八年级下册英语三四五单元重要词汇短语

学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载Unit3WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?一词汇短语重点1从卧室里走出来get________2.起飞，脱下take_______3.跑掉，逃跑run________4.进来come______5.听说hear________6.发生take________7.在树上________8.地球______earth9在….的前面（内部）_____________10在….的前面（外部）__________11理发师店________12理发__________13睡得晚_________14购买纪念品____________15有一次不寻常的经历_________________16沿着这条街______________17多么奇怪__________18电视台_____________19售货员______20你在开玩笑_______________________21跳下____________22照相________23考虑，思考________24用尽用完__________25叫警察__________26金牌____________27历史上的重要事件____________28例如__________29最重要的事件之一____________30听说___________31沉默____________32发生____________33现代_______34世贸中心________35和—一样糟糕______36全世界_______37民族英雄___________38参观博物馆___________39骑自行车__________40太恐惧了___________41叫某人的名字______________42到处走___________43打电话报警_____________44第一次___________二重要语法知识------过去进行时1过去进行时表示过去某时刻正则进行或者持续进行的动作。Eg:Theywereplayingfootballat8:30lastSunday.2表示过去某一时间段正在进行或者持续的动作。Eg:ShewaswatchingTvfrom7:00to9:00lastnight.3表示以动作发生时，另一动作正在进行。（注意两个动作的事态区别）eg:ShewasreadingabookwhenIknockedatherdoor.4表示两动作同时正在进行，用while连接，强调同时性。Eg:Mymotherwascooking,whilemyfatherwaswashingclothesyesterdaymorning.

过去进行时态形式：由助动词be的过去式“(was/were)+动词的现在分词doing构成，其中was用于第一第三人称单数，were用于第二人称单复数和其他人称复数。

(1)肯定句为：主语+was/were+doing例句：IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.

(2)否定句:主语+was/were+not+doing例句：Iwasn'twalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.(3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+h主语+v-ing?例句：WereyouwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded?(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词（组）+was/were+主语+ving例句：WhatwereyoudoingwhenaUFOlanded?

(5)被动语态过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were)beingdone例句：Theclotheswerebeingwashedatthattime.(6)动词when和while的选择：when后加瞬间动词，while后加延续性动词。

例句：TheboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheUFOlanded.

=Whiletheboywaswalkingdownthestreet,theUFOlanded.(7)时间状语的用法：thistimeyesterday,昨天的这个时候。Atthattime在那时

(二)感叹句结构：(1)How+adj.+the+主语+谓语动词

=(2)What+(a/an)+[adj.]+n.+主语+谓语动词

例句：Whatabeautifulflower[itis]!=Howbeautifulthefloweris!

Whatbeautifulflowers[theyare]!=Howbeautifultheflowersare!

三：单项选择练习：1Myteacheroftensaysinclass,Let’s______inEnglish.AsayBtalkCspeakDtell2Ifyoudon’tfeelwell,youmayjust_____AstoppedreadingBstopreadingCstoppedtoreadDstoptoread3Whydidn’tyoucomeandopenthedoorforme,dear?---oh,sorry.I________inthekitchen.Ididn’thearyou.AcookedBwouldcookCwascookingDcouldbecooking4WhileI______(read),mymother___(wash)clothes.5Heiscrying.Doyouknowwhathappened____him6Therewillbealectureinanhour.Themeetingroom__________(crowed/full)_withpeople.Unit4HesaidIwashard-working一：重点词汇短语1观看肥皂剧__________2看电影3举办一场惊喜聚会4对…..感到生气5到我们家来学习_______________6不再__________________7带些饮料和零食_______________8reportedspeech=indirectspeech间接引语直接引语directspeech9首先________10

擅长_______11

besupposedtodosth.

_________

12begoodat__________13身体很好_________14变得紧张_____________

15besorrytosb_________16

克服___________17惊讶于____________18在某方面遇到苦难___________19打开____________20

照料；照顾___________21

感冒___________22年终考试____________

forgettodosth.忘记做某事（该事未做）

forgetdoingsth.忘记做某事（该事已做）23令人失望的结果____________________24做得更好____________25一个贫穷的山村_________-26听起来_____________27一名志愿者_____________28一天三次______________29没有区别__________-30一个好的起点_____________31教育部______________32改变某人的生活_________________33处于危险之中_____________

