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裕兴新概念英语第3册笔记(全)

Lesson-1

cat-like像猫一样的mother-like

childlike(lovely)(褒)childish(immature)形容成年人不成熟(贬)

atlarge逍遥自在Eg:Thedesperatecriminalisstillat逃跑(从危险中

成功逃脱)

fleeaway跑开(runawayfromdanger)

scatteraway四处逃窜(indifferentdirections)

evadetax逃税(逃避应该承担的责任)

desert擅离(职守、工作岗位、现役等);(士兵)逃亡,从…开小差

desertone'sarmy

outclass逃课

spotn.点,斑点Eg:Thereisawhitespotonthebeautyspot美人

痣solarspot太阳黑子

spotlight聚光灯beinthespotlight万众瞩目

Eg:TomCruseisinthespotlightinAmericanfilmindustry,(toachievealotof

attention)

onthespot(非正式用法)1.立亥马上(atonce,immediately)2.attheplaceof

theaction在现场

Eg:Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.Whereversheis

needed,sheisquicklyonthespot.

Aleopardwillnotchangeitsspot.江山易改,本性难移

v.toseeorfindsthwithdifficulty不易察觉

observe(toseeandnoticesth)(正式)观察,观测

discover(tofindsthalreadyinexistence)

recognize(tofigureoutsth/sbknownalready)

detect(todisclosesomethinghiddenorindisguise)探测

explore(toexaminesththoroughlyinordertotestorfindoutaboutit)

evidencen.证据二proofEg:Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalready

destroiedtheevidence显而易见的Eg:Hewasinevidenceattheparty.

他在晚会上很突出。(adj.evidentadv.evidently)

(witness证人judge法陪审团courtoflaw法庭)

self-evidenta.不言自明的《TheDeclarationofIndependence^独

立宣言

obligev.使...感到必须(bemadetodosthbylawormorality)(ofteninpassive

voice)

feelobligedtodosth.感觉有必要做某事beobligedtodosth.被迫做某事

Eg:Menfeelobligedtotaketheresponsibilityforfamily.

compel(tomakepeoplehaveaparticularfeelingorattitude)9-yeafs

compulsoryeducation

drive(tomakesomeonefeelordosthbadorunpleasant)

drivesb.nuts使某人发疯Eg:Theterriblemusicdrovemenuts.

huntv.打猎,狩猎huntfor/gohuntingfor搜寻,寻找huntfor

ajobhuntfbralove

jobhunter四处寻找工作的人headhunter猎头bargainhunter四处

买便宜货的人

humanbeing(s)人类(区别于神和动物)

mankind人类Eg:inthelonghistoryofthemankind

humanrace(allpeople,consideredtogetherasasinglegroup)

be存在Eg:《Hamlet》...whenhehesitatedtokillhistobeornot

tobe生存还是毁灭

being1)-creaturegodbeinganimalbeing2)-existence

comingintobeing形成,成立

Eg:ThePeople'sRepublicofChinacameintobeingin1949.

forthetimebeing眼下,目前

Eg:Forthetimebeing,thecheetahsarehardup.眼下猎豹的手头有点紧(Lion

king)hardup手头紧

cornern.at/onthecorner在角落里(如介词用in表示在空间的内部)

aroundthecorner即将到来,即将发生(iscoming)Eg:TheNewYearis

aroundthecomers走捷径,抄近路

v.被逼到墙角里

Eg:Thepumawon*tattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Acorneredbeast

willdosometingdesperate.狗急跳墙

trail痕迹atrailofatrailofmud一串泥迹atrailofblood

Eg:Whereverhewent,theplayboyleftbehindhimatrailofbrokenhearts,(the

playboy应出现在主句中)

printn.印痕,痕迹footprint足迹pawprint爪痕fingerprint指

accumulatev.积累,积聚(强调积累的过程)

Eg:Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.

gathervt.聚集,把某人召集在某处collect收集,采集assemble

集合,集会;vt.装配

hoardvt.大量的贮存hoardup=storeupEg:Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsfor

thecold积聚二cometogether(主要用于诗歌和文学作品中)

pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.本句中的befound

(therebe)应理解为产于、分布的意思,不应理解为被动语态。Eg:Pandas

arelarge,bear-likeanimalswhicharefoundinChina.

WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-five

milessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.本句中that后的内容作为

reports的同位语从句,只是因为维持句子的平衡美感(避免头重脚轻)才放到了后

面。

同位语从句简单记忆:

同位语从句与中心词是等同和等值的关系,而不是修饰与被修饰的关系。这一点

与定语从句截然不同,定语从句与其先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。定语从句的

引导词that/which在句中作成分(主语或宾语),而同位语从句的引导词that为

连接词,只起连接主句与从句之作用,不做任何成分。

Eg:IwasshockedwhenIheardthenewsthathisfatherdiedyesterday.(Thenewsis

thathisfatherdiedyesterday.)

能连接同位语从句的名词:

belieffactideadoubtrumorevidenceconclusioninformationsuggestion

problemorderdiscoveropinion

WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-five

milessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.句中的they指代reports,人

称或指示代词的替代含义要回到句子的切近部分寻找它的中心含义。

takesthseriously认真对待takesthslightly不把…放在心上

Eg:Everyoneoughttotakelifeseriously.Educationissoimportantthatwe

shouldtakeitWhennewscameintotheNationalMuseumthatanancienttomb

hasbeenspotted100kilometerssouthofX丁an,itwastakenseriously.

However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,...句中的However是语篇标识

词。

语篇标识词:(即显示语篇发展的词语)引出作者真正意图,表明事实真相,往

往前后形成鲜明,相反的对比。

...,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthe(for说明

原因)

英语一般说来,总是把最需要表达的东西放在一个句子的最前边,汉语总是先因

->后果;而for并不引导一个强因果关系,因此是处于从属地位而不置于句首。

As不强调原因的重要性

Since既然,弱因果关系

Because强的直接的原因

claimedtohavedone动词不定式的完成式:体现它所表示的动作发生在谓语

动作之前。

Eg:Tillnow,noorganizationclaimedtohavebeenresponsibleforthisbombing.

besimilartosb.(havealotincommon)

Eg:Thebrothersaresimilartoeachotherincharacter.

beararesemblanceto(宛如),酷似

resemble(宛如),酷似—father父亲

look/belike像一father爸爸

takeafter随—father爹

含义取决于说话人的文化和受教育程度

pickblackberries采黑莓pickmushrooms采蘑菇picknose挖鼻ears挖耳

朵pickteeth剔牙

prove(tobe)difficult

beataroundthebush拐弯抹角,旁敲侧击

onafishingtriptoonthehoney-moontriptoParisonwayto

onbusinessto

unless=ifnot

Eg:pumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiswillnotattackahumanbeing

ifitisnotcornered.

...,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehow

managedtohavebeen/donesth作者主观的肯定判断,是事实总结、归纳的

标志。

inthepossessionof为…所有(主语为物)inpossessionof(主

语是人)

intheauthorityof由...管辖Eg:HongKongisintheauthorityofthecareof

由…照看

inthechargeof由…负责

wild—tame野生一驯服

wildcat不是指野猫,而是指大型猫科动物,野猫(流浪猫)-straycat

domesticanimals家养动物domesticviolence家庭暴力

domesticmarket国内市场

Idioms:

Onlywhenyouexperiencethepainofpain,canyouenjoythehappinessofhappiness.

吃得苦中苦,方为人上人

Gowithwhatyouare.勇往直前

ondoingsomething一.・•就•・・

Theshelfonwhichyouputthosebookshascollapsed.—>Theshelfyouputthose

booksonhaswhomdidyoureceivealetter?—>Whomdidyoureceivealetter

from?(本句中whom不能省略)

定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略;

但省略时,介词不能前置到关系代词Whom,Which前,只能用于非固定的动词

短语后面。

非固定动词短语:Eg:livein居住,介词可前置固定动词短

语:Eg:lookfor寻找,介词不能前置

Lesson-2

单词:

equalv./adj.与...相等

adj.beequaltoEg:Wealthisnotequaltohappiness.

