科学与技术（解析版）- 2025年高考英语热点话题阅读与时文阅读

专题07科学与技术（解析版）

【材料来源：TheNewYorkTimesMar29,2024]

ShouldWeFeartheWokeA.L?

Imagineashortstoryfromthegoldenageofsciencefiction,somethingthatwouldappearinapulpmagazine

in1956.Ourtitleis“TheTruthEngine,9,andthestoryenvisionsafuturewherecomputers,thosehulking,

floor-to-ceilingthings,becomepotentenoughtoguidehumanbeingstoanswerstoanyquestiontheymightask,

fromthecapitalofBoliviatothebestwaytomarinadeasteak.

Howwouldsuchastoryend?Withsomekindofreveal,nodoubt,ofasecretagendalurkingbehindthe

promiseofall-encompassingknowledge.Forinstance,maybethere9saTruthEngine2.0,smarterandmore

creative,thateveryonecan'twaittogettheirhandson.Andthenabandofdissidentsdiscoverthatversion2.0is

fanaticalandmad,thattheEnginehasjustbeenpreparinghumansfortotalitarianbrainwashingorinvoluntary

extinction.

Thisflightoffancyisinspiredbyoursociety'sownversionoftheTruthEngine,theoracleofGoogle,which

recentlydebutedGemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace.Itdidn'ttakelongforusersto

noticecertain...odditieswithGemini.ThemostnotablewasitsstruggletorenderaccuratedepictionsofVikings,

ancientRomans,Americanfoundingfathers,randomcouplesin1820sGermanyandvariousotherdemographics

usuallycharacterizedbyapalerhueofskin.

PerhapstheproblemwasjustthattheA.I.wasprogrammedforracialdiversityinstockimagery,andits

historicalrenderingshadsomehow(asacompanystatementputit)“missedthemark”-delivering,forinstance,

AfricanandAsianfecesinWehrmachtuniformsinresponsetoarequesttoseeaGermansoldiercirca1943.

ButthewayinwhichGeminiansweredquestionsmadeitsnonwhitedefaultsseemmorelikeaweird

emanationoftheA.I/sunderlyingworldview.Usersreportedbeinglecturedon"'harmfulstereotypes^^whenthey

askedtoseeaNormanRockwellimage,beingtoldtheycouldseepicturesofVladimirLeninbutnotAdolfHitler,

andturneddownwhentheyrequestedimagesdepictinggroupsspecifiedaswhite(butnototherraces).Describing

thesekindsofresultsas"wokeA.I."isn'taninsult.Ifsatechnicaldescriptionofwhattheworld'sdominantsearch

enginedecidedtorelease.

【译文欣赏】

我们应该害怕觉醒的人工智能吗？

想象一下科幻小说黄金时代的一个短篇故事，它出现在1956年的一本通俗杂志上。我们的标题是《真

理引擎》，这个故事设想了一个未来，那些庞大、从地板到天花板的计算机变得足够强大，能够引导人类

找到他们可能提出的任何问题的答案，从玻利维亚的首都到牛排的最佳腌制方法。

这种奇思妙想的灵感来自我们社会自己的“真理引擎”，即谷歌的预言者，它最近推出了Gemini,这

是人工智能竞赛中的最新参与者。用户很快就注意到了Gemini的一些……异常。最引人注目的是，它这样

的故事会如何结束呢？毫无疑问，在全知全能的知识承诺背后隐藏着一个秘密议程。例如，也许存在一个

真理引擎2.0更智能、更有创意，每个人都迫不及待地想要拥有。然后一群持不同政见者发现2.0版本是狂

热和疯狂的，这台引擎只是在为人类准备全面的洗脑或非自愿的灭绝。

这种奇思妙想的灵感来自我们社会自己的“真理引擎”，即谷歌的预言者，它最近推出了Gemini,这

是人工智能竞赛中的最新参与者。用户很快就注意到了Gemini的一些……异常。最引人注目的是，它在渲

染维京人、古罗马人、美国开国元勋、1820年代德国的随机情侣以及其他通常被描述为肤色较浅的群体时

遇到了困难。

也许问题只是人工智能被编程用于库存图像中的种族多样性，而它的历史渲染在某种程度上（正如公

司声明中所说）“偏离了目标”一一例如，在回应要求看到大约1943年的德国士兵的请求时，它展示了非

洲和亚洲面孔的穿着德国国防军制服的人。

但Gemini回答问题的方式使得它的非白人默认设置看起来更像是人工智能潜在世界观的奇怪体现。用

户报告说，当他们要求看到诺曼•洛克威尔的图像时，他们被“有害的刻板印象”所教导；当他们要求看

到弗拉基米尔•列宁的图片时，他们被告知可以看到，但不能看到阿道夫•希特勒的图片；当他们要求展

示指定为白人的群体（但不是其他种族）的图像时，他们被拒绝了。将这些结果描述为“觉醒的人工智能”

