八年级英语下学期期中押题预测卷（无锡专用）（解析版）

2024-2025学年八年级下学期期中卷（无锡专用）英语押题卷注意事项：1.全卷满分100分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上,答在本试卷上无效。2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。第I卷（选择题共55分）一、单项选择（本题共14小题；每小题1分，满分14分）1．Whenthelionsawazebrafromfaraway,itgotnearitquietlyandthenrantowardsit________highspeed.A．at B．in C．on D．with【答案】A【详解】句意：当狮子从远处看到一只斑马时，它悄悄地靠近它，然后高速向它跑去。考查介词辨析。at在；in在……里；on在……上；with和。athighspeed“高速”，故选A。2．—IsRussia________Europeancountry?—Yes.ItisalsothebiggestcountryinEurope.A．a B．an C．the D．不填【答案】A【详解】句意：——俄罗斯是欧洲国家吗？——是的。它也是欧洲最大的国家。考查冠词的用法。根据“IsRussia…Europeancountry?”可知，空处表示泛指，应该填一个不定冠词，European以辅音音素开头，不定冠词a符合题意。故选A。3．Thisexamisverydifficult.________,Ihavepassedit.A．So B．Otherwise C．Anyway D．Instead【答案】C【详解】句意：这次考试非常难。不管怎样，我通过了。考查副词辨析。So所以；Otherwise否则；Anyway不管怎样；Instead相反。根据“Thisexamisverydifficult...Ihavepassedit”可知虽然考试难，但是不管怎样自己还是通过了。故选C。4．Thepollutiontherewasonceaproblem.Luckily,thelocalgovernmenttookactiontoimprovethe________later.A．communication B．direction C．station D．situation【答案】D【详解】句意：那里的污染曾经是个问题。幸运的是，当地政府后来采取行动改善了那种情况。考查名词辨析。communication交流；direction方向；station车站；situation情况。根据“Thepollutionthere...”可知，政府采取行动改善了污染的情况。故选D。5．WhatcanwelearnaboutDanielfromthefollowinginformation?Danielspendsover8hoursreadingbooks.HegetsmostofhisbooksfromSunshineLibrary.Heoftendiscusseswhattoreadwithhisfriends.A．Hisreadinghabits. B．Hisbestfriends.C．Hisadviceonbooks. D．Hisfavouritetypeofbooks.【答案】A【详解】句意：从下面的信息中我们可以了解到丹尼尔的什么？考查常识。Hisreadinghabits.他的阅读习惯。Hisbestfriends.他最好的朋友们。Hisadviceonbooks.他关于书的建议。Hisfavouritetypeofbooks.他最喜欢的书类型。根据“Danielspendsover8hoursreadingbooks.HegetsmostofhisbooksfromSunshineLibrary.Heoftendiscusseswhattoreadwithhisfriends.”可知，此题是在说丹尼尔的阅读习惯，A项符合题意。故选A。6．“Afterreadingthebook,IamnotasshyasIusedtobe.Moreover,Iamwillingtotrynewthings.”Theunderlinedword“Moreover”isusedto________.A．giveexamples B．addmoreinformationC．showcausesandresults D．showtimeandorder【答案】B【详解】句意：在读完这本书之后，我不再像以前那样害羞了。而且，我愿意尝试新事物。下划线的单词“Moreover”是用来添加更多信息的。考查单词的含义。giveexamples举例；addmoreinformation添加更多信息；showcausesandresults显示原因和结果；showtimeandorder显示时间和顺序。根据“Iamwillingtotrynewthings”可知，单词“Moreover”用来添加更多信息。故选B。7．TheReadingClubisverypopularinourschool.It________fiftyboysandfifty-fivegirls.A．ismadeupof B．ismadeof C．ismadefrom D．ismadein【答案】A【详解】句意：阅读俱乐部在我们学校很受欢迎。它由五十个男孩和五十五个女孩组成。考查动词短语词义辨析。ismadeupof由……组成；ismadeof由……制成（看得出原材料）；ismadefrom由……制成（看不出原材料）；ismadein在……制造。分析题干可知，此处表示阅读俱乐部由五十个男孩和五十五个女孩组成，用bemadeupof。故选A。8．—Sandy,Mother’sDayiscoming.Whatwillyoubuyforyourmotherasagift?—Ifoundsomebeautifulkeyringsinagiftshop,andIplantobuy________forher.A．it B．one C．this D．that【答案】B【详解】句意：——桑迪，母亲节快到了。你会给妈妈买什么礼物？——我在一家礼品店发现了一些漂亮的钥匙扣，我打算给她买一个。考查代词辨析。it它，指代上文提到的事物；one一个，指代上文提到的同类事物；this这个；that那个。根据“Ifoundsomebeautifulkeyringsinagiftshop,andIplantobuy...forher.”可知，此处是指上文提到的钥匙扣中的一个，用one指代。故选B。9．UncleLicanspeakEnglishverywellbecausehe________Englandfor5years.A．hasbeenin B．hasbeento C．hasgoneto D．hasarrivedin【答案】A【详解】句意：李叔叔英语说得很好因为他在英国待了5年。考查现在完成时。