EEOC:EqualEmploymentOpportunitiesCommission

vt.及物动词(作动词时equal后面不能接to)

vicar小牧师(oftheChurchofEngland)

rector小牧师(oftheCatholicChurch)

priest神父

curate副牧师curate'segg有好有坏Eg:Thebookissomethingofa

curated主教(国际象棋里指象)

archbishop红衣大主教

Pope(RomanCatholic)罗马教皇

Eg:Doyouthinkthey'llwin?IsthePopeCatholic?(sure)

clergymann.神职人员

raisevt.raisekids养育孩money筹集钱财raisetheroof怒发冲冠

risevi.TheSunAlsoRises(writtenbyErnestHemingway)AFarewellto

ArmsAFarewelltoConcubine

torchn.手电筒carryatorchforsb.暗恋Whynotcarryon?

课文:

bealwaysdoningsth(notsatisfied)一直不停做某事

Eg:Heisalwaysfindingfaultswithme.他总是不断地挑我的小毛病

Thingsarealwayskeepingcomingupatthelastminute.

beforeverdoing(不像bealwaysdoningsth.含有贬义)不厌其烦

Eg:Peterisforevertalkingabouthisgirlfriend.

causen.

1.原因,缘故causeandeffect

2.(支持的)事业,事项sthyousupportEg:It'sforagoodcause.做

善事

foronecauseoranother/foronethingoranother

Eg:Hecan*tcomeforonethingoranother.由于种种原因,总之他不能来了

havesth.done(被动)叫…做

havesbdo让某人做某事

havesth.todo有…要做Eg:Ihaveanotherfishtofry.(Ihavetogo.)

takeaFrenchleave不辞而别

enougha.足够的Eg:Ihaveenoughofit!我受够了!(Ihateitsomuch!)Pve

hadituptoherewithhim!忍无可忍

cannotdosth.enoughcanneverdosth.enough

Eg:Icannotthankyouenough.感激不尽

usedtodo过去常做现在不做了

be/getusedtodoing习惯于...

beusedtodo(被动)被用做…

strikev.strikehours敲钟、打点、报时strikematches划火柴strikesb.

打某人

Eg:Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁

strikesb.asodd让某人觉得奇怪Eg:Hisdeathstrikesusasodd.他的死让

人觉得蹊跷

bestruckbyherbeauty被她的美貌打动了

dayandnight日日夜夜upanddown上上下下backandforth前前后

后blankandwhite黑与白

知识点:反义词词组表示对照,通过相反的概念而强调整体。

eversince引起完成时

wakeupwithastart惊醒

startled(suddenlyorslightlysurprised)

surprised(generalsaying)

astounded/astonished(verysurprised)

amazed(extremelysurprised)惊叹Eg:You*reamazing.你实在是太不可思

议了

stunned(程度最深)极度震惊

beforeyouknowit(spoken:sth.willhappensoon)

Eg:We*dbettersetofforitwillbedarkbeforeyouknowit.我们最好马上出发,天

说话就黑了。

Whatrsgoingon?出什么事了What'sup?

Whatgives?有什么事吗Nothingmuch.没什么

inthetorchlight借着手电筒的光inthemoonlight借着月光Excuseme.

借光,劳驾MayIuseyourbathroom?

catchsightof一下子看到、瞥见

insingtEg:Thevictoryisinsight.胜利在望

fallinloveatthefirstsight/Hititrightoff一见钟情

Whatonearthareyoudoinguphere?/Whatthehellareyoudoinguphere?你究

竟在这里做什么

Whateveritis?管他呢

andwhatever等等Eg:Wehadaparty,drink,danceandafternight夜夜

(重复修饰,加强效果)

dayafterday/dayindayout日复一日

yearafteryear/yearinyearout年复一年

'Youcertainlydidgivemeasurprise!1saidthevicar.(句中助动词did为了加强语气)

Youcertainlygladthebellisworkingagain.still不过.・•还是

allthesame/justthesameEg:Thankyouallthesame.不过还是要谢谢你

nothingIcandoaboutit无能为力

nothingcanhelp帮不上忙

asgoodas和...一样Eg:Heisasgoodasdeadlongas只要,如果

AsLongasYouLoveMe只要你爱我(sungbyBackStreetBoys)

Eg:Idon'tcarewhoyouare,whatyoudid,whereyouTefrom,aslongasyoulove

me!

betterthannothing聊胜于无

Betterlatethannever.亡羊补牢未为晚也

Bettersafethansorry.为了安全起见,总比到时候后悔强

Betterawittyfoolthanafoolishwit.(TwelfthNight)与其做愚蠢的智人不如做聪

明的愚人。

acupoftea(喜欢)Eg:Popmusicisn'tmycupoftea.