并不是一种侮辱。这是一种技术描述，描述了世界主导的搜索引擎决定发布的内容。

【词汇积累】

1.pulp/pAlp/n.浆状物;纸浆

2.envision/m'vijan/v.想象

3.hulking/'hAlkiq/adj.笨重的

4.potent/'pootnt/adj.强大的

5.agendum/o'dsendam/n.议程

6.all-encompassing/,o:lin'kAmpssig/adj.包罗万象的

7.involuntary/in'vadan^Eri/adj.无意识的

8.demographic/.demagreefik/adj.人口的

9.hue/hju:/n.颜色

10.diversity/dai'v3：rsiti/n,多样性

11.emanation/,emsnei|bn/n.发出

12.weird/wird/adj.奇怪的

【长难句分析】

原句

Thisflightoffancyisinspiredbyoursociety'sownversionoftheTruthEngine,theoracleofGoogle,which

recentlydebutedGemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace.

译文

这种奇思妙想的灵感来自我们社会自己的“真理引擎”，即谷歌的预言者，它最近推出了Gemini,这是人工

智能竞赛中的最新参与者。

分析

+一[主句：Thisflightoffancyisinspiredbyoursociety?sownversionoftheTruthEngine,theoracleofGoogle]

II

+一[定语从句：whichrecentlydebutedGemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace]

II

+--[宾语：Gemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace]

II

+一[同位语：thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace]

（一）

（2024,河南关R州•三模）Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,lifeismademucheasierwhenyoutravel

around.Herearesometoptravelappsforyoutouse.

YelpWhenyouareinanewlocationandneeda

ZomatolnChina,thereisagoodchanceyou

quickrecommendation,Yelpcomesinhandy.Itgives

haveneverheardofZomato.Insomecountries,

insightsintothequalityofbusinessesandservices,from

however,itismorepopularthanYelp,anditcoversthe

restaurantstothewayinwhichtheywork,basedonuser

sameground.Zomatoisaremarkablecrowd-sourced

reviews.Theuserscancertainlymakeunfair

reviewwebsite,mostlyforrestaurants.Insomeregions,

judgementsforpersonalreasonsattimes,butYelpoften

youcanorderdeliveryfoodthroughZomato,too.

atleastletsyougetasenseofwhattoexpect.

HappyCowlfyouareapersonwhodoesn'teatTripadvisorYoucanreaddifferentreviewsof

meatorfish,orevendoesn'tuseanimalproductssuchhotels,restaurantsandevenactivities,writtenby

asmeat,milkoreggsorifyouareonlylookingforamembersoftheTripadvisorcommunity,aswellassee

healthymealoptionaftereatingnot-so-healthymealsphotostheyhaveuploadedsoyouknowwhattoexpect

forseveraldaysinarow,youaresuretoappreciatebeforeyouarrive.Tripadvisorhasrelationshipswith

HappyCow.Theappandweb-sitehelpyoufindvariousbookingsites,too,whichmeansonceyoufinish

restaurants,cafes,healthfoodstores,andotherplacestoresearchinghotelsorrestaurants,youcanusually

getameat-freemeal.reservethemwithjustafewextraclicks.

1.WhatdoYelpandZomatohaveincommon?

A.Theyprovidedeliveryservicesquickly.

B.Theyexpectuserstopromotetheirservices.

C.Theyonlyrecommendhotelsandrestaurants.

D.Theybasetheirrecommendationsonuserreviews.

2.Whichappsuitsthepersonwhodoesn'teatmeat?

A.Yelp.B.HappyCow.C.Tripadvisor.D.Zomato.

3.WhatsetsTripadvisorapartfromothertravelapps?

A.Itisofferedfreeofcharge.B.Itislinkedtobookingplatforms.

C.Itrecommendsnearbyattractions.D.Itgivescorrecthotelratinginformation.

