新课改2024高考英语一轮复习Unit4Wildlifeprotection学案含解析新人教版必修2

PAGEPAGE1Unit4Wildlifeprotection(一)课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意1．wildlifen． 野生动植物2．habitatn. 栖息地；(动植物的)自然环境3．threatenvt.&vi. 恐吓；威逼4．endangervt. 危害；使受到危急5．zonen. 地域；地带；地区6．speciesn. 种类；物种7．rubvt. 擦；摩擦8．insectn. 昆虫9．extinctionn. 灭亡；消亡Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形1．wildadj. 野生的；野的；未开发的；荒芜的2．decreasevi.&vt. 削减；(使)变小；或变少3．lossn. 损失；遗失；丢失4．huntvt.&vi. 打猎；猎取；搜寻5．laughtern. 笑；笑声6．certainadj. 确定的；某一；肯定7．importancen. 重要(性)8．containvt. 包含；容纳；容忍9．powerfuladj.[纵联1] 强大的；有力的10．affectvt. 影响；感动；侵袭11．attentionn. 留意；关注；留意力12．incomen. 收入13．inspectvt. 检查；视察14．incidentn．[纵联2] 事务；事变15．disappearancen. 消逝16．fierceadj. 猛烈的；猛烈的17._endingn．[纵联3] 结局；结尾18．reserven. 爱护区Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变1．appreciatevt.鉴赏；感谢；意识到→appreciationn．感谢；感谢2．secureadj.平安的；牢靠的→securityn．平安3．respondvi.回答；响应；做出反应→responsen．回答；反应；响应4．distantadj.远的；远处的；疏远的→distancen．距离；远方；疏远5．reliefn．(苦痛或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻苦痛的事物→relievevt.使减轻；缓解6．succeedvi.胜利vt.接替；继任→successn．胜利→successfuladj.胜利的→successfullyadv.胜利地7．employvt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employern．雇主→employeen．雇员；雇工→employmentn．雇用；就业；职业；工作[纵联4]8．harmn．&vt.损害；危害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的9．protectionn．爱护→protectvt.爱护；防卫10．mercyn．慈爱；宽恕；怜悯→mercifuladj.慈爱的；怜悯的纵联1.后缀­ful家族真强大①powerful强大的；有力的 ②harmful有害的③doubtful怀疑的；怀疑的 ④faithful守信的⑤forgetful健忘的 ⑥helpful有帮助的⑦hopeful充溢希望的 ⑧skillful娴熟的⑨successful胜利的 ⑩wonderful精彩的纵联2.“事事”相连①incidentn. 事务；事变theJuly7thIncident 七七事变②accidentn. 事故trafficaccident 交通事故③eventn. 重大事务；竞赛项目sportsevent 体育赛事纵联3.“派生名词(v.＋­ing)”集锦①ending结局；结尾 ②training训练；培育③feeling感觉；感情 ④painting绘画；油画⑤meeting会议 ⑥beginning起先；开端纵联4.“雇用”家族①hirev．&n. ②takeon③onhire ④employv．→employmentn.⑤engagev．→engagementn.单元话题——动植物爱护子话题1植物①rootn．根；根茎 ②bamboon．竹子③branchn．树枝；分枝 ④bushn．灌木丛⑤fibre(美fiber)n．纤维 ⑥maplen．枫树⑦pinen．松树 ⑧botanicaladj.植物学的子话题2动物①insectn．昆虫 ②beastn．野兽；牲畜③butterflyn．蝴蝶 ④tortoisen.乌龟⑤giraffen．长颈鹿 ⑥goose(复geese)n．鹅⑦kangaroon．袋鼠 ⑧squirreln．松鼠⑨creaturen．生物；动物 ⑩leopardn．豹子话题3生物爱护①evolutionn. 进化；演化②ecologyn. 生态；生态学③primitiveadj. 原始的；远古的④breakthroughn. 重大进展；突破⑤clonen. 克隆(无性繁殖出来的个体)⑥endangeredadj. 面临灭亡的⑦naturalreserve 自然爱护区⑧protectwildlife 爱护野生生物[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)Duringthefirstweekofhisstay,hewentoutonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecamebackinthelateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewasgone.Hewasextremelyworriedasthesuitcasehadallhisimportant❶papers,includinghispassport.Hereportedthecasetothepoliceandthensatthere，lostandlonelyinastrangecity,thinkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganisedagainfromadistant❷countrywhiletryingtosettledowninanewone.①写出加黑词在本单元中的同根名词：importance_②选择distant在句中的含义：__B__A．疏远的B．遥远的C．远亲的2．