陕西省渭南市2025届高三下学期3月二模试题 英语 含解析

2025届高三联考联评模拟试题(三)英语注意事项：1.本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理;试题不回收。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.WhogaveJennyabicycle?A.Herparents.B.Heraunt.C.Hergrandmother.2.Whatdoesthesongrecall?A.Alotofclassicmusic.B.Thehighschooldays.C.Arecently-heldparty.3.WhatisLisadoing?A.Sayinggoodbye.B.Hostingaparty.C.Callingthecab.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Makeacomplaint.B.Canceltheorder.C.Changethedeliverytime.5.Whenmightthemanreachthebusstop?A.8:10PM.B.8:00PM.C.8:40PM.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Travelexperience.B.Weatherforecast.C.Trippacking.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisetotake?A.Springclothes.B.Snacks.C.Internationalpassport.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.HowdoesSusanfeelaboutthecomingcollegelife?A.Quiterelaxed.B.Abitworried.C.Verypuzzled.9.WhatadvicedoesDavidgivetoSusan?A.Takingagapyear.B.Studyingharder.C.Facingchangespositively.10.HowoldisDavidnow?A.26yearsold.B.18yearsold.C.28yearsold.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Employerandemployee.C.Coachandtrainee.12.WhatmakesSarahlookenergetic?A.Slowingdownherlifepace.B.Takingmedicines.C.Exerciseandhealthierfood.13.Whatraisestheman’sinterestatlast?A.DoingexercisewithSarah.B.TryingoutSarah’sdietplan.C.Goingtocompanytogether.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhydidMariepostherkitchengardeningonlineatfirst?A.Tosellhome-grownvegetables.B.Tokeeprecordsofherprogress.C.Tomotivateherfellowgardeners.15.WhydoesMarierecommendbeginnerstogrowstrawberries?A.Becausetheycanbeusedincooking.B.Becausetheyneednospecialcare.C.Becausetheybearalotoffruitsoon.16.WhatisdifficultforMarietogrow?A.Carrots.B.Herbs.C.Pears.17.WhatisMarie’sadvicetothoseinterestedinkitchengardening?A.Keepingfocused.B.Aiminghigh.C.Stayingoptimistic.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhendidEmilyfirststartherexhibitioncareer?A.In2000.B.In2005.C.In2010.19.WhattypeofartdoesEmilypresent?A.Traditionalfolkart.B.Modernart.C.Abstractimpressionism.20.WhatdoesEmilyaimtoachieve?A.Topromoteunderstanding.B.Tointroducefamousartists.C.Tomakeprofitsforcharity.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATherearealwayssomeplacesthatseemtogowellbeyondourearthlyexpectations.Theseincrediblelocationsaresimilartothoseinsciencefictions,catchingourimaginationandtransportingustootherworldlygrounds.Cappadocia,TurkeyLocatedincentralAnatolia,theareaisknownforitsunusualrockformationsknownas“fairychimneys”.Thesecolumns,createdbyvolcanoesanderosion(腐蚀)overmillionsofyears,givetheregionitsotherworldlyappearance.TsingydeBemarahaTheremarkablesightattractsvisitorswithitsuniquelimestone(石灰石)formations.Stretchingover1,500-squarekilometers,Tsingy,whichmeans“whereonecannotwalkbarefoot,”containssharpsurfacesandundergroundcaves,formingadramaticlandscape.Adventurerscanexploretheparkviabridgesandladderstowitnessthebreathtakingbeautyofthisnaturalwonder.ZhangyeDanxiaNationalGeologicalParkLocatedinChina’sGansuProvince,ZhangyeDanxiaNationalGeologicalParkcontainslandformsthatareoneofnature’smasterpieces.Itsvivid,rainbow-coloredrockformationshavebeenshapedbywindandwatererosionovermillionsofyears.Thelayersofred,orangeandyellowcreatealandscapethatlooksasifitisonadifferentplanetaltogether.Mexico’sYucatanPeninsulaLocatedwithintheremarkablelandscapesofMexico’sYucatanPeninsula,thecenotes(洞井)presentaplaceofotherworldlybeauty.Thesenaturalsinkholes,createdbythecollapseoftheirlimestonebases,openupintocharmingundergroundcavesandshiningpools.Raysofsunlightdancethroughtheopeningsinthewalls,lightingupthewatersbelow,tellingataleofnature’sartistry.Visitingtheseplacesnotonlyprovidesavisualfeast,butalsoremindsusoftheincrediblewonderhereontheEarth.1.WhatfeaturesZhangyeDanxiaNationalGeologicalPark?A.Itssharpgrounds. B.Itscolorfulrocks.C.Itsfairychimneys. D.Itsundergroundcaves.2.Whatcanbelearnedfromthistext?A.VisitorscanonlyexploreTsingydeBemarahathroughladders.B.Cappadociaattractsvisitorswithitsuniquelimestoneformations.C.TheuniquelandscapeinZhangyeisshapedbyvolcanicactivities.D.ThecollapseofthelimestonebasescreatedthenaturalwonderinYucatanPeninsula.3.Inwhichmagazinecanweprobablyreadthistext?A.NatureMedicine.B.TheEconomist.C.NationalGeographic.D.ChineseTranslatorsJournal.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个宛如科幻世界的奇特自然景观。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ZhangyeDanxiaNationalGeologicalPark部分中“Itsvivid,rainbow-coloredrockformationshavebeenshapedbywindandwatererosionovermillionsofyears.Thelayersofred,orangeandyellowcreatealandscapethatlooksasifitisonadifferentplanetaltogether.(其色彩鲜艳、呈彩虹色的岩层是数百万年来经风化和水蚀作用形成的。层层的红色、橙色和黄色构成了一幅看起来仿佛完全来自另一个星球的景观)”可知，张掖丹霞国家地质公园的特点是其色彩斑斓的岩石。数百万年来经风化和水蚀形成了鲜艳的、彩虹色的岩层，红、橙、黄等色彩层次构成了仿佛来自另一个星球的景观。所以其特色是彩色的岩石。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Mexico’sYucatanPeninsula部分中“Thesenaturalsinkholes,createdbythecollapseoftheirlimestonebases,openupintocharmingundergroundcavesandshiningpools.(这些由石灰岩基座坍塌而形成的天然天坑，通向了迷人的地下洞穴和波光粼粼的水潭)”可知，墨西哥尤卡坦半岛的天然天坑是由其石灰岩基座的坍塌形成的，这些天坑形成了迷人的地下洞穴和波光粼粼的水池，即石灰岩基座的坍塌造就了尤卡坦半岛的自然奇观。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Therearealwayssomeplacesthatseemtogowellbeyondourearthlyexpectations.Theseincrediblelocationsaresimilartothoseinsciencefictions,catchingourimaginationandtransportingustootherworldlygrounds.(总有一些地方似乎远远超出了我们对尘世的预期。这些令人惊叹的地方就如同科幻小说中描绘的场景一样，激发着我们的想象力，将我们带到超凡脱俗的境地)”可知，文章主要介绍了四个地球上宛如科幻世界的自然景观，包括它们的形成原因和特点等内容。“NationalGeographic(《国家地理》)”杂志主要涉及自然地理、科学探索等方面的内容，与本文介绍自然景观的主题相符，所以我们可能在《国家地理》杂志上读到这篇文章。故选C。