【答案速查】1.D2.B3.B

【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了一些顶级的旅游应用程序。

1.推理判断题。根据Yelp部分中的“Itgivesinsightsintothequalityofbusinessesandservices,fromrestaurants

tothewayinwhichtheywork,basedonuserreviews.（根据用户评论，它可以洞察企业和服务的质量，从餐馆

到他们的工作方式。）“和Zomato部分中的"Zomatoisaremarkablecrowd-sourcedreviewwebsite,mostlyfor

restaurants.（Zomato是一个了不起的众包评论网站，主要针对餐馆。）“可知，Yelp和Zomato的共同之处是他

们的推荐都基于用户评论。故选D。

2.细节理解题。根据HappyCow部分中的"Ifyouareapersonwhodoesn'teatmeatorfish,orevendoesn'tuse

animalproductssuchasmeat,milkoreggsorifyouareonlylookingforahealthymealoptionaftereating

not-so-healthymealsforseveraldaysinarow,youaresuretoappreciateHappyCow.（如果你是一个不吃肉或鱼

的人，甚至不使用动物产品，如肉，牛奶或鸡蛋，或者如果你只是在连续几天吃不太健康的食物后寻找健

康的膳食选择，你一定会喜欢“开心牛”。）”可知，“开心牛”软件适合不吃肉食的人。故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据Tripadvisor部分中的"Tripadvisorhasrelationshipswithvariousbookingsites,too,which

meansonceyoufinishresearchinghotelsorrestaurants,youcanusuallyreservethemwithjustafewextra

clicks.（Tripadvisor也与许多预订网站建立了合作关系，这意味着一旦你搜索完酒店或餐馆，你通常只需再点

击几下就可以预订它们。厂可知，Tripadvisor与其它旅行软件的不同之处是它与预订平台链接。故选B。

原句

Ifyouareapersonwhodoesn'teatmeatorfish,orevendoesn'tuseanimalproductssuchasmeat,milkor

eggsorifyouareonlylookingforahealthymealoptionaftereatingnot-so-healthymealsforseveraldaysina

row,youaresuretoappreciateHappyCow.

译文

如果你是一个不吃肉或鱼的人，甚至不使用动物产品，如肉，牛奶或鸡蛋，或者如果你只是在连续几天

吃不太健康的食物后寻找健康的膳食选择，你一定会喜欢“开心牛，

分析

+一[主句：youaresuretoappreciateHappyCow]

I

+--[条件状语从句：Ifyouareaperson]

I

十一[定语从句：whodoesn'teatmeatorfish,orevendoesn'tuseanimalproductssuchasmeat,

milkoreggs]

I

十一[条件状语从句：ifyouareonlylookingforahealthymealoption]

+一[时间状语从句：aftereatingnot-so-healthymealsforseveraldaysinarow]

闻忙原］禀

1.handyadj.便利的2.insightn.洞察力

3.recommendationn.推荐4.unfairadj.不公平的

5.judgementn.判断6.deliveryn.送货

7.appreciatev.欣赏8.optionn.选项

9.reservev.预订lO.uploadv.上传

（二）

（2024-四川达州•二模）Withtheoceancoveringmorethan70%oftheEarth5ssurface,theNational

OceanicandAtmosphericAdministration（NOAA）saidscientistsandresearchershaddependedonsonar（声口内）

technologiestounderstandandmaptheseafloorwhichhadchartedonlyabout10%oftheworld'socean.Forthe

oceanandcoastalwatersintheUS,thenumberisjustaround35%.

Weknowlessaboutourplanet'soceanthanwhatweknowaboutthefarsideofthemoonorthesurfaceof

Mars.Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringanunderwatercamera.Researchers

haveusedshipstorechargecamerasorobservedwithacameratiedtoashiptosolvetheissue,whichisexpensive

andunsuitableforlong-termobservations.

Recently,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenamajorsteptoironout

thisproblembydevelopingabattery-free,wirelessunderwatercamerathatcouldharvestenergyunderwateronits

ownforlongperiods.

Tokeeppowerconsumptionaslowaspossible,theresearchersusedoff-the-shelf,ultra-low-powerimaging

sensors.Thedevicetakescolorphotos,evenindarkunderwaterenvironments,andsendsimagedatawirelessly

throughthewater.