hasbeenin待在某地；hasbeento曾经去过某地（已经回来）；hasgoneto去了某地还未回来；hasarrivedin已经到达。根据“for5years”可知，设空处应用延续性动词，hasbeenin符合题意。故选A。10．—________doyouusuallyuseyouriPadfor?—Toreade-books.A．How B．Why C．What D．When【答案】C【详解】句意：——你通常用iPad做什么？——来阅读电子书。考查特殊疑问句。How如何；Why为什么；What什么；When什么时候。根据“Toreade-books.”可知，问句是询问目的，用“What...for?”来询问目的。故选C。11．—HasDanielinvitedyoutohisbirthdaypartythisweekend?—Yes,butI’ve________itbecauseI’llhaveanimportantmeetingonthatday.A．accepted B．received C．agreed D．refused【答案】D【详解】句意：——丹尼尔邀请你这个周末去参加他的生日聚会了吗？——是的，但我拒绝了，因为那天我有个重要会议。考查动词辨析。accepted接受；received收到；agreed同意；refused拒绝。根据“becauseI’llhaveanimportantmeetingonthatday.”可知，我那天有个重要的会议，所以拒绝了丹尼尔的邀请。故选D。12．—Ihaven’tdecided________myholiday.—Whataboutplacesofnaturalbeauty?A．whentospend B．wheretospend C．howtospend D．whotospend【答案】B【详解】句意：——我还没决定去哪里度假。——自然美景的地方怎么样？考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。whentospend什么时候去度假；wheretospend去哪里度假；howtospend怎样去度假；whotospend谁去度假。根据“Whataboutplacesofnaturalbeauty?”可知，是问去哪里度假。故选B。13．—MustIhandinmyprojectplanbeforeWednesday,madam?—No,you________.Youcangiveittomesometimenextweek.A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t【答案】C【详解】句意：——老师，我必须在周三之前交项目计划吗？——不，你不需要。你可以在下周的某个时候给我。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能；needn’t不必，不需要；shouldn’t不应该。根据答语“Youcangiveittomesometimenextweek.”可知，此处表达否定，又因为问句是由情态动词Must引导的一般疑问句，所以此处否定回答要用needn’t来回答，意为“不需要”符合语境。故选C。14．—Excuseme,doyoumindmysittinghereforawhile?—________.Theoldladysittingherehasjustleft.A．Yes,please B．Nevermind C．Ihopeso D．Certainlynot【答案】D【详解】句意：——对不起，你介意我在这里坐一会儿吗？——当然不。坐在这儿的那位老太太刚离开。考查情景交际。Yes,please是的，请；Nevermind没关系；Ihopeso希望如此；Certainlynot当然不。根据“Theoldladysittingherehasjustleft.”可知，此处是回答不介意对方坐在这，D选项符合语境。故选D。二、完形填空(本题共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。WhenIwas12yearsold,Ialreadyknewthatmyteenyearsweregoingtobetheworstyearsofmy15.Iwasatotaloutsider,bullied(欺凌)byothersatschool.Iwascompletely16inmysmalltown.Butbyworkingasa17whenIwas14,Iturnedmyproblemintoapassion(热情)forhelpingothers.Thechancetobeavolunteermademefeellikemylifehadagreater18.Irealizedthatmypurposeinlifewouldbetohelppeople,especiallyteenagers,andhelpingthemmakesmefeelless19.Themorepositive(积极的)energyIshared,themorekindnessI20.Booksweremytruefriendsbackthen.Iwasso21thatthewriterswrotethosebooks.22booksofferedmethekindnessandsavedmylife.Oneofmybiggestdreamswastobecomeawriter,23Icouldwritebooksandhelpotherteenagers.KindnesssavedmewhenIneededhelpmost.Evensmallactsofkindnesscanchangesomeone’slife.Youneverknow24someoneelseisgoingthrough(经历).Butbypracticingdailykindness,youbecomeanarchitect(缔造者)ofpositivechange.15．A．school B．life C．family D．history16．A．alone B．happy C．angry D．interested17．A．volunteer B．doctor C．farmer D．singer18．A．dream B．world C．purpose D．problem19．A．slowly B．luckily C．sadly D．lonely20．A．watched B．received C．wanted D．did21．A．surprised B．sad C．thankful D．worried22．A．His B．Her C．Our D．Their23．A．until B．before C．so D．but24．A．what B．why C．that D．how【答案】15．B16．A17．A18．C19．