Truegenerositycomesfromhisheartnotfromhispurse.真正的慷慨出自内心而

非出自钱包

Itwasnotuntilthethirteenthstrokethatthebellstopped.(一直至U…才)全句为it

构成强调句式结构。

showyousomething有些事我得跟你讲(为难的不好说出来的)

ontheslowside属于反应有点慢的那一种

inprep.表达惊奇、恐惧、失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状

语作用

insurprise惊讶地

inastonishment惊愕地

inalarm惊恐地

inembarrassment窘迫地

inamazement特别惊讶地

indespair绝望地

indismay沮丧地

inanger生气地

indisappointment失望地

inpr印.表示以、用;用于语言,书写材料,色彩或声音等方面

inEnglish

inpencil

inink用钢笔

inafewwords用儿句话

insuchahighvoice用这么高的声音

inoil用颜料

inred用红颜色

incode用密码

in表示状态、情况或处境

introuble/indifficulty在困境中

inbed卧床

inahurry匆忙地

indebt负债

inlovewithsb.爱上了某人

intears哭泣

ingoodorder情况正常

ingoodrepair维修良好

ingoodhealth身体好

inpoorhealth身体状况不佳

inthebadmood情绪不好

inthegoodmood心情好

inhaste匆匆忙忙

inafavorofexcitement欣喜若狂

inpoverty在贫困之中

inluxury奢侈

Lesson-3

单词:

unknown

1.notbeknownbyname无名的

2.notwell-known不出名的

I'mnobody.我默默无闻Tmasmallpotato.我是一个小人物

ahouseholdname家喻户晓VIPHeissomebody,他是有来头的

abigshot大人物

goddessn.女神

-ess阴性词词尾,表女性或母性。

hostess女主人;女主持人stewardess空姐mistress情妇;(旧)女家庭教

师tigress雌老虎mothertiger母老虎

性别:gender(文)sex

人:female/malefemale/maleshe/he

arch(a)eologistn.考古学家

arch拱门arch-主要的、重要的archbishop红衣大主教-ology(scientific

study)科学研究-ist…人;…家

-ologyEg:anthropology人类学anthropoid类人猿psychology心理学

philosophy哲学;人生观physiology生理学

-istEg:specialist专家aheartspecialist心脏病专家Buddhist佛教

racist种族主义者terrorist恐怖主义分反战主义者

explorev.考察;勘探explorerexplodev.爆炸exploitv.利用;剥削

exploitchildlabor剥削童工

promontoryn.海角cape海角(三面环水的平地)theCapeofGood

Hope好望角

EnglishchannelTaiwanstraitpirate海盗;盗版delta三角洲Nile

Delta尼罗河三角洲

prosperousa.繁荣昌盛的prosperityn.

Eg:WellkeeptheprosperityandstabilityofHKatanycost.atanycost/atany

price不惜任何代价

Backgroundnotes:

TheAmericaexperiencedtheGreatDepressionin1930s1.

Aftertheboom,everythingisgloom.繁荣过后,进入萧条

slumpn.衰退aslumpinstock股价下跌

slacka.松弛的;不振作的;(市场)疲软的

inlowtime在不如意的时候eg:Thebusinessisinlowtime.生意萧条

civila.civilrights民权civillaw民法criminallaw刑法civil

servant公仆(国家公务员)

civilengineering土木工程civilwar内战domesticmarket国内市场

domesticviolence家庭暴力

domesticflights国内航班homecrowd家乡父老;本国观众

drainn.下水道braindrain人才流失

drainagen.排水系统-age名词后缀postage邮资hostage人

质orphanage孤儿院

worshipn.祭祀(warship战舰)

rite(forreligiouspurposes)宗教仪式ritesofbaptism洗礼

pray(askGodforhelp)祈祷(prey猎物)

Mass弥撒

sacrifices(offertoGod)祭品

fragmentn.碎片fallintofragments/fallintopieces(D)摔得粉碎

piecen.eg:Iamabouttogotopieces.我快崩溃了

fraction一小份inafractionofasecond片刻,眨眼间

fracturen.骨折

segment(果实)——块,——瓣Eg:asegmentofanorange一瓣桔子

课文:

makeadiscovery做出发现

makeanameforoneself出名

makehistory创造历史

makeanoise名噪一时Eg:BenLadenreallymadeanoiseby9.adent

取得初步的、有效的进展;奏效Eg:Chineseopen-uppolicyhasmadeadent.

