2025年高考英语总复习《完形填空之说明文类》专项测试卷及答案

第页2025年高考英语总复习《完形填空之说明文类》专项测试卷及答案学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________考向分析考向分析说明文类完形填空题常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明，文章可以是用来说明某一种社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一种产品的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题。说明文所呈现的方式较为单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。因此，这类文章的每一段通常就是其中的一个角度或侧面，所以要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括说明。说明文类的完形填空的特征如下：1.文章多用现在时态说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用现在时态。2.语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述说明文的目的主要是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实、易于理解，内容客观真实，很少含有带感情的词汇。3.文章主题明确，层次分明说明文类完形填空往往在文章开头就点明说明对象，从而为学生们把握文章主题提供了有利条件。而且，作者借助合理的说明顺序展开文章，使文章结构清晰，层次分明。1.利用说明文首句，明确说明对象2.关注内在联系，把握说明顺序常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序（如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等）和认识顺序（如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质、由具体到抽象等）。3.逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服“思维定式”，根据全文大意和文不离句、句不离文的原则逐项选择。针对说明文独有的文体特点，解答时一定要注意从上下文意义、惯用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理、常识等角度去考虑和判断，并注意其内在联系。【题型分析】Imaginethefirstdaysinanewtimezone.Slowtorespondtothe28______,yourbodyclockisconfused.You'resleepyallday,butwhenit'stimeforbed,youcanhardlyfallasleep.Obviouslyyou're29_________jetlag(时差反应）.28.A.flightB.changeC.demandD.climate29.A.sufferingfromB.workingonC.lookingintoD.leadingtoHowlongcanhumanbeingslive?Mostscientistswhostudyoldagethinkthatthehumanbodyis1_______tolivenolongerthan120years.However,110yearsisprobablythelongestthatanyonecouldhopetolive-ifheorsheis2_______healthyandlucky.Somescientistsevensaywecanliveaslongas130years!Yet,ourcellssimplycannotcontinuetoreproduce3_______.Theywearout,andasaresult,wegetoldand4die.1.A.designedB.selectedC.improvedD.discovered2.A.completelyB.generallyC.apparentlyD.extremely3.A.rapidlyB.harmlesslyC.endlesslyD.separately4.A.eventuallyB.hopelesslyC.automaticallyD.desperately检测训练检测训练1、

ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March-1

sixmonthsoutoftheyear.

"Ofcourse,we2

itwhenthesunisshining,"saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown'stourismoffice."Weseetheskyis3,butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker—it'slikeona4day.”

Butthat5

whenasystemofhigh-tech6

wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents（居民）ofRjukan7

theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto8.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat

9

themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe10

andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam（束）oflightontothetown'scentral11,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight12,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.

"Peoplehavebeen13

thereandstandingthereandtaking14

ofeachother,"Rosays."Thetownsquarewastotally15.Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere."The3,500residentscannotall16

thesunshineatthesametime.17,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown's18

residents.

