四川省内江市某中学2024-2025学年高二年级下册期中考试英语试题

英语

注意事项:1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）两部分；

2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置；

3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分1.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题

和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.WhatdoesthemanthinkofFlora?

A.Lovely.B.Beautiful.C.Scary.

2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?

A.Drivingacar.B.Crossingthestreet.C.Ridingabus.

3.Whywasthemanlate?

A.Hewasill.B.Hehadapoormemory.C.Hewasn'tinformed.

4.WhatdoesthewomanadviseJacktodo?

A.Learntoshare.B.ApologizetoWillie.C.Askforhelp.

5.Whenwillthewomanarriveattheofficetomorrow?

A.At10:00a.m.B.At9:00a.m.C.At9:30a.m.

第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个

选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个

小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

6.Howwillthemancelebratehisbirthday?

A.He'llgooutforameal.

B.He'llhaveaparty.

第1页/共23页

C.He'llplayputergames.

7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.

听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。

8.Whathappenedtothewoman'ssweater?

A.Itbecamedirty.B.Itbecamepink.C.Itbecamesmaller.

9.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?

A.Tothrowawaythelabel.

B.Tofollowtheinstructions.

C.ToseparatesweatersfromTshirts.

10.Whydidtheclothessmellbad?

A.Themanforgottowashthem.

B.Themandidn'tusewashingpowder.

C.Themandrycleanedthemimproperly.

听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。

11.WheredidthemanlearnaboutMarkBrown?

A.FromTV.B.Fromtheradio.C.Fromthe

newspaper.

12.WhatwasMarkBrownpraisedfor?

A.Savingpeoplefromtheflood.

B.Raisingawarenessoftheflood.

C.Donatingmoneytofloodvictims.

13.WhydidthewomanwanttowriteMr.Brownaletter?

A.Toaskhimformorehelp.

B.Toexpressheradmiration.

C.Toknowmoreabouthislife.

听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16题。

14.WhereistheGrandHotel?

A.Atthefirstcrossing.B.Oppositethepostoffice.C.NexttotheCentralBank.

15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofuphillwalk?

第2页/共23页

A.Ifsdifficult.B.It'sinteresting.C.It'seasy.

16.HowwillthewomanprobablygototheGrandHotel?

A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.

听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。

17.Wherewillthedonatedmoneygo?

A.Totheartdepartment.B.Tothesportsteams.C.Totheputerlab.

18.Howlongdoesthebookfairlastthisweek?

A.Twodays.B.Threedays.C.Fourdays.

19.Whoseclassishostingabakesale?

A.Mr.Gogh's.B.Mr.Black's.C.Mr.Smith's.

20.Whoistheannouncementintendedfor?

A.Parents.B.Students.C.Teachers.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

ALanguageProgramforTeenagers

WeletoTeenagersAbroad!Weinviteyoutojoinusonanamazingjourneyoflanguagelearning.

OurCourses

Regardlessofyourchoiceofcourse,you'lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.Our

StandardCourseguaranteesasignificantincreaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage,withfocusedteaching

inall4skillareas-speaking,listening,readingandwriting.

OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse,with10additionallessonsperweek,guaranteeingthe

fastestpossiblelanguagelearning.

Evaluation

Studentsareplacedintoclassesaccordingtotheircurrentlanguageskills.Themajorityofthemtakeanonline

languagetestbeforestartingtheirprogram.However,ifthisisnotavailable,studentssittheexamonthefirst

Mondayoftheircourse.

ArrivalsandTransfer

Ourprogramoffersthefullpackage-studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.

第3页/共23页

Theyarecollectedfromtheairportuponarrivalandbroughttotheiracmodationinfort.Werequirethe

student5sfullflightdetailsatleast4weeksinadvance.

Meals/Allergies（过敏）/SpecialDietaryRequirements

Studentsareprovidedwithbreakfast,dinnerandeitheracookedorpackedlunchwhichincludesasandwich,a

drinkandadessert.Weaskthatyouletusknowofanyallergiesordietaryrequirementsaswellasinformation

aboutanymedicinesyoutake.Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements,extramoneymaybe

neededforprovidingspecialfood.

1.HowdoesIntensiveCoursedifferfromStandardCourse?

A.Itislesseffective.B.Itfocusesonspeaking.