BEconomistTylerCowenarguesthattraditionalinterviewmethodsarenoteffectiveindeterminingthebestcandidatesforajob,especiallyincreativeroles.Candidateswhoarewell-preparedoftenpasstheseinterviews,butthisonlyteststheirpreparationandnottheirabilities.Todeterminethebestcandidates,Cowensuggeststhatinterviewersconcentrateonauthenticity(真实性)andspontaneity(自发性)intheirinteractionswithcandidates,ratherthanrelyingonpre-writtenquestions.Theinterviewershouldbetrustworthy,Cowenargues,asithelpsthembetterevaluatetheauthenticityofcandidates.Eventually,“bettertalentallocation(分配)”contributestoeconomicgrowth,andmorethoughtfulinterviewmethodscanhelpidentifymoretalentedindividualsandelevatethemtogreateropportunities.Cowenadds,“Therearetoomanyinterviewquestions,andeveryinterviewerisready.Forexample,‘Whatmistakesdidyoumakeinyourpreviousjob?’Butmanycandidatesjustdidn’tpreparewellanddidn’tprovideagoodanswer.Soinmostcases,forbettercandidates,youareactuallyjustpreparingfortesting.Butformorecreativejobs,youwilllosecandidateswithotherqualities.”“HowtogetpeopleintowhatIcallthe“RealMode”largelydependsonwhotheyare,aswellaswhoyouare.IfIaminterviewingacandidate,myfavoritediscussionsarejustthosewithoutscripts.Iprefertohavetheseconversationswithoutaskingquestions.Ihopetheyarenatural.Ilikespontaneity—howtoachieveitdependsontheenvironment,work,howmuchtimeyouhave,andmanyotherfactors.”Anestimatesuggeststhatsincethe1960s,20%to40%ofUSeconomicgrowthhascomefrom“bettertalentallocation”.Ifwehadafresherandmorecreativeinterviewprocess,Idothinkpeoplewouldbemorethoughtful.Theywillthinkmoredeeplyabouttheworktheywillbeengagedin.Ithinkwewillfindtalentsthatwehaven’tseensofar.Wewillenablemorepeopletohavegreateropportunities.”4.Howdoestheauthorstartthispassage?A.Bygivingnumbers. B.Byidentifyingaproblem.C.Bylistingsurveyresults. D.Bygivingadefinition.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elevate”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Challenge. B.Restrict.C.Promote. D.Defeat.6.Whatisthepurposeofmentioning“bettertalentallocation”inthepassage?AToexplaintheroleofintervieweesininterviews.B.Todisplaytheimpactoftalentallocationonjobhunting.C.Tostresstheimportanceoftalentallocationforinterviewees.D.Tomakepeoplerethinkinterviewapproachesforbettertalentallocation.7.Thispassageismainlywrittento______.A.interviewers B.intervieweesC.graduates D.careertrainers【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了经济学家TylerCowen关于传统面试方法的观点，他认为传统面试方法存在不足，并提出了改进面试方法的建议，以实现更好的人才分配和经济增长。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“EconomistTylerCowenarguesthattraditionalinterviewmethodsarenoteffectiveindeterminingthebestcandidatesforajob,especiallyincreativeroles.(经济学家TylerCowen认为，传统的面试方法在确定工作的最佳人选方面并不有效，尤其是在创意岗位上)”可知，文章开头指出传统面试方法在招聘中（尤其是创意岗位）存在的问题，即无法有效筛选出最佳候选人。由此推知，作者是通过识别一个问题来开始这篇文章的。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“morethoughtfulinterviewmethodscanhelpidentifymoretalentedindividualsandelevatethemtogreateropportunities.(更周到的面试方法可以帮助发现更有才华的人，并为他们elevate更大的机会)”可知，划线词elevate与greateropportunities(更大的机会)搭配，表示通过更好的面试方法，帮助有才华的人获得更大的机会。由此可知，elevate与promote(提升，促进)意思接近。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Anestimatesuggeststhatsincethe1960s,20%to40%ofUSeconomicgrowthhascomefrom“bettertalentallocation”.Ifwehadafresherandmorecreativeinterviewprocess,Idothinkpeoplewouldbemorethoughtful.(据估计，自上世纪60年代以来，美国经济增长的20%至40%来自“更好的人才配置”。如果我们有一个更新鲜、更有创意的面试过程，我认为人们会考虑得更周到)”可推知，提到“更好的人才分配”是为了让人们重新思考面试方法，以实现更好的人才分配。