(2013·天津高考阅读B)Thereisyetapopulationbesidesprofessionalandamateurstarobserversthatsuffersevenmorefromlightpollution.Thispopulationconsistsofbirds,bats,frogs,snakes,etc.Forexample,outdoorlightingseverelyaffects❶migrating(迁徙的)birds.AccordingtotheInternationalDark­SkyAssociation,“100millionbirdsayearthroughoutNorthAmericadieincrasheswithlightedbuildingsandtowers.”Countlessmoreanimalcasualties(伤亡)resultfromtheuseofartificiallighting.Clearly,peopleenjoythebenefitsoflightingtheirevenings,butsomescientiststhinkitcanbeharmful❷forhumans,too.Theyworrythatexposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincrease❸aperson’schancesofgettingcancer.①写出加彩词在句中的含义：影响②写出harmful在本单元中的同根名词：_harm_③写出increase在本单元中的反义词：_decrease_高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(依据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1．(2024·天津高考书面表达)我们最为观赏的是你们有剧烈的团队精神，使我们高效地完成了任务。(appreciate)What_we_appreciated_most_was_that_you_had_a_strong_teamwork_spirit,_which_allowed_us_to_complete_our_tasks_very_efficiently.2.(2014·福建高考书面表达)只要我们热忱地追求我们的幻想，我们最终肯定会胜利。(succeed)As_long_as_we_have_the_enthusiasm_to_follow_our_dream,_we_are_sure_to_succeed_eventually.(二)课堂重点释疑1．containvt.包含；容纳；容忍；克制(剧烈的感情等)[记牢]containoneself 克制自己；自制containern. 容器[练通]单句语法填空①Thestadiumislargeenoughto_contain(contain)100thousandaudience.②Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontained(contain)inadvertisements.③Hewassoexcitedthathecouldhardlycontainhimself(he)．[辨清]contain,includecontain通常用来指某容器中盛有某物、装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或includingsth.对比填空(contain/include)④Thecontainercontainsmanykindsoffruits,includingapineapple/apineappleincluded.[写美]补全句子⑤(2024·11月浙江高考写作)饭后，每个人都会收到一个祥瑞饰物和一个装着幸运钱的红包，并相互说一些幸运的话语。Afterthemeal,aluckycharmandaredpocketwhichcontainsluckymoneywillbegiventoeveryoneandsomeluckywordsaresaidtoeachother.2．affectvt.影响；感动；侵袭[记牢](1)beaffectedby 受……的影响；被……感动beaffectedwith 感染……疾病(2)effectn. 作用；影响haveaneffect/influenceon 对……产生影响[练通]单句语法填空①Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthosewhoseliveswere_affected(affect)．②Affectedwithahighfever,hecontinuedwithhiswork.③Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfriendsthathaveaneffectonyoumostdeeply.[写美]补全句子④(2015·江苏高考书面表达)交通问题不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而且也可能威逼到人们的生命。The_traffic_issue_not_only_affects_our_everyday_life,_butmayalsothreatenpeople’slives.3.appreciatevt.鉴赏；感谢；意识到；观赏；重视[记牢](1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.­ing 重视/感谢……Iwouldappreciateitif... 假如……我将不胜感谢(2)appreciationn. 观赏；感谢[练通]单句语法填空①I’dappreciateyourwriting(write)mebackassoonaspossible.②HereIsincerelyexpressmyappreciation(appreciate)forhelpingmefindthelostsuitcase.[用准]appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动名词作宾语。当appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,depend/relyon等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。[写美]补全句子③(2015·陕西高考书面表达)我曾帮助她胜利地举办了几次班级英语活动，这得到了老师和同学们的赞许。Successfully,IhavelentahelpinghandtoherinseveralEnglishactivitiesofmyclass,which_has_been_appreciated_by_both_teachers_and_my_classmates.4．