C.Itincludesextralessons.D.Itgivesyouconfidence.

2.Beforestartingtheirprogram,studentsareexpectedto.

A.takealanguagetestB.haveanonlineinterview

C.preparelearningmaterialsD.reporttheirlanguagelevels

3.Withthefullpackagetheprogramorganizerissupposedto.

A.informstudentsoftheirfullflightdetails

B.lookafterstudentsthroughouttheprogram

C.offerstudentsfreesightseeingtrips

D.collectstudents5luggageinadvance

【答案】l.C2.A3.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了青少年海外语言课程。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse,with10additionallessonsper

week,guaranteeingthefastestpossiblelanguagelearning.（我们的强化课程在标准课程基础上每周增设10课时,

确保语言学习效率最大化。）”可知，相比标准课程，强化课程包含每周增加的10节课。故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段"Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheir

program.（他们中的大多数需在课程开始前参加在线语言测试。）”可知，在课程开始前，学生需要参加语言

测试。故选A。

第4页/共23页

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段uOurprogramoffersthefullpackage一studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestart

throughtotheveryend.（本项目提供全流程无忧服务一一学员从抵达伊始到课程结束都将得到悉心照料。）”

可知，选择全包服务时，项目组织方应当全程照顾学生。故选B。

B

AtSeattle9sGarfieldHighSchool,adozen（十多个）basketballplayersarepracticing.Theseguystakethe

gameseriouslyatthisschool.AhalfdozencoacheskeepeveryonefocusedasGarfieldpreparesforaSaturday

playoffgame.InthemiddleofallthisisBrandonRoy,theformerNBAAllStarandGarfield'sgreatestplayer.

Royistheheadcoach.

Badkneesforcedhimoutofprobasketballwellbeforehistime.FouryearsafterhisforcedNBAretirement,

hebegancoachingatSeattle?sNathanHaleHighSchoolin2017withnobackgroundwhatsoeverandwonastate

championship.Hemovedtohisalmamater（母校）thefollowingyearandgotanotherstatetitlewithaoncebeaten

team."ReallythethingthatbroughtmetocoachingwasImissedbasketball,9,Roysaid.

Aftertaking2019offfromcoachingtodealwithpersonalissues,Royreturnedandhashisteampointedat

stateagain.Heownsa785coachingrecord.

Withhissuccess,othersfrequentlydiscusswhetherRoywantstomoveuptheranksashedidasaplayer."My

ultimategoalisnottocoachintheNBAbuttobuildarealstrongfoundationatmyalmamater.Idon'tfeel

challengedtomakeittothenextlevel.Ifeelchallengedrightheretomakeitatthislevel.

Aspracticeestoaclose,Roygathershisplayersaroundhimandhiscoachesandtheytalkaboutthegame

ahead.Beforeeveryoneheadshome,hehasthemshakehands.Playersandplayers.Coachesandplayers.Ifsa

showofrespectandtogetherness.

Mostly,hejustlistenedtohismotherandfollowedherinsightfuldirectiontobeeatopflightcoach.uMy

momgavemethebestadvice-shesaidkeepyourego（自我）outofit,“Roysaid.6<ShetoldmetoforgetwhatI

hadachievedintheNBAandbedowntoearth.ShetrustedthatI'dbeprettygoodatit.”

4.WhydoesBrandonRoyshowupatcourt?

A.Toprepareforagameasaplayer.B.Tocoachastudentbasketballteam.

C.Tolookforfuturebasketballplayers.D.ToselectformerNBAplayersasassistants.

5.WhathappenedtoBrandonRoyin2018?

A.Hewasbadlyinjured.B.Hewasforcedtoretire.

C.Heledateamtosuccess.D.Hegaveuphisbasketballcareer.

第5页/共23页

6.WhatisBrandonRoy'sfinalgoal?

A.GoingbacktotheNBAasaprofessionalplayer.

B.BeingaprofessionalcoachinanNBAteam.

C.Improvingthebasketballlevelofhisalmamater9steam.

D.Beingthegreatestbasketballplayerofhisalmamater.

7.WhatlessondidBrandonRoy'smothergivehim?

A.Trytotrustothers.B.Learnfromthebest.

C.Don'tbeetooproud.D.Nevergiveupondreams.