Thecameraispoweredbysound.Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwater

intoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.Aftergettingandencodingimage

data,thecameraalsousessoundwavestosendthedatatoareceiverthatreconstructstheimage.Thosesound

wavescouldcomefromanysource,likeapassingshipormarinelife.Asitdoesn'tneedapowersource,the

cameracouldrunforweeksonendbeforegettingitback,enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfor

newspecies.

Nowthatresearchershavedemonstratedaworkingprototype(原型)，theyplantoenhancethedevicesoitis

practicalinreal-worldsettings.Forfutureapplication,thesecamerasmaybeusedtotakeimagesofoceanpollution

andcreatemoreaccuratemodelstomonitorclimatechangetobetterunderstandhowclimatechangeimpactsthe

underwaterworld,andadvancevariousunderseascientificfields.

4.Whatdothedatainparagraph1mainlyshow?

A.UnderseaexplorationispoorintheUS.

B.Muchoftheplanet5soceanremainsunexplored.

C.Themappingoftheseaflooristime-consuming.

D.Technologydevelopmentmattersalottoseaobservation.

5.Whatlimitstheresearchers9underseaexplorationaccordingtothetext?

A.Thecomplexityoftheseaenvironment.

B.Theconcernaboutpotentialseapollution.

C.Theshortageofinvestmentinoceanexploration.

D.Theinabilitytoeffectivelypowerunderwatercameras.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“ironouf,inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Overcome.B.Face.

C.Analyze.D.Illustrate.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheMITunderwatercamera?

A.Secureandstable.B.Expensivebuteffective.

C.Impracticalbutadvanced.D.Self-sufficientandenergy-saving.

【答案速查】4.B5.D6.A7.D

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是麻省理工学院的研究人员开发了一种将声波在水中传播的

机械能转化为电能，为成像和通信设备提供动力的无线水下相机。

4.推理判断题。根据首段"Withtheoceancoveringmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurface,theNationalOceanic

andAtmosphericAdministration（NOAA）saidscientistsandresearchershaddependedonsonar（声呐）

technologiestounderstandandmaptheseafloorwhichhadchartedonlyabout10%oftheworld'socean.Forthe

oceanandcoastalwatersintheUS,thenumberisjustaround35%.（由于海洋覆盖了地球表面的70%以上，美国

国家海洋和大气管理局表示，科学家和研究人员依靠声纳技术来了解和绘制海底地图，而海底地图只占世

界海洋面积的10%左右。对于美国的海洋和沿海水域，这一数字仅为35%左右。户可知，海洋占地球表面

面积的70%,而科学家和研究人员依靠声纳技术来了解和绘制的海底地图只占10%左右，美国海域，这一

数字也只占35%左右，这些数据表明了地球上的大部分海洋仍未被探索。故选B项。

5.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringan

underwatercamera.（缺乏观察的部分原因是水下摄像机的供电困难。）”可知，缺乏对海洋观察的部分原因是

水下摄像机的供电困难，由此可知，无法有效地为水下摄像机提供动力限制了研究者的海底探索。故选D

项。

6.词义猜测题o根据第二段中的"Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringan

underwatercamera.（缺乏观察的部分原因是水下摄像机的供电困难。）”可知，无法有效地为水下摄像机提供

动力限制了研究者的海底探索，结合画线短语前的“Recently,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology（MIT）havetakenamajorstep（最近，麻省理工学院的研究人员迈出了重要的一步）”可知，就这个

问题麻省理工学院的研究人员迈出了重要的一步。结合画线短语后的“bydevelopingabattery-free,wireless

underwatercamerathatcouldharvestenergyunderwateronitsownforlongperiods.（他们开发了一种无需电池的

无线水下相机，这种相机可以在水下长时间收集能量。）”可知，他们开发了一种无需电池的无线水下相机，

这种相机能在水下长时间收集能量，由此推知，麻省理工学院的研究人员应该是在解决这个问题方面迈出

了重要的一步，所以画线短语的意思应与“解决”意义相近。故选A项。

7.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的"Thecameraispoweredbysound.Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsound

wavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.（这台

摄像机是由声音驱动的。它将声波在水中传播的机械能转化为电能，为成像和通信设备提供动力。）”可知，

该摄像机将声波转化成电能为成像和通信提供动力，由此可知，该相机可以自给自足，结合下文中的“Asit

doesn'tneedapowersource,thecameracouldrunforweeksonendbeforegettingitback,enablingscientiststo

searchremotepartsoftheoceanfornewspecies.（由于它不需要电源，相机可以连续运行数周才返回，使科学

家能够在海洋的偏远地区寻找新物种。）”可知，这种摄像机不需要电源，所以可以节约能源。综合以上信息，

该摄像机既可以自给自足又能节约能源。故选D项。

❷©;0。©，

原句

Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersits

imagingandcommunicationsequipment.