主题句:为典型的记叙文开头句

记叙文的文体特点:时间、地点、人物、事件。并按事件发生的时间、空间顺序

描写,把握住其特征,就能轻松应对文章的理解。

Eg:Sometimeago,aninterestingdiscoverwasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegean

islandofsometimeago

Place:ontheAegeanIslandofkea

Person:archaeologists

Event:adiscoverywasmade

stand坐落,位于Eg:ChinastandsintheEastofthein坐落,位于Eg:

Alakeliesinthemiddleoftheforest.

lieinwaitfor埋伏着等待Eg:Agrandcrocodileliesinwaitforits

situated/belocatedin坐落于(正式)

enjoyvt.享有,享受

enjoyalonghistory历史悠久Eg:Chinaenjoysalongsupports得至!J

支持Eg:Geoge.W.Bushenjoyedalotofsupportsduringthepresident­

goodhealth(表示身体好)Eg:Ienjoygoodlargesales销量很大

enjoyahandsomeincome收入彳艮高

bebuiltofstone

bemadeofstoneEg:Heismadeofstone.铁石心肠的人

Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.

介词是英语中很重要的一种词性。with作为抽象含义而使用,表示被描述事物的

特征和性质。语音简洁、利落、生动。

amanwithabeard山羊胡amanwithamoustache小胡子amanwith

whiskers络腮胡子amanwithqueues发辫

(AbrahamLincoln)ofthepeople,bythepeople,andforthepeople民有,民治,

民享

.fromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.untilRomantimes古罗马时代(from200B.C.

until400A.D.)

Eg:DoastheRomansdowheninRome.入乡随俗

EveryroadleadstoRome.条条大路通罗马(殊途同归)

Romewasn*tbuiltinaday.罗马不是一天建成的(冰冻三尺非一日之寒)

sacredadj.庄严的

holy(god)神圣的theholycity:Jerusalem

religious(religion)宗教的

在带有科技色彩的文章中,应尽量减少主观色彩,所以被动语态是上策,引入主

语反而增加主观色彩。Thetemplewas

representv.代表Eg:TheStatueofLibertyrepresentsthefriendshipofFrance

andfor代表,表示

symbolizev.象征

tobethesymbolof是…的象征,作为…的标志

Eg:Pimpleisthesymbolofyouth.RoseisthesymbolofEngland.

beenpainted被上过色

remains历史遗迹;遗体

ruins废墟beontheroadtoruins走向毁灭

relic遗物,遗迹,遗风陋俗

legacy遗产;遗留产物

Eg:Asthelegacyofthemale-dominatedsociety,womenfindittheirdutytospend

themoneymenfrom/datebackto/gobackto/tracebackto可以追溯至U;自从・・・

就有(无被动语态)

missinghead下落不明的头

belost迷路thelostgeneration迷惘的一代

classicala.传统的,古朴的

Eg:classicalmusic—popularmusicclassicalphysica—quantumphysics

classicaltimes古希腊,古罗马时代

classica.经典的Eg:Titanicisaclassicn.阶级;等级

reconstructv.重建,修复Reconstruction(1865-1877)

turnouttobe竟然是

Eg:Tobebothafatherandmothertoachildatthesametimeturnsachildatthe

sametimeturnsouttobemoredifficultthanhethought.<Thekramers>

wearadress穿了裙make-up化了妆wearperfume喷了香水wearcontact

lenses戴隐形眼镜wearamoustache蓄小胡子

wearasadlook一脸愁容wearpistol佩戴手枪

full-length全长的,全身的

full-lengthTVseries大型电视系列片

full-dress盛装full-dresswelcome热烈欢迎,隆重欢迎

despite/inspiteof尽管

sofar到目前为止(可以引起完成时)

可以引起完成时:until—untilnowupto-uptonowbynow

Adamiapple喉结

AdamandEve熏肉加鸡蛋

asoldasAdam老掉牙

notknowsomebodyfromAdam根本就不认识某人

Boneofmybone,fleshofmyflesh.血肉相连Eg:Taiwanisboneof

mainlandefsbone;fleshofmainlandefsyouare,backtodustyou'llreturnwhen

youdie.本为尘土,死后亦归为尘土

toone*ssurprise使某人感到惊讶的是(在句中可做独立的状语,句子的主语不必

是某个人)

withsurprise惊讶地(首先,必须与行为动词连用;其次,句子的主语必须是某

个人)withsatisfaction/delight/dismay

Eg:Tbmygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft.Hesmokedhis

lastcigarettewithsatisfaction.