【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。因伤退役的NBA球星BrandonRoy完成了从明星球员到明星教练的完美蜕

变。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"InthemiddleofallthisisBrandonRoy,theformerNBAAllStarandGarfield's

greatestplayer.Royistheheadcoach.（在这一切的中间是布兰登罗伊,前NBA全明星和Garfield最伟大的球

员。罗伊是主教练）”可知，BrandonRoy作为主教练在球场上指导球员训练。故选B。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段**FouryearsafterhisforcedNBAretirement,hebegancoachingatSeattle'sNathan

HaleHighSchoolin2017withnobackgroundwhatsoeverandwonastatechampionship.Hemovedtohisalma

mater（母校）thefollowingyearandgotanotherstatetitlewithaoncebeatenteam.（在被迫退役四年后，他于2017

年开始在西雅图内森黑尔高中执教，没有任何背景，并赢得了州冠军。第二年，他搬到了母校，带领一支

曾经被击败的球队再次获得州冠军）”可知，BrandonRoy在2018年的时候带领母校球队拿到了州冠军。故

选C。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“MyultimategoalisnottocoachintheNBAbuttobuildarealstrongfoundationat

myalmamater.Idon'tfeelchallengedtomakeittothenextlevel.Ifeelchallengedrightheretomakeitatthis

level.（我的最终目标不是在NBA当教练，而是在母校打好坚实的基础。我不觉得要进入下一个阶段有什么

挑战。我觉得在这里达到这个水平是一种挑战）”可知，BrandonRoy最终的目标是提高母校篮球队的水平。

故选C。

【7题详解】

第6页/共23页

推理判断题。根据最后一段“"Mymomgavemethebestadvice一shesaidkeepyourego（自我）outofit,"Roy

said."ShetoldmetoforgetwhatIhadachievedintheNBAandbedowntoearth.ShetrustedthatI'dbepretty

goodatit."（“我妈妈给了我最好的建议一一她说不要自负，”罗伊说。“她告诉我要忘记我在NBA取得的成

就，要脚踏实地。她相信我会做得很好。可知，BrandonRoy的母亲告诉他不要自傲，要忘记过去取得

的成就，时刻保持谦逊，脚踏实地。故选C。

C

Acharmingthreestoryhomesitsatthecornerof10thandCenterstreetsontheGeorgiaInstiuteof

Technology（GeorginTech）campusinAtlanta.Fromtheoutside,itappearsjustlikeanyotherhome,butinside,

GeorgiaTechresearchersaretestinganddevelopingadvanceddevicestodeterminewhichcanmakethehomesafer

andsmarter-forolderadults.

Thehouseisactuallyalivinglab,calledtheAwareHome,andresearchconductedtherehasrevealed（显示）

manytophomerelatedconcernsamongolderadults——unattendedcooking,waterleftrunning,TVslefton...and

doorsleftunlocked.

Now,someinhometechnologiesareindevelopment-oronthemarket-toaddressthoseconcerns.

OnenewdevicecalledInirvReactconnectsyourstove（炉具）toasensorinyourhomeandasmartphoneapp.

Thesensorwillautomaticallyturnthestoveoffifitnolongerdetectsmovementaroundtheapplianceaftera

certainperiodoftime.Youcanalsoturnthestoveoffusingyoursmartphone.

Devicesofthefutureareexpectedtocollectandusedatetobeesmarter,accordingtoElizabethMynatt,a

professoratGeorgiaTech."Theywilllearnmoreaboutyourhabits,yourlikes,yourdislikes,yourroutines,when

you'remostlikelytoforgettotakeyourmedicine,whataretheaspects（方面）ofyourhealththatneedthemost

attention,9,shesaid.

Withanytechnology,""mostpeopleaskthatquestion'Howinvasive（侵扰的）isit?'.Butwhatwehearfrom

olderadultsisthattheyvaluethesecurityandthesafetythatthetechnologyprovidesforthem,^^Mynattsaid.

75yearoldAlbertBoletofAtlantathinksmostolderadultsaretypicallyreadytobringtechnologyintotheir

homes."Peoplehavethemisguidedimpressionthatseniorsareopposedtotechnology.^^saidBolet."Wedo

understandwirelesstechnology,andweunderstandhowthesethingswillmakethingseasier.Beingindependentis

mostimportantinthemindofanybodythatgetstobeourageorolder.^^

8.WhatistheAwareHome?