译文

它将声波在水中传播的机械能转化为电能，为成像和通信设备提供动力。

分析

+--[主句：Itchangesmechanicalenergy]

I

十一[介词短语：fromsoundwavestravelingthroughwater]

I

+--[介词短语：intoelectricalenergy]

I

十一[定语从句：thatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment]

1.sonarn.声呐2.chartv.绘制

3.surfacen.表面4.observationn.观察

5.unsuitableadj.不适合的6.mechanicaladj.机械的

7.communicationsn.通讯8.receivern.接收器

9.prototypen.原型10.enhancev.增强

（三）

（2024•湖南衡阳•模拟预测）Busystreets,loudnoises,andgreybuildingscanmakecitylifeexhaustingand

boring.Findingasolutiontotheseissuesmightbepossiblebyturningtonature,whichcanhelpusfeelcalmand

refreshed.

Addingvegetationorcolorfuldesignsmaymakecitiesmoreenjoyabletolivein.However,growingplants

orcoveringbuildingsinpainttotesttheseapproachesiscostlyandinconvenient.Moreover,studyingthese

phenomenaoutdoorscanbetricky,asmanyfactorscanaffectthefinalresults."Measuringpleasureandmotivation

innaturalsettingsisextremelyhard,^^explainedProf.YvonneDelevoye."Humanreactionsaresensitiveto

environmentalchanges,suchasweatherortraffic.Consequently,weusedvirtualrealitytomeasurereactionsto

thesefactorsinavirtualurbanspace.”

Thegroupusedvirtualrealitytomakeacitysettingthatfeltreal.Theymadetwoversions:onewithno

vegetation,andanotherwithsomegreenvegetation.Theyalsointroducedcolorfulpatternsontoapath.Thenthey

invitedstudentstoparticipateinthestudy.WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot,thestudentsspenttime

exploringthevirtualenvironment.Tofindoutwherethevolunteerswerelookingandforhowlong,eachheadset

includedaneyetracker.

Theresearchersfoundthatthestudentswalkedmoreslowlywhentherewasgreenvegetationpresentinthe

experiment,andtheirheartrateincreased.Theywouldspendlesstimelookingatthegroundandmoretime

observingtheirsurroundings.Theseresultsindicateapleasurableexperience.Brightcolorpatternsalonedidnot

havequitethesameupliftingeffectasthegreenvegetation,buttheyinspiredinterestandpassionofthestudents

andattractedtheirstarewhileincreasingtheirheartrate.

Virtualrealitymightbeausefulresourceforurbanplanners,allowingthemtoexperimentwithdifferent

elementsinavirtualenvironment.Inthefuture,theresearchersaimtoimprovetheVRexperiencetogeteven

betterandmorepreciseoutcomes.

8.Whatwastheprimaryreasonforusingvirtualrealityinthestudy?

A.Tocreateanentertaininggameforstudents.

B.Todemonstratetheinconvenienceofurbanlife.

C.Toprovethesuperiorityoftechnologyovernature.

D.Tomeasurereactionswithoutenvironmentalinfluence.

9.Howdidtheparticipantsinteractwiththevirtualenvironmentinthestudy?

A.Bywalkingaroundarealcity.

B.Bymakinguseofaneyetracker.

C.Bywearingaheadsetandwalkingonsite.

D.Byobservingthroughascreenwithoutmoving.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"uplifting“mostprobablymean?

A.Powerful.B.Cheerful.C.Encouraging.D.Healing.

11.Whatpotentialbenefitofvirtualrealityismentionedforurbanplanning?

A.Reducingthecostsofurbandevelopmentsignificantly.

B.Providingaplatformfortestingvariousurbanelements.

C.Predictingfutureurbanchallengeswithpreciseresults.

D.Helpingcitiesavoidusingrealvegetationinurbanspace.

【答案速查】8.D9.C10.B11.B

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项利用虚拟现实技术进行城市环境中自然元素和色彩设计对人

们情绪的影响的研究。研究结果表明，绿色植被和明亮的色彩图案可以提高人们的情绪和兴趣。

8.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Humanreactionsaresensitivetoenvironmentalchanges,suchasweatherortraffic.

Consequently,weusedvirtualrealitytomeasurereactionstothesefactorsinavirtualurbanspace（人类的反应对

环境变化很敏感，比如天气或交通。因此，我们使用虚拟现实来测量在虚拟城市空间中对这些因素的反应）”

可知，研究中使用虚拟现实的主要原因是想要在不受环境因素影响的情况下测量人们的反应，故选D。

9.细节理解题。根据第三段中"WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot,thestudentsspenttimeexploring

thevirtualenvironment（学生们戴着VR头盔并且在原地走动，花时间探索虚拟环境）”可知，这说明参与者是

通过戴头盔和在现场走动来与虚拟环境进行互动的，故选C。

10.词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词前文“Theresearchersfoundthatthestudentswalkedmoreslowlywhen

therewasgreenvegetationpresentintheexperiment,andtheirheartrateincreased.Theywouldspendlesstime

lookingatthegroundandmoretimeobservingtheirsurroundings.Theseresultsindicateapleasurable

experience（研究人员发现，当实验中有绿色植被时，学生们走得更慢，他们的心率也会增加。他们会花更少

的时间观察地面，而花更多的时间观察周围的环境。这些结果表明这是一次愉快的经历）”可知，研究结果表

明,环境当中的绿色植被让人们感到愉快。戈I」线词所在句“Brightcolorpatternsalonedidnothavequitethesame

upliftingeffectasthegreenvegetation,buttheyinspiredinterestandpassionofthestudentsandattractedtheir

starewhileincreasingtheirheartrate.（明亮的色彩图案本身并没有绿色植被那么uplifting的效果，但它们激发

了学生们的兴趣和激情，吸引了他们的目光，同时增加了他们的心率。）”说明明亮的色彩图案本身并没有绿

色植被那样的效果，由此可推知，划线词uplifting的含义为“使人愉快的”，与B项“CheerfUl令人愉快的”含

义相近，故选B。

11.推理判断题o根据最后一段"Virtualrealitymightbeausefulresourceforurbanplanners,allowingthemto

experimentwithdifferentelementsinavirtualenvironment（虚拟现实可能是城市规划者的有用资源，使他们在

虚拟环境中尝试不同的元素）”可知，虚拟现实为城市规划提供了一个测试各种城市元素的平台，故选B。

原句

WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot,thestudentsspenttimeexploringthevirtualenvironment.

译文

学生们戴着VR头盔并且在原地走动，花时间探索虚拟环境。

分析

+--[主句：thestudentsspenttimeexploringthevirtualenvironment]

I

+-[方式状语:WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot]

HE®®

1.vegetationn.植被2.approachn.方法

3.inconvenientadj.不方便的4.phenomenan.现象

5.reactionn.反应6.virtualrealityn.虚拟现实

7.trackern.追踪器8.patternn.图案

9.urbanplannern.城市规划者10.outcomen.结果

（四）

（2024-山西运城•二模）Theintroductionofartificialintelligence（AI）isasignificantpartofthedigital

transformationbringingchallengesandchangestothejobdescriptionsamongmanagement.Astudyshowsthat

integratingAIsystemsintoserviceteamsincreasesdemandsonmiddlemanagementinthefinancialservicesfield.

Interviewedinthestudywere25experiencedmanagersemployedbyaleadingScandinavianfinancial

servicescompany.AIsystemshavebeenintenselyintegratedintothetasksandprocessesofthecompanyinrecent

years.

TheresultsshowedthattheintegrationofAIsystemsintoserviceteamsisacomplexphenomenon,putting

newdemandsontheworkofmiddlemanagementandrequiringabalancedactinthefaceofnewchallenges.

“TheproductivityofworkgrowswhenroutinetasksarepassedontoALOntheotherhand,thefastpaceof

changemakesworkmoredemanding,andtheintegrationofAImakesitnecessarytolearnnewthingsconstantly.

Surprisingly,newkindsofroutineworkalsoincrease,becausetheoperationsofAIneedtobemonitoredand

checked,9,saysAssistantProfessorJonnaKoponen.

Accordingtotheresultsoftheresearch,thesocialfeaturesofmiddlemanagementalsochanged,becausethe

AIsystemsusedatworkwereseeneitherastechnicaltoolsorcolleagues,dependingonthetypeofAIthatwas

used.EspeciallywhenmoredevelopedtypesofAI,suchaschattingrobots,wereincludedintheAIsystems,they

wereseenascolleagues.

IntegratingAIalsoposesethical（道德上的）challenges,andmanagersdevotedmoreoftheirtimetoethical

considerations.Forexample,theywereconcernedaboutthefairnessofdecisionsmadebyALAspectsobservedin

thestudyshowedthatmanagingserviceteamswithintegratedAIrequiresnewskillsandknowledgeofmiddle

management,suchastechnologicalunderstandingandskills,interactiveskillsandemotionalintelligence,

problem-solvingskills,andtheabilitytomanageandadapttocontinuouschange.

“AIsystemscannotyettakeoverallhumanmanagementinareassuchasthemotivationandinspirationof

teammembers.Thisiswhyskillsininteractionandempathy（同理心）shouldbeemphasizedwhenselectingnew

employeesformanagerialpositionswhichemphasizethemanagementofteamsintegratedwithAI,“Koponensays.

12.Whatdoesthestudyfind?

A.AIbecomeslesspopularintheservicefield.B.AImakesdecisionsmorefairlythanhumans.

C.AIproveshumanmanagementisunnecessary.D.AImakesmiddlemanagementmoredemanding.

13.WhafsJonnaKoponen'sattitudetointegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteams?

A.Unmentioned.B.Opposed.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.

14.WhichofthefollowingshowsJonnaKoponen'sopinion?

A.AIcan'treplacehumanmangerscompletely.B.Fewmanagersintheservicefieldareneeded.

C.EmployeesformanagerialpositionsdislikeALD.AIdevotesmoretimetoethicalconsiderations.

15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.TheintegrationofAIintoserviceteamsishard.

B.AItakesoverhumanmanagementinmanyfields.

C.AIandhumanmanagersareaperfectcombination.

D.TheapplicationofAIinfluencesmiddlemanagement.

【答案速查】12.D13.C14.A15.D

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人工智能（AD的引入对中层管理工作带来的挑战和变化，

以及中层管理者需要具备的新技能和知识。

12.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“AstudyshowsthatintegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteamsincreases

demandsonmiddlemanagementinthefinancialservicesfield.”（一项研究表明，将人工智能系统集成到服务团

队中增加了金融服务领域对中层管理的需求）可推知，AI使中层管理更具挑战性。故选D。

13.推理判断题。根据第四段"TheproductivityofworkgrowswhenroutinetasksarepassedontoALOntheother

hand,thefastpaceofchangemakesworkmoredemanding,andtheintegrationofAImakesitnecessarytolearn

newthingsconstantly.Surprisingly,newkindsofroutineworkalsoincrease,becausetheoperationsofAIneedto

bemonitoredandchecked,saysAssistantProfessorJonnaKoponen.”（当日常任务传递给人工智能时，工作的

生产力就会提高。另一方面，快速的变化使工作要求更高，而人工智能的集成使不断学习新事物成为必要。

令人惊讶的是，新型的日常工作也在增加，因为人工智能的操作需要监控和检查，”助理教授JonnaKoponen

说）可知，JonnaKoponen认为将人工智能系统运用到服务团队中有利有弊。由此可推断，JonnaKoponen

的态度是“客观的”。故选C。

14.细节理解题。根据文章最后——段“AIsystemscannotyettakeoverallhumanmanagementinareassuchasthe

motivationandinspirationofteammembers.^^（AI系统还不能完全接管人类在激励和启发团队成员等方面的管

理。）可知，JonnaKoponen认为AI不能完全替代人类管理者。故选A。

15.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一St6Theintroductionofartificialintelligence（AI）isasignificantpartof

thedigitaltransformationbringingchallengesandchangestothejobdescriptionsamongmanagement.Astudy

showsthatintegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteamsincreasesdemandsonmiddlemanagementinthefinancial

servicesfield"（人工智能（AI）的引入是数字化转型的重要组成部分，给管理层的工作描述带来了挑战和

变化。一项研究表明，将人工智能系统集成到服务团队中增加了金融服务领域对中层管理的需求。）可知，

本文主要介绍了将人工智能系统融合到金融服务业对中层管理产生的影响。故选Do

❷©;@。

原句

As