Hewenthomewithdismay,

dismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.

Lesson-4

doublelife双重生活doublecharacther双重性格doublechin双下巴

doublebed双人床twinbeds两张标准床

bigamy重婚two・timer脚踩两只船(amanwhodates2womenat

thesametime)

manuallaborer体力劳动者

automaticadj.自动的auto-自动的automat自动售货机autobiography

自传autonomousregion(self-ruled)自治区

goldcollarwhitecollarbluecollardogcollar(牧师们)

hotunderthecollar(feelangryorexctited)气愤不已;热血沸腾

Eg:Calmdown!Don*tgethotundertheacollar(Policecatchcriminals.)

privilegen.特权,特别待遇,殊荣

underprivileged贫困的下层阶级的

fortheprivilegeof为了某种特权(殊荣)

Eg:Manypeoplearewillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecoming

white-collarmygreatprivilegetomakeyouracquaintance.能结识您,实乃三生

有幸

Fveheardsomuchaboutyou.久闻大名

Yourreputationproceedsyou.久仰

corporationn.大型股份有限公司multinationalcorporation跨国公司

company小公司enterprise企业

joint-ventureenterprise合资企业state-ownedenterprise国有企业

townshipenterprise乡镇企业

non-governmentrunschool民办学校

课文:

Thesedays如今这年头

moneyn.钱,金钱;货币receivemoney拿工资savemoney存钱

spendmoney花钱makemoney挣钱

Eg:Spendthemoneytomorrowtoday.(今天花明天的钱)

farmoremoney多得多的钱somemoremoneylotsmoremoneya

lotmorealittlemore

bereferredtoas被称作

Eg:Heisreferredtoaswalkingdictionary.他被称作活字典。

beknowntousallas大家叫他…

Eg:Heisknowntousallaswalkingdictionary.大家都叫他活字典。

berecognizedas认出是…

Eg:Inthetorchlight,hewasrecognizedasBillbytheEg:ForrestGump

starredbyTomacollarandtie穿着衬衫,打着领带

aforkandknife一副刀叉asingeranddancer一个歌舞演员a

fatherandmother既当爹又当妈

suchishumannature此乃人之常情

giveriseto引起

Eg:Thatboysareweighedmoreimportantthangirlscangiverisetocuriousgave

risetoaworldwidegree-housebirthto生了(…孩子)Eg:Shegave

birthtoaprettyit正像刚刚提到的这种现象所发生的一样

as:引导了一个方式状语从句;it:上一句中that从句的内容;did:giveriseto

curioussituations

inthecaseof就…的情形而言,对…来说(itwasotherwise)

另当别论

Eg:Povertydepressedmanypeople,butinthecaseofmyfather,itwasotherwise.

Fatdepressedmanypeople,butinthecaseofHanHong,itwasotherwise.

Difficultiesdepressedmanypeople,butinthecaseofme,itwasotherwise.

incaseof万一,以防

Eg:Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseofrain.A:Whatfor?B:

Incase.{Bodyguard}

getengaged订婚getmarried结婚getseparated分居get

divorced离婚

Backgroundnotes:

TheOath婚誓

Itakeyouasmyweddedhusbandfromthemomentbetterorworse,forrichor

poor,healthorsicknesstoloveandGodismywitness,!givemy(尽管英文

的副词在位置和结构上相对来说比较灵活,但有的时候由于位置放的不一样,会

导致语言效果截然不同。)

Eg:Hesimplytoldhiswifethatheworkedforthecorporation,(andnomore)

Hetoldhiswifethatheworkedforthecorporationsimply,(inawaythatis

easytounderstand)

changeinto换上(衣backinto换回(衣服)getinto/puton穿上

Alfdidthis...省略与代替指示代词或人称代词的替代用法是有口语

和书面语之分的。

Eg:Icandoso.doso(书面)dothat/thisdoit(口语)Eg:Ican

doit.

fellown.同伴,伙伴(亲切,易引起情感的共鸣)

fellowdustmanfellowtownsman同乡fellowcountryman同胞

fellowcitizen市民们

-mate伙伴workmate同事roommate室友helpmate妻子(贤内助)

classmate(同班)同学soulmate红颜知己、蓝颜知己

haveneverdone...andneverwill

Eg:Don'tyouknowIhavecarriedthetorchforyouforalongtime.