AAsmarthouse.B.Aresearchlab.

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C.Anursinghome.D.Asciencemuseum.

9.WhatwillInirvReactdowhenitsensesnomovementaroundastoveforlong?

A.Turnthestoveoffdirectly.

B.Giveoutawarningsound.

C.Activateasensorinthehouse.

D.Sendamessagetoaconnectedphone.

10.WhatwillfuturesmarthomedevicesbelikeaccordingtoMynatt?

A.Theywillprovidemedicaladvice.

B.Theywillbemorelikecaregivers.

C.Theywillbeemorepersonalized.

D.Theywillreplacecaregiversinmostcase.

11.WhatdidAtbertBoletsayaboutmostseniors?

A.Theyarewillingtousesmarthomedevices.

B.Theyfindithardtokeepupwithnewtechnology.

C.Theypreferasimplelifewithouttechnology.

D.TheyarebeingmoredependentontheInternet.

【答案】8.B9,A10.C11.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。在亚特兰大佐治亚理工学院，研究人员正在测试和开发一种先进的设备，以确

定哪种设备可以让老年人的家更安全、更智能。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"Fromtheoutside,itappearsjustlikeanyotherhome,butinside,GeorgiaTech

researchersaretestinganddevelopingadvanceddevicestodeterminewhichcanmakethehomesaferandsmarter

一forolderadults”从外表上看，它看起来和其他任何家庭一样，但在内部，佐治亚理工大学的研究人员正

在测试和开发先进的设备，以确定哪种设备可以让老年人的家更安全、更智能）”以及第二段“Thehouseis

actuallyalivinglab,calledtheAwareHome（这所房子实际上是一个生活实验室，名为AwareHome）"可知，

AwareHome是一个研究实验室，故选B项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段"OnenewdevicecalledInirvReactconnectsyourstove（炉具）toasensorinyour

homeandasmartphoneapp.Thesensorwillautomaticallyturnthestoveoffifitnolongerdetectsmovement

第8页/共23页

aroundtheapplianceafteracertainperiodoftime.（一种名为InirvReact的新设备连接您的炉灶连接到家中的

传感器和智能应用程序。如果传感器在一段时间后不再检测到电器周围的移动，它将自动关闭炉子）”

可知，当InirvReact长时间感觉不到炉子周围有任何东西移动时，它会直接关闭炉子，故选A项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段“Devicesofthefutureareexpectedtocollectandusedatetobeesmarter,according

toElizabethMynatt,aprofessoratGeorgiaTech."Theywilllearnmoreaboutyourhabits,yourlikes,yourdislikes,

yourroutines,whenyou9remostlikelytoforgettotakeyourmedicine,whataretheaspects（方面）ofyourhealth

thatneedthemostattention,"（佐治亚理工大学教授ElizabethMynatt表示，未来的设备有望收集和使用数据，

使其变得更智能。“他们会更多地了解你的习惯，你的好恶，你的日常生活，你最有可能忘记服药的时候，

你的健康最需要关注的方面是什么。可推理出，未来的智能家居设备将会变得更加个性化，故选C项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段^75—year-oldAlbertBoletofAtlantathinksmostolderadultsaretypicallyreadyto

bringtechnologyintotheirhomes.（亚特兰大75岁的AlbertBolet认为，大多数老年人通常已经准备好将技术

带入他们的家中。）”以及"Wedounderstandwirelesstechnology,andweunderstandhowthesethingswill

makethingseasier.Beingindependentismostimportantinthemindofanybodythatgetstobeourageorolder.（我

们确实了解无线技术，我们知道这些东西会让事情变得更容易。在任何与我们同龄或年长的人心中，独立

是最重要的。）”可推理出，AtbertBolet认为大部分老年人愿意使用智能家居设备，故选A项。

D

Ahoneybee'slifedependsonitsuccessfullyharvestingfromflowerstomakehoney.Decidingwhichflower

ismostlikelytooffernectar（花蜜）isincrediblydifficult.Innewresearchpublishedrecently,ourteamreportshow

beesmaketheseplexdecisions.