D20．B21．C22．D23．C24．A【导语】本文讲述了作者青少年时期通过做志愿者帮助他人的经历改变了自己的人生，作者告诉我们即使是小小的善举也能改变人的一生。15．句意：当我12岁的时候，我就知道我的青少年时期将是我一生中最糟糕的岁月。school学校；life生活；family家庭；history历史。根据“Iwasatotaloutsider,bullied(欺凌)byothersatschool.”可知，应表达是人生中最糟糕的岁月。故选B。16．句意：我在我的小镇上完全是孤身一人。alone孤独的；happy高兴的；angry生气的；interested感兴趣的。根据“Iwasatotaloutsider,kezhibullied(欺凌)byothersatschool.”可知，作者在小镇上是个局外人所以他是孤独的。故选A。17．句意：但是在我14岁的时候通过做志愿者，我把我的问题变成了帮助别人的热情。volunteer志愿者；doctor医生；farmer农民；singer歌手。根据“Thechancetobeavolunteer”可知，是做了志愿者。故选A。18．句意：成为一名志愿者的机会让我觉得我的生活有了更大的目标。dream梦想；world世界；purpose目标；problem问题。根据“Irealizedthatmypurposeinlifewouldbetohelppeople,”可知，做志愿者让作者觉得人生有了更大的目标。故选C。19．句意：我意识到我的人生目标是帮助别人，尤其是青少年，帮助他们让我不那么孤独。slowly慢地；luckily幸运地；sadly悲伤地；lonely孤独的。根据“Iwascompletelyaloneinmysmalltown.”可知，是帮助他们使我不那么孤独。故选D。20．句意：我分享的正能量越多，我得到的善意就越多。watched观看；received得到；wanted想要；did做。根据“Themorepositive(积极的)energyIshared,themorekindnessI...”可知，应表达我分享的正能量越多，得到的善意就越多。故选B。21．句意：我很感激作家们写了那些书。surprised吃惊的；sad悲伤的；thankful感激的；worried担心的。根据“Booksweremytruefriendsbackthen.”可知，作者感激写书的作家。故选C。22．句意：他们的书给了我善意拯救了我的生命。His他的；Her她的；Our我们的；Their他们的。根据“thewriterswrotethosebooks.”可知，是表达他们的书。故选D。23．句意：我最大的梦想之一是成为一名作家，这样我就可以写书并帮助其他青少年。until直到；before在……之前；so因此；but但是。根据“Oneofmybiggestdreamswastobecomeawriter,...Icouldwritebooksandhelpotherteenagers.”可知，前后表示因果关系，后者表结果，用so连接。故选C。24．句意：你永远不知道别人正在经历什么。what什么；why为什么；that引导宾语从句时无实义；how怎样。根据“Youneverknow...someoneelseisgoingthrough(经历).”可知，此句是宾语从句，从句中缺少through的宾语，故用what引导宾语从句。故选A。三、阅读理解(本题共13小题；每小题2分,满分26分)Longlongago,theState(国家)ofQiusedtobeverystrong,butlateritbecamelesspowerful(强大的).YanZiwasawiseadviser,sothekingofQisenthimtoaskChutosupporteachother.ThekingofChuknewYanZiwasveryshort.HetriedtomakeYanZifeelshyathisheight.WhenYanZiarrived,theguard(警卫)toldhimtoenterthroughthesmallgate.YanZididn’tgetangry.“Onlyastateofdogswillwelcomevisitorswithagatefordogs.I’mvisitingtheStateofChu.Thisgateisn’tforme.”YanZisaid.Sotheguardhadtotakehimthroughthemaingate.ThekingofChuwasunhappyatwhatYanZidid.“WhydidQisendYOU?Don’ttheyhaveanyonebetter?”thekingtriedanotherway.“IfQimeetsagreatking,he’llsendthebestambassador(使臣).I’mtheworst.That’swhyI’mhere.”YanZirepliedcalmly.Atthistime,theguardsbroughtathief(小偷)totheking.ThethiefwasfromQi.“Ha!YanZi,isQiastateofthieves?”askedtheking.YanZireplied,“TheorangetreesinthesouthoftheHuaiRiverproduce(长出)biganddeliciousfruit,whiletheorangetreesinthenorthoftheHuaiRiverproducesmallandsour(酸的)fruit.Theenvironmentmakesthefruitgrowdifferently.InQi,peoplearegoodandhonest,butheretheysteal(偷).Whathasmadethatpersonathiefhere?”Finally,thekinglookedatYanZiandlaughed,“Iwaswrongaboutyouandyourstate!”25．WhatdidYanZimeanaccordingtotheunderlined(下划的)sentences?A．YanZithinksofhimselfasthebest. B．ThekingofChuisn’tgreat.C．ThekingofQiispopularamongpeople. D．Oiisagreatcountry.26．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．YanZiwasveryshort,sotheguardtoldhimtoenterthroughthesmallgate.B．QiwasstrongandwantedtoworktogetherwithChu.C．ThekingofChurealizedYanZiwasawiseadviser.D．