山东省泰安市2024-2025学年高三年级上册期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高三年级考试

英语试题

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在

本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题：每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.Whatwastheman'schildhoodpet?

A.Arabbit.B.Acat.C.Adog.

2.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Ataracetrack.B.Ataskatepark.C.Atahospital.

3.Howmanypeoplewillbeatdinner?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.

4.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?

A.Turnonafan.B.Leavetheoffice.C.Setoffthealarm.

5.Whywon'ttheman'sphoneturnon?

A.Ithaswaterdamage.B.Thebatterydied.C.Hedroppeditontheground.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whichpossessionsdoesthemanwanttoreserve?

A.Fishingthings.B.Golfclubs.C.Bowlingballs.

7.Whenwasthelastspringclean?

A.Eightweeksago.B.Sixmonthsago.C.Ayearago.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Wheredidthespeakersfirstmeet?

A.Inthecinema.B.Inthepark.C.Inthecafe.

9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Newfriends.B.Co-workers.C.Husbandandwife.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?

A.Pants.B.T-shirts.C.Shoes.

11.Whatistheman'spreference?

A.Theneweststyles.B.Thecheapestprice.C.Themostcomfortablefit.

12.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inspring.B.Insummer.C.Inwinter.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatdidthespeakershavefordinneryesterday?

A.Salad.B.Hamburgers.C.Chicken.

14.Whywerethespeakersupsetatthebeginningoftheconversation?

A.Thenoodleswentbad.B.Theirdinnerorderwaslate.C.Theywastedfoodbyaccident.

15.Whatissaidabouttheapp?

A.Itdoesn'tallowuserstochoosethefoodtheybuy.

B.Itisdesignedtohelppeoplesavemoney.

C.Itcanonlybeusedatdinnertime.

16.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelattheendoftheconversation?

A.Annoyed.B.Excited.C.Surprised.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whydidthespeaker'sgrandfatherfirsttakehimtotheliondance?

A.Tokeephimfit.B.Togivehisparentsarest.C.Tohelphimtakeabreakfromstudy.

18.Howdoesthespeakerdescribehimselfasachild?

ASilent.B.Confident.C.Noisy.

19.Whatdoesthespeakerparticularlyloveabouttheliondance?

A.Itconnectshimtohisfamily.

B.Itwelcomespeopleofallages.

C.ItmakeshimproudtobeChinese.

20.Whatchallengeistheliondancefacingaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Itisnotasfunasitusedtobe.

B.Peoplearenotwillingtoworktogether.

C.Thenumberofpeoplejoininghasdecreased.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

TOURSINGOLDENGATENATIONALPARKS

SeetheGoldenGateNationalParksasyou'veneverseenthembefore.Whetheryou'realocalparkenthusiast

orafirst-timeparkvisitor,there?ssomethinginthefollowingtwotoursforyou.

AlcatrazTours

EscapingtoAlcatraz?Enjoythetrip.AndmakesuretocheckouttheParksConservancy'saward-winning

“DoingTime:TheAlcatrazCellhouseTour.44TheaudiotourisincludedwiththepurchaseofanAlcatraztourticket.

GetyourAlcatrazticketsfromAlcatrazCityCruiseshereorcall(415)981-ROCK(7625).

AlsotryouruniqueAlcatrazNightToursandBehindtheScenesTours.You'llgetaccesstohiddenareasofthe

islandonsmalltoursledbyNPSrangersandhistoricalexpertsfromtheParksConservancy,whohelpyoulearnmore

aboutthepast.Notwotoursareeverthesame,perfectforabirthdayorotherspecialoccasion.

FortPointCandlelightTour

TheCandlelightTourofFortPointisapopularguidedprogramthatallowsvisitorstoexperiencethefort(堡

垒)inanewlight.Thiseveningtourwillmazethroughtheshadowsofthehistoricstructurebycandlelightand

visitorswillseetheglimmeringlightsoftheGoldenGateBridgetoweringupabovethem.

Uponarrival,aparkrangerwillcheckinguestsandprovidevisitorswithalantern.Arangerwillleadthis90-

miutetourandinterpretthehistoryandthelifethatonceexistedwithintheoldbrickwallsofFortPoint.The

CandlelightTourisaseasonaltouronlyofferedfromNovember15thtoFebruary15thandrecommendedagefor

thistouris12yearsandup.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutAlcatrzTours?