"It'snotvery19,”shesays,"butitisenoughwhenweare20.”1.A.onlyB.obviouslyC.nearlyD.precisely2.A.fearB.believeC.hearD.notice3.A.emptyB.blueC.highD.wide4.A.cloudyB.normalC.differentD.warm5.A.helpedB.changedC.happenedD.mattered6.A.computersB.telescopesC.mirrorsD.cameras7.A.rememberedB.forecastedC.receivedD.imagined8.A.repairB.riskC.restD.use9.A.forbidsB.directsC.predictsD.follows10.A.dayB.nightC.monthD.year11.A.libraryB.hallC.squareD.street12.A.appearedB.returnedC.fadedD.stopped13.A.drivingB.hidingC.campingD.siting14.A.picturesB.notesC.careD.hold15.A.newB.fullC.flatD.silent16.A.blockB.avoidC.enjoyD.store17.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.GraduallyD.Similarly18.A.nature-lovingB.energy-savingC.weather-beatenD.sun-starved19.A.bigB.clearC.coldD.easy20.A.tryingB.waitingC.watchingD.sharing2、Therearegoodstoriestobefoundinnearlyeveryvolunteerexperience.ButLaurieScottispositivethat1anexchangestudentproducessomeofthegreatest.Asalong-timevolunteerwithanagencythathelps2studentsconnectwithwarmandcaring3duringtheirtimeintheUS,Scotseesfirst-handboththehumorandtheverydeeplymeaningfuloutcomes.Scott4Christine,forexample,astudentfromNorway.5atarestaurantoneday,Christinewasaskedifshewantedasouporsalad.ThegirlturnedtoScottwith6,“WhywouldIwantasupersalad?”Tryingnottolaughtoohard,Scott7thatwhatthewaiterhadaskedwaswhethershewanted“souporsalad”.Scottandherhusband8volunteeredtobeahostfamilyinAugust2003.TheyhadjustmovedtoLasVegas,andshewaslookingforawaytogetconnectedinthecommunity.“Theconceptofhelping9worldpeacethroughunderstandingiswhatmakesme10.ThroughtheagencyIhavefoundthebestpartofmycommunityinourgreatfamiliesandhavebeenabletosharethe11sideoftheUSwithourstudents.”Timeandagain,her12toservicehasopenedhearts.Infact,shesays,oneoftheiramazingexperiencescamefrom13onehostedstudent,ayoungmanfromGermanynamedJens,abouthowAmericansvolunteer.InGermany,whereyoungpeopleare14tospendayearservinginthearmy,volunteerserviceis15.Therefore,Jenswasso16bytheconceptofgivingthathe17theagencytohelppromoteexchanges,andbecameveryinvolvedwithlocalschools.18allstoriesthatcomeoutofinternationalexchange,there’sa(an)19inthisone:Openingourheartsand20issomethingwecanalldo.1.A.adopting B.hosting C.raising D.teaching2.A.international B.promising C.needy D.urban3.A.relatives B.colleges C.houses D.friends4.A.misses B.remembers C.praises D.loves5.A.Queuing B.Working C.Calling D.Ordering6.A.surprise B.anger C.delight D.fear7.A.announced B.realised C.explained D.concluded8.A.obviously B.frequently C.probably D.originally9.A.makeup B.giveaway C.takeover D.bringabout10.A.talented B.involved C.organized D.relaxed11.A.familiar B.flexible C.positive D.controversial12.A.sacrifice B.devotion C.response D.addiction13.A.teaching B.reminding C.questioning D.warning14.A.required B.advised C.determined D.considered15.A.compulsory B.widespread C.valid D.unusual16.A.frightened B.relieved C.attracted D.challenged17.A.founded B.inspired C.joined D.permitted18.A.Except B.Like C.Ratherthan D.Regardlessof19.A.difference B.anecdote C.amusement D.lesson20.A.minds B.homes C.eyes