________。A。wasagreatEnglishscientistB.alwayslikeddoingtheexperimentsthatothersthoughtdifficultC。thoughteventhesimplestthingwasimportantD.didn'tgetwellwithothers解析：本题为判断题。短文并没有说CharlesDarwin是哪个国家的科学家，可排除A项;由第二段可知别人认为Darwin的许多实验不值得做,可把B项排除;文中没有论述Darwin与别人相处的事情,可排除D项。由“hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe。”可推出答案为C项。答案：C5。Thephrase“setaside”mostprobablymeans________。A.throwaway B。storeup C.puttouse D。realize解析:本题为词义猜测题。由上文可知作者认为做这个简单实验是重要的,它解释了目前人们对于物理方面的理解。因此这些理解当然是推翻了一些希腊古典物理学的观点。由此可推知setaside与throwaway同义.答案：A6。Theauthorofthepassagetriesto________.A.convinceusthatCharlesDarwin,GalileoandNewtonarethegreatestscientistsintheworldB.drawtheconclusionthatbasicsciencesaresimplethingsC。provethattwosheetsofpaper，withthesamesizeandshape,willfallatthesamespeedD.drawourattentiontoeverydayhappeningsaroundus解析:本题为主旨大意题.短文的最后一段点明最简单的事情都可能动摇科学的根基，旨在告诉读者要留意身边的每一件事，哪怕它非常简单。答案:D7.WhichoneofthefollowingisTRUE？A.Darwinreallydidfools'experiments。B.AccordingtosomepeopleDarwindidfoolishexperiments.C。Itisbelievedbyallthepeoplethatthingscouldbeimportantthoughtheyseemedtobesimple.D。GalileoandNewtonworkedoutancientGreekphysics。解析：本题为细节考查题。短文第一段第二句“Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish？”明确告诉我们,有些人认为Darwin做了愚蠢的实验。答案：B8.WhatcanwelearnfromDarwininthepassage.A。Heiscurious.B。Heiscareful。 C。Heisfoolish. D.Heiscleverthanallthepeople。解析：选项A可以从第三段第一句体现，选项B没有体现，选项C错误,选项D是不可能成立的.答案：ADBillGates,theheadoftheworld’sbiggestcomputersoftwarecompany,theMicrosoftCorporation，hasamission，“Putcomputersoneveryofficedeskandineveryhome。”BillGateshashadthismissionsincehewasauniversitystudentnineteenyearsago.Thisdeeppersonalinterest,togetherwithhistechnicalskillandhisbusinessmarketingskillshelpedhimtocreateagiantcomputercompanyandtomakehimwealthy。Althoughheissowealthy,BillGatesdoesnotwanttogiveup.Heisstillveryinterestedinhisvision(远见）andhetravelstheglobe，fromBeijingtoLondon，makingquickstopsincitiestosellthenewsoftwareproductsofhiscompany.ThecentralvisionofBillGatesisthe“informationhighway"。Thisisanetworkofcomputersthatwilllinkeveryhome,officeandshoppingmallinthefuture.Thiscomputernetworksystemwillhaveaneffectonbusiness，shoppingandeducation。BillGatessaysthatthemainuseofthisnewtechnologywillbeincommunication。BillGatessaysthatthemainuseofthisnewtechnologywillbeincommunication.Itwillbeawaytofindpeoplewithcommoninterestsandtoshareopinionswiththem。Butisthiscommunicationbycomputersalongthe“informationhighway”reallyagoodthing?Won’twebesittingathome,only“socializing”withourcomputers，payingbigcompaniesmoneysothatwecanreceiveinformationthatsomelargecommunicationcorporationsomewherehasdecidedandthatis“acceptable”forustoread?No,saysBillGates,whothinksthatthephrase“informationhighway”isaterriblephrase.Itmakespeoplethinkthatweareallgoingdownthesameroad，hesays。Infact，thecomputernetworkwillletuschooseourownintellectualdirection。Itwillgiveusfreedom。Itwillalsobringgoodtosociety，becauseitwillallowforthespreadofeducation。Whenmoreandmorepeoplereceiveeducation,thegapbetweentherichandthepoorwillnarrow。Inthemeantime，however,thegapbetweentherichandthepoorisstillthere.Tobeaddedtothisnowisthegapbetweenthosewithcomputersandthosewithout.9。Theunderlinedword“mission”inthistextmeansa________.A.course B。job C.duty D.goal解析：根据第一段“Putcomputersoneveryofficedeskandineveryhome。Billhashadthismissionsincehewasauniversitystudentnineteenyearsago"可知比尔·盖茨自从上大学时就有“让每个办公室和每个家庭都有电脑”这个目标，由此可推出答案。答案：D10。ThereasonsforBillGates’successareasfollowsexcept________.A.hisvisionandhistravelovertheworldB。histechnicalskillandhisbusinessmarketingskillsC.themoneywepayfortheinformationreceivedfromthe“informationhighway”D。hisdeeppersonalinterest解析:根据第一段“Thisdeeppersonalinterest,togetherwithhistechnicalskillandhisbusinessmarketingskillhelpedhimtocreateagiantcomputercompanyandtomakehimwealthy"可知比尔·盖茨成功的原因有B、D两项；根据第二段“。..hisvision（远见）andhetravelstheglobe..。makingquickstopsincitiestosellthenewsoftwareproductsofhiscompany”可知A项也是其成功的原因。答案：C11。Thebesttitleofthispassageshouldbe________。A。BillGates,HisVisionandMissionB。TheGaptheComputerBringsaboutC。TheAdvantagesoftheComputerNetworkD。OneoftheWorld’sRichestSelf-madeMen解析:根据文章第一句可知本文是讲述电脑界著名人物BillGates，第一段讲述他的mission，第二、三段讲述他的vision，可推出答案为A项。答案:AEIn1901aGermanscientistnamedWilliamRoentgenreceivedthefirstNobelPrizeforPhysics.HehaddiscoveredX—rays.Hemadehisdiscoverywhenhenoticedthatincertainexperimentsaspecialkindoflightwasmadebythecathoderays(阴极射线)hittingascreen.Theotherscientistsworkingwithhimhadnoticedthislightbuttheydidnotthinkitwasimportant。Roentgenwasthefirstpersontoaskhimselfquestionsaboutthisspecialkindoflight。Whenheexaminedit,hediscoveredanewkindofradiationcalledX-rays.Weoftenthinkthatacreativeideasuddenlycomesintoourheadsfromnowhere。Thisisnotusuallythecase-itcomesbecausewearereadytoreceiveit。WhensomeoneaskedIssacNewtonhowhehaddiscoveredthelawsofgravity，hereplied，“Iamcertainthatanymindworkingonaproblemcontinuouslywillbepreparedforthesuddenanswer.”AlbertEinsteinreceivedtheNobe