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，并结合第二段“ Todeterminethebestcandidates,Cowensuggeststhatinterviewersconcentrateonauthenticity(真实性)andspontaneity(自发性)intheirinteractionswithcandidates,ratherthanrelyingonpre-writtenquestions.(为了确定最佳候选人，考恩建议面试官在与候选人的互动中注重真实性和自发性，而不是依赖于预先写好的问题)”可知，文章主要讨论的是面试方法的改进，强调面试官（interviewers）应该如何改变传统的面试方式，以更好地识别和选拔人才。文章中多次提到“interviewers”和“interviewmethods”，并且建议面试官如何改进面试过程。由此推知，这篇文章主要是写给面试官的，旨在讨论如何改进面试方法以更好地发现和提升人才。故选A。CInanewstudy,researchersusedartificialintelligence(AI)toconfirmthatanappcanidentifypoisonivy(毒藤).Poisonivyranksamongthemostmedicallyproblematicplants.Upto50millionpeopleworldwidesufferannuallyfromrashes(皮疹)causedbycontactwiththeplant,aclimbing,woodyvinenativetoAmericaandseveralareasinAsia.It’sfoundonfarms,inwoods,landscapes,fields,hikingtrails,andotheropenspaces.So,ifyougotothoseplaces,poisonivycanleadtoreactionsthatrequiremedicalattention.Worse,mostpeopledon’tknowpoisonivywhentheyseeit.Thenewappcouldhelpchangethat.“Wewerethefirsttodothis,anditwasdesignedasatoolforhikersorothersworkingoutdoors,”saysNathanBoyd,aprofessorattheUF/IFASGulfCoastResearchandEducationCenter.“Theappusesacameratoidentifyinrealtimeifpoisonivyispresentandprovidesyouwithameasureofcertaintyforthedetection.ItalsofunctionsevenifyouarenotconnectedwiththeInternet.”Thenextstepistomaketheappcommerciallyavailableandthere’snotimetableforthatyet,Boydsays.Forthestudy,researcherscollectedthousandsofimagesofpoisonivyfromfivelocations.Theylabeledimages,andineachimage,scientistsputboxesaroundtheleavesandstemsoftheplant.Theboxedimageswerecriticalbecausepoisonivyhasauniqueleafarrangementandshape.Scientistsusethosecharacteristicstoidentifytheplant.TheythenrantheimagesthroughAIprogramsandtaughtacomputertorecognizewhichplantsarepoisonivy.Theyalsoincludedimagesofplantsthatarenotpoisonivyorplantsthatlooklikepoisonivytobecertainthecomputerlearnstodistinguishthem.“Webelievethatbyintegratinganobject-detectionalgorithm,publichealth,andplantscience,ourresearchcanencourageandsupportfurtherinvestigationstounderstandpoisonivydistributionandminimizehealthconcerns,”Boydsays.8.Whoneedsthisappmost?A.Wendy,amedicalsciencestudent.B.George,anadventurousgamelover.C.Mr.Johnathan,acomputerengineer.D.BenJames,anoutdoorhikingenthusiast.9.Whatcanweknowabouttheappfromthepassage?A.Itcanworkoffline.B.It’salreadycomeintothemarket.C.Itissupportedbythegeneticalgorithm.D.Itappliessoundwavestoidentifypoisonivy.10.Thelastfourparagraphsmainlytalkabout______.A.theprofitcontributionmadebytheapp B.thestepstodeveloptheappC.thereasonforinventingtheapp D.thedisadvantageoftheapp11.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.GoodNewstoRashPatients.B.AnAppSavesPoisonIvy.C.AnAI-poweredPoisonIvyDetector.D.GoodToolstoEliminatePoisonIvy.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员利用人工智能开发了一款应用程序，能够通过摄像头实时识别毒藤，帮助减少因接触该植物而导致的健康问题，并计划在未来将其商业化。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“It’sfoundonfarms,inwoods,landscapes,fields,hikingtrails,andotheropenspaces.