D.schools3、Ascientist1severalmonkeysinordertostudyanimalpsychology.Hetookaglassbottle,2itscork(瓶塞)andputtwopeanutsinsideit.Thepeanutsdroppedtothebottomandwereeasilyseenfromtheoutside.Hethenpassedthebottletoamonkey,whoshookit3foralongwhileandwasabletogetthepeanutswhenthey4fellout.Thescientistthenputsomepeanutsintothebottleagain5hehaddonebeforeandshowedthemonkeythatitonlyneededtoturnthebottleupsidedownforthepeanutstodropout.6themonkeyalwaysignoredhis7.Eachtimeitjustshookthebottlefrantically,withgreat8butwithoutnecessarilyachieving9result.Nowthequestioniswhythemonkeywasunabletounderstand10thescientistinstructs.11becauseallitsattentionswasfocusedonthepeanuts.Instead,itmusttakeitseyesoffthepeanutsandquickly12itsattentiontothe13movementofthescientistandthewaythebottlewasturnedupsidedown.Toachievethis,ithadtocalmdownandnotbe14bytheimpulse(诱惑)ofitsappetite.Yetthemonkeywasnotabletounderstandthis.Itistheinstancelikethisthatrevealsthemonkey’ssomepsychologyisjustlike15ofhumanbeings.1.A.kept B.rose C.fed D.caught2.A.moving B.removed C.discovered D.covered3.A.happily B.anxiously C.hurriedly D.instantly4.A.suddenly B.accidentally C.occasionally D.quickly5.A.as B.that C.what D.until6.A.But B.When C.Therefore D.Thus7.A.directions B.explanations C.performances D.instructions8.A.effort B.strength C.power D.force9.A.expecting B.interesting C.satisfying D.desired10.A.what B.how C.why D.which11.A.Probably B.Likely C.Simply D.Nearly12.A.put B.send C.pay D.shift13.A.gesture B.mouth C.hand D.eye14.A.takenaway B.takenoff C.takenover D.takenon15.A.that B.the C.those D.this4、Whenmydaughter,Mia,wasinvitedtoakids’poolparty,myheartsunk.My41sometimesgotinthewayofmedoingactivitieswithher.Thereweremomentsthatshouldhave42asawarning,likethefamilypartywhereIhadfrighteningheartpalpitations(心悸)andsawMialookingatmein43,butIjustnutittothebackofmy44.Oneday,oneclosefriend45me,“Seriously,youarethebiggestYOUI’veeverseen.So,fromnowonyou’recomingtotheSlimmingWorldgroupwithme.”Later,herwords46inmymind.ThereIwas,aged33,overweightandstartingtohaveheart47.WhatwouldMiadoifshelostherdad?48,Iwaspulledintothegroup.Withtheconsultant’sexplanationoftheeatingplan,Istartedadinnerwithlotsofvegetables.Thenextweek,Iwas49tofindI’dlost6pounds—thismightactually50!Withmoreconfidence,Idecidedtopractiseswimming,51onedaybeingabody-confidentdad,splashing(戏水)around52atapoolpartywithMia.AsI53myswimmingdistance,myweightlossbecomeeven54.Mialovedseeingthechangeinmeandthe55shoneonherface.I’malsoproudofmyselfforturningmylifearound,forMia.41.A.weight B.sight C.height D.look42.A.escaped B.served C.stopped D.disappeared43.A.joy B.excitement C.curiosity D.horror44.A.neck B.hand C.mind D.shoulder245.A.taught B.laughed C.asked D.warned46.A.worked B.circled C.woke D.rose47.A.examinations B.functions C.problems D.researches48.A.Immediately B.Calmly C.Gradually D.Fairly49.A.upset B.sad C.amazed D.nervous50.A.fadeaway B.settledown C.breakout D.payoff51.A.imagining B.forgetting C.admitting D.worrying52.A.slowly B.happily C.secretly D.cautiously53.A.observed B.predicted C.increased D.measured54.A.evident B.dull C.reliable D.strange55.A.anger B.anxiety C.fear D.pride5、AsourEarth’stemperaturewarmsupbecauseofclimatechange,itishavingunexpectedeffectsonourworld’sforests.Whentemperaturesrise,treesclosetheirskinsto1thelossofwater,andthis,inturn,slowsdownthe2ofphotosynthesis(光合作用).Asaresult,thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly,aswellashavea3deathrate.Climatechangealsoincreasesthe4ofdroughtsandwildfires.Afterwildfires,ittakesawhilefortheforestsystemsto5,andinsomecases,theforestsare6permanently.Treesthatarestressedarealso7toattacksbybacteria(细菌).Intropicalforests,vinesthatusethetreesas8canoftenchokethetreesandrobthemofnutrients.Finally,humanshave9theforestlandscapethroughlogging.Whentreesarereplantedonthesoil,theywillnevergrowaslargeasthe10treesthatwerecutdown.Astheseforestsdisappear,speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtochange,11thevarietyofthosesystems.12,someendangeredspeciesareunableto13anddie.Old-growthforestsaredisappearinginallregionsofourworld.Whenforestsdie,youngerforeststhatarereestablishedinthesameareagrowbackweakerandsmaller14poorvegetation.Withtreesdyingincreasinglyandcontinuously,willfuturegenerations15outonthewondersofforests?1.A.protect B.prevent C.save D.free2.A.movement B.situation C.process D.operation3.A.higher B.firmer C.lighter D.smaller4.A.choice B.measure C.qualification D.chance5.A.grow B.rescue C.recover D.decline6.A.ignored B.lost C.hurt D.left7.A.accessible B.enjoyable C.acceptable D.favorable8.A.attention B.command C.trust D.support9.A.frightened B.paid C.ruined D.wasted10.A.common B.original C.distant D.strong11.A.affecting B.improving C.forgetting D.reflecting12.A.Besides B.Surprisingly C.Otherwise D.Unfortunately13.A.devote B.keep C.adapt D.lead14.A.dueto B.inadditionto C.insteadof D.inspiteof15.A.pass B.miss C.break D.bring6、Myfamilywentonholidayforaweekthissummer.Iwassurprisedtolearnthesleeping71forthenight—myyoungdaughterhadagreedtosleepinafirst-floorbedroombyherself.Aswe72,wediscussedthedeerwehad73onourway.“Ihopewecouldseeabearortwothis74!”mywifeshouted.Atbedtime,mywifeandIwenttotheupstairsroom,andmyparents-in-law(岳父母)headedfora75onthefirstfloor.MywifeandIwereabouttosleepwhenourdaughterappearedwitha/an76lookonherface.Shesaida77wasscratching(刮出刺耳声)atherwindow.IdecideditwouldbebestifIsleptdownstairsandmydaughtersharedtheroomwithmywife.Onmywaydown,Ipassedmyfather-in-law,asleepinfrontofthe78.IwasinbedonlyafewminuteswhenIheardatap…taponthewindowoutside.Somethingwasindeedoutthere.79,itwasn’tabear—Itoldmyself.Ifellasleepsoon.Sometimelater,Iwas80byastrangesound.Isawalarge81inthedoorwayandfrozeasit82closertome.Irealizedwhatitwas—onlyaftermyfatherin-lawbentdowntogivemeakiss.“It’sDavid.”Myfather-in-lawjumpedback.Welaughed83attheawkwardmoment,andIexplainedhisgranddaughter’sbedroom84.Itoldhimthattheonlything85thanabearattackwasPapaBearcomingintokissmegood-night.71.A.schedules B.arrangements C.plots D.routines72.A.settledin B.brokein C.lookeddown D.calmeddown73.A.shot B.hunted C.trained D.spotted74.A.evening B.week C.month D.year75.A.study B.kitchen C.bedroom D.bathroom76.A.worried B.embarrassed C.delighted D.satisfied77.A.dog B.deer C.cat D.bear78.A.house B.television C.door D.fire79.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However80.A.awakened B.interrupted C.impressed D.struck81.A.figure B.person C.animal D.ghost82.A.climbed B.jumped C.inched D.rolled83.A.eagerly B.sincerely C.secretly D.nervously84.A.preference B.switch C.difference D.choice85.A.prettier B.funnier C.scarier D.stranger7、What'sthefirstthingthatcomestomindwhenyouthinkoftheword“culture”？Doyouthinkofdifferentgroupsofpeopleacrosstheworldwithvarious1andclothing?Whataboutanimals?SamWilliams,executivedirectoroftheMacaw(金刚鹦鹉）RecoveryNetworkinCostaRica,helpsto2theimpactofthedeclineofmacawpopulationsbytakingbirdsthatwereborn3andreleasingthemintothewild.Butthisprocessisvery4＂Inacage,youcan't5themtoknowwhere,whenandhowtofindthatfood,orabouttreeswithgoodnestsites,"WilliamstoldecologistandwriterCarlSafinafortheGuardian.Inthewild,theparentswouldbetheonestoteachthemthisimportant6Thistypeofknowledgeisknownasculturalknowledge.Culturalknowledgecanbe7fromtheoldergenerationtothenewerone.Formanyspecies,culturalknowledgeisnecessaryfor8Culturehelpsanimalsto9differenthabitats.Forexample,somecrows(乌鸦）havelearnedtoputnutsinthemiddleoftheroadforcarstodriveover.Andinotherareas,theyhavelearnedtodothisatintersectionssotheycan10getthefoodwhenthecarsstopatredlights.Otherimportantpartsofculturalknowledgeincludethingslikegroupidentity,usingdifferenttools,takingdifferent11routesandusingdifferentsocializingmethods.Thesetraditionscanespeciallybeseeninchimpanzeecommunities.CatHobaiter,whostudieschimpanzeesinUganda,said:"It'snotjustthe12ofpopulationsofchimpsthatworriesme.Ifind13thepossibilityoflosingeachpopulation'suniqueculture.That'spermanent.”Cultureisn'tjustfor14.Cultureisalsoanimportantpartoflifeinthewildfromusingtoolsto15.1.A.communities B.zones C.traditions D.divisions2.A.squeeze B.reduce C.wrestle D.delete3.A.encaged B.enlarged C.encouraged D.ensured4.A.tentative B.slow C.lame D.abrupt5.A.elect B.swap C.assess D.train6.A.brochure B.seminar C.framework D.information7.A.passeddown B.takenup C.followedup D.puttogether8.A.management B.survival C.currency D.cooperation9.A.caterto B.pushfor C.adaptto D.divein10.A.safely B.desperately C.surprisingly D.hopefully11.A.irrigation B.migration C.suspension D.collision12.A.loss B.dilemma C.adjustment D.prevention13.A.enterprising B.flexible C.artificial D.terrifying14.A.animals B.plants C.humans D.nails15.A.refreshing B.weeping C.negotiating D.socializing8、Helovesvisitingwiththepeopleonhisrouteandisalwayslookingforwaystohelptheneighborhoodduringhismorethan12-hourlongshifts.So,whenthe86inhisGeorgiacommunitymovedentirelyonlineinthespring,Finley,or“Mr.Adam”asthekidscallhim,couldn’thelpbutfeel87forthestudentsstuckinsideallday;somegoing88ormonthswithoutseeingtheirclassmates89.OnedayduringhisdailyrouteinStoneMountain,Finleydecidedtodosomethingtohelp90thespiritsoftheJonessisters,Eva,7,andAria,6.“Thesegirlshaven’tbeenabletogotoschoolorseetheir91allyear,”FinleytoldCNN.“Ithought,‘WhatcanIdotobringasmiletotheirfaces?Somethingdifferent,somethingtobringsomeexcitementfortheday.”Aftercheckingwiththegirls’parents,Finley92somecardsoutofhispocketandstartedthefirstofmanygamesofTic-tac-toe(井字棋).Itwasaninstant93.Everymorningforthenextfewweeks,EvaandAriawouldrunouttothe94tomaketheirstrategicmoves,leavethecardsinthemailbox,andwaitfor“Mr.Adam”tomakehis95whenhereturnedwiththeirmailthefollowingday.Finleysayshewouldletthegirlswinsohecanrewardthemwitha96.“Theyarealwayssoexcitedtowin,”Finleysaid.“I’vesurprisedthemwithgiftcardsforicecream,flavoredpopcorn,anythingtomakethem97.”Finley,whohastwogrownchildrenofhisown,sayshefeelsfortheyoungkidsnotbeingableto98thejoysofin-personschoolthisyear.“Whenit’s7:30inthemorningandthosegirlsareallexcitedwavingatthedoor,that’smy99,”hesaid.“Itwaswhatthey100everymorning,seeingwhatmovehewouldmake,”thegirls’mother,ErinJones,toldCNN.Jonessaidthatalthough2020hasbeentoughsheisgratefulforthe101ittaughtherandherfamilyabout102thesmallmomentsinlife.“Insignificantmomentsof‘normal’arenowextremelyimportant,”Jonessaid.