succeedvi.胜利vt.接替；继任[记牢](1)succeedindoingsth. 胜利地做某事succeedsb.as 接替某人成为……(2)successfuladj. 胜利的besuccessfulindoingsth. 胜利地做某事(3)successn． [U]胜利；成就[C]胜利的人或事[练通]单句语法填空①JohnsucceededTomaschairmanoftheStudents'Union.②Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuading(persuade)himtochangehismind.③Success(succeed)consistsintheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.④Finally,Iwishthisyear'sEnglishspeechcompetitionagreatsuccess.[写美]补全句子⑤(2024·6月浙江高考书面表达)这句名言告知我们，假如我们想取得胜利，不仅要周密安排，还要彻底实施。The_saying_tells_us_that_if_we_want_to_succeed,_weshouldnotonlyplancarefullybutalsoactitoutthoroughly.5．employvt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)[记牢](1)employsb.as... 雇用某人任……(职位)employsb.todosth. 雇用某人做某事eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(employoneselfin(doing)sth.,beemployedin(doing)sth.)) 忙于(做)某事；从事于某事(2)employern. 雇主employeen. 雇员；雇工；受雇者employmentn. 雇用；运用；工作；职业[练通]单句语法填空①Itisagainstthelawtoemploychildrenundersixteen_to_work(work)foranyfirmorfactory.②Forthepastthreeyearshehasbeenemployedasafirefighter.③Chineselawprohibitstheemployment(employ)ofchildrenunder14.一句多译她忙着给花浇水，因此没有留意到发生的一切。④Shewas_employed/employed_herself_in_watering_the_flowers,_soshedidnotnoticewhatwashappening.⑤Employed_in_watering_the_flowers,_shedidnotnoticewhatwashappening.(过去分词短语作状语)⑥Employing_herself_in_watering_the_flowers,_shedidnotnoticewhatwashappening.(现在分词短语作状语)[写美]升级加彩词汇⑦(2024·天津高考书面表达)Iambusywithmylessonsnow,fortheCollegeEntranceExamination,whichisveryimportanttome,isnear.am_employed_in[词汇过关综合训练]Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Thebossinthatcompanyisunwillingtoemploy(雇用)femaleworkers.2．Duetothestricttrafficregulationsondrunkdriving,thenumberofaccidentsfromithasgreatlydecreased(削减)．3．(2024·天津高考)FromtheexperienceIlearnedalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercanaffect(影响)themembersofateam.4．Thisincident(事务)reallyletmeknowthatIhavealongwaytogo.5．Whenheopenedtheschoolbag,hefoundthatitcontained(包含)twobooks,apenandaneraser.6．Thebuildingisregularlyinspected(检查)bythefire­safetyofficer.7．Success(胜利)comestothosewhonevergiveup.8．Thedocumentisveryimportantanditshouldbekeptinasecure(平安的)place.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．WhenIheardthesoundofthemotorboatfadeawayinthedistance(distant),Ifeltheartbroken.2．Wemustleteveryoneknowtheimportance(important)ofwildlifeprotection.3．YesterdayIwascaughtinastorm.Atfirst,Icouldfeelmyheartbeatingfiercely(fierce).Butafterawhile,Icalmeddown.4．Heappreciatedbeing_given(give)achancetomakeapresentationintheannualseminaronComparativeLiterature.5．Mr.Leedecidedtofightfortheprotection(protect)oftheenvironment.6．Toourrelief(relieve),themissingboyreturned,safeandsound.7．Itisarulethatourluggageshould_be_inspected(inspect)bycustomsofficers.8.Judgingbytheresponseoftheaudience,theperformancewasquiteeq\a\vs4\al(a)success.Ⅲ.一句多译1．听众被深深地打动了，掌声经久不息。