A.Visitorscanenterhiddenareasindividually.B.Thetourscanbeenjoyedonlyinthedaytime.

C.Visitorswillbechargedextrafortheaudiotour.D.Alcatrazticketsareavailableintwoways.

2.HowlongdoestheCandlelightTourofFortPointlast?

A.Onemonth.B.Twomonths.C.Threemonths.D.Fourmonths.

3.Whatcanbeexpectedfromthetwotours?

A.Deliciousbirthdaycakes.B.SightsontheGoldenGateBridge.

C.AnawardpresentedbyParksConservancy.D.Aninsightintothehistoryoftheplacetovisit.

【答案】l.D2.C3.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了AlcatrazTours和FortPointCandlelightTour两个旅游项目的详

情。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章AlcatrazTours中“GetyourAlcatrazticketsfromAlcatrazCityCruiseshereorcall

（415）981-ROCK（7625）（在此购买你的恶魔岛门票或者拨打（415）981-ROCK（7625））”可知，恶魔岛门票有两

种获取方式。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后——段“TheCandlelightTourisaseasonaltouronlyofferedfromNovember15thto

February15th（烛光之旅是一个季节性旅行，只在11月15日至2月15日期间提供）”可知，烛光之旅的持

续时间是三个月。故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据AlcatrazTours中“You'llgetaccesstohiddenareasoftheislandonsmalltoursledbyNPS

rangersandhistoricalexpertsfromtheParksConservancy,whohelpyoulearnmoreaboutthepast.（在国家公园

管理局的护林员和公园保护协会的历史专家的带领下，你可以进入岛上的隐藏区域，他们会帮助你更多地

了解过去。）”和FortPointCandlelightTour中uArangerwillleadthis90-miutetourandinterpretthehistory

andthelifethatonceexistedwithintheoldbrickwallsofFortPoint.（一个护林员将带领这次90分钟的旅行，

讲解FortPoint老砖墙内曾经存在的历史和生活。）”可知，这两个活动都能深入了解所参观地点的历史。

故选D。

B

AsaChinese-GermanstudentatTsinghuaUniversity,IthoughtIhadagoodgraspofbothChinesecultureand

modernization.

Asoneofthedestinationsofthe“GoJiangsu^^program,wevisitedtheYaoJiapingEmbroideryArtGallery.

Beforethisencounter,myinteractionwithSuzhouembroidery（束U绣）waslimitedtoonlineimages,whichiswhy,at

theartgallery,IwasamazedattheunbelievableprecisionthatIhadassumedwasmachine-made.

Seekingahands-onexperience,Irealizedthoseweavingstorieswiththreadsareamillennia-oldculturalheritage.

Itstruckmethatthisisn'tjusthandicraft;ifsanartformandasliceofhistory.

WanderingthroughSuzhouatnightwasadifferentkindofmagic.Thestreetlights,busymarkets,andstreet

foodtransportedmetoanotherdimension.WalkingdownthePingjiangRoad,whereancientbuildingsmeetmodern

lighting,IfelttheuniquecharmofSuzhou.Itdawnedonmethatmodernizationdoesn'thavetomeanabandoning

tradition;theycanexistsidebyside.

ExploringSuzhouIndustrialPark,Iwitnessedanotherfacet（方面）ofChina'smodernization.Thesetowering

buildingsandcutting-edgecompaniesshowcasedtherapidpaceofChina5smodemdevelopment.Thetransitionfrom

ancientculturetomoderntechnologywasnothingshortofastonishing.

VisitingtheSuzhouMuseumofImperialKilnBrickroundedoutmyjourney,offeringacomprehensiveviewof

China?shistory.Eachexhibitnarratedastory,spanningfromancientartifactstomodernachievements,enrichingmy

understandingofChina'sdevelopmentalprocess.

Suzhouabsolutelylivesuptoitsreputationas“thecityofmuseums,thecityofparks,andthecityoftheater".

Throughpersonalencounters,IgainednotjustknowledgebutadeeperconnectionandappreciationforChina's

cultureandprogress.Thisjourneywasn5tjustaphysicalone;itwasanenrichingexperienceforthesoul.