TheenvironmentofChuwouldmakepeoplefromOihonest.27．Accordingtothelastsecondparagraph,whichChinesesayingbestdescribesYanZi’sreply?A．谋事在人，成事在天。 B．一言既出，驷马难追。C．近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 D．仁者见仁，智者见智。【答案】25．B26．C27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了晏子使楚的故事。25．推理判断题。根据“IfQimeetsagreatking,he’llsendthebestambassador(使臣).I’mtheworst.That’swhyI’mhere.”可知，晏子说如果齐国遇到伟大的国王，就会派最好的使臣，而自己是最差的，所以被派来了。言外之意是楚王不是伟大的国王，否则齐国就会派更好的使臣来了。所以晏子的意思是楚王不伟大。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据“Finally,thekinglookedatYanZiandlaughed,‘Iwaswrongaboutyouandyourstate!’”以及前文晏子的种种机智应对可知，楚王意识到晏子是一位明智的谋士。结合选项，本题正确答案为C。故选C。27．推理判断题。根据“TheorangetreesinthesouthoftheHuaiRiverproduce(长出)biganddeliciousfruit,whiletheorangetreesinthenorthoftheHuaiRiverproducesmallandsour(酸的)fruit.Theenvironmentmakesthefruitgrowdifferently.InQi,peoplearegoodandhonest,butheretheysteal(偷).Whathasmadethatpersonathiefhere?”可知，晏子以橘子在淮河以南和以北生长情况不同为例，说明环境对人的影响，人在齐国是善良诚实的，到了楚国就成了小偷，是环境改变了人。“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”意思是靠着朱砂的变红，靠着墨的变黑，比喻接近好人可以使人变好，接近坏人可以使人变坏，强调环境对人的影响，最能描述晏子的回答。故选C。Thatnight,Tebelishadsomestrangedreams.Hedreamedthathewaslostinaseaofgrain(谷物),hedreamedaboutwater.Inhisdream,hewassittingbesideariver.Hereacheddown,andhefeltthecoolstreamofwaterpressingagainsthishand...Tebelissuddenlyopenedhiseyes.Thiswasit,theanswertohisimpossibletask!“Icanusewatertomill(碾碎)thegrain,”hesaidtohimself.“Icanmakeawatermill(水磨)!”ThelaziestboyinGreeceworkedthroughthenight,thinkingabouthisplan.Thenextmorning,Tebelisjoinedhisfatheratthekitchentableanddescribedhisideaindetail.“Myson,”Agathonsaid,“Iamhappythatyoucareaboutourproblem.Still,Idonotbelievethatwaterwillturnaheavywheel(轮子).IfwehaveanyhopeofmillingAlexander’sgrain,wemustworkveryhardtoday.”“Wecouldnevermillallthatgrainbyourselves,”Tebelisreplied.“Thinkofhowtiredwewerelastnight!I’msuremyideawillwork.Ithinkthestreambehindourhouseistheperfectplacetobuildmywatermill.”Atlast,Agathonagreed.Laterthatmorning,Tebeliscutdownasmalltree.Next;hecutthewoodintoboardsofdifferentsizes,bothshortandlong.Finally,heusedtheboardstobuildalargewheel.Thefollowingday,Tebelismadeaholeinthegroundbesidethestream.Heputapole(杆子)inthehole,andanotherinthewater.Heplacedalongboardbetweenthepoles.Lastly,withAgathon’shelp,heplacedthewheelononeendofthelongboard.Together,fatherandsonwatchedastherapidwaterbeganturningthewheel.Theyweren’tfinishedyet.AgathonandTebelismovedtheflatstoneandtheheavymillstonetothestream.Theyfixedthemillstonetothewaterwheel.Finally,theysteppedback,andtheywatchedandwaited...Nothingwashappening!Tebelis’sheartbegantorace.Thenslowly,eversoslowly,themillstonebegantoturn.Itturnedfaster,faster,faster.Itwasworking!“Wedidit!”Tebelisshouted.28．HowdidTebelisfindthewaytofinishhisimpossibletask?A．Hisfathertoldhimhowtodoit. B．Hefoundtheanswerfrombooks.C．Hegottheideafromhisdream. D．Hediscussedthetaskwithfriends.29．WhatisthecorrectorderofTebelis’invention(发明)?①AgathonandTebelisfixedthemillstonetothewaterwheel.