Wechallengedbeeswithafieldofartificialflowers,eachofwhichofferedatinydropofsugarsyrup.

Different-colored“flowers“variedintheirlikelihoodofofferingsugar.Weputtiny,harmlesspaintmarksonthe

backofeachbee,andfilmedeveryvisitabeemadetotheflowerarray.Wethenusedputervisionandmachine

learningtoautomaticallydrawandstudytherouteonwhichbeesflewthrough.Fromthisinformation,wefound

beesveryquicklylearnedtoidentifythemostrewardingflowers.Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorreject

aflower,butsurprisinglytheymadecorrectdecisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2

secondsonaverage.

Theresultsandwhatweexpectedarepolesapart.Usuallyinanimals,anaccuratedecisiontakeslongerthan

aninaccuratedecision.Thisiscalledthespeed-accuracytradeoff,whichhappensbecausedeterminingwhethera

第9页/共23页

decisionisrightorwrongusuallydependsonhowmuchevidencewehavetomakethatdecision.Moreevidence

meansamoreaccuratedecision,butgatheringevidencetakestime.Soaccuratedecisionsareusuallyslowand

inaccuratedecisionsarefaster.Butbeesonlyacceptedaflowerif,ataglance,theyweresureitwasrewarding.If

theyhadanyuncertainty,theyrejectedit.Theymighthavemissedsomerewardingflowers,buttheysuccessfully

focusedtheireffortsonlyontheflowerswiththebestchanceandbestevidenceofprovidingthemwithsugar.

Theonlyotheranimalsknowntobeatthespeedaccuracytradeoffarehumansandprimates.It'sindeed

amazingthatbeesseemedtobebreakingthisboundary.

12.Howdidresearchersgettheresultoftheexperiment?

A.Byobservingbeesinthewild.

B.Byanalyzingbees'flightpaths.

C.Bytestingbeesindifferentcolors.

D.Byparingbees5foodpreference.

13.Whatdidtheresearchfindaboutbees?

A.Theycouldtellartificialflowersimmediately.

B.Theyperformedbetterincertaincoloredflowers.

C.Theymaderightchoicesfasterthanthewrongones.

DTheymademorecorrectdecisionsthanotherspecies.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“polesaparf,inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Contrary.B.Reasonable.

C.Essential.D.Confusing.

15.Whydobeesbeatthespeedaccuracytradeoff?

A.Theyignoreuncertainties.

B.Theygatherevidenceveryfast.

C.Theystayontherighttrackwhileflying.

D.Theyadoptaspecialdecisionmakingmechanism.

【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究团队通过用人工花对蜜蜂进行实验，研究蜜蜂如何做出采蜜

决策，发现蜜蜂打破了速度准确性权衡这一现象。

第10页/共23页

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中"Wethenusedputervisionandmachinelearningtoautomaticallydrawand

studytherouteonwhichbeesflewthrough.Fromthisinformation,wefoundbeesveryquicklylearnedtoidentify

themostrewardingflowers.（然后，我们使用计算机视觉和机器学习自动绘制并研究蜜蜂飞行的路线。从这些

信息中，我们发现蜜蜂很快就学会了识别最有价值的花朵。）”可知，研究人员是通过分析蜜蜂的飞行路径

来获取实验结果的。故选B项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorrejectaflower,butsurprisinglythey

madecorrectdecisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2secondsonaverage.（它们迅速

评估是否接受或拒绝一朵花，但令人惊讶的是，它们在0.6秒内做出正确的决定，而错误的决定平均需要

1.2秒。）”可知，研究发现蜜蜂做出正确选择的速度比做出错误选择的速度要快。故选C项。

14题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Fromthisinformation,wefoundbeesveryquicklylearnedtoidentifythemost

rewardingflowers.Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorrejectaflower,butsurprisinglytheymadecorrect

decisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2secondsonaverage.（从这些信息中，我们发