(affect)①Theaudiencewas_deeply_affected,_andtheywarmlyapplaudedforalongtime.②Deeply_affected,_theaudiencewarmlyapplaudedforalongtime.(分词作状语)③Theaudience,who_was_deeply_affected,_warmlyapplaudedforalongtime.(定语从句)2．众所周知，观看暴力电视节目真的对孩子有害。①Asweknow,watchingviolenceonTVreally_harms_children.(harmvt.)②Asweknow,watchingviolenceonTVreallydoesharmtochildren/doeschildrenharm.(harmn．)③Asweknow,watchingviolenceonTVis_really_harmful_to_children.(harmful)Ⅳ.语境辨义依据语境选出动词employ的词义A忙于B运用；运用C雇用1．IfIamluckyenoughtobeemployed,Iwillsparenoefforttorepayyouforyourtrust.__C__2．Employedinwritinganovel,sheevendoesn'thavetimetolookafterherson.__A__3．Thereportexaminesteachingmethodsemployedintheclassroom.__B__(一)课前自主学习1._die_out[串记1] 灭亡；渐渐消逝2．in_peace 和平地；和谐地；安详地3．in_danger_(of) 在危急中；垂危4．in_relief 如释重负；松了口气5．burst_into_laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来6．protect_..._from 爱护……不受……(危害)7．pay_attention_to[串记2] 留意8．come_into_being[串记3] 形成；产生9．according_to 依据；依据……所说10．so_that 以至于；结果；为了11．without_mercy 毫不怜悯地12．do_harm_to 对……有害[同根短语串记]串记1.时“隐”时“现”①dieout灭亡；渐渐消逝 ②disappearvi.消逝；失踪③appearvi.出现 ④showup出现⑤turnup出现；发生串记2.pay短语串联①payattentionto留意 ②payback偿还；报复③payavisitto参观；访问 ④payfor支付⑤payoff还清(债务等)；付清串记3.“comeinto＋n.”短语一览①comeintobeing 形成；产生②comeintoeffect/force 起先生效；起先实行③comeintoexistence 形成；产生；起先存在④comeintopower 起先执政⑤comeintouse 起先运用1．longtodosth. 渴望做某事2．turnaround 转身；环顾；翻身3．acertainnumberof 肯定(数)量的4．almostatonce 几乎一转瞬5．anunexpected_incident 一次意外事故6．forsure 无疑地；确定地7._insuchashorttime 在这么短的时间里8．inthelast500years 在过去的500年里9．anendangeredspecies 面临灭亡的物种1．Itshowstheimportanceofwildlifeprotection,butI’dliketohelpas_the_WWF_suggests.这体现了野生动植物爱护的重要性，不过，我还是想依据世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。2．Afterawhileshesawsomezebrawith_black_and_white_lines_goingbeneaththeirstomachs.过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有从上始终延长到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。3．Theylearnedthisfromthe_waytheboneswerejoinedtogether.他们是依据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。4．ThisistheonlyhomeoftheredColobusmonkeybutthere_are_very_few_left.这里是红髯猴唯一的家园，但是现在所剩无几了。[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)阅读中的短语(补全句子)1．(2015·四川高考阅读D)Theircheerysongbrightensmanyawinter’sday.Butrobinsarein_danger_of(在……危急中)wearingthemselvesoutbysingingtoomuch.2．(2014·广东高考完形填空)According_to(依据)arecentresearch,themostcommonargumentbetweenparentsandteenagersisthatregardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)1．(2015·四川高考书面表达)至于说一般话，最好多留意发音。AsforspeakingMandarin,it’sbetterto_pay_much_attention_to_pronunciation.2．(2014·湖南高考写作)众所周知，鞋子在生活中发挥着重要作用，因为它能爱护我们的脚不受损害。(protect...from)Asisknowntousall,shoesplayanimportantroleinourlife,foritcan_protect_our_feet_from_being_hurt.3．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)假如你依据我告知你的去做，我信任你会玩得很开心。(as)If_you_do_as_I_tell_you,_Iamsureyouwillhaveagreattime.4．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我们学校的报纸上有一个栏目叫“外国文化”。