二语法学习（一）宾语从句在复合句中做主句的宾语。宾语从句应注意三点1选用引导词，陈述句用that，常常被省略；一般疑问句用if或whether(是否)，特殊疑问句用原句中的特问词。2主句和从句的时态要呼应。当主句为一般现在时时，从句可以用各种时态；当主句为一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态。3.从句用陈述句语序。即特问词+主语+谓语+其它。（可以这样记忆：特问词+人或物+做了什么或是什么（二）陈述句的宾语从句练习：把下列句子用Hesays做主句变成宾语从句1.Iwillhaveasurpriseparty.----Hesaysthat_________haveasurpriseparty.2.Youaremadatme.----Hesays_____________madatme3.Wewillpassonthemessage.----Hesays______________passonthemessage4.LiPingisgoodatmath.----HesaysLiPing________goodatmath5.Iamingoodhealth.----Hesays______________ingoodhealth用Hesaid做主句，把上述句子再做一遍，体会不同点。（三）一般疑问句的宾语从句，先用Heasks做主句，把下列句子变成宾语从句，再用Heasked做主句，把下列句子变成宾语从句Areyouaboy?----Heasks_______________aboy.----Heasked_______________aboy.Ishesixteen?-----Heasks_______________sixteen.---Heasked______________sixteenDoyougetupearly?---Heasks_______________upearly.Heasked_______________upearly.Isheplaying?-----Heasks_______________playing.Heasked_______________playing.Doesheplay?------Heasks_______________.-----Heasked_______________.Willyoucome?-----Heasks_______________----Heasked_______________Ishegoingtoplay?------Heasks_______________goingtoplay.Heasked_______________goingtoplay.如果从句叙述的是客观真理，用一般现在时，不受主句一般过去时的限制。Theteachertolduslightgoesfasterthansound..老师告诉我们光传播的比声快。Theteachertoldusthesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.老师告诉我们太阳在东方升西方落。（四）特殊疑问句的宾语从句，先用Heasks做主句，把下列句子变成宾语从句，再用Heasked做主句，把下列句子变成宾语从句1.Howoldareyou?Heasks_____________________.Heasked_____________________.2.Wheredoyoulive?Heasks_______________.Heasked_______________.3Wheredoeshework?Heasks_______________.Heasked_______________.4.Whatareyoudoing?Heasks_____________________.Heasked_____________________.5.Howisitgoing?Heasks_____________________.Heasked_____________________.6.Whenwillthebuscome?Heasks_________________________.Heasked___________________________.Unit5Ifyougototheparty,youhaveagreattime一：重要词汇和短语1玩得愉快（三种）havea____time=haveag_______time=enjoy______self

2aroundtheworld=allovertheworld_______________

3

makealiving谋生4allthetime

5

怎么了？6为了做某事

7makesb.dosth.使得某人做某事（to省略，该结构是一个不带to的不定式。）makesb.adj.使得某人……（加形容词）makesb.done使得某人被做

8为……而出名9befamousas

9inclass

10spend...(time/money)onsth.=spend...(time/money)indoingsth.花……（时间/钱）用于做某事

11seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）seesb.doingsth.看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）12拿走

say→said→said

tell→told→told

eat→ate→eaten

speak→spoke→spoken13岁末聚会________yearparty14半小时__________hour15Whenisagoodtimetodosth.?(翻译)16travelaroundtheworld______________17getaneducation___________18（翻译）Whichofthefollowingsentencesaretrue？19.让……进入______sb_____20.班级一半的学生____theclass21.嘲笑laugh______Don’tlaughatpeoplewhentheyareintrouble.不要嘲笑处于困境中的人。二词汇辨别1becomefamous变得出名，befamousfor因为……而出名，befamousas以……身份而闻名ChinaisfamousfortheGreatWallandpandas.中国因为熊猫和长城而闻名。LuXunisfamousasawriter.鲁迅以作家的身份而闻名。2toomuch,muchtoo,toomany的用法toomuch太多，修饰不可数名词，muchtoo很=very，toomany太多，修饰可数名词Don’ttalktoomuch.不要夸夸其谈。Itismuchtoohothere.这里太热了。Therearetoomanypeoplehere.这里的人太多了。3enoughtime/money/books/room/,足够的时间/金钱/书/空间,enough修饰名词时，位于名词前，wellenough,足够好bigenough,足够大old/good/hotenough足够老/好/热，enough修饰副词或形容词时，位于被修饰词之后4takeoff,脱下，起飞takeaway,拿走takeitaway拿走它5.findit+形容词+todosth,发现做……是……IfindithelpfultolearnEnglish.我发现学英语是有帮助的6.将会发生什么？What____________?三重点语法：(一)if引导的条件状语从句主句+if+条件状语从句

if+条件状语从句+[(comma)]+主句

注意：在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。

eg：You'llhaveagreattimeifyougototheparty.=Ifyougototheparty,you'llhaveagreattime.

重点：在if引导的宾语从句中，从句可以用一般将来时，而if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。（二）怎样区分if引导的句子是条件状语从句还是宾语从句？首先，从翻译上区分，if在句子中的意思是“如果”，为时间状语从句。If在句子中的意思是“是否”，为宾语从句。其次，条件状语从句可以把if引导的句子改写到句首，句意不变；而宾语从句则不可以改写或挪动位置，如果改写，句子的意思就变了。判断下列句子是宾语从句还是条件状语从句1.He