(它（毒藤）存在于农场、树林、风景、田野、远足径和其他开放空间)”和第五段中“Wewerethefirsttodothis,anditwasdesignedasatoolforhikersorothersworkingoutdoors(我们是第一个这样做的，它是为远足者或其他在户外工作的人设计的工具)”可知，该应用程序是为远足者或其他在户外工作的人设计的。由此可知，本・詹姆斯，一位热衷于户外徒步旅行的爱好者受益最大。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Theappusesacameratoidentifyinrealtimeifpoisonivyispresentandprovidesyouwithameasureofcertaintyforthedetection.ItalsofunctionsevenifyouarenotconnectedwiththeInternet.(这款应用程序使用摄像头实时识别是否存在毒藤，并为你提供检测的可靠程度。即使你没有连接网络，它也能正常运行。)”可知，这款应用程序即使在没有联网的情况下也能运行，即可以离线工作。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第四段“Forthestudy,researcherscollectedthousandsofimagesofpoisonivyfromfivelocations.(在这项研究中，研究人员从五个地点收集了数千张毒藤的照片)”、倒数第三段中“Theylabeledimages,andineachimage,scientistsputboxesaroundtheleavesandstemsoftheplant.(他们给图片贴上标签，在每张图片中，科学家们在植物的叶子和茎周围打上方框)”、倒数第二段“TheythenrantheimagesthroughAIprogramsandtaughtacomputertorecognizewhichplantsarepoisonivy.Theyalsoincludedimagesofplantsthatarenotpoisonivyorplantsthatlooklikepoisonivytobecertainthecomputerlearnstodistinguishthem.(然后，他们通过人工智能程序运行这些图像，并教会计算机识别哪些植物是毒藤。他们还包括了不是毒藤或看起来像毒藤的植物的图像，以确保计算机能够学会区分它们)”和最后一段中“Webelievethatbyintegratinganobject-detectionalgorithm,publichealth,andplantscience,ourresearchcanencourageandsupportfurtherinvestigationstounderstandpoisonivydistributionandminimizehealthconcerns(我们相信，通过整合目标检测算法、公共卫生和植物科学，我们的研究可以鼓励和支持进一步的调查，以了解毒藤的分布，并最大限度地减少健康问题)”可知，最后四段主要讨论了研究人员开发该应用程序的具体步骤。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Inanewstudy,researchersusedartificialintelligence(AI)toconfirmthatanappcanidentifypoisonivy(毒藤).(在一项新的研究中，研究人员利用人工智能(AI)证实了一款应用程序可以识别毒藤)”可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员利用人工智能开发了一款应用程序，能够通过摄像头实时识别毒藤，帮助减少因接触该植物而导致的健康问题，并计划在未来将其商业化。因此，C项“一款由人工智能驱动的毒藤探测器。”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选C项。DSituatedLearningTheory(SLT),firstpresentedbyJeanLaveandEtienneWenger,explainstheprocessanddevelopmentoflearningwhenindividualshavetheopportunitytoparticipateinacommunityofpractice.Insuchacommunity,newlearnershavemoreopportunitiestopracticewithinthecontextoflearning.Inthislight,learningisunintentional.ThisunintentionalnatureoflearningiswhattheauthorscallLegitimatePeripheralParticipation(LPP)(合法的边缘性参与).InLPP,thelearnermovesfromtheedgeofthecommunitytothecenter.Atfirst,theyparticipatearoundtheedgeandgainexpertiseuntiltheybecomemoreskilledandbecomeexperts.AsimilartheoryisSituatedCognition(认知),proposedbyJohnSeelyBrown,AllanCollinsandPaulDuguid.Theirunderstandinggoesdeeperintothesocialnatureoflearningandarguesthatlearningcannotberemovedfromthesituationsinwhichexpertiseisgainedandmerelybeappliedinschool.Thecultureofconventionalschoolinginfluenceswhatislearned,anddecontextualizedinstructiondoesnotleadtoeffectivelearning.SLThasbeenusedinschoolsettingstoimproveteachingandlearning.It’simportant,however,tonoticethatalthoughtheschooloffersthesocialcontextforlearning,itsometimesfallsshortintheuseofthistheory.Theconstructionofknowledgeneedstobeputinaproperandaccuratecontextwherelearnerscanparticipateandapplywhatislearned.ThenatureofsituatedlearningandtheemphasisonLPPasawaytounderstandhowlearningdevelopscanbeappliedininstructiontounderstandanddesignlearningprocesses.SLTisofgreatvalueinmanyways.Itbringstothetabletheimportanceofrecognizinglearningasaseriesofactivitiesgoingbeyondjustsharingcontent.Theinteractionofthelearnerandtheexpertinthecommunityofpracticeandthedevelopmentoftheformerintoalevelofexpertisetogetherinacontextualizedsettingarewhatfinallysupportsknowledgeconstruction.12.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Studentsmuststudyundertheguidanceofexperts.B.Participatingaroundtheedgeiscrucialtolearning.C.Specialcommunitiesareharmfultounintentionallearning.D.LearnerscanbeexpertsbyacquiringknowledgethroughLPP.13.WhatisthecommongroundofSLTandSituatedCognition?A.Expertiseismerelyfromcontent-sharing.B.Learningshouldhappeninarelatedsetting.C.Effectivelearningistheresultofdecontextualization.D.Conventionalschoolinginfluencesthewayoflearning.14.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.SchoolneedstolowertheexpectationsofSLT.B.LearnersmustbetaughtthetheoreticalnatureofSLT.C.SchoolshouldfocusontheaccurateapplicationofSLT.D.TeachingprocessreliesontheacademicinstructionofSLT.15.WhyisSLTofgreatsignificanceaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Becauseithelpsenrichthelearningprocess.B.Becauseitrevealstheimportanceofexpertise.C.Becauseitstressesthenecessityoflearning.D.Becauseitexplainstheinternallogicofteaching.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了情境学习理论（SLT）和情境认知理论，强调了学习者在实践社区中的参与和知识建构的重要性。文章还讨论了这些理论在教育中的应用，以及它们对教学和学习过程的贡献。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Inthislight,learningisunintentional.ThisunintentionalnatureoflearningiswhattheauthorscallLegitimatePeripheralParticipation(LPP)(合法的边缘性参与).InLPP,thelearnermovesfromtheedgeofthecommunitytothecenter.Atfirst,theyparticipatearoundtheedgeandgainexpertiseuntiltheybecomemoreskilledandbecomeexperts.(从这个角度来看，学习是无意识的。这种无意识的学习本质就是作者所说的合法外围参与（LPP）。在LPP中，学习者从社区的边缘移动到中心。一开始，他们在边缘参与并获得专业知识，直到他们变得更熟练并成为专家)”可知，学习者通过合法的边缘性参与（LPP）从社区的边缘逐渐走向中心，并通过参与逐渐获得专业知识，最终成为专家。由此可知，学习者可以通过LPP获得知识并成为专家。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theirunderstandinggoesdeeperintothesocialnatureoflearningandarguesthatlearningcannotberemovedfromthesituationsinwhichexpertiseisgainedandmerelybeappliedinschool.(它们的理解更深入地探讨了学习的社会本质，并认为学习不能脱离获得专业知识的情况，而仅仅是在学校里应用)”可知，SLT和SituatedCognition都认为学习应该发生在与实际情境相关的环境中，而不是脱离实际情境的学校环境中。由此可知，两者的共同点是学习应该在相关的环境中发生。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Theconstructionofknowledgeneedstobeputinaproperandaccuratecontextwherelearnerscanparticipateandapplywhatislearned.ThenatureofsituatedlearningandtheemphasisonLPPasawaytounderstandhowlearningdevelopscanbeappliedininstructiontounderstandanddesignlearningprocesses.(知识的构建需要放在一个恰当的、准确的语境中，让学习者能够参与并应用所学的知识。情境学习的本质和强调LPP作为理解学习如何发展的一种方式，可以应用于教学中，以理解和设计学习过程)”可知，本段强调了学校需要将知识构建放在一个合适且准确的环境中，并且强调了SLT在教学设计中的应用。由此推知，学校应该专注于SLT的准确应用。