②Tebelisbuiltalargewheelwithboardsofdifferentsizes.③Tebelisplacedthewheelononeendofthelongboardwithhisfather.④AgathonandTebelismovedtheflatstoneandtheheavymillstonetothestream.A．②③④① B．③④①② C．②④①③ D．②③①④30．WhatdoyouthinkofTebelisinthispassage?A．Honestandbrave. B．Cleverandhard-working.C．Lazyandcareless. D．Generousandpolite.【答案】28．C29．D30．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了希腊男孩Tebelis通过梦境获得灵感，设计并建造水磨以完成“不可能任务”的故事。尽管最初被父亲质疑，Tebelis凭借创新思维和实际行动，成功利用水力驱动磨石，展现了智慧与坚持的力量。28．细节理解题。根据“Thatnight,Tebelishadsomestrangedreams...Thiswasit,theanswertohisimpossibletask!”可知，Tebelis通过梦境中的河流和水流获得灵感，想到用水磨解决问题。故选C。29．推理判断题。根据文中步骤可知，Tebelis先砍树，做成不同尺寸的木板，建造大轮子；接下来的一天，他在溪边挖洞，放置杆子，用长木板连接，并在父亲帮助下放置轮子；然后，他们移动磨石到溪边；最后，他们将磨石固定到水轮上。因此正确顺序为②→③→①→④，故选D。30．推理判断题。根据“Icanmakeawatermill(水磨)!”和“I’msuremyideawillwork.Ithinkthestreambehindourhouseistheperfectplacetobuildmywatermill.”可知，Tebelis很聪明；根据“workedthroughthenight”可知，他也很勤奋。故选B。April23rdisWorldBookDay.Manygoodreadsarerecommendedonthewebsite.Here’resomeEnglishones,especiallyforkids.MeettheGeorgiansByRobertPeal,UKThewriter,ahistoryteacherfromLondon,writesaboutdifferentpeopleandplacesfromthe18thcentury.Hewantstoshowthereadersa“wildtime”inBritishhistory.AbookreviewsaysthatthisbookisthebestoneforkidstobecomeinterestedinBritishhistory.SolutionsandOtherProblemsByAllieBrosh,USThisisapopulargraphic(配图的)novel.Thewriterusesaspecialartstyletotellsomeheartbreakingstories.Allthecharactersinthebookexpresstheirfeelingsinafunnychildlikeway.Infact,Everyonehasahiddenpartinsideandwehavetoletitoutsometimesinafunnyway.EverythingSadIsUntrueByDanielNayeri,USItisanautobiography(自传)aboutthewriter’sownexperiencesasanimmigrant(移民)totheUSA．YoungDanielwenttoamiddleschoolinanAmericantown,wherehewastheonlyItaliankid.Everyonethoughthewasdifferent.Tomakepeopleunderstandhim,hetoldthemhisfamily’sstories.Thisbookexploreswhatitfeelsliketopartwithone’shomecountry.StarsofWonderByRebeccaBruff,USBruffmakesupaninterestingadventure(冒险)storyinthebook.Fivechildren,threeprinces(王子)—Jonah,Nathan,Jacob,aprincess(公主)—Phoebe,andtheirfriendSumartraveltowardabrightstar-StarofWonder.Duringtheirjourney,theyhavetofacealotofchallenges,butthechildrenworktogethertoovercomedifficultiesandfinallyseethestarwiththeirowneyes.31．Thefourrecommendedbooksareall________.A．writtenbyAmericanwriters B．recommendedespeciallyforadultsC．suitableforchildrentoread D．storiesofthewriters’ownexperiences32．Ifyou’reinterestedinadventurestories,you’dbetterchoose________.A．MeettheGeorgians B．StarsofWonderC．EverythingSadIsUntrue D．SolutionsandOtherProblems33．Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassageabove?A．YoumayhaveasenseofsadnessandhumorwhenreadingAllieBrosh’snovel.B．“MeettheGeorgians”helpsreaderstolearnaboutthehistoryofBritaininthe1900s.C．DanielNayerihadtoleaveItalyfortheUKwithhisfamilyataveryyoungage.D．Allthefivemaincharactersin“StarsofWonder”arefromtheroyal(皇家的)family.【答案】31．C32．B33．A【导语】本文主要推荐了一些适合儿童阅读的书本。31．细节理解题。根据“Here’resomeEnglishones,especiallyforkids.”