Fmsorry.Ihaveneverlovedyouandneverwill.

halfasmuchasasoldasEg:Sheistwiceasoldasherson.

asmuchasheusedto(do)Eg:Hewillbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheused

to,...

to的不定式省略了动词,当说话人为了避免重复刚刚提过的动词时,动词不定

式的动作就被省略掉了。

会用到省略形式的词:wantmeanhopeexpectrefuseseem

intend

Eg:Iaskedhimtogotothepartybutherefusedto.

riseinstatus社会地位的上升

riseintaxes税收增加

riseinprices物价上涨

Eg:Theriseinpricesgaverisetoaseriesofsocialintheworld崛起

Eg:Chinaasthelargestdevelopingcountryisrisingintheandfall

Eg:Thelevelofpeople'smoodsrisesandfallsduringaday.

worth值得

beworthdoing(无被动语态)

beworthreadingbeworthwatchingbeworth

visiting

Eg:Thebookisworthreading.

It*sworththetime.It'sworththeefforts.Itsworththehardh's

worthallthehardworkyouputineducationwhenyouseesomanyhappychildren.

beworthyofrespectbeworthyofbeingrespected

Eg:Sheissuchagoodteacherthatsheisworthyofbeingrespected.

deserve:tohaveearnedsth.bygoodorbadbehavior

Eg:Yougetwhatyoudeserve.(Youreapwhatyousow.)种瓜得瓜种豆得豆

Hedeservesit.(口)他罪有应得。

fromnowon从现在开始

Eithermakeorbreakit.不成功,则成仁;破釜沉舟

Timeandtidewaitfornoman.时间不等人;时不我待

Lesson-5

editabook编书compileadictionary编字典code编码一decode解

编舞

editorial文学评论,文学社论proclamation公告Potsdam

Proclamation(1945)

statisticsn.统计学(单数)statics静力学ethics伦理学work

ethic职业道德,职业操守

presidentn.总统,校长;(国家)最高元首Eg:PresidentJiangZemin

honorarypresident名誉校长chancellor名誉校长,形象代言人

journalistn.撰稿记者reporter记者(oncamera)上镜的

correspondent通讯记者,特派员,驻外记者

palacen.宫殿

PRC.TheForbiddenCityPalaceMuseumSummerPalace

BritainBuckinghamPalace(BritishroyalfamilyinLondon)DowningSt.White

Hall(BritishGoverment)白厅

AmericaWhiteHousePentagon五角大楼

RussiaWinterPalaceTheKremlin(thegovernmentofRussia)RedSquare

impatienta.不耐烦的,迫不及待的

patient忍耐的,有耐心的/患者,病人inpatient住院病人-outpatient

门诊病人

beimpatientforsth.迫不及待做某事Eg;Thekidsareimpatientfor

for极度的渴望Eg:Theorphandiesformaternalfor对…如饥似渴,渴求

Eg:Ihungerforfor渴望,热望Eg:Ourcarthirstsforfor渴望

longforpeace渴望和平

desire渴望desireforpower/greenpower渴望权力/金钱

yearn(因思念产生的)渴望yearnforhometown

desperate极度的渴望desperateforfame

firev.解雇hirev.雇佣Fire!开火!