(therebe...)Inthenewspaperofourschoolthere_is_a_column_called“ForeignCultures”.(二)课堂重点释疑[短语集释]1．protect...from爱护……不受……(危害)[记牢](1)protect...against爱护……以免……(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(keep...fromdoing,stop...(from)doing,prevent...(from)doing))阻挡……做……[练通]单句语法填空①Troopshavebeensenttoprotectaidworkersagainstattack.②Weshoulddevoteourselvestoprotectingtheseanimalsfrombeing_killed(kill)．一句多译必需实行有效措施爱护环境免受污染。③Effectivemeasuresmustbetakentoprotecttheenvironmentfrom/againstpollution.(protect)④Effectivemeasuresmustbetakentoprevent/keep/stoptheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.(prevent/keep/stop)[用准]以上短语在被动语态中from均不行省去，而在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略。[写美]补全句子⑤为了爱护中国长江江豚(thefinlessporpoise)免于灭亡，我们真诚希望你们能实行一些措施。In_order_to_protect_the_finless_porpoises_from_extinction,_wesincerelyhopeyoucanhelptakesomemeasures.2．payattentionto留意；留意[记牢]draw/attract/catchone’sattention 引起某人的留意turnone’sattentionto... 把留意力转移到……fix/focus/concentrateone’sattentionon... 把留意力集中在……[练通]单句语法填空①Inordertoprotectthebalanceofnature,theprofessorsuggestedthatwe(should)payattentiontoimproving(improve)people’senvironmentalawareness.②Hestoodthere,hisattentionfixed(fix)onthenoticeonthewall.[写美]补全句子③我们要主动参与各种体育运动并留意心理健康，它与身体健康同等重要。We_need_to_be_active_in_all_kinds_of_sports_and_pay_attention_to_mental_health,_whichisequaltophysicalhealth.[句式集释]主句＋theway＋定语从句[教材原句]Theylearnedthisfromthe_waytheboneswerejoinedtogether.[悟拓展例句](1)Ithinkyouhurthispridebylaughingatthe_way_(that/in_which)hespeaksEnglish.我觉得你讪笑他说英语的方式损害了他的自尊心。(2)The_way_that/whichcameupatthemeetingwasunpractical.在会议上提出的方法不切实际。(3)Isthisthewayyoucanimagineto_reduce/of_reducing_air_pollution?这是你能想到的削减空气污染的方法吗？[析用法规则](1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接inwhich或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词inwhich或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。(2)way后接定语从句时，假如关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不行省略。(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或ofdoingsth.形式。[背写作佳句](1)Yetinmodernsocietysomebodyhastodoordinaryjobssuchascleaningstreetsbecausethisisthewaysocietyisorganized.(要点句)(2)Schoolactivitiesareusuallyconsideredagoodwaytomakenewfriendsanddevelopnewinterests.(要点句)[词块、句式过关综合训练]Ⅰ.选词填空dieout，indangerof，comeintobeing，inpeace，accordingto，protect...from，burstintolaughter，payattentionto1．Shewasbadlywoundedandin_danger_of_losingherlifeatanytime.2．Moreandmoreanimalshavebeenhunted,someofwhicharedying_out.3．I’mcurioustoknowwhenthedanceclubfirstcame_into_being.4._According_towhathesaid,hedidn’tgetwhathehadwanted.5．Peopleofdifferentreligionshavelivedtogether_in_peaceforcenturiesinthiscountry.6．Heiswearingsunglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight.7．Weshouldpay_attention_tothepronunciationofthewordswhenlearningEnglish.8．Thewholeclass_burst_into_laughterwhentheyheardthejoke.Ⅱ.依据提示补全句子1．诚恳地说，我们敬佩他解决那个问题的方法。(theway)Tobehonest,weadmiredthe_way_(in_which/that)_he_solved_the_problem.2．