以及图片推荐的书可知，推荐的四本书都适合儿童阅读。故选C。32．细节理解题。根据StarsofWonder中的“Bruffmakesupaninterestingadventure(冒险)storyinthebook.”可知，如果你对冒险故事感兴趣，你最好选择“StarsofWonder”。故选B。33．推理判断题。根据SolutionsandOtherProblems中的“Thisisapopulargraphic(配图的)novel.Thewriterusesaspecialartstyletotellsomeheartbreakingstories.Allthecharactersinthebookexpresstheirfeelingsinafunnychildlikeway.”可知，读AllieBrosh的小说时，这本书既有令人心痛的内容也带着幽默色彩，故选A。Peoplebelievethateverywordhasitscorrectmeaning(s).Whenwearenotsure,weusuallycheckonline.FirstDictionarywritersreadtheimportantbooksofthatperiodorthesubjectthatthedictionarywasabout.Astheyread,theycopiednecessaryinformationoncards:interestingwords,commonwords—bothintheirdailyusesandunusualuses,thewordsandtheusesofeachwordwerecollected.Forareallybigdictionary,millionsofsuchcardswerecollected.Asthecardswerecollected,theywereputinalphabeticalorderr(A-Z).________.Then,todefine(定义)aword,threwawaysome,readtherestagain,hewrotethedefinitions,followingthehard-and-fastrule:eachdefinitionmustcomefromanexampleonacertaincardinfrontofhim.So,thewritingofadictionarycouldlastforyears.Itwasnotataskofinventingmeaningsofwords,butataskofrecordingtheirmeanings.Thewriterofadictionarywasahistorian.Astimedevelops,thewayofproducingdictionarieshasgreatlychanged.Nowadays,wecanuseonlinedictionariestoo.Whenchoosingourwordsinspeakingorwriting,wecannotbecontrolledbyit,becausenewsituations,newinventions,andnewfeelingsarealwayspushingustogivenewusestooldwords.34．Whichshowsthecorrectstepsofhowdictionariesweremadeinthepast?A．①③④② B．①②④③ C．③④②① D．③①④②35．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassageaboutdictionarywritinginthepast?A．Itshouldbedonebyhistorians. B．Itwasataskofinventingandrecording.C．Itwaslong-timehardwork. D．Ithadtousethelaw-makingrules.36．Whichsentenceisthebestfor“________”inParagraph2?A．Whenthiswasdone,therewouldbeseveralhundredcardsforeachsingleword.B．Therearemanytypesofcards,suchaspaper-basedcardsandelectroniccards.C．However,ifdictionarywritersusetheminawrongway,thecardscan’thelpthem.D．Cardsastoolscanhelpthelearnerstodeveloptheirlanguageskills.37．Whatdoesthewriteradviseustodowhenwechoosewordsincommunication?A．Beopentothenewusesofwords. B．Followthedictionarystrictly.C．Useonlinedictionariesinstead. D．Trytocreatenewwords.【答案】34．D35．C36．A37．A【导语】本文主要介绍了过去人们是如何制作词典的，并介绍了现代词典的发展。34．推理判断题。根据第二段“First,dictionarywritersreadtheimportantbooksofthatperiodorthesubjectthatthedictionarywasabout...Thatistosay,thewords,alongwiththeusesofeachword,werecollected.”，“Asthecardswerecollected,theywereputinalphabeticalorder(A—Z).”，第三段“Then,todefine(定义)aword,thedictionarywriterplaceditshundredsofcardsbeforehim.Hereadthecardsclosely,threwawaysome,readtherestagain,hewrotethedefinitions,followingthehard-and-fastrule”可知，在过去编词典时，词典编纂者先收集单词，然后将收集的单词按字母A至Z的顺序排序，然后根据单词的常用用法把卡片分类，最后写下定义。故选D。35．推理判断题。根据第四段“So,thewritingofadictionarycouldlastforyears.Itwasnotataskofinventingmeaningsofwords,butataskofrecordingtheirmeanings.”可推知，编写词典是一项长期艰苦的工作。故选C。36．推理判断题。