专升本英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷19

专升本英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷19

一、阅读理解（本题共25题，每题1.0分，共25分。）

Duringastateofdeeprelaxation,severalphysiologicalchangestakeplacein（hebody:

thebody'soxygenconsumptionisreduced;theheartbeatdecreases;muscletensionand

sweatingease,andthereisdecreasedsympatheticnervoussystemactivity.Thisrestful

statenotonlyallowsthebodytorepairandrestoreitself,butalsohasacalmingeffecton

theconsciousness.Howtoachievethisstateofrelaxation,however,isamatterof

opinion,andinsomemedicalcircles,amatterofcontroversy.ArecentreportbyDr.

DavidHolmesoftheUniversityofKansasinthejournal"Americanpsychologist"said

thatsimplesittinginanarmchairhasjustasmanybeneficialcharacteristicsforthebody

asmeditationdocs.Researchersofotherrelaxationtechniquesdisagree.Theseexperts

believethatmorestructuredtechniques,suchasmeditation,leadtoaconditionofdeep

relaxation.Thedebategoeson,butonethingappearstobeclear;therelaxationresponse

canbereachedbyanumberofmethods,andthemethodsthemselvesarenotasimportant

asgettingthere.Oneday,onemethodmayworkbest;onanotherday,analternative

methodmaybemoreappropriate.Onceyouareawareofallthemethods,youcanfind

theonethatworksbestforyou.Someoftherelaxationtechniquesaremeditation,

autoanalysisandprogressivemusclerelaxationresponsethanjustsittingquietlyina

chair,theyhavetheaddedbenefitofstructureanddiscipline,andforthesereasonsappear

tobemoreeffectiveformostindividuals.

1、Thepassageindicatesthatastateofdeeprelaxationisnotonlygoodforone'sbody,

butalsobeneficialto.

A、heartbeat

B、consciousness

C、muscletension

D^sympatheticnervoussystem

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由第一段最后一句话“butalsohasacalmingeffectontheconsciousness”

可知正确答案为B。

2、Peopleseemtoagreethat.

A^sittinginanarmchairbenefitsapersonasmeditationdoes

B、whatpeoplearestrugglingforisastateofdeeprelaxation

C、toachieveastateofdeeprelaxationispossiblethroughvariousmeans

D^structuredconsciousnessrelaxationtechniquesaremorebeneficialforaperson

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由第三段第一句话“…butonethingappearstobeclear：the

relaxation...anumberofmethods”可知正确答案为Co

3、Inthethirdparagraph,thephrase"geningthere"mostprobablymeans.

A^arrivingatone'sdestination

B、gettingwhatonewantsmost

C、reachingastateofdeeprelaxation

D、findingoutasuitablerelaxationtechnique

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由短语所在的那句话“themethodsthemselvesarcnotasimportantas

gettingthere”可知短语所指为“t知methods",即“findingoutasuitablerelaxation

technique”，故D正确。

4、Asfarasrelaxationisconcerned,theauthorindicatesthat.

A、aimsarcmoreimportantthanmeans

B、meansaremoreimportantthanaims

C、somerelaxationtechniquesarebetter（hanothers

D^moreandmorepeopleareinterestedinrelaxationtechniques

标准答案：A

知识之解析：由倒数第二段的内容可知方法是多种多样的，而目标只有一个。所以

相比之下目标更重要一些。可知A项正确。

5、Theauthor'sattitudetowardrelaxationisbestdescribedas.

A、critical

B、objective

C、optimistic

D^subjective

标准答案：B

知识点解析：作者对于“放松”这一生理状态的描述应该是客观的，由第二段所描述

的不同人的不同见解为例就可说明这一点。

Itseemsclearthatliteraturehasbecomemoreandmoreafemaleactivity.Inbookstores,

atconferencesorpublicreadingsbywriters,andeveninuniversitydepartments

dedicatedtothehumanities,thewomenclearlyoutnumberthemen.Theexplanation

traditionallygivenisthatmiddle-classwomenreadmorebecausetheyworkfewerhours

thanmen,andsomanyofthemfeelthattheycanjustifymoreeasilythanmenthetime

thattheydevotetofantasyandillusion.Iamsomewhatallergic（反感的）toexplanations

thatdividemenandwomenintofrozencategoriesandattributetoeachsexits

characteristicvirtuesandshortcomings;butthereisnodoubt:hattherearcfewerand

fewerreadersofliterature,andthatamong（hesavingremnani（乘余）ofreaderswomen

predominate.Thisisthecasealmosteverywhere.InSpain,forexample,arecentsurvey

organizedbytheGeneralSocietyofSpanishWritersrevealedthathalfofthatcountry's

populationhasneverreadabook.Thesurveyalsorevealedthatintheminoritythatdoes

read,thenumberofwomenwhoadmittedtoreadingsurpassesthenumberofmenby6.2

percent,adifferencethatappearstobeincreasing.Iamhappyforthesewomen,butIfeel

sorryforthesemen,andforthemillionsofhumanbeingswhocouldreadhuthave

decidednottoread.Theyearnmypi（ynotonlybecause（heyareunawareof（hepleasure

thattheyaremissing,butalsobecauseIamconvincedthatasocietywithoutliterature,or

asocietyinwhichliteraturehasbeenrelegated—likesomehiddenvice—tothemargins

ofsocialandpersonallife,isasocietycondemnedtobecomespirituallybarbaric,and

eventojeopardize（破坏）ilsfreedom.Iwishtoofferafewargumenlsagainsliheideaof

literatureasaluxurypastime,andinfavorofviewingilasoneofthemostprimaryand

necessaryundertaldngsofthemind,anineplaceableactivityfortheformationofcitizens

inamodemanddemocraticsociety,asocietyoffreeindividuals.Itseemsclearthat

literaturehasbecomemoreandmoreafemaleactivity.Inbookstores,atconferencesor

publicreadingsbywriters,andeveninuniversitydepartmentsdedicatedtothe

humanities,thewomenclearlyoutnumberthemen.Theexplanationtraditionallygivenis

thatmiddle-classwomenreadmorebecausetheyworkfewerhoursthanmen,andso

manyofthemfeelthattheycanjustifymoreeasilythanmen（hetimethattheydevoteto

fantasyandillusion.Iamsomewhatallergic（反感的）toexplanationsthatdividemenand

womenintofrozencategoriesandattributetoeachsexitscharacteristicvirtuesand

shortcomings;butthereisnodoubtthattherearefewerandfewerreadersofliterature,

andthatamong（hesavingremnant（剩余）ofreaderswomenpredominate.Thisis（hecase

almosteverywhere.InSpain,forexample,arecentsurveyorganizedbytheGeneral

SocietyofSpanishWritersrevealedthathalfofthatcountry'spopulationhasneverread

abook.Thesurveyalsorevealedthatintheminoritythatdoesread,thenumberof

womenwhoadmittedtoreadingsurpassesthenumberofmenby6.2percent,a

differencethatappearstobeincreasing.Iamhappyforthesewomen,butIfeelsorryfor

theseincii,andforthemillionsofhuiiianbeingswliocouldreadbuthavedecidednotto

read.Theyearnmypitynotonlybecausetheyarcunawareofthepleasurethattheyarc

missing,butalsobecauseIamconvincedthatasocietywithoutliterature,orasocietyin

whichliteraturehasbeenrelegated—likesomehiddenvice一（othemarginsofsocialand

personallife,isasocietycondemnedtobecomespirituallybarbaric,andevento

jeopardize（破坏）itsfreedom.Iwishtoofferafewargumentsagainsttheideaofliterature

asaluxurypastirnc.andinfavorofviewingitasoneofthemostmimaryandnecessary

undertakingsofthemind,anirreplaceableactivityforthefo门nationofcitizensina

niodcrnanddemocraticsociety、asocietyoffreeindividuals.

6、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

A^Womenreadlessthanmen.

B、Readingbecomesmoreandmorefcmale-ccntcrcd.

C、Mostliteratureaimsatwomen.

D^Women'scharacteristicsleadtotheirhobbyofreading.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第一段第一句"Itseemsclearthatliteraturehasbecomemoreand

nioreafenialeactivity.”可知，B项正确0A项勺原文意思相反，根据第一段第三句

”...middle-classwomenreadmorebecause...”可知,应把"more"换成"fbwer”；C项属

无中生有；D项有一定迷惑性，但characlerislics一词用得过于宽泛，文中也没有

直接的信息可以推断出是女人们的性格导致了她们读书的喜好。

7、Theauthorconsidersiradiiionalexplanation.

A^logical

B、notconvincing

C、notinteresting

D、totallytrue

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由题干关键证"explanation”定位至第一段第四句"Iamsomewhat

allergictoexplanationsthatdividemenandwomenintofrozencategoriesandattributeto

eachsexitscharacteristicvirtuesandshortcomings…”由此可见，作者不相信传统的解

释，即认为传统解释没有说服力，故选B。

8、TheauthorcitestheexampleofSpaininorderto.

A^explain(hereasonswhyliteratureismoreafemaleactivity

B、showwomenalwaysdevotethetimetofantasyandillusion

C^illustratethephenomenonthatliteratureismoreafemaleactivityexistinginnearly

eveiycountry

D、showhowilliteratetheSpanishpeopleare

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由题干关键诃'Spain”定位至第二段前两句叮hisisthecasealmost

everywhere.”这里的ihecase即指第一段第一句的内容，因而选C项。A项具有一

定的迷惑性，但是表述没有C项全面；B项虽然在文中都有提及，但是和题干关系

不大；D项更非作者本意，故排除。

9、What'stheauthor,sattitudetowardsthepeoplewhodon'tread?

A、Pitiful.

B、Angry.

C、Agreeable.

D、Allergic.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由题干关键说“whodorTtread”定位至第二段最后一句“…Ifeelsorry

forthesemen,andforthemillionsofhumanbeingswhocouldreadbuthavedecidednot

toread.”答案在第一段。其中“sorry”和“pitifiil”意思相近,故选A。D指的是作者

反感的是将男女生硬地区分对待的解释，不合题意；B、C和这句话中所透露的作

者的态度相差太远，故排除。

10>hcanbeinferredfromPara.3that.

A^asocietywhichlacksliteratureisanidealsociety

B、ifasocietylacksliterature,(hefreedomcannotbeguaranteed

C、literatureisaluxurypastime

D、literatureisnotanecessityinademocraticsociety

标准答案：B

知以点解析：本题就第三段进行提问。由该段中“…isasocietycondemned...to

jeopardizeitsfYeedom”可判断，B是正确的。A不符合事实；由该段倒数第二行“as

oneofthemosl...mind”可知，读书是一种基本需求，而不是奢侈的娱乐，故排除

C：由该段倒数第一、一.行"...anirreplaceableactivity...democraticsociety”可知，文

学对于民主社会来说是必需的，故排除D。

IntheUnitedStatestoday,nearlyhalfofusliveinareasthatwerefertoasthesuburbs.

Anydictionarywilldefinethesuburbsasthoseareas,usuallyresidential,thatlieoutside

citiesandtowns.But,formillionsofAmericansin(helastthirtyyears,(hesuburbshave

come(omeanmuchmorethan(hat.Forthosewhomovedtothedevelopingsuburbsafter

(heSecondWorldWar,(heyrepresentedanescapefromurbancongestiontoahomeof

one'sown—preferablyonewithanattachedtwo-cargarageonalittlehalf-acreoftree-

shadedland.Italsomeantdailycommunicationtoworkbyrailroadorexpressway,a

lawniomow,andamongagetopayoffoveriheyear.Nobodyapprovesoflifeinihe

suburbsbutthepeoplewholivethere.Urbancitiesarguethatsuburbanitesenjoyallthe

cultural,educational,andcommercialadvantagesthatcitiesofferwithoutpayingfor

them.Farmersworryaboutlosingtheirfarmstouncontrolledsuburbansprawl.The

suburbshavealsobeencriticizedforthemonotonoussamenessoftheirdesignandfor

theirabilitytoinsulatetheirinhabitantsfromtheproblemsoflargersocietyinwhichthey

live.Ontheotherhand,defendersofthesuburbsarguethatthelife-stylethattheyofferis

morevariedandmoreinclusivethanthecriticsadmit;therearcmanydifferentkindsof

suburbsandavarietyofpeoplelivinginthem.Whilethedevelopmentofthesuburbshas

createdproblems,italsohasprovidedsubstantialmodernhousingformillionsofpeople.

Suburbanlivingoffersthebestoftwoworlds—thecityandthecountry—atapricethat

manyarcabletoafford.Manypeoplewillalwayspreferthehecticpaceandexcitement

oflifeinthecity,whileotherswillwant(hemoretranquilpaceoflifeinthecountry.But,

forthoseineithercityorcountrywhoarewillingtocompromise,thesuburbsare

waiting.

11>Evidenceinthethirdparagraphsuggestedthat.

A^suburbanareasarefullydeveloped

B、farmersareunconcernedaboutsuburbansprawl

C、suburbaninhabitantsenjoyactivesociallifethere

D、educationalstandardsinthesuburbsarenotlowerthanthoseinthecities

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由文章第三段可知，郊区居民也可以享用一切文化、教育和商业设

施，这说明他们各方面的生活水准并不比城市居民低，而选项D所说的教育水准

就是其中一个方面。

12、Thestrongestargumentagainstthesuburbsisthat.

A、suburbanitesenjoytheadvantagesofcitylifewhilepayingforthem

B、suburbsareallthesame

C、suburbsarefaraway

D、suburbshavealotofspace

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由题干关键词against可知，本题是对郊区生活的批评。文章第三段

第四句Thesuburbshavealsobeencriticizedforthemonotonoussamenessoftheir

designandfor(heirabilitytoinsulatetheirinhabiiamsfrom(heproblemsoflarger

societyinwhich(heylive.谈到，郊区生活因其单调、千篇一律而受到批评。

13、Whatcanwelearnaboutthesuburbanlife?

A、Dailycominunicationdoesn'tcharacterizethesuburbanlife.

B、Suburbansloveapartmentliving.

C、Homeownershipisadreamforthesuburbans.

D、Mortgagepaymentfeaturesthesuburbanlife.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第二段最后一句Italsomeantdailycommunicationtoworkby

railroadorexpressway,alawntomow,andamortgagetopayoffovertheyear.讲

到了郊区生活的特点，其中就包括要偿付住房贷款。

14、Whatcanwelearnfrom(hefourthparagraph?

A^Manydifferentkindsofpeopleliveinthesuburbs.

B、Thestyleofsuburbanlifeissimilartothatofurbanlife.

C、Suburbandevelopmenthasreducedmanyproblems.

D、Suburbandevelopmenthasdestroyedtheenvironment.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从文章第四段可知郊区风格各异，居民也是形形色色。

15、Thebesttitleforthispassageis.

A、BoringCommuters

B、HowtoPayoffaMortgage

C、LifeintheSuburbs

D、UrbanCongestion

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本文讲述了郊区生活的定义、特征和相关的争议及其优势，因此把

“郊区生活”作为本文的题目最恰当。

Itseemsclearthatliteraturehasbecomemoreandmoreafemaleactivity.Inbookstores,

atconferencesorpublicreadingsbywriters,andeveninuniversitydepartments

dedicatedtothehumanities,thewomenclearlyoutnumberthemen.Theexplanation

traditionallygivenisthatmiddle-classwomenreadmorebecausetheyworkfewerhours

thanmen,andsomanyofthemfeelthattheycanjustifymoreeasilythanmenthetime

thattheydevotetofantasyandillusion.Iamsomewhatallergictoexplanationsthat

dividemenandwomenintofrozencategoriesandattributetoeachsexitscharacteristic

virtuesandshortcomings;butthereisnodoubtthattherearcfewerandfewerreadersof

literature,and(halamongthesavingremnanl(剩余)ofreaderswomenpredominate.This

isthecasealmosteverywhere.InSpain,forexample,arecentsurveyorganizedbythe

GeneralSocietyofSpanishWritersrevealedthathalfofthatcountry'spopulationhas

neverreadabook.Thesurveyalsorevealedthatintheminoritythatdoesread,the

numberofwoincnwhoadinilludtoreadingsurpassesthenuii.bcrofmenby6.2pcruuiil,

adifferencethatappearstobeincreasing.Iamhappyforthesewomen,butIfeelsorry

forthesemen,andfor(hemillionsofhumanbeingswhocouldreadbuthavedecidednot

toread.Theyearnmypitynotonlybecausetheyareunawareofthepleasurethattheyare

missing,butalsobecauseIanconvincedthatasocietywithoutliterature,orasocietyin

whichliteraturehasbeenrelegated—likesonichiddenvice-tothemarginsofsocialand

personallife,isasocietycondemnedtobecomespirituallybarbaric,andevento

jeopardize(破坏)itsfreedom.Iwishtoofferafewargumentsagainsttheideaof

literatureasaluxurypastime,andinfavorofviewingitasoneofthemostprimaryand

necessaryundertakingsofthemind,anirreplaceableactivityfortheformationofcitizens

inamodernanddemocraticsociety,asocietyoffreeindividuals.

16、According(o(hepassage,which01thefollowingstatementistrue?

A、Womenreadlessthanmen.

B、Readingbecomesmoreandmorefemale-centered.

C、Mostliteratureaimsatwomen.

D、Women'scharacteristicsleadtotheirhobbyofreading.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第一段第一句"Itscctnsclearthatliteraturehasbecomeinorcand

moreafemaleactivity.”可知，B项正确。A项与原文意思相反，根据第一段第三

句”...middle—classwomenreadmorebecause...”可知，应把“more”换成“fewer"；C

项属无中生有；D项有一定迷惑性，但characteristics一词用得过于宽泛，文中也

没有直接的信息可以推断出是女人们的性格导致了她们读书的喜好。

17、Theauthorconsiderstraditionalexplanation.

A、logical

B、notconvincing

C、notinteresting

D^totallytrue

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由题干关键词"explanation”定位至第一段第四句"Iamsomewhat

allergictoexplanationsthatdividemenandwomenintofrozencategoriesandattributeto

eachsexitscharacteristicvirtuesandshortcomings…''由此可见，作者不相信传统的解

释，即认为传统解释没有说服力，故选B。

18、TheauthorcitestheexampleofSpaininorderto.

A^explainthereasonswhyliteratureismoreafemaleactivity

B、showwomenalwaysdevote(hetimetofantasyandillusion

C、illustratethephenomenonthatliteratureismoreafemaleactivityexistinginnearly

everycountry

D、showhowilliteratetheSpanishpeopleare

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由题干关键词“Spain”定位至第二段前两句"Thisisthecasealmost

everywhere.”这里的Ihecase即指第一段第一句的内容，因而选C项。A项具有一

定的迷惑性，但是表述没有C项全面：B项虽然在文中都有提及，但是和题干关系

不大；D项更非作者本意，故排除。

19、What'stheauthor^attitudetowardsthepeoplewhodon'tread?

A、Pitiful.

B、Angry.

C、Agreeable.

D、Allergic.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由题干关键词“whodon,tread”定位至第二段最后一句“…1feelsorry

forthesemen»andforthemillionsofhumanbeingswhocouldreadbuthavedecided

notioread.”答案在第一段。其中“sorry”和“pitiful”意思相近，故选A。D指的是作

者反感的是将男女生硬地区分对待的解释，不合题意；B、C和这句话中所透露的

作者的态度相差太远，故排除。

2。、ItcanbeinferredfromPara.3that.

A^asocietywhichlacksliteratureisanidealsociety

B、ifasocietylacksliterature,thefreedomcannotbeguaranteed

C、literatureisaluxurypastime

literatureisnotanecessityinademocraticsociety

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题就第三段进行提问。由该段中“…isasocietycondemned…lo

jeopardizeitsfreedom”可判断，B是正确的。A不符合事实;由该段倒数第二行“as

uiicofllicmosl...iiiiiid''RT»读书是种基本需求，而不是奢侈的娱乐，故排除

C；由该段倒数第一、二行”...anirreplaceableactivity…democralicsociety”可知，文

学对于民主社会来说是必需的，故排除D。

Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseea

dayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandonedandallowedtorust.

Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.Theyholdthatthecarwill

remainaleadingmeansofurbantravelintheforeseeablefuture.Themotorcarwill

undoubtedlychangesignificantlyoverthenext30years.Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,

andmoreeconomical,andshouldnotbepoweredbythegasolineengine.Thecarofthe

futureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.Regardlessofitspower

source,theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficcongestion（拥

挤）.Oneproposedsolutiontcthisproblemistheautomatedhighwaysystem.Whenthe

autoentersthehighwaysystem,aretractable（可伸缩的）annwilldropfromtheautoand

makecontactwitharail,whichissimilartothosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically.

Onceattachedtotherail,thecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystem,and

controlofthevehiclewillpasstoa