4.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewriter'striptoSuzhou?

A.Costly.B.Extraordinary.C.Romantic.D.Accidental.

5.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofSuzhouembroidery?

A.Itisthebesthandicraft.B.Itisreallymadebymachine.

C.ItpartlyminorsChina'shistory.D.ItwasinventedbyYaoJianping.

6.WhyisthePingjiangRoadmentionedinParagraph4?

A.Toadvocatepreservingthetradition.B.Tohighlightthelocalrapiddevelopment.

C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofmodernization.D.Topraisetheintegrationoftraditionandmodernity.

7.Whatdoesthewriterimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Thetripiswellworthit.B.Culturecontradictswithprogress.

C.Suzhouisagooddestinationforchildren.D."GoJiangsu^^programmustattainpopularity.

【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇游记，作者作为一名中德学生,记录了其在江苏苏州的一次旅行经历，从中了解到苏州的

传统文化与现代化发展。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“IwasamazedattheunbelievableprecisionthatIhadassumedwasmachine-made.

（我对这种难以置信的精确度感到惊讶，我以为这是机器制造。）”根据第三段“Itstruckmethatthisisn't

justhandicraft;it'sanartformandasliceofhistory.（我突然意识到这不仅仅是手工艺；它是一种艺术形式,

也是一段历史。）”根据第四段“WanderingthroughSuzhouatnightwasadifferentkindofmagic.（夜晚在苏州

漫步是另——种神奇的感觉。）“根据第六段uEachexhibitnarratedastory,spanningfromancientartifactsto

modernachievements,enrichingmyunderstandingofChina'sdevelopmentalprocess.（每件展品者B讲述了——个故

事，从古代文物到现代成就，丰富了我对中国发展过程的理解。）”可知，作者去苏州的旅行是“非凡的,

令人惊奇的”。故选B。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Seekingahands-onexperience,Irealizedthoseweavingstorieswiththreadsare

amillennia-oldculturalheritage.Itstruckmethatthisisn'tjusthandicraft;it'sanartformandasliceofhistory.

（为了亲身体验，我意识到这些用线编织故事的是一种已有千年历史的文化遗产。它让我意识到这不只是手

工艺；这是艺术形式和一段历史。）”可推知，作者认为苏绣部分反映了中国的历史。故选C项。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第四段“WalkingdownthePingjiangRoad,whereancientbuildingsmeetmodern

lighting,IfelttheuniquecharmofSuzhou.Itdawnedonmethatmodernizationdoesn'thavetomeanabandoning

tradition;theycanexistsidebyside.（在平江路上漫步，古老的建筑与现代的灯光相遇，我感受到了苏州的独

特魅力。我突然意识到，现代化并不意味着放弃传统；它们可以并存。）”可知，提到平江路是为了表扬传

统和现代的融合。故选D项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后——段uThroughpersonalencounters,Igainednotjustknowledgebutadeeper

connectionandappreciationforChina'scultureandprogress.Thisjourneywasn'tjustaphysicalone;itwasan

enrichingexperienceforthesoul.（通过个人的接触，我不仅获得了知识，还对中国的文化和进步有了更深的

联系和欣赏。这次旅行不仅仅是一次身体上的旅行；它是一次灵魂的丰富体验。）”可推知，作者认为这次

旅行是值得的。故选A项。

C

MEDICATIONS（药物）likeOzempicandWegovymaybeabletoreducebothchronicandacutepain.This

makesthesetypesofdrugspromisingsaferalternativestopaintreatmentssuchasopioids,thoughtheeffecthasyet

tobedemonstratedinhumans.

OzempicandWegovyworkbyimitatingahormonereleasedaftereatingknownasGLP-1,whichreduces

appetiteandregulatesbloodsugarlevels.Whilethesemedicationsareonlyapprovedfortreatingobesityandtype2

diabetes,studieshaveshownthattheyhaveasurprisinglywiderangeofeffects:theyhaveshownpromiseforhelping

totreatotherconditionsfromAlzheimer'sdiseasetomentalhealthconditionstoaddiction.