现蜜蜂很快就学会了识别最有价值的花朵。它们迅速评估是否接受或拒绝一朵花，但令人惊讶的是，它们

在0.6秒内做出正确的决定，而不正确的决定平均需要1.2秒。）”和第三段中uUsuallyinanimals,anaccurate

decisiontakeslongerthananinaccuratedecision.Thisiscalledthespeedaccuracytradeoff,whichhappens

becausedeterminingwhetheradecisionisrightorwrongusuallydependsonhowmuchevidencewehavetomake

thatdecision.Moreevidencemeansamoreaccuratedecision,butgatheringevidencetakestime.Soaccurate

decisionsareusuallyslowandinaccuratedecisionsarefaster.（通常在动物中，准确的决策比不准确的决策花费

的时间更长。这被称为速度准确性权衡，之所以会这样，是因为判断一个决策是否正确通常取决于我们做

出该决策所拥有的证据量。更多的证据意味着更准确的决策，但收集证据需要时间。所以准确的决策通常

较慢，而不准确的决策则较快。）”可知，通常在动物中，准确的决策比不准确的决策花费的时间更长，但

蜜蜂的情况相反，它们做出正确的决定的时间更短。所以uTheresultsandwhatweexpectedarepolesapart.v

表示结果和我们预期的完全相反，"polesapart"意思是“相反的"，与“Contrary”意思相近。故选A项。

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Butbeesonlyacceptedaflowerif,ataglance,theyweresureitwasrewarding.If

theyhadanyuncertainty,theyrejectedit.Theymighthavemissedsomerewardingflowers,buttheysuccessfully

focusedtheireffortsonlyontheflowerswiththebestchanceandbestevidenceofprovidingthemwithsugar.（但

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蜜蜂只有在一眼就确定一朵花有价值时才会接受它。如果它们有任何不确定，就会拒绝它。它们可能错过

了一些有价值的花朵，但它们成功地将精力只集中在最有可能、最有证据能为它们提供糖分的花朵上。）”

可知，蜜蜂采用了一种特殊的决策机制，即只接受一眼确定有价值的花，有不确定就拒绝，这使得它们打

破了速度准确性权衡。故选D项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

TheScienceofRiskSeeking

Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthe

reward,theriskseemsworthtaking.16Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherest

ofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork?

Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risktakerswerebetterat

hunting,fighting,orexploring.17Asthequalityofrisktakingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothe

next,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.

Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisktakingcould

getonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstayinthecavetypes.Asaresult,humans

developedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.

18

Nomatterwhereyouareontheriskseekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreases

duringyourteenageyears.19Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.

Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.

20Fortheriskseekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebeesactive,whilefortherestofus,a

partofthebrainrelatedtofearbeesactive.

Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofriskseeking,we'llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesorthe

shallowendofthepool.

A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.

B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.

CBeingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.

D.Thus,thesewellequippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.

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E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.

F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.

G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.

【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.E20.G

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们喜欢冒险的来源和科学依据，人们都喜欢冒险，因为风险也意

味着回报，生活中人们喜欢做一些让别人意外和害怕的事，这和人的大脑有关.

【16题详解】

根据前文becausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking.当我们衡量风险和回报时,

风险值得去冒。根据后文Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.有些人喜欢做一

些让别人意外和害怕的事。也就是说衡量风险的标准每个人都可能不一样.故F选项“然而，我们并不是

都使用相同的参考标准来衡量风险和回报”与上文为转折关系，且承接下文。故选F。

【17题详解】

根据前文Risktakerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.喜欢冒险的人表现更优秀，这意味着他们

有更大的机会生存下去。故C选项“这意味着他们有更大的机会生存下去”承接上文。故选C。

【18题详解】

根据前文Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.也许你喜欢赛车，也许你不喜欢，这要依据你

的性格。故A选项"这要依据你的性格”承接上文。故选A。

【19题详解】

根据前文scientistssaythatyourWillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.科学家们指出冒险

的意愿在年轻时会不断强烈。根据下文Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornew

experiences.为了帮你实现那些，大脑会不断增加你对新的经历的渴望。而这些是在你离开家庭，走进一个

更大的世界的时候。故E选项”这些是在你离开家庭，走进一个更大的世界的时候”承接上下文。故选E。

【20题详解】

根据下文Fortheriskseekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebeesactive,whilefortherestofus,apart

ofthebrainrelatedtofearbeesactive.不同的人的大脑在处理快乐和恐惧时表现也会不一样。故前面应该

是说大脑的不同反应。故G选项“新的大脑研究表明，当我们面对紧张的情况时，我们的大脑会以不同的方

式工作”承接下文。故选G。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第13页/共23页

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

IgrewupinPaci