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“SLTisofgreatvalueinmanyways.Itbringstothetabletheimportanceofrecognizinglearningasaseriesofactivitiesgoingbeyondjustsharingcontent.Theinteractionofthelearnerandtheexpertinthecommunityofpracticeandthedevelopmentoftheformerintoalevelofexpertisetogetherinacontextualizedsettingarewhatfinallysupportsknowledgeconstruction.(SLT在许多方面都有很大的价值。它表明了认识到学习是一系列活动的重要性，而不仅仅是分享内容。学习者和专家在实践共同体中的互动，以及前者在情境化环境中共同发展成为一种专业水平，是最终支持知识构建的因素)”可知，本段强调了SLT的价值在于它超越了单纯的内容分享，强调了学习者与专家之间的互动以及在情境化环境中知识建构的重要性。由此推知，SLT的重要意义在于它丰富了学习过程。故选A。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。TheInternetoffersusanopportunitytoknowmorepeoplewithverylittleeffort.____16____?HowpeopleseeonlinefriendshipsandIRLfriendshipsdependsontheirage.Whiledigitalimmigrants(移民)suchasI,a43-year-oldman,supportthebeliefthatpeople“separatetheironlinelivesfromtheirofflinelives”,thedigitalnatives,suchasmyson,an18-year-oldboy,growingwithFacebookandInstagram,finddifferencesbetweenonlineandofflinefriendshipsmoreunclear.ThePewResearchCenterfindsthat57%ofAmericanteensmakenewfriendsonline.However,italsofindsthatmost“digitalfriendships”juststayinthedigitalspace,____17____.Itseemsthatreal-timefriendshipsareconsideredmorevaluablethandigitalfriendshipsevenamongthedigitalnatives.So,istheInternetbadforrelationships?Obviouslynot.Withoutthenet,____18____.Andthedigitalnativeseemstofindonlineinteractionswithreal-lifefriendsbeneficial.83%ofteensocialmediausersbelievethatsocialmediamakesthemfeelmoreconnectedtotheirfriends’lives.____19____.68%ofteensocialmediausersreporthavingexperiencedunpleasantfeelingstowardtheirfriendsonsocialmedia.26%ofallteenshavehadanargumentwithafriendoversomethingthathappenedonline.____20____.Butthislinkmustbebasedonintimacyandfamiliarity.Andabalanceofonlineandofflineinteractionswillpavethewayforbetterrelationshipsintheworld.A.However,onlineinteractionscansometimeshaveanegativeeffectonexistingrelationshipsB.PeoplefromdifferentcountriesholddifferentopinionsC.Butareonlinefriendshipsthesameasin-real-life(IRL)friendshipsD.TheInternetisundoubtedlyaninvaluablelinkbetweenpeopleseparatedbydistanceE.andatruefriendissomeonewhogivesyouthefreedomtobeyourselfF.IcouldhaveneverkeptintouchwithmyhighschoolfriendsafteraquarterofacenturyG.andonly20%ofteenshavemetanonlinefriendinperson【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.A20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了网络友谊与现实友谊的异同及网络对人际关系的影响。【16题详解】上文“TheInternetoffersusanopportunitytoknowmorepeoplewithverylittleeffort.(互联网为我们提供了一个只需很少努力就能认识更多人的机会)”说明了互联网在交友方面的作用。空处应是一个转折或引出新话题的句子，下文“HowpeopleseeonlinefriendshipsandIRLfriendshipsdependsontheirage.(人们如何看待网络友谊和现实生活中的友谊取决于他们的年龄)”开始讨论网络友谊和现实友谊的问题，所以空处应引出关于网络友谊和现实友谊的比较。所以C项“但是网络友谊和现实生活中的友谊一样吗”符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】上文“ThePewResearchCenterfindsthat57%ofAmericanteensmakenewfriendsonline.However,italsofindsthatmost“digitalfriendships”juststayinthedigitalspace,(皮尤研究中心发现，57%的美国青少年在网上结交新朋友。