Previousresearchhasshownthatanimalsexperiencelesspainaftereating.ThispromptedYongHoKimat

GachonUniversityinSouthKoreaandhiscolleaguestoinvestigatewhetherGLP-1couldbemediating（弓|起）this

effect.

TheresearcherstreatedfivemicewithGLP-1andthenmeasuredhowquicklytheanimalsremovedtheirpaw

fromaheatedsurface.Theyfoundthat,onaverage,micekepttheirpawontheheatedsurfaceforroughly1.25times

aslongastheydidwhentheyweren'ttreatedwithGLP-1.Thiswasn'tthecaseforaseparategroupofanimalstreated

withsaltwater,suggestingthehormonereducessensitivitytopain.

TheydidfurthermeasurementsofneuralactivityandfoundthatGLP-1blocksareceptor（受体）innervescalled

TRPV1,whichiscrucialforreducingpain.Kimandhisteamidentifiedthemolecule（分子）onGLP-1thatjoinsto

thisreceptorandthentreatedsixmicewithasynthetic（合成的）versionofthismoleculecalledexendin9-39.

Onaverage,theanimalstookabout1.25timesaslongtoremovetheirpawfromahotbeamoflightwhen

treatedwiththemoleculethanwhentheyweren't.Thiseffectlastedforupto2hoursafterthemicereceivedtreatment.

Furtherstudyshowedthatexendin9-39waseffectiveattreatingothertypesofpaininmice,includingnerve

painandchronicpain.Themoleculealsodidn'tproduceanymetaboliceffects,suchasreducingbloodsugarlevels

orcontrollingappetite.ThatisbecauseitspeciallytargetsTRPV1,saysKim,whopresentedthesefindingsatan

OctobermeetingoftheSocietyforNeuroscienceinChicago.

8.WhatdiseasesareOzempicandWegovymainlyusedtotreat?

A.Chronicandacutepain.B.Obesityandtype2diabetes.

C.Additiontodrugsandnervepain.D.Alzheimer'sdiseaseandmentalhealthconditions.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prompted“inParagraph3mean?

A.Required.B.Forced.C.Discouraged.D.Motivated.

10.HowdidGLP-1affectthesenseofpaininmice?

A.Byreducingappetiteandregulatingbloodsugarlevels.

B.BypreventingareceptorinnervescalledTRPV1.

C.ByseparatingthemoleculesonGLP-1.

D.Byproducingmetaboliceffects.

11.Whichispossiblythemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?

A.TheInspirationfromGLP-1.B.Measurementsofneuralactivity.

C.PotentialPainTreatmentsofWeight-lossDrugs.D.ASyntheticVersionofMolecule-Exendin9-39.

【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是Ozempic和Wegovy等药物通过模仿GLP-1激素，不仅在治疗

肥胖和2型糖尿病方面有效，还显示出减轻疼痛的潜力。

【8题详解】

细节理解题o根据第二段中的"Whilethesemedicationsareonlyapprovedfortreatingobesityandtype2diabetes,

studieshaveshownthattheyhaveasurprisinglywiderangeofeffects:theyhaveshownpromiseforhelpingtotreat

otherconditionsfromAlzheimer5sdiseasetomentalhealthconditionstoaddiction.（虽然这些药物仅被批准用于

治疗肥胖和2型糖尿病，但研究表明它们有着令人惊讶的广泛效果：它们显示出了帮助治疗从阿尔茨海默

病到心理健康问题乃至成瘾等多种其他疾病的潜力。）”可知，Ozempic和Wegovy被批准用于治疗肥胖和2

型糖尿病，所以，Ozempic和Wegovy主要被用来治疗肥胖和2型糖尿病。故选B项。

【9题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的uPreviousresearchhasshownthatanimalsexperiencelesspainaftereating.（先

前的研究表明，动物在进食后会经历较少的疼痛。）”可知，动物进食后会有较少的疼痛，结合划线单词所

在句中的“toinvestigatewhetherGLP-1couldbemediating（引起）thiseffect.（去研究GLP-1是否可能是引起

这种效果的因素。）”可知，此处指的是由于以前研究的发现激发了韩国加图立大学的YongH。Kim及其同

事研究GLP-1是否可能是引起这种效果的因素，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“激发”意义相近。故选D