对语言词汇的把握,要注意情景的变化。所谓词本无义,因人生“意:(Words

don'thavemeaningbutpeoplegivemeaningtowords.)

givesbasack炒就;鱼dismiss解雇;散会;下课

Eg:Youaredismissed.1.雇主:你被解雇了。2.会议主持人:大家请散会。

3.老师:同学们下课了。

relievesbofhispost/duties(totakeawaysb*sjobbecausetheyhavedonesth

wrong)解除职务

Eg:PresidentNixonwasrelievedofhisdutyduetoslip解雇通知书get

one'spinkslip被解雇

walkingpapers免职书,解雇书,辞退书givesbhiswalkingpapers炒某人

的献鱼

Eg:Theslumpineconomymademanypeoplegettheirwalkingpapers.经济的不

景气使很多人没了饭碗。

gettheax炒鲸鱼(ax;经费、人员的削减)

课文:

gotoextremestodo走极端Eg:Hewenttoextremestostealbecauseof

poverty.

takessthtoextremes(inordertoachievesth)为了…走极端Eg:Hetakes

alcoholtoextremes.他酗酒成性

gosofarasto甚至于,竟然

Eg:Somereallykeenenthusiastsgosofarastobuildtheirownsomuchasdoing

甚至于,连…都没

Eg:Heleftthejobwithoutsomuchassayinggood-bye.他连声招呼都不打就甩

手不干了。

factsandstatistics确切数字

两个词义和词类相同,但词形不同的单词连用,组成并列结构,以达到音韵上的

和谐之美,取得修辞上的平衡效果,称之为同义重复修饰。

factsandstatistics

Eg:Servethepeopleheartandsoul.全心全意为人民服务

Eg:Thecontractisnullandvoid.合同无效

and只是语法上的连接,实际含义要取决于语境。

Eg:warandpeace战争与和andlaugh有说有笑menandmen各式各

样的人(and各式各样的)

Itwasnoteasytocarrysuchaheavyload,andduringthedogdays.扛这么重的东

西很不容易,更何况是这么热的天呢。(and更何况)

leadto通向(to是介词)Eg:Eachroadleadstoto指向哪里,导向…

guideto引导…到…Eg:Onlyhardworkwillguideyoutoto跑向,趋

向,向…去Eg:Hundredsofstepsruntothehighfor朝向那里,通向哪

里,朝…进发

makefor大步朝前走,大部走向那里,前往

surround围绕着goaround(口)

Eg:Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwallwhichgoesaroundthepresident's

around(tomoveincirclesaroundsth)Eg:Themoonrevolvesaroundthe自转

Eg:Themoonrotateswhileitrevolvesaroundthe

Eg:Theman-madesatellitemade30revolutionsaroundtheEarth.这颗人造卫星已

经整整环绕地球30周了。

(不是人造卫星干了30场革命)

不同人对同一词的理解不可避免带有主观色彩。文化无孔不入的浸透在语言结构

及理解之中,而这种差异直接或间接的影响着不同文化的读者解读语篇的过程。

Eg:Itieahorsetoalocust.(本句中locust是洋槐,不是蝗虫)

setout出发startoff出发seesbout送出门seesboff送行seesb

home送回家

gotopress付印havesthprinted打印

no否定意义很强receivenoreply音信皆无

Eg:Heisnotafool.他不是傻瓜Heisnofool!他可一点都不傻

Hecan'tunderstandthislecture.NeithercanI.NomorecanI.

Thisoneisnotbetterthanthatone.这4、不比那个好。

Thisoneisnobetterthanthatone.这个和那个一样糟。

notwell不仅…而且…

Eg:TheBigBenisnotonlyofimmensesizebutit'saccurateasonlyhadthepoor

manbeen

在英文中,如果表示否定的副词或副词词组放在句首,就必须后接“助动词+主

语+句子的其它部分”。这种倒装结构特别用来加强语气。

倒装:实质是为了突出被强调的部分。(否定词用于句前,句子要倒装)

NotonlyEg:Notonlydidhemakeapromise,buthealsokeptuntilEg;

Notuntilthe13thstrikedidtheclockstop.(Theclockdidnotstopuntillthe13th

strike.)

while/when/as引导时间状语从句

当主句主语与从句主语一致,而且从句谓语为be动词时,be动词和主语都在从

句中被省略。

Eg:...hehadbeenarrestedwhile(hewas)countingthe1,084

Ironexpandswhen(itis)heated.

goDutch各付各的gohalves平摊Itsonme.今天我请客

beabouttogotopress即将要付印(为瞬间将来时)

havesb.done使之被…

FNG:FuckingNewGangs他妈的新兵蛋子

greaseanofficer:拍长官的马屁

Lesson-6

-ash剧烈的动作

smashv.打碎slash猛砍bash猛击clash(金属)撞击

crash(car/plane)撞击

Eg:Thecomputercrashed,(stopworking)

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