根据前文“Forareallybigdictionary,millionsofsuchcardswerecollected.Asthecardswerecollected,theywereputinalphabeticalorderr(A-Z).”（对于一本真正的大字典，收集了数百万张这样的卡片。当卡片被收集起来后，它们被按字母顺序（A-Z）排列。）可知，这里在说卡片的收集和整理。“Whenthiswasdone,therewouldbeseveralhundredcardsforeachsingleword.”（当这一步完成后，每个单词可能会有几百张卡片。）承接上文，说明了卡片整理后的情况，符合语境。故选A。37．推理判断题。根据“Whenchoosingourwordsinspeakingorwriting,wecannotbecontrolledbyit,becausenewsituations,newinventions,andnewfeelings,arealwayspushingustogivenewusestooldwords.”可知，当我们在交流中选择词汇时，要接受单词的新用法。故选A。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共45分)四、词汇(本题共16小题；每小题1分,满分16分)A.请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意,写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。38．Thatgirldresseswell,butherrudewordsmakeherlookeven(丑陋).【答案】ugly【详解】句意：那个女孩穿得很好，但她粗鲁的话语使她看起来更加丑陋。ugly“丑陋的”，是形容词，此处作表语。故填ugly。39．Theoldmanlivesbyhimselfinthecountryside.Sometimeshefeelsvery(孤独的).【答案】lonely【详解】句意：这位老人独自住在乡下。有时他感觉非常孤独。根据中文提示可知，“孤独的”的英文表达是lonely/alone。alone强调独自的状态，而lonely侧重于内心孤独的感受。根据语境可知，此处强调老人内心感到孤独，故填lonely。40．Wecandotheprojecttogetherinthenext(几个)ofweeks.【答案】couple【详解】句意：在接下来的几周内，我们可以一起做这个项目。“inthenextcoupleofweeks”是固定搭配，其中“couple”作为名词，与“ofweeks”连用，意为“几周”。故填couple。41．Everyone(除了)mehasseenthefilmYOLO,soI’llgotoseeittoday.【答案】except【详解】句意：除了我之外，每个人都看过《热辣滚烫》，所以我今天就去看。根据“soI’llgotoseeittoday”可知，此处是指不包含“我”，except“除了”（不包括在内），介词，符合句意。故填except。42．Mom(拒绝)tobuytheexpensivetoycarforTomintheshop.【答案】refused【详解】句意：妈妈拒绝在商店里给汤姆买那辆昂贵的玩具汽车。根据中文提示，此处使用动词refuse“拒绝”，refusetodosth意为“拒绝做某事”；根据句意可知，这句话描述的事情已发生，应用一般过去时，此处应用动词的过去式，故填refused。43．Lindaarrivedlateforschoolyesterday,andshe(解释)totheteacherthatshewasill.【答案】explained【详解】句意：琳达昨天上学迟到了，她向老师解释说她病了。explain“解释”，此处表示过去的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，应填explained。故填explained。44．Jennyoftenasksmeforhelpwhenshefindsherself(able)toworkouttheproblem.【答案】unable【详解】句意：当珍妮发现自己无法解决这个问题时，她经常向我求助。根据“Jennyoftenasksmeforhelp”可知，此处指的是“无法解决问题时”，able“能的”，此处应用其反义词unable“不能的”，故填unable。45．We(learn)allthenewwords.Weneedn’tworryaboutthetest.【答案】havelearnt【详解】句意：我们已经学会了所有的新单词，我们不需要担心考试。根据“Weneedn’tworryaboutthetest.”可知此处强调影响，应该用现在完成时，表示已经学会了所有的新单词，所以用havedone，learn的过去分词是learnt。故填havelearnt。46．Hehurried(catch)theearlybusthismorning.【答案】tocatch【详解】句意：他今天早上匆忙赶早班公交车。hurrytodosth“匆忙做某事”，空处填动词不定式。catch“赶上”，动词，不定式为tocatch。故填tocatch。47．IwalkedaroundtheWestLakeandcouldn’tstop(take)photos.【答案】taking【详解】句意：我绕着西湖走，并忍不住地拍照。can’tstopdoingsth“忍不住做某事”，空处填动词ing形式。take“照相”，动词，其ing形式为taking。故填taking。48．Itsnowsalotinthe(north)partofthecountryinwinter.【答案】northern【详解】句意：这个国家的北部在冬天下了很多雪。根据“inthe...partofthecountry”可知，“part”是名词，地区，名词前需用形容词修饰作定语；north对应的形容词是northern，故填northern。49．Nowmoreandmore(factory)havemovedoutofcities.【答案】factories【详解】句意：现在越来越多的工厂已经搬出了城市。factory“工厂”，是可数名词，根据“moreandmore”可知，此处需用名词复数形式factories。故填factories。50．Howareyougoingtoyourrelationshipwithyourfriends?(改善)【答案】improve【详解】句意：你打算如何改善与朋友的关系？根据“Howareyougoingto”可知，此处为一般将来时，结构为“begoingtodosth.”，所以填动词原形；结合所给中文可知，improve“改善”符合句意。故填improve。51．AliceMunroisafamous(加拿大的)writer.