项。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段中的“TheydidfurthermeasurementsofneuralactivityandfoundthatGLP-1blocksa

receptor（受体）innervescalledTRPV1,whichiscrucialforreducingpain.（他们进一步测量了神经活动，发现

GLP-1阻断了神经中称为TRPV1的受体，这一受体对于减少疼痛至关重要。）”可知，GLP-1通过阻止名为

TRPV1的神经受体来减少疼痛敏感度。故选B项。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据首段中的uMEDICATIONS（药物）likeOzempicandWegovymaybeabletoreduceboth

chronicandacutepain.Thismakesthesetypesofdrugspromisingsaferalternativestopaintreatmentssuchasopioids,

thoughtheeffecthasyettobedemonstratedinhumans.（像Ozempic和Wegovy这样的药物可能能够减少慢性疼

痛和急性疼痛。这使得这些类型的药物成为有潜力的、更安全的止痛治疗替代品，例如阿片类药物，尽管这

种效果在人类身上还有待证实。）”可知，第一段提到像Ozempic和Wegovy这样的药物可能减轻慢性及急

性疼痛，结合下文中介绍的这些用于减肥的药物对减少疼痛的研究过程及其发现，尤其是GLP-1如何通过

阻止TRPV1受体来减少疼痛可知，本文主要介绍的是探讨减肥药物（如Ozempic和Wegovy）在止痛方面

的潜力，所以题目“减肥药治疗疼痛的潜在方法”概括了本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。

D

“Neurons（神经元）thatfiretogether,wiretogether.Perhapsyouhaveheardthisoft-quotedphraseof

psychologistDonaldHebbandwonderedwhatitmeans.

Tofindthisout,youneedtounderstand“neuroplasticity“first.Yourbraincanchange,andthatprocessiscalled

neuroplasticity.Stimuli（刺激）causearesponseandchangesinyourbrain.Thestimulicanbeexternal,suchastaking

upanewhobby,orinternal,suchasagolferimaginingtheperfectputt（推杆）justbeforeactuallysteppingupand

putting.Everytimeyourbrainrespondstostimuli,anelectricalimpulse（脉7中）causeseithertheformationofanew

synaptic（突触的）connectionorthestrengtheningofanexistingconnection.ThisiswhatHebbmeantwithhistheory

aboutfiringandwiringtogether.Bycontrast,ifyoustopdoinganactivity,thesynapticconnectioncanreducethrough

alackofuse.

Thereisahealthycompetitionalwaysgoingoninsideyourbraintomaintainsynapticconnections.Thisis

healthybecausetheconnectionsbeingused"win"andmaintaintheirstrength.Strongconnectionsmakeataskeasier.

Thiscompetitionhelpsexplainwhy10,000hoursofpracticeispresentedasapathtoexpertise.Youwillhave

repeatedanactionsooftenandforsolongthatitsimplybecomessecondnatureandfeelseffortless.Incomparison,

tryingataskforthefirsttime,orpickingupanoldtaskafteralongbreak,canfeelchallengingorenergy-consuming

atfirst.Why?Becausethesynapticconnectionsdon'texistorhaveweakened.Youhavetoworkhardertoperform

thattask.

Thegoodnewsisthatyourhealthybrain-atanyage-canlearn,grow,andadapttothechangingworldaround

you.Stateddifferently,theoldideathatyoupeakby40or45andfromthatpointonwards,yourmindandlifego

downhillisnotsupportedby30yearsofneuroscientificresearchrevealingaverydifferentstoryaboutyourbrain9s

continuedgrowthanddevelopmentthroughallages.Simplyput,youcanbemoreadaptiveandresilient（有复原力

的）throughoutyourentirelifeifyoumaketherightchoicesandtakepositiveactions.

12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlydiscuss?

A.HowHebb'stheoryworks.B.Wherestimulicomefrom.

C.Howanelectricalimpulsehappens.D.Whyneuroplasticitycausessynapticconnection.

13.Whichofthefollowingreflectsneuroplasticity?

A.Romewasn'tbuiltinaday.B.Practicemakesperfect.

C.Everycloudhasasilverlining.D.Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

14.Whatcausesbeginnerstofindnewtaskshardaccordingtoparagraph4?

A.Alackofsynapticconnections.B.Limitedaccesstonecessaryinformation.

C.Poorpreparationforpotentialdifficulties.D.Thehugeamountofenergyrequiredforthetasks.

15.Whatcanbeconcludedfromyearsofneuroscientificresearch?

A.Mentaldeclineisunavoidable.B.Peoplebecomelessadaptiveastheyage.

C.Peoplecanhavelifelongbraindevelopment.D.Strongadaptabilityhelpspeoplestaypositive.

【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了神经可塑性的重要性及其对大脑的影响。

【12题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Everytimeyourbrainrespondstostimuli,anelectricalimpulse（脉冲）causes

eithertheformationofanewsynaptic（突触的）connectionorthestrengtheningofanexistingconnection.Thisis

whatHebbmeantwithhistheoryaboutfiringandwiringtogether.（每次你的大脑对刺激作出反应时，一■个电脉

冲会导致新的突触连接的形成或者现有连接的加强。这就是Hebb关于一起发射和连接的理论的意思。）”

可知，本段主要讨论Hebb理论的运作原理。故选A。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thiscompetitionhelpsexplainwhy10,000hoursofpracticeispresentedasa

pathtoexpertise.Youwillhaverepeatedanactionsooftenandforsolongthatitsimplybecomessecondnature

andfeelseffortless.（这场比赛有助于解释为什么10000小时的练习是通往专业技能的途径。你会频繁地、长

时间地重复一个动作，以至于它变成了你的第二天性，让你觉得毫不费力。）”可推知结论“熟能生巧”体

现了神经可塑性的原理。故选B。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段"Incomparison,tryingataskforthefirsttime,orpickingupanoldtaskaftera

longbreak,canfeelchallengingorenergy-consumingatfirst.Why?Becausethesynapticconnectionsdon'texist

orhaveweakened.（相比之下，第一次尝试一项任务，或者长时间休息后重新拾起一项旧任务，刚开始会感

到有挑战或耗费精力。为什么？因为突触连接不存在或已减弱。）”可知，根据第四段内容，初学者发现新

任务困难是由于缺乏突触连接。故选A。

【15题详解】

推理判断题根据最后一段中"Thegoodnewsisthatyourhealthybrain-atanyage-canlearn,grow,andadapt

tothechangingworldaroundyou.Stateddifferently,theoldideathatyoupeakby40or45andfromthatpoint

onwards,yourmindandlifegodownhillisnotsupportedby30yearsofneuroscientificresearchrevealingavery

differentstoryaboutyourbrain'scontinuedgrowthanddevelopmentthroughallages.Simplyput,youcanbemore

adaptiveandresilient（有复原力的）throughoutyourentirelifeifyoumaketherightchoicesandtakepositive

actions.（好消息是，你健康的大脑一在任何年龄一都能学习、成长，并适应你周围不断变化的世界。

换句话说，你在40岁或45岁时达到顶峰，从那以后，你的思维和生活开始走下坡路的旧观点，并没有得

到30年神经科学研究的支持，这些研究揭示了一个非常不同的故事，关于你的大脑在各个年龄段的持续

生长和发展。简单地说，如果你做出正确的选择并采取积极的行动，你可以在你的一生中更有适应能力和

复原力。）”可知，研究表明人类的大脑可以终身发育。故选C。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

LifeonEarthcouldn'texistwithoutoceans.16WorldOceansDayisatimetoenhanceunderstanding

ofoceansandwhywemustchangethebadsituation.

WorldOceansDay

Didyouknowthat71percentofourplanetiscoveredinocean?17Peoplearoundtheworldwearblue

tocelebrateWorldOceansDayon8Juneeveryyear,whichisaimedatknowingwhyoceansareindangerandhow

essentialitistoprotectthem.

Whyweneedoceans

Evidently,withoutoceans,lifecouldn'texist.Scientistsdon'tknowtheexactnumber,buttheythinkthatoceans

arehometo50to80percentofallspeciesonEarth.Oceansholdabout97percentofallthewateronourplanetand

giveusrainwateranddrinkingwaterthroughthewatercycle.18

Howweuseoceans

Humansusetheoceanindiverseways.Alotofourfoodcomesfromoceansandmillionsofpeopleworldwide

havejobsrelatedtofishingandfishfarming.19We'vebeengettingoilandgasfrombeneaththeoceanfloor

foralongtime,butnowweareawarerenewableenergyiseco-friendlyforthefuture.Wecanusethepowerofwaves

andtidestoproduceelectricity,andmanywindfarmsarelocatedoffshore.

