山西大学附属中学2025届高三下学期第十次模拟诊断 英语试题（含解析）

2025届山西大学附属中学高三下学期第十次模拟诊断英语试题一、阅读理解FallisoneofthebesttimestovisitEuropebecauseofthevastvarietyofintereststheseasoncancaterto.Ifyou’rereadyforadifferenttakeonEuropethisfall,we’vegotideas.●Alentejo,PortugalTheDouroValley,knownfortheproductionofportwine,istheobviousautumnchoiceinPortugal.ButheadinsteadtotheAlentejoregion,Portugal’sruralheartland.Here,youcanseeRomanremainsinitsUNESCO-protectedcapitalEvora,goonaroadtripthroughpeacefulcountrysideplantedwithcorktreesandolivegroves,andenjoythewildcoast.●RomaniaSpendingHalloweenat“Dracula’scastle”isjustoneofthereasonstoconsidervisitingRomaniainautumn,whichoffersvolunteertripsthatmightseeyouhelpingconservationeffortswithrescuedbearsinBrasov.Inadditiontoautumn’schangingleaves,theseasonmarksthestartofallkindsoffoodieevents.●Thessaloniki,GreeceFallisconsideredagreattimetovisitThessaloniki,Greece’sgatewaycitytotheBalkans,notforitsbeachesbutforitsrichJewishhistory.Thecityisalsoknownforitsflavorfulanddiversefoodscenes.Travelerscanembarkonanadventure,enjoyinglocaldelicacies,includingbougatsa,loukoumades,andfreshseafoodfromtheAegeanSea.●MaltaTheMediterraneanarchipelagoofMalta—consistingofthreeinhabitedislands,Malta,GozoandComino—isanothersummertimeoventhatbecomesfarmorepleasanttovisitoncetemperaturesdrop.MaltaisalwayspopularwithscubadiverswhoexplorethemanyWorldWarIIshipwreckslyingoffshore,aswellastheBlueHole—a50-foot-deeptube-likerockformationfilledbythesea,withanarchwayandcaveatitsbottom.1．WhowouldbeattractedtoAlentejoandThessaloniki?A．Historyenthusiasts. B．Beachlovers. C．Foodies. D．Environmentalists.2．WhatdoweknowaboutMaltafromthetext?A．It’sinhabitedbyvariouswildlife. B．It’sextremelyhotinthesummer.C．It’scomposedoftwoislands. D．It’sknownfordifferent-sizedcaves.3．What'sthepurposeofwritingthetext?A．ToexplainwhyautumnisagoodseasontovisitEurope.B．TorecommendEuropeandestinationsforautumnescapes.C．ToprovideaguideonsomeuniquetoursaroundEurope.D．Tocompareautumntravelwithtravelduringotherseasons.OnewetNovembereveninginthelate1960s,amarriedcouplenamedMauriceandMaralynBailey—heahot-metaltypesetter,sheataxofficer—hitontheideaofescapingtheirdull,suburbanlivesbysailingtoNewZealand.WiththeproceedsfromthesaleoftheirDerbybungalow,theyboughta31-footBermudaboat,whichtheynamedAuralyn(acombinationoftheirnames).TheyfinallysetsailacrosstheAtlanticinJune1972—havingdecidedagainstbuyingaradiotransmitter(信号发射机),asMauricewantedtosail“byhiswitsandthestars”.Allwentwellforthefirstninemonths,butthenonemorning,300mileseastoftheGalápagos,a40-footwhaleroseupundertheirboat,andcrackedaholeinitshull.AsSophieElmhirstrelatesinher“superb”debut,MauriceandMaralyn,thecouplegrabbedafewessentialsandclimbedontoaninflatableraft(充气筏)fromwhichtheywatchedAuralynbeing“silentlyswallowed”.Onthisinadequatevessel—toosmallforeitherofthemtoliedownin—theywouldspendthenext117days.AttheheartofMauriceandMaralynisan“astonishing”taleofendurance.Oncethecouple’sfoodranout,theysurvivedintheraftbyeatingrawseaturtlesandsmallsharks,caughtwithafishingrodmadefromsafetypinsandcord.Dysentery(痢疾),dehydrationandnear-starvationfollowed.WhileMaurice,a“glass-half-emptytypeofman”,quietlyresignedhimselftodying,Maralynremainedoptimistic,whichsparkedMaurice’swilltolive.ThecouplewereeventuallypickedupbyaSouthKoreanshippassingby.Alongwithits“man-versus-the-elementssurvivalaspect”,Elmhirst’sbookis“alsoalovestory”,saidFrancescaAngeliniinTheSundayTimes.Shetracesthecouple’smarriage—bothhowitledthemintotheirPacificadventure,andhowitwaschangedbywhattheywentthrough.It’saremarkablestorythathadbeenallbutforgotten.4．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“proceeds”inparagraph1?A．Purchases. B．Expenses.C．Gains. D．Contracts.5．Whatdoweknowaboutthecouple’ssail?A．Theyusedaradiotransmitterforthefirstninemonths.B．Theyabandonedtheraftdamagedbyawhale.C．Starvationfollowedwhentheboatsank.D．Survivalskillscontributedtotheirsurvival.6．WhatwasMauricelikeaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Pessimistic. B．Ambitious.C．Modest. D．Unconfident.7．Whatkindofwritingisthetext?A．Anewsreport. B．Abookreview.C．Ajournal. D．Abiography.KingShahryar,betrayed(背叛)byhiswife,decidestomarryanewwomaneachnightandhaveherkilledbymorningtoensureheisneverbetrayedagain.Scheherazadevolunteerstomarrytheking.Eachevening,shebeginsanengagingstorybutstopsatdawn,leavinghimeagerformore.Nightafternight,shekeepshimattractedwithnewtales,andover1,001nights,thekingfallsinlovewithherandabandonshiscruelways.ThisancienttalefromOneThousandandOneNightshighlightsstorytelling’simpact.Ourrecentresearchshowsthatstrongstorytellingskillscandramaticallyimprovesomeone’swell-being.Atitscore,storytellinghelpspeoplefindmeaningfromlife’schaos.Studiesshowweshapeouridentitiesbyturningexperiencesintopersonalstories.Skilledstorytellersexcelattwokeyskills:theyneedtoconnecteventslogicallyandtheymustlearntoseetheworldthroughtheeyesoftheircharacters,understandingthe“why”ofwhatdrivespeople.Applyingthesetwoskillstotheirownlives,skillfulstorytellersusethefirsttoidentifyandpursuewhatgivestheirlifemeaning,whiletheseconddevelopsamindsetthatprioritizesthe“why”behindtheiractionsoverjustthe“how”.Toillustratethispoint,weconductedstudieswith800participants.Wemeasuredstorytellingabilitythroughself-reports,friendevaluationsandexpertreviewsonlabexperimentswhereeachparticipanttoldonestoryabouthimselfandtheotherwiththreegivenrandomwords.Inadditiontotheseassessmentsofstorytellingskills,weaskedparticipantsquestionstogetasenseofhowmeaningfultheyfoundlifeandwhethertheyapproacheddecisionswitha“why”mindsetratherthana“how”mindset.Resultsconsistentlylinkedstorytellingskillstostrongerlifemeaningandgoalclarity.Personalityalsomattered:peopleopentonewexