2024年江苏省张家港梁丰初中初三一模英语试题及答案

2023-2024第二学期初三英语第一次模拟练习一、完形填空(共小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Whatdoesthewordmean?Itwas1byErnstHaeckel,aGermanbiologist.joinedGreekwords:oikos,meaning"house,"andlogie,meaning"thestudyof."theymeanstudyofthehouse."The"house"Haeckelhadmindourhomeforalllivingthings-humans,animals,plants,andeventinymicrobes.2,Earth.Earthstudyahouselearnhowresidents(居民)useecologistascientistwhostudiesthebetweenorganisms(生物)andtheirenvironment.Theenvironmentansurroundings.Itgases,rocks,andtemperature.EcologistsalsostudythebalanceofusingtheenvironmentwhileprotectingAnecologistonceaskedaboyhethoughtmeantprotecttheenvironment.Theboysaid,intotheforestandlookforsomebodywhowantscutdownatree.awayhisaxe.tellhimabouthowtreesare.saytheyaregoodfornaturalsavingsoil,andgivingshelterbirdsandotheranimals.”3456“Goodsaidtheecologist,“7maynotbeeasyfindawoodcuttertalkto.Also,rememberthatsometimes8cutdownatree.Ifwecutdowntootrees,theforestwedon'tcutdownanytrees,wewon'tanyresourcesfromtheforest.havefindthe.”9it,”theboysaid.needtheforest'shavedesksornotebooksforschool.”10forwoodandpaperorwenot“Exactly—andschoolagoodplacelearnaboutaddedtheecologist."Thenknowhowprotectthenaturalenvironment."1.A.proved2.A.planet3.A.feeling4.A.pollute5.A.whoB.inventedB.buildingB.relationshipsB.controlB.whoseC.markedC.projectC.distanceC.includeC.whyD.acceptedD.surfaceD.competitionsD.reduceD.what6.A.wildB.commonB.andC.wealthyC.soD.importantD.or7.A.but8.A.comfortableB.tiringC.impossibleD.necessary9.A.mystery10.A.soilB.temperatureB.resourcesC.balanceC.landscapeD.symbolD.wildlife二、阅读理解（本题共15小题；每小题2分，满分分）ATherenothingwronghavinganaccent(口音).Infact,nativeEnglishspeakerscaredo.shouldfeelconfidentaboutyouraccent!Butasimproveyourlanguageabilities,losingyouraccentbesomethingstartedthinkabout.And,1you’reenteringtheworkforceanEnglishspeakingenvironment,importantyourpronunciationalevelthatnativespeakerscanunderstandwithouthere,we’relookingattipshelpsoundlikeanativeLearntheschwaskillfullySpeakslowlyandclearlycloseattentiongettingyourwordsoutclearlyandspeakingslowlyasWhenyourpronunciationcanspeedupyourspeakingspeed.Theschwaavowelwhichsoundslike“uh”.Englishspeakerspronouncemanyothervowelsoundsastheschwa.LearningwhenexchangethemcanyourEnglishsoundnatural.Use“He”and“She”correctlyMakesurethatcall“he”and“she”.Ifmixthemup,canbeconfusing(混淆的)foryourlistenersandagiveawaythatarenotanativetoneandrisetonefluentlyInEnglish,themeaningofwhatsaycanchangebasedonthewaysayMakesureworkonyourfallingandrisingtonessothatyourmeaningcommunicatedLearninghowsoundlikeanativespeakercanbeahardButsomethingyou’llhavedoonyourlanguagelearningwantimproveyourpronunciation,thetipsabovebeofgreatvalueyou.WhatshoulddoyourEnglishsoundmorenatural?A.SpeakslowlyandLearntheschwaUse“He”and“She”D.andriseyourtone12.thepurposeofthispassage?A.suggestwhatanativeEnglishspeakershoulddo.suggestwhatshoulddosoundlikeanativeexplainwhytherenothingwronghavinganaccent.D.explainwhyyourpronunciationalwaysofgreatimportance.13.Wherecanprobablyreadthispassage?A.anovel.Inanadvertisement.Inastorybook.D.Inamagazine.BSendingastronautsabigchallenge.Astronautshaveeverythingtheyneed,includingfood,airandTheroominsidethespaceshiptoolimitedholdthings.packingaspaceshipahugechallengeforaastronautsonaneight-monthneedatleast18,000kilogramsofwaterfordrinkingandwashing.They’llalsoneedwaterprotectthemselvesfromspacewhichcanpassthroughspaceshipwallsandharmastronauts’livingcells.Butalayerofwaterplacedaroundtheshipcanstoptheharm.2alotofAndsendingwaterintospacetooexpensive.Itcosts$33,000sendonecupofwaterThemoretake,themorecosts.havethetechnologybuttheproblemthattooexpensive.ButFlynn,anengineeratthinkshehasawayofsolvingtheproblem.Insteadofbuildingaheavyspaceshipandpackingfullof(物料),whynotusetheaspartofthespaceship?Imagineaspaceshipthatblowsupaballoon.Inside,thewallshavelikeabighoneycomb(蜂巢).Theseholdlotsofplasticbagsfilleddriedfoodandalgae(水藻).thesehardwallsandgreatradiation(辐射)protection.Andstoppingradiationinfluencethefoodorwatersafeeatanddrink.Andwhatthewatercouldbereusedagainandagain?Flynnandhisteamcalltheirpacked-pocketideaMakingoxygenandtakingaway—thewastebreatheout—isanotherproblemspace.away2thewaydonehereonourEarth—withlivingplants,”Flynnsays.LivingplantsCO2theirfood,andoxygen.“Plantsarehardaspacecraft,soweusealgae,”hesays.AlgaearetinyplantsthatliveThealgaelivebagsthewallstoo,fedbyhumanwasteandsunlight,eatingup2andmakingoxygenfortheastronautsbreathe.Flynnthinkshisonboardrecyclingsystemhasmanyadvantages.Hehopeshelpflyingarealitysoon.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“packingaspaceship”paragraph1probablymean?A.repairingthingsaspaceshipcheckingthingsaspaceshiprecyclingthingsaspaceshipD.puttingthingsintoaspaceshipWhattheadvantageofsystem?A.Costsaved.Plasticbagsaresaved.saved.D.Foodsaved.WhatonepurposeofideaofA.preventspaceduringthespacetrip.controlthetemperaturethespaceship.Whyarealgaeputtheplasticbags?thewholespaceshipD.producewaterthespaceship.A.preventwaterfrombeingpolluted.provideoxygenforastronauts.serveasfoodforastronauts.D.helpotherplantsaspaceshipCJordanhadhisonascoringrecord.Jordantookadeepbreathashestoodthelookingatthebasketballcourt.MaybetodayI’llhethought.Theyouthbasketballleaguewasholdingacelebration.championshipmarked50yearssincethefirst(冠军争夺赛).Beforethegame,Jordanlookedoveraspecialprogram.Itlistedthewinnersofeachchampionshipandthetopscorers.Jordanstoppedwhenhereadtheofthetopscorerfroma30yearsbefore.“Devin,look!”hesaidhisfriend,seewhohastheall-timerecord?dad!points.Buthenevertoldthat.”points,”Devinsaid.great.”bestwas19points.HewasthetopWhenhisparentsshowedupattheJordanbroughttheprogramoverdadlaughed.“Ihadquiteathathesaid.lookatthescore.Iprefertradeallpointsforawin.”Jordannoticedthathisteamhadlostbyonepoint.3“Thatwasagreatgroupofteammates,”Dadsaid.“I’mfriendsalotofthem.”AsJordanslappedhandshisteammateandthenstartedwarmup.ThecourtsfilledupJordanfeltstrangelyHe’dplayedsomanygamesthisthatwaslikehisownhome.JordanhadledhisteamavictoryovertheLionslastseason.Whytodaybelikethat?Jordanevenconfidentwhenhehitthefirst2shots(投篮).TheLionscalledabreak.Jordanranthebenchandjumpedupanddownexcitement.“Greatstart,”Coachsaid.“Butthosearetough.They’llbackonHewashalftime,theLionshadpulledahead,27-24.Jordanlookedupathisparents.dadnoddedandcalled,“Greatwork!”ButJordanfeelquiteasconfidentashehadbefore.Theteamstradedbasketsthroughoutthesecondhalf,neitherbuildingalead.Elevensecondsleft.Thescoreboardwasclear:51.BADGERS51.CoachtoldJordanbringtheballupthecourt.“LookforDevininside,buttheshotyou’reopen,”hesaid.Jordanglancedathisdadagain.dadpointedJordan,thenheldupfingersononehandandthreefingersonthe“Me?”Jordanmouthed.Dadnodded.Jordanhadscored23points.Anotherbasketwouldbreaktherecord.AndwasthedoJordanranright,thenleft,buthewasalongwayfromthebasket.Theviewersstartedcountingtheseconds.three...two.”Jordanroseshoot.AstheLionsrushedtowardhim,hepassedtheballDevin—wideopennearthebasket.Devinturnedandshot.Theballfellcleanlythroughthenetforthewinningpoints.Jordanshouted.Aftercelebratinghisteam,heranhughisparents.havetherecord,”hetoldhisdad.Dadsmiled.havesomethingimportant.Achampionship.Andgreatteammates.Congratulationsonyourhistory!”Whichofthefollowingtrueaccordingthearticle?A.teamthechampionship30yearsbefore.Acelebrationwasheldmarkthefiftiethtitlegame.JordanpassedtheballhisteammateDevinthegame.D.Jordancelebratedtheteamforhiscongratulations.Whichthecorrectorderofthethingsbelow?a.Jordanranhughisparentsafterthecelebration.b.parentsshowedupatthec.Jordanlookedoveraspecialprogram.d.DadpointedJordanandhelduphisfingers.e.Jordanstartedwarmupforthegame.A.c-b-d-e-ac-b-e-d-ab-c-e-d-aD.b-c-d-e-aFromthepassagewecanseeJordan________.A.stayedcalmforthevictoryovertheLionslastseasonconfidentforhisfirst2shotsbecameexcitedabouttheLions’callingabreakD.feltproudofhisbasketballcareerthebesttitleofthispassage?4A.celebrationrecordencouragementD.historyDScientistswhostudyhappinesshaveevidence(证据)showthatbeingkindotherscanresulthappiness.Actsassimpleasbuyingacupofcoffeeforsomeonecanamoodforexample.Everydayfullofchancesforsuchactions,peopledonotalwaysthemostofInstudies,behavioralscientistNicholasEpleyandIexaminedapossibleexplanation:peoplewhodoactsunderestimate(低估)howmuchtheonesreceivingkindnessvaluetheirIntheexperiments(实验),about1,000peoplewereaskeddoactionssomeoneelsefeelgood.askedboththepersonperforming(执行)theactandtheonereceivinganswerquestions.Theperformerswereaskedreporttheirownexperienceandguesshowthereceiversfeel.wantedunderstandhowvaluablepeopleconsideredtheseactsbe,soboththeperformerandreceiverhadrate(评分)how“big”theactseemed.allcases,wecomparedtheperformer’sexpectationsofthereceiver’smoodthereceiver’sactual(实际的)experience.one,bothperformersandreceiversexperiencedpositive(积极的)moods.thereceiversfeltmuchbetterthantheperformersexpected.Thereceiversalsoratedtheseactsas“bigger”thanthepeopleperformingthemdid.Atfirst,westudiedactsofthekindnessdoneforfamiliarpeople,suchasfriends,classmatesorButwefoundthatperformersunderestimatedtheirpositiveinfluencesonstrangersaswell.Inoneexperiment,performersapublicparkgaveawayhotchocolateonacolddaypeoplethatjusthappenedbeAgain,theactbroughtmorehappinessthantheperformersexpected.ThesefindingssuggestthatwhatseemsmallcouldmatteragreatdealthepersonwedoConsideringthesewarmactionscanimproveourownmoodandbrightenthedayofanotherperson,whynotchoosekindnesswhenwecan?Whatdidthereceiversdotheexperiments?A.Theyshowedkindnessothers.Theyguessedtheperformers’feelings.Theyratedhowvaluabletheperformers’actofkindnesswas.D.Theycomparedtheperformers’expectationstheiractualresults.Whatparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Differentpurposesoftheresearch.evidencefortheresearchresults.Possibleinfluencesoftheresearchfindings.D.Anotherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.Whattheattitude(态度)towardsshowingkindnessothers?A.Supportive.Doubtful.D.Uninterested.25.Whatthemainideaofthisarticle?A.Beingkindcanreducehappinessasexpected.Kindnesscanhaveunexpectedlypositiveinfluences.Choosingkindnessmoredifficultthanexpected.D.Showingkindnessmorevaluablethanreceiving三、还原信息（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）peoplewantothersbetheirfriends,buttheyfriendshipback.Thatwhyfriendshipslastlong.26mustlearntreatyourfriendthe5waywantyourfriendtreatyou.Learningbeagoodfriendmeanslearningthreerules:behonest;begenerous;beunderstanding.Honestywhereagoodfriendshipstarts.FriendsmustbeabletrustoneIftellthetruth,peopleusuallyfindout.Ifafriendfindsoutthatbeenhonest,mayloseyourtrust.27Generositymeanssharingandsharingmakesafriendshiphaveyourlunchmoneyoryourclothes,ofcourse.Insteadhavelearnhowsharethingsyourhobbiesandinterests.Naturallywantshareyourideasandfeelings.28.Theytellyourfriendwhatimportantyou.sharingthemhelpyourfriendknowSoonerorlatereveryoneneedsunderstandingandhelpaproblem.Somethingmaywrongatschool.abouttheproblemcaneasiersolve.29beafriendlistenandunderstand.putyourselfyourplacesocanunderstandtheproblem30Butalltruefriendshipshavethreethingscommon.plankeepyourfriendships,mustpracticegenerosityandunderstanding.Ahaveafriend,mustlearnbeone.．Afriendneedafriendindeed.．NofriendshipsareeverexactlyDafriendcanbeafirststepsolvingtheproblem.．Thesecanbevaluableafriend.．mustkeepourfriendships.GGoodfriendsalwaystrustoneanotherspeakandact四、单词拼写（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分）31.Thatboyoften(表扬)byhisteacherclass.32.likesplaythebuthisbrother33.helpedthelittleoutofbigfirehis(更喜欢)playthepiano.(勇气).34.They(挖掘)deeperanddeeperbutfoundnothing.35.Chinahasbecomestrongerthanbefore.areall_________ofour36.—Whynotbuyanewmobilephone?hopeso.ButIcan'ta_________37.a________thelawafterdrinkwine.38.cansee_________ontheright.五、选词填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）meanhelpfulbrushwiserunoutDoknowthatthefreshwaterneedwaterstayaliveandweusewater3940fasterthanwecanreplace,weuseupsoon.neededforjustabouteverythingwedo.needwash,providewateranddrink.wealldie.weshouldallwaterwewantstayalive.Usinglesswaterare42tips.41savingmoneyandSavingwaterHereshortershowersandonlyhalfthebath.6thetapwhilewashyourhandsoryourteeth.anytapsorhoses(软管)thatdripbecauseeverydropcounts!六、短文填空（本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分分）Movingthe()oftheheartWhentalkingaboutthehistoryoftheguqin,afamousperformeroftheancientzither(古筝),likestellafolkstoryaboutthesincerefriendshipbetweenamusicianandhisbiggestfan.D____44____theSpringandperiod,therewasamusiciannamedBoya.Helivedaloneaforestwhereheoftenplayedtheguqin.Oneapassingwoodcutter,ZhongZiqi,wasattractedbythesoundsoftheancientzitherandstopped____45____.Itwasthebestthatheonceheard.playingcreateddifferent46picture）mind,suchascloudsflowingandwaterfallsfalling.Theygoodfriends.Afteryears,whenZhongZiqipasseddecidedneverplaytheguqinagainbecauseheknewthathehaveanyoneethepowerebetweenperformingandlistening,”whenwetalkabout47likeZhongsotrulyunderstandhismusic.48thedeepestfeeling,theguqinbecomestheconnection49(tradition）Chineseculture,theancientwhichwasplayedbymanyfamouspeopleonliterature,surelythecenteroftheancientculture.”Indeed,theguqin,apopular50(music)instrumentofancienteducatedgroup,wasalsothefavoriteinstrumentofConfucius(孔子).In2008,was51(add)theoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybyUNESCO.InApril,whenPresidentXiJinpingMacron,aclassicguqinpiece,MountainandFlowingwasplayedcelebratethefriendshipbetweenthe53(country).Theinstrumentnotonlyshowsthepastgreatness52(meet)FrenchPresidentEm