很多运动员参与奥运会为的就是能为祖国赢得荣誉。(sothat)ManyathletestakepartintheOlympicGamessothattheycanwingloryfortheirhomeland.3．我们最好不要动这些东西，直到警察到来。(as)We’dbetterleave_things_as_they_areuntilthepolicearrive.4．快点，我们赶上最终一班车的时间不多了。(therebe...left...)Hurryup,there_is_little_time_left_for_ustocatchupwiththelastbus.Ⅲ.应用文分步写作假定你是李华，你的英国挚友Leslie准备到中国成都大熊猫繁育探讨基地(ChengduResearchBaseofGiantPandaBreeding)参观，请你写封邮件，给他一些建议。内容包括：1．出行方式；2．出游季节；3．其他留意事项。留意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯。第一步：精确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点1．审题：①文体：建议信②人称：主要是其次人称③时态：主要是一般现在时2．拟点：通过审题，由题目和写作要求可以从以下三个方面来写作。①开头：陈述得知消息后的个人心情。②主体：提出建议，出行方式(乘飞机和高铁)；出游季节(在秋天参观)；其他留意事项(记住穿步行鞋)。③结尾：表达希望。要点1：我很兴奋得知你准备到中国成都大熊猫繁育探讨基地参观。(morethan)I'm_more_than_glad_to_know_you_will_pay_a_visit_to_Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding_in_China.要点2－①：对你来说乘飞机和高铁旅行都很便利。It_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_high­speed_train.要点2－②：在秋天参观也是一个好办法。It_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn.要点2－③：肯定要记住穿步行鞋。Do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes.要点3：希望你在中国玩得开心。Hope_you_will_have_a_good_time_in_China.其次步：添加细微环节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼为使内容更充溢，我们可以通过添加定语或状语对要点进行适度拓展。例如：要点2－②可以添加when引导的定语从句来说明这时候参观的好处。拓展要点2－②：在秋天参观也是一个好办法，这个时候你或许有机会看到新生的熊猫宝宝。(when引导定语从句)It_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn,_when_you_may_have_a_chance_to_watch_newly­born_baby_pandas.第三步：连句成文，排语句依次，重连接过渡本写作可采纳三段式作文，第一段可用“Thefollowingaremysuggestions.”作为过渡句承接上文，引出下段；其次段可增加first，second，atlast连接词，作好连接过渡；第三段可用表达希望作为结尾。Dear_Leslie，I'm_more_than_glad_to_know_you_will_pay_a_visit_to_Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding_in_China.The_following_are_my_suggestions.First,_it_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_high­speed_train.Second,_it_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn,_when_you_may_have_a_chance_to_watch_newly­born_baby_pandas._At_last,_do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes.Hope_you_will_have_a_good_time_in_China.Yours_sincerely，Li_Hua理清文体结构之(九)记叙文之说理——“起伏跌宕”话真理记叙文中的说理是指文章在叙述描写的基础上，辅以恰当的争论，以表明作者的看法、观点、思想和目的。在结构上，可采纳“以叙为主，兼顾争论”，“先叙后议”或“夹叙夹议”的写作模式。阅读此类记叙文时应关注文中“起伏跌宕”的故事情节，这是文中说理的依据和来源。[高考典例]2024·天津卷·B篇[在“起伏跌宕”中悟真理][1]Fifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.Afterclimbingupahillforapanoramic(全景的)viewofthebluesea,whitebuildingsandgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.[2]Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.[3]PatientasIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunandreviewingtheshotIwouldeventuallytake,Igrewfrustrated.WasittoomuchtoaskhertomovesoIcouldtakejustonepictureofthelandscape?Sure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.Ididn’twanttomesswiththat.[4]Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecidedtotakethephotoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecauset