专题三　类型2　句组层次题【闲鱼：金考教育教辅】

完形填空专题三汇报人：句组层次题章节副标题01词语复现是指某一个词以原词，或同/近义词(如difficult与challenging)、同源词(如happy与happiness)、上下义(如vegetable与eggplant)、反义词(如wrong与right)等形式在同一语篇中重复出现的现象。词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，我们可以借助这一衔接手段解答完形填空题。解法1根据词语复现选词(2024·新课标Ⅰ)I’vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks’achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager，aneighborhoodfriendwonamarathonrace.Feelingmotivated，Istartedrunningregularly，butthentwothingshappened.First，agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewastrainingfora“super”，referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then，thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest，Ihatedit!Betweenthegirlmakingmy

45

seemsmall

andthepureboredomofjogging，IdecidedthattheonlyreasonwhyI’deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!A.advantage B.achievementC.contribution D.influence关键信息句关键复现词：与选项B为原词复现空格前后关键信息典例剖析[1]对比上下文与选项看是否有词语复现：第一段的achievements与B项achievement为原词复现。[2]“瞻前顾后”找规律：第一段句意：在我的生活中，别人的成就一直激励着我，也让我失去动力。空处前后意为：让我的

显得微不足道。根据这两处信息推断：别人的成就会激励“我”，也会让“我”感到没有动力，空处应该是别人的成绩让“我”的成就显得非常渺小，所以就没有了信心。[3]复核验证，确定答案：把achievement填到空处后，句意通顺，上下文逻辑通畅，故B项为答案。技法归纳1.同/近义词复现(2020·全国Ⅱ)Itwassigned(签名)“Bonnato”orsohethought，butwhenheresearchedit，heonlyfound“Bonnard，”aFrench

hehadneverheardof.HeboughtabookandwassurprisedtofindapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesamegardenashisfather’spainting.A.painterB.designerC.authorD.actor√即时演练由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“findapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechair”可知，此处表示一位法国画家(painter)。artist与painter是近义词。故选A。2.同源词复现

(2022·全国乙)Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each

satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesorears.A.parent B.child

C.researcher D.doctor根据上文“Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.”可知，此处表示每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B。√3.上下义复现(2021·新课标Ⅰ)Our

inthefactoryweresimple：Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.A.joys B.ideasC.roles

D.choices根据下文“Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears...fromthebelt.”可知，这里介绍的是作者他们在工厂的具体工作或职责。role除了表示“角色”外，还可以表示“职责，作用”，故选C。√在做完形填空题时，考生一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和情感色彩的重要词汇。作者在选择使用特定的褒义词或贬义词时就表达了自己的感情和意愿。考生做题时要抓住这个线索，根据态度一致原则，进行合理推测，从而快速确定某些题目的正确答案。解法2根据作者情感态度选词(2024·全国甲)Mychildhoodisquitehappycomparedwithhers.Iam56thatIdidnotneedtogothroughthehardshipslikeshedid.A.grateful B.surprisedC.convinced D.regretful分析根据上文“Mychildhoodis...hers.”可知，与她(此处指作者的祖母)的童年相比，作者的童年是相当幸福的。由此可推知，作者很感激(grateful)自己不需要经历像祖母经历过的那样的困难。故选A。典例剖析1.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Hewasso

andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.A.thankful B.generous

C.proud D.sympatheticthankful感激的；generous慷慨的；proud骄傲的；sympathetic同情的。根据下文“andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures”和“Ihadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。√即时演练2.(2021·全国乙)Simplysayingthankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasanursejustafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferentgradesofgratitude(感谢)....Shewas

foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.A.grateful B.thoughtful

C.sorrowful

D.fearful依据上文中的“gratitude(感谢)”可知，此处是她感激医护人员为她做的一切。故选A。√3.(2021·新课标Ⅰ)Dad

.Thesonofagrocer，he’dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBernardsville，NewJersey.Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework，hetoldme.A.cried B.smiledC.hesitated D.refused根据下文说到的作者的父亲童年时期的“打工”经历可知，作者的父亲是理解作者当下的感受的，所以他会心一笑(smile)。因此选B。√完形填空的每一道题都有依据，考生须在上下文中寻找依据。有时候问题的答案只需要考虑设空处所在句或该句的上文或下文，但有时需综合考虑上下文。总结成口诀：每道题必有据，上下求索找信息。解法3根据语境暗示选词(2024·新课标Ⅱ)AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome，Idiscoveredhow

46Italiansare.Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoortoremindmetoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.A.open-minded B.strong-willedC.warm-hearted D.well-informed典例剖析关键信息1关键信息2[2]上下求索，找出关键信息：根据下文关键信息1：邻居们会给“我”送来新鲜的奶酪和关键信息2：下雨的时候会来“我”家门口提醒我关上车窗，可推知作者发现意大利人都很热心。[3]对比选项，得出答案：对比四个选项，可知C项“warm-hearted”(热心的)符合句意，故选C。[1]定位设空句技法归纳1.上文信息(2024·浙江1月)Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina，Ihadthekindofhumbling，educational，andaboveallelse，wonderfulencounterwithalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChinesemanapproachedmeonthetrain.My

friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish，soIhappilytookthechancetopracticemyChinese.A.true B.so-calledC.new D.long-lost√即时演练true真的；so-called所谓的；new新的；long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“Ihadthekindofhumbling，educational，andaboveallelse，wonderfulencounterwithalocalthatalltravelerslongfor”可知，两人是新认识的，所以