Whatwecandotohelp

ForWorldOceansDayyoucouldjoininabeachclean-uptohelppreventplasticandotherrubbishgettinginto

thesea.Youcouldemploysocialmediaplatformstoshareposts,photosorvideostoshowhowcrucialoceansare.

Youcouldparticipateinawritingcontestaroundthethemeoftheoceanorwatchocean-relateddocumentaries.

20So,takeactioninstantly.

A.Thus,itisvitaltoexplorethem.

B.However,ouroceansareindanger.

C.Besides,fossilenergyisrunningout.

D.ThafswhywecalltheEarththe"BluePlanet”.

E.Oceansalsoprovideuswithmuchofourenergy.

F.Anyway,youreffortscountremarkablyintermsofprotectingoceans.

G.Additionally,muchoxygenwebreathecomesfromtheplantsintheocean.

【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.E20.F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何保护海洋的一些知识和举措。

【16题详解】

根据上文"LifeonEarthcouldn'texistwithoutoceans.（没有海洋，地球上的生命就无法存在）”以及下文

“WorldOceansDayisatimetoenhanceunderstandingofoceansandwhywemustchangethebadsituation.（tli

界海洋日让我们加深对海洋的了解，了解我们为什么必须改变这种恶劣状况）”可知，选项与上文为转折关

系且承接下文说明海洋现在的状况一一处于危险中。indanger呼应badsituation。故B选项“然而，我们

的海洋正处于危险之中”切题。故选B项。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Didyouknowthat71percentofourplanetiscoveredinocean?（你知道地球上71%的面积被海洋

覆盖吗？）”可知，空处应对问题进行回答。故D选项“这就是为什么我们称地球为“蓝色星球”的原

因”切题。故选D项。

【18题详解】

根据上文“Oceansholdabout97percentofallthewateronourplanetandgiveusrainwateranddrinkingwater

throughthewatercycle.（海洋拥有地球上97%的水，通过水循环为我们提供雨水和饮用水）”可知，选项与

上文为并列关系说明海洋的作用。故G选项“此外，我们呼吸的许多氧气来自海洋中的植物”切题。故

选G项。

【19题详解】

根据下文"We'vebeengettingoilandgasfrombeneaththeoceanfloorforalongtime,butnowweareaware

renewableenergyiseco-friendlyforthefuture.（我们从海底开采石油和天然气已经有很长一段时间了,但现在

我们意识到可再生能源在未来是环保的）”可知，选项承接下文说明海洋提供给了人类能源。energy呼应

oilandgas„故E选项“海洋也为我们提供了大量的能源”切题。故选E项。

[20题详解】

根据上文“Youcouldemploysocialmediaplatformstoshareposts,photosorvideostoshowhowcrucialoceans

are.Youcouldparticipateinawritingcontestaroundthethemeoftheoceanorwatchocean-related

documentaries.（你可以利用社交媒体平台分享帖子、照片或视频，来展示海洋的重要性。你可以参加以海

洋为主题的写作比赛，或者观看与海洋有关的纪录片）”可知，选项承接上文说明努力的作用。故F选项

“无论如何，你的努力在保护海洋方面是非常重要的”切题。故选F项。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

YuriWilliamsspendstheweeksleadinguptoChristmastravelingacrossthecountry.Hevisitsall50states,

makinghousecallstokidswhoaresickor21.Hearriveswithplentyoftoysandinsuperhero22、both

ofwhichattractthechildren.

Williamsbeganhisjourneyaftera(n)23lossin2009-hismother'sdeath.Strugglingthroughdeep

depression,hedecidedtohonorhermemoryby24childreninneed.In2018,helaunchedanonprofit

organization,aimingto25smilesonchildren'sfaces,especiallythose26serioushealthchallenges.

Hisjourneyincludesdrivingacrossthe4827statesbeforeflyingtoHawaiiandAlaska.Alongtheway,

he