“TheUSPS(美国邮局)mayhavehadahardyear,butthere’snodoubtintheJoneshousethattheChristmasspiritis103andwellbecauseofoneoftheirbest104,”sheadded.“Thankyou,Mr.Adam,forbringingsuch105tosuchadarkyear.”NowadaysFinleyisplayingthegamewithotherneighborhoodkids.86.A.mails B.schools C.factories D.communities87.A.sorry B.excited C.grateful D.ashamed88.A.seconds B.days C.weeks D.centuries89.A.onpurpose B.byaccident C.atonce D.inperson90.A.upset B.control C.lift D.develop91.A.classmates B.relatives C.parents D.scholars92.A.drew B.put C.hid D.persuaded93.A.game B.hit C.incident D.entertainment94.A.house B.mailbox C.vehicle D.classroom95.A.move B.decision C.suggestions D.comments96.A.book B.prize C.trip D.Tic-tac-toe97.A.calm B.proud C.smile D.sigh98.A.observe B.satisfy C.sacrifice D.experience99.A.misfortune B.disbelief C.program D.reward100.A.wasafraidof B.wasashamedof C.lookedupto D.lookedforwardto101.A.information B.lesson C.knowledge D.policy102.A.appreciating B.recording C.recalling D.confirming103.A.awkward B.annoyed C.alive D.anxious104.A.customers B.colleagues C.citizens D.employees105.A.concept B.promise C.light D.virtue参考答案考向分析考向分析说明文类完形填空题常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明，文章可以是用来说明某一种社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一种产品的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题。说明文所呈现的方式较为单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。因此，这类文章的每一段通常就是其中的一个角度或侧面，所以要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括说明。说明文类的完形填空的特征如下：1.文章多用现在时态说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用现在时态。2.语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述说明文的目的主要是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实、易于理解，内容客观真实，很少含有带感情的词汇。3.文章主题明确，层次分明说明文类完形填空往往在文章开头就点明说明对象，从而为学生们把握文章主题提供了有利条件。而且，作者借助合理的说明顺序展开文章，使文章结构清晰，层次分明。1.利用说明文首句，明确说明对象2.关注内在联系，把握说明顺序常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序（如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等）和认识顺序（如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质、由具体到抽象等）。3.逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服“思维定式”，根据全文大意和文不离句、句不离文的原则逐项选择。针对说明文独有的文体特点，解答时一定要注意从上下文意义、惯用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理、常识等角度去考虑和判断，并注意其内在联系。【题型分析】Imaginethefirstdaysinanewtimezone.Slowtorespondtothe28______,yourbodyclockisconfused.You'resleepyallday,butwhenit'stimeforbed,youcanhardlyfallasleep.Obviouslyyou're29_________jetlag(时差反应）.28.A.flightB.changeC.demandD.climate【解析】：下文的“jetlag(时差反应）”说明，在旅行时要适应时差。29.A.sufferingfromB.workingonC.lookingintoD.leadingto【解析】：上文的“hardlyfallasleep”说明人们常常不能顺利地倒时差；sufferfrom“受折磨”。【答案】：28.B29.AHowlongcanhumanbeingslive?Mostscientistswhostudyoldagethinkthatthehumanbodyis1_______tolivenolongerthan120years.However,110yearsisprobablythelongestthatanyonecouldhopetolive-ifheorsheis2_______healthyandlucky.Somescientistsevensaywecanliveaslongas130years!Yet,ourcellssimplycannotcontinuetoreproduce3_______.Theywearout,andasaresult,wegetoldand4die.1.A.designedB.selectedC.improvedD.discovered【解析】：此处表示我们人体的设计就是最长活到120岁。design“设计”。2.A.completelyB.generallyC.apparentlyD.extremely【解析】：根据上下文可知，此处表示110岁很可能是任何一个人可能会希望活的最长的时间了——如果一个人极其健康和幸运的话，extremely“极度，极其”。3.A.rapidlyB.harmlesslyC.endlesslyD.separately【解析】：这里表示人类细胞不能永无止境地自我繁殖，所以人才会变老。endlessly“无止况地，无限地”。4.A.eventuallyB.hopelesslyC.automaticallyD.desperately【解析】：getold的最终结果就是死亡，因此用eventually表示“最终”。【答案】：1.A2.D3.C4.A检测训练检测训练1、

ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March-1

sixmonthsoutoftheyear.

"Ofcourse,we2

itwhenthesunisshining,"saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown'stourismoffice."Weseetheskyis3,butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker—it'slikeona4day.”

Butthat5

whenasystemofhigh-tech6

wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents（居民）ofRjukan7

theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto8.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat

9

themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe10

andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam（束）oflightontothetown'scentral11,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight12,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.

"Peoplehavebeen13

thereandstandingthereandtaking14

ofeachother,"Rosays."Thetownsquarewastotally15.Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere."The3,500residentscannotall16

thesunshineatthesametime.17,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown's18

residents.

"It'snotvery19,”shesays,"butitisenoughwhenweare20.”1.A.onlyB.obviouslyC.nearlyD.precisely2.A.fearB.believeC.hearD.notice3.A.emptyB.blueC.highD.wide4.A.cloudyB.normalC.differentD.warm5.A.helpedB.changedC.happenedD.mattered6.A.computersB.telescopesC.mirrorsD.cameras7.A.rememberedB.forecastedC.receivedD.imagined8.A.repairB.riskC.restD.use9.A.forbidsB.directsC.predictsD.follows10.A.dayB.nightC.monthD.year11.A.libraryB.hallC.squareD.street12.A.appearedB.returnedC.fadedD.stopped13.A.drivingB.hidingC.campingD.siting14.A.picturesB.notesC.careD.hold15.A.newB.fullC.flatD.silent16.A.blockB.avoidC.enjoyD.store17.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.GraduallyD.Similarly18.A.nature-lovingB.energy-savingC.weather-beatenD.sun-starved19.A.bigB.clearC.coldD.easy20.A.tryingB.waitingC.watchingD.sharing【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）B；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；（7）C；（8）D；（9）B；（10）A；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）A；（15）B；（16）C；（17）B；（18）D；（19）A；（20）D；【解析】【分析】本文讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添一丝明亮。（1）考查副词辨析。A.

only仅仅；B.

obviously；显然地；C.

nearly几乎；D.

precisely精确的。根据前文from

late

September

to

mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故答案为C。（2）考查动词辨析。A.

fear害怕；B.

believe相信；C.

hear听见；D.

notice注意。根据后文butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker

可知，我们看到天空是蓝色，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们注意到，故答案为D。（3）考查形容词词义辨析。A.

empty空的；B.

blue蓝色的；C.

high搞得；D.

wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故答案为B。（4）考查形容词辨析。A.

cloudy多云的；B.

normal正常的；C.

different不同的；D.

warm温暖的。根据前文butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker

可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故答案为A。（5）考查动词辨析。A.

helped帮助；B.

changed改变；C.

happened发生；D.

mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故答案为B。（6）考查名词辨析。A.

computers电脑；B.

telescopes望远镜；C.

mirrors镜子；D.

cameras相机。根据后文to

reflect

sunlight

from

neighboring

peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，可知是镜子，故答案为C。（7）考查动词辨析。A.

remembered记得；B.

forecasted预报；C.

received获得，收到；D.

imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故答案为C。（8）考查名词辨析。A.

repair修理；B.

risk风险；C.

rest

休息；D.

use使用。根据前一句their

very

first

ray

of

winter

sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，put

sth

to

use把某物投入使用。故答案为D。

（9）考查动词辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A.

forbids禁止；B.

directs指导，导演；C.

predicts预测；D.

follows跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。（10）考查名词辨析。A.

day白天；B.

night夜晚；C.

month月；D.

year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出现在白天，故答案为A。（11）考查名词辨析。A.

library图书馆；B.

hall大厅；C.

square广场；D.

street街道。根据后文The

town

square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故答案为C。（12）考查动词辨析。A.

appeared出现；B.

returned归还；C.

faded褪去；D.

stopped停止。根