2025高考英语二轮复习：阅读题型3 主旨大意题（含答案）

2025高考英语大二轮阅读专题一题型3主旨大意题题

型3主旨大意题

主旨大意即作者在文章或段落中想要表达的主要内容，是文章或段落的核心思想，也是

作者通过行文逻辑和各种细节信息阐明的核心内容。把握主旨大意是英语阅读理解的一项关

键能力，对正确理解全文有重要意义。考生在解题时应通过略读捕捉文中的关键词句，把握

篇章和段落结构，梳理篇章和段落的行文脉络，从而弄清作者的写作思路，最终归纳出主旨

大意。高考阅读理解中，对该关键能力的考查主要有以下三种：归纳段落大意、理解全文主

旨和选定最佳标题。

考向1「段落大意题

段落大意题主要考查考生对段落核心信息的理解，要求考生在理解段落内容的基础上提

炼出核心信息，然后对比选项，选出最契合段落主要内容的选项。段落大意题常见设问形式：

Whatisthefirst/second/...paragraphmainlyabout?Whatdoesparagraph...mainlytalkabout?What

doesthewritertrytoexpressinparagraph...?

【典例剖析】（2024•新课标I,B片段）

,

LeighTindalesdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterLCharlie^had_AJiearLattack3_

Tindalesays,、hewasprepared1。puthim

关键信息1：案例①

2sleep,butFarber'streatnicntscasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewa、abletokeep

himalive「oranadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse.Nappy,

―“movesmoreeasily

关键信息2:案例②

andrides.morecomfortably“一afterachiropracticadjustment,

串联各句内容，提炼段落主旨：

本段主要介绍了两个整体医学的具体的治疗案例：①LeighTindale的狗Charlie患心脏病，

采用整体医学治疗后，病情好转，能够多活5个月；②PriscillaDewing家的马Nappy经过整

体医学治疗后移动更容易，骑着更舒适了。由此可知，本段主要通过这两个具体的治疗案例

来说明整体医学的有效性。

对比分析选项，确定答案：

对比选项发现，D项“整体医学的有效性”与本段主旨最为契合，为正确答案。

26.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

设问方向：第三段的段落大意

A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment.

B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians,work.

C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases.

D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.

【技法归纳】

，分析各句大意）

（的茶.—题串联各句内容,U合并相同内容，

-诩厂1提炼段落主旨?去掉次要内容

，对比分析选项，确定答案］

【即时演练】

A

（2023•全国乙，D片段）

Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnot"privilegeonepartof

humanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,

whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity?slater

achievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate（有文字的）societiesrecordedtheir

concernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.

1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.

B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.

C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords.

D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.

语境猜词：①privilege

©concern

B

（2022•新课标I,D片段）

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned（对

齐），makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptothe

upperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure（结构）,makingiteasiertoproducesuch

sounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagriculture

intheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodoas

muchworkandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.

［Analysesofalanguage①databasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesound

ofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof"f"and"v"increasing②remarkably

duringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmany

hunter-gathererpeopletoday.］paragraph5

2.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D・Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

语境猜词：①database

©remarkably

语境猜词答案

A.①。.给予特权，特别优待②儿重要的事情

B.①九（计算机）数据库，资料库②〃血.不寻常地，惊人地

考向2文章大意题

文章大意题主要考查考生对一篇文章的整体理解，要求考生具备在速读中准确掌握全文

主旨的能力。考生需要在理解全文内容的基础上，通过归纳概括、推理判断等逻辑思维活动，

概括出全文主旨大意。文章大意题常见设问形式：Whatisthetextmainlyabout?What?sthe

mainideaofthetext?Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext?

【典例剖析】（2024•新课标H,C）

Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitcomestofood.However,mostproduceatthestorewent

throughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.WjileJann^l^s

rnore^t第一段主题句］

BMFisanindoorgardensystem.ltcanbesetupforafamily.Additionally,itcouldservea

largeraudiencesuchasahospital,restaurantorschool.

achieYea工eliabl鱼边舞kJxsupRbLQf艇shgieens」第二段主题句］

第三段主题句］Byconnecting

throughtheCloud,BMFisremotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovides

growingdatainrealtime.Becausethesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountof

waterneededtogrowplants.RatherthanwateringrowsofsoiLthesystemprovidesjusttheright

amounttoeachplant.Afterharvest,userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod(容器)

togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.

Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit'seatenmeans/croemissions4#

放)［关键信息］fromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad.Inaddition,there'noneedfor

pesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpollulctraditional「armsandthesurroundingenvironment关键

信息第四段大意］.

第五段主题句］Abouthalfof

themwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionby

limitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic."Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,

carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,“saidaBMFemployee.

串联各段落大意，提炼文章主旨：

①第一段以新鲜食物的重要性及商店农产品运输过程影响新鲜度的问题导入，引出巴比伦微

农场(BMF),指出其大大缩短运输路程的优势。

②第二段强调巴比伦微农场通过创新型设计来保证新鲜蔬菜供应。

③第三段详细说明巴比伦微农场依靠的新技术及其带来的优势。

④第四段和第五段指出巴比伦微农场在可持续发展方面的优势。

综合以上段意可知，本文主要介绍巴比伦微农场(BMF)的优势。

对比分析选项，确定答案：

对比选项发现，A项“巴比伦微农场(BMF)的主要优势”与文章主旨最为契合，为正确答案。

31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

设问方向：本文的大意

A.BMF'smajorstrengths.B.BMF'sgeneralmanagement.

C.BMF'sglobalinfluence.D.BMF'stechnicalstandards.

【技法归纳】

段首句或段尾句

主题转折词后的句子或疑问

句句的答语_____________

分析各段

落大意表示总结或结论的句子

q高频词、核心词

文章大

串联各段落大意，口合并相同内容,去掉次

意题提炼文章主旨口要内容

U对比分析选项，确定答案)

【即时演练】(2023•浙江1月，B)

Livewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou're

lookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumpon

thatbandwagon.

IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwas

livingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletely

zerowastelikeme.I'velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou'11find

encouragingifyou'redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeina

not-always-supportivehousehold.

Zerowastewasaradicallifestylemovementafewyearsback.Iremembershowingmyparents

avideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,andhave

solittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydad

commentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.ltcameoffasabitdiscouraging.

Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyown

reach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremovingthingsIdidn'tneed.SinceIhadmyown

toiletries（洗漱用品），Iwasabletostart①personalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.!also

offeredtocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowaste

groceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon'tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontrol

overyourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.

Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourselfif

otherscommentonwhatyou'redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.Ifyou

haveindividualswhoarenot③onboard,yourwordsprobablywon'tdomuchandcanoftenleave

youfeelingmorediscouraged.

Sohereismyadvice：Leadbyaction.

Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.

B.Howtohaveone'sownpersonalspaceathome.

C.Howtoliveazerowastelifestyleinahousehold.

D.Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.

语境猜词：©personalise___________________________

②everysooften__________________

③onboard______________

语境猜词答案

①。.使个性化，为个人特制②偶尔，间或③支持

考向3标题归纳题

标题是文章中心思想的精练表达。标题归纳题主要考查考生把握文章主旨、理解文章中

心思想的能力，要求考生在理解文章的基础上运用判断、归纳、概括等方法，对文章的主题

进行提炼或高度概括，最终准确地选出文章的标题。标题归纳题常见设问形式：Whichisthe

mostsuitabletitleforthetext?Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?Whichofthefollowing

wouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleforthe

passage?

【典例剖析】（2024•全国甲，B）

Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshave

distinctvocals（声音）thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsor

句］Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou'reableto

interpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However,

whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstarts

assoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother?sattentionandbefed.

串联各段落大意，提炼文章主旨：

①第一段段意：猫是一种特殊的动物，拥有惊人的发声技能。

man'senses^senseimpressive

Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywill

sniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareable

todistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyour

faceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That?swhymost

petcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon't

usuallylike.

三段主题句］Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisa

veryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators（食肉动物）.Catsbringgiftsfortheir

ownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeen

intheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!