然而，研究还发现，大多数“数字友谊”只停留在数字空间里)”表明大部分网络友谊仅存在于网络空间。空处应继续阐述网络友谊的相关情况，所以G项“并且只有20%的青少年亲自见过网友”进一步说明了青少年网友见面的比例，与上文构成递进关系，都是关于青少年线上交友的具体数据和情况。故选G。【18题详解】上文“So,istheInternetbadforrelationships?Obviouslynot.Withoutthenet,(那么，互联网对人际关系有害吗？显然不是。没有网络)”说明互联网对人际关系有益，空处应说明没有网络的情况下会怎样。F项“在四分之一个世纪后，我可能永远无法与我的高中朋友保持联系了”举例说明了网络对于保持朋友联系的重要性，承接上文，符合语境。故选F。19题详解】上文“83%ofteensocialmediausersbelievethatsocialmediamakesthemfeelmoreconnectedtotheirfriends’lives.(83%的青少年社交媒体用户认为社交媒体让他们与朋友的生活联系更紧密)”表明社交媒体的积极作用，下文“68%ofteensocialmediausersreporthavingexperiencedunpleasantfeelingstowardtheirfriendsonsocialmedia.26%ofallteenshavehadanargumentwithafriendoversomethingthathappenedonline.(68%的青少年社交媒体用户表示在社交媒体上对朋友有过不愉快的感觉。26%的青少年曾因网上发生的事情与朋友发生过争吵)”阐述了社交媒体的消极影响，所以空处应是一个表示转折的句子，引出社交媒体的负面作用。所以A项“然而，在线互动有时会对现有的关系产生负面影响”符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】下文“Butthislinkmustbebasedonintimacyandfamiliarity.Andabalanceofonlineandofflineinteractionswillpavethewayforbetterrelationshipsintheworld.(但这种联系必须建立在亲密和熟悉的基础上。线上和线下互动的平衡将为世界上更好的人际关系铺平道路)”强调了线上联系的重要性以及线上线下互动平衡的意义，空处应说明互联网在人际关系中的重要性。D项“互联网无疑是分隔两地的人们之间的宝贵纽带”符合语境，下文中的thislink指代该选项中的“aninvaluablelinkbetweenpeopleseparatedbydistance”。故选D。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LuisEscobar,acoachatSt.JosephHigh,was____21____afunideatochangethepracticeforhissummerprogram.Therefore,he____22____14runnersfromhisschooltothelocalanimalshelterandpairedthemwith14dogs.“WhenIfirstpresentedthe____23____,therewerealotofeyerolls,”hesaid.Afterall,itwasagroupofhighschool____24____.However,thegroupgotabitexcitedwhentheyweretoldtherunwould____25____aspartoftheircommunityservicethateveryoneattheirhighschoolhadtomeet.Thenoncethestudentssawthedogs,theybecamejusttruly____26____.Afterashortintroduction,thegroupwentforamileandahalfrun.Escobarfilmedthe____27____practiceandpostedthevideoonline.Itspread____28____andwassharedbymillionsofpeopleonsocialmedia.Therewerethousandsofcommentsanditwasquickly____29____bylocalnews.Escobarwasshocked.Soon,manycoacheshavecalledEscobar,____30____howtheycanparticipateinsimilarrunswiththeirteams.Andadogequipmentcompanyhas____31____newharnesses(背带牵引绳)totheshelter,sothedogscangoforamorecomfortablerun.Andtherewasmoregood____32____.Fred,whoranwithJosh,oneofthe14highschoolrunners,becamealuckydog—hisstoryhadthe____33____ending.Aftertherun,Joshconvincedhismomthattheirfamilyneededto____34____Fred.“Oncehewasjustthislittledogtrembling(颤抖)inametalcage,”Escobarsaid,“Andnowheisliving____35____withJoshandhisfamily.”21.A.switchingon B.turningoff C.lookingfor D.givingaway22.A.blamed B.combined C.deleted D.took23.A.idea B.concept C.belief D.ability24.A.assistants B.candidates C.employees D.students25.A.depend B.break C.count D.train26.A.disappointed B.enthusiastic C.competitive D.relaxed27.A.special B.frightening C.embarrassing D.gentle28.A.merely B.difficultly C.impossibly D.quickly29.A.demanded B.reported C.convinced D.founded30.A.inquiring B.commenting C.complaining D.grasping31.A.declared B.donated C.negotiated D.suspected32.