【答案】Canadian【详解】句意：AliceMunro是一位著名的加拿大作家。Canadian“加拿大的”，形容词作定语，修饰名词writer。故填Canadian。52．I(throw)downmybagandwenttothelivingroom.【答案】threw【详解】句意：我扔下书包到客厅去了。根据“andwenttothelivingroom”和所给单词可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，所以填throw的过去式threw，和后面的went并列作谓语。故填threw。53．—WecanuseQQtocommunicatewitheachotheronline.—Good.Willyoupleaseshowme(use)it?【答案】howtouse【详解】句意：——我们可以用QQ在网上互相交流。——不错。你能给我展示一下如何使用它吗？根据句意可知，对方请求展示如何使用，空格处需用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语。“如何”英文是how。故填howtouse。五、任务型阅读(本题共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。Sometimes,weseesomepeoplereadingbookswhilebitingtheirnails(指甲).Wemaythinkitisakindofbehaviorthatmeanstheyarefocused(专心的).Butinfact,itismorethanthatandsciencehasprovedit.Nailbitingcanbeginatanearlyage.AccordingtotheBBC,upto45percentofteenagersbitetheirnails.Thereisnotanexactanswertoexplainwhypeoplebitetheirnails.Butmostcommonly,nailbitingissaidtobeanervoushabit.Itisdonebecauseofstress,boredomorexcitement.What’smore,scientistsfoundthatpeoplewithhigherlevelsofintelligence(智力)aretheoneswhostartbitingtheirnailsatanearlyage.Theybelievethatcomparedwiththeaverageperson,thosewithhigherlevelsofintelligencemayfeelhigherlevelsofstressmoreeasily.Thishabitisbadforthebiters.Itcangivethemredorsorefingertips.Andlong-termnailbitingcanaffect(影响)howournailsgrow.Butdon’tworry!Therearemanywaystostopbitingyournails.First,keepyournailsclean.Themoreyoufocuson(集中于)takingcareofyournails,thelesslikelyyouaretostartbitingthemagain.Also,whenyoufeelstressed,trytorelax.Doingexerciseorhavingawarmbathbothhelp.NailbitingIntroductionItcanstartwhenpeopleare54.Upto45percentofteenagershavethe55.56Ithassomethingtodowithanervoushabitbecausepeoplefeelstressed,boredorexcited.Thehigherlevelsofintelligencepeoplehave,thehigherlevelsofstresstheymayfeel,andthemorelikelytheywillbitetheirnails.Effects(影响)Itcangivethemredorsorefingertips.Long-termnailbitingcanaffectthe57ournailsgrow.SolutionsKeepyournailsclean.Focusmoreonlookingafteryournails.Ifyoufeelstressed,itis58todoexerciseorhaveawarmbath.【答案】54．young55．habit56．Reasons57．way58．helpful【导语】本文主要介绍了咬指甲的原因和危害，以及如何停止咬指甲。54．根据第二段“Nailbitingcanbeginatanearlyage.”可知，咬指甲可能在很小的时候就开始了，are后跟形容词。故填young。55．根据第二段“AccordingtotheBBC,upto45percentofteenagersbitetheirnails.”可知，高达45%的青少年有咬指甲的习惯。the后跟名词。故填habit。56．根据第三段“Thereisnotanexactanswertoexplainwhypeoplebitetheirnails.”可知，这里主要讲了咬指甲的原因，用可数名词复数。首字母应该大写。故填Reasons。57．根据第五段“Andlong-termnailbitingcanaffect(影响)howournailsgrow.”可知，长期咬指甲会影响指甲的生长方式。故填way。58．根据最后一段“Doingexerciseorhavingawarmbathbothhelp.”可知，如果你感到压力大做运动或洗澡是有帮助的，is后跟形容词。故填helpful。六、完成句子(本题共6小题；每小题2分,满分12分)59．最后一天，我们给朋友买了许多礼物。我们非常喜欢这次旅行。Weonthelastday.We.【答案】boughtalotofpresentsforourfriendsenjoyedthistripverymuch【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少内容“给朋友买了许多礼物”以及“非常喜欢这次旅行”。buysthforsb“为某人买某物”，alotof“许多”，present“礼物”，此处应用名词复数，ourfriends“我们的朋友们”，enjoy“喜欢”，thistrip“这次旅行”，verymuch“非常”；且描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填boughtalotofpresents