②第二段段意：猫有许多敏锐的感官，尤其是它们的嗅觉更令人印象深刻。

③第三段段意：猫的抓取能力很强。

综合以上段意可知，本文主要介绍猫的一些行为习惯以及背后的原因和意义。

对比分析选项，确定答案：

对比选项发现，B项“了解你的猫的行为”概括精准，统领全文，为正确答案。其他干扰项：

A项“找一只聪明猫的小贴士”，C项“和你的猫玩得开心”和D项“如何让你的猫保持健

康”都偏离了主题。

27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

设问方向：适合本文的标题

A.TipsonFindingaSmartCatB.UnderstandingYourCat,sBehavior

C.HaveFunwithYourCatD.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy

【技法归纳】

段首句或段尾句

主题转折词后的句子或疑问

句句的答语

d分析各段卜表示总结或结论的句子

落大意

T高频词、核心词

串联各段落大意，合并相同内容，去掉次

标题归提炼文章主旨要内容

纳题

概括精准

正确选项特点

统领全文

醒目新颖

对比分析

选项，确定以偏概全

答案干扰项特征

概括过度

无中生有

唧时演练】（2024•浙江1月，D）

TheStanfordmarshmallow（棉花糖）testwasoriginallyconductedby!psychologistWalter

Mischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.A

singlesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaited

for15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleftalone

intheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetweenanability

towaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'renottempted（诱惑）by

sugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthatconnectustothe

globaldeliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdoto

preschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andour

brainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue—afeelingof

rewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthe

costandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsof

yearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoods

thatweknowweshouldn'teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasa

specieswasinformation-poor，soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednew

information.Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenow

④ceaselesslybombarded(轰炸)withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemore

thoughtfulaboutourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutour

informationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood“inordertomanage

ourtimemosteffectively.

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMore

B.TheBitterTruthAboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetter

D.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

语境猜词：©psychologist

©mismatch_________________

(3)information-poor_________________

©ceaselessly___________________

语境猜词答案

①几心理学家②儿不协调；错配③。力•.信息贫乏的

④〃公.不停地

答案精析

考向1

1.A［段落大意题。根据选段内容可知，本段主要讲述的是历史应该如何被展示，即通过

文字和实物相结合。故选A。］

2.A［段落大意题。根据第五段，尤其是其中的"Analysesofalanguagedatabasealso

confirmedv可知，本段主要提出支持上文研究结果的证据。故选A。］

考向2

C［主旨大意题。通读全文尤其根据第二段内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者是如何在家庭中

践行零浪费的生活方式的。故选C。］

考向3

D［标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据第二段内容可知，文章主要是讲在信息化时代我们作为

成年人也每天都在面对“棉花糖测试”，需要抵抗各种电子设备带来的海量信息的诱惑，所

以D项“成年人的棉花糖测试”概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选D。］

题型4词句猬测题

词句猜测题基本上是阅读理解每年必考的题型。此类题型旨在考查考生根据上下文推断

单词、短语或句子的本意或外延含义的能力，既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新

义，还可以是对代词所指代内容的判断。

考向1词义猜测题

词义猜测题主要考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个单词或词组含

义的能力，这些词和词组往往超出考纲范围，但在文章阅读中起到一定的作用。词义猜测题

的设问方式主要有：Whatdoestheunderlinedword/phrase"”inparagraph...mean/referto?

What'sclosestinmeaningtoinparagraph...?Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"…”

underlinedinparagraph...?Whichexpressioncanbestreplacetheunderlinedword/phrase

inparagraph...?

技法1根据逻辑关系猜词义

【典例剖析】（2024•新课标H,D片段）

Inthewronghands,

线索句

process^asjthe^coni^utercode（jf£^XjttlM^WG£S^|but,thankfully，

信号词

线索句

验证句

mfonriatiyeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAL

32.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands“inparagraph2probablymean?

设问方向：第二段中画线短语“Inthewronghands”的意思

A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.

B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.

C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.

D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.

判断逻辑关系：信号词but,thankfully表示转折关系，暗示画线短语所在部分与后面的意思

相反。

分析解题线索并推断词义：后面的句子提到坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，能把复杂难懂的东

西翻译成可以理解的东西。结合转折关系可以推断，前面应该表示“如果是由能力较差的人

来写，这样一本书可能会和驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂”，故推测画线短语表示“如

果是由能力不足的人写的”。

验证词义：后文说她从一个商业人士的实际角度而不是从一个学者的角度来写作，这使得这

本指南非常容易理解而且信息丰富。这也证明了她有能力，写得好，故C项正确。

【技法归纳】

上定位解题线索H根据题干关键词定位

无信号词根据句意判断

转折:but,unfortunately,however,yet等

T判断逻辑关系卜

有信号词选择:or,either...or...,orelse,otherwise等

根据信号词判断

对比:while,incontrast,than,unlike等

根据逻辑_

因果:because,as,since,so,therefore,thus等

关系猜词义

并列或递进:also,similarly,or,and（even）等

分析解题线索分析解题线索的意思，结合其与画线词所在部分的逻辑关系推测

并推断词义画线词的意思

U验证词义H在上下文找其他线索进行验证或代入原文进行藤

【即时演练】

A（因果关系）

Thediscoveryismomentousbecausemicroplasticsaresosmallthatscientistshavestruggled

toremovethemfromoceans，rivers，andotherbodiesofwater.Typicalwastewatertreatmentplants

simplydonothavethetechnologytofullycatchthemsotheyoftenmaketheirwaytotheocean，

wheretheyarelikelytobeeatenbyfish.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“momentous“probablymean?

A.Accidental.B.Significant.

C.Complex.D.Interesting.

B（对比关系）

MonetwasraisedinLeHavre,Normandy.Hebecameinterestedintheoutdoorsanddrawing

fromanearlyage.HismotherLouiseJustineAubreeMonetendorsedhisambitionstobeapainter,

whilehisfatherClaudeAdolphedisapprovedandwantedhimtopursueacareerin

business.However,Monetchosetofollowhisheart.

2.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“endorsed”?

A.Fulfilled.B.Trusted.

C.Supported.D.Confirmed.

C（选择关系）

“Forexample,doctorscouldsomedayusethetechnologytohelpthemdecidewhetherto

continueorterminatethetreatmentofpeoplewithdisorders,“Lanovaz，aresearcherofthestudy，

said.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“terminate"mean?

A.Postpone.B.Receive.

C.Stop.D.Refuse.

D（递进关系）

Constantly，wetlandsare“transitionzones“betweendrylandandwater.Duringfloods，they

spongeupexcess（过量的）rainwaterandevenprotectpeoplefromthedamageofflooding.Onthe

coast,wetlandshelpreducetheimpactofstormsurgepushedontolandbypowerfulstormslike

hurricanes.Protectingenvironmentcanhelpwildlifegrowwellandprotectusfromthechanging

climate.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlined“spongeup”？

A.Block.B.Absorb.

C.Steam.D.Produce.

技法2根据语法关系猜词义

【典例剖析】（2021•全国甲，C片段）

Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethe

continuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.!lovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththe

localskaters.

原文关键词=题干线索词一

I

Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite：|Safe」Safemeant

信息句信号词

whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（横

杆），Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup：

“Safe,man.Safe."Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboards

loud,shouting："Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered-landingtricks,beingagood

skater.

分析句子，找寻语法关系信号词，做出猜测：

由信息句可知，信号词为meant,说明后面的内容是对前面的解释，所以根据后面的cool,

hello和don'tworry可知，safe在这一群人之间可以表示赞扬、问候或安慰，结合画线词是

朋友们在作者掌握一项技巧之后所说，故推断“Safe!Safe!Safe!”应该是赞扬的意思。

对比选项，确定答案：

对比选项知B项“做得好！”为正确答案。

29.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“二仁！8a⑹Safe!"probablymean?定位题干线索词？

设问方向：画线词“Safe!Safe!Safe!的意思

A.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway!D.Don'tworry!

【技法归纳】

r〔定位解题线索H根据题干关键词定位

定语从句,尤其是which/who引导的非限制性定语从句

._____________.同位语/同位语从句:对前面内容进行解释说明

分析句子，找寻

举例用语：forinstance/example,suchas,like,inother

根据语法关系—语法关系信号-

words...

猜词义词，作出猜测

标点符号：破折号、冒号、分号、引号、括号等

下定义：mean,referto,bedefinedas,represent,be

called/named等后面的内容对前面内容进行解释说明

U对比选项确定答案）

【即时演练】

1.Pantomimereferstoashortplayinwhichnowordsarespoken.

2.Semantics,thestudyofthemeaningofwords,isnecessaryifyouaretospeakandread

intelligently.

3.Youmayborrowfromthelibraryanyperiodicals：NewsWeek"ReadersDigest.

4.IamaboywholikesreadingandIreadallkindsofbooks.WhenIdothis,Ihaveendedupwith

twospeeds-fastandslowdependingonhowworthwhileIfindthebook.Iliketoanalyzeand

ponderoverthewordsandcontentsofthebooks,whichcansharpenmymind.

Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“ponderover“inthisparagraphmean?

A.Thinkabout.B.Speakout.

C.Cutdown.D.Takeover.

技法3根据构词法猜词义

【典例剖析】（2023•新课标I,C片段）

Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailed

explorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks，andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyif

youdecideit'srightforyou.

Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophical

foundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingso

manypeople?sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionof

thedigitalminimalismphilosophy.

Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy：the

digitaldeclutter.

[1]判断画线词类型：派生词：词根clutter。.凌乱地塞满；乱堆放n.杂乱的东西；杂乱前

缀de-为否定前缀，有去除之意

⑵初步确定词义：所猜词意思=词根意思+前缀意思，“去除杂乱的东西；使不再凌乱”，

即“清理”

theend

[3]验证词义：画线词后句中的Thisprocess指代thedigitaldecluttero该句提至U这个过程要求

读者在30天内远离可选择的网络活动。由此可知，作者应是建议读者进行网络活动的清理，

推知declutter意为“清理”，备选项中，clear-up与此同义，故A项为正确答案。

ofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthat

youbelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.

Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'11guideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigital

declutter.Indoingso,I'11drawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreed

toperformadigitaldeclutter.You?11heartheseparticipants,storiesandlearnwhatstrategies

workedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter“inparagraph3mean?

设问方向：第三段中画线单词"declutter"的意思

A.Clear-up.B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.

【技法归纳】

合成词（两个及以上单词合成新词）_________________

d判断画线词画卜派生词（添加词缀构成新词）

转化词（由一种词性转化成另一种词性而词形不变）

d合成词门画线词的意思是各个组合词的意思的综合

-JyfjpZtiHlV-词缀改变词义画线词的意思为词缀意思+词根意思

根据构词1依土

初步确定词义卜词缀改变词性画线词的意思与词根意思相近

法猜词义-1

形容词转化为动词

转化词动词转化为名词

名词转化为动词

利用上下文线索进行验证

F验证词义^---------------------------

代入文中来进行验证

【即时演练】

1.（合成词）Goodtooldesignisimportantinthepreventionofoveruseinjuries.Well-designedtools

andequipmentwillrequirelessforcetooperatethemandpreventawkward（另！J扭的）handposition.

2.（派生词）Exhibitionofficialssaidthatapersonbittenbyoneofthesesnakeswouldneedatleast

80mlofananti-poisonmedicinetobesaved.

3.（转化词）RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphere

andhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.

Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup“intheparagraphmeans.

A.cleaningupB.takingin

C.wipingoutD.givingup

技法4根据上下文语境猜词义

上下文语境是猜测画线部分含义的重要依据之一。在解题时，考生需要“瞻前顾后”，

全面考虑文章所要表达的含义。有时，文章会在上下文中给出线索，考生可依此猜测画线部

分的含义。

【典例剖析】（2024.新课标I,C片段）

largeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.

线索1

Tjhfejtenefits^ofprintjreading^particularlx

线索2

shinethroughwhen-experimentersmovefr-Qm-posingsimple

线索3

taskslikeidenlil'yingthemainideainareadingpassagetoonesthalrequiremenial

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough"inparagraph2mean?

设问方向：画线短语"shinethrough"的意思

A.Seemunlikelytolast.

B.Seemhardtoexplain.

C.Becomereadytouse.

D.Becomeeasytonotice.

瞻前顾后寻找线索：

线索1：当阅读几百或更多字的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在电子屏幕上学习更成功。

线索2:阅读印刷品的好处尤其……

线索3:当实验人员从提出简单的任务（如识别阅读文章中的主要思想）到需要思维抽象的任务

（如从文本中推断）时。

分析解题线索并推断词义：

由画线词前面的线索1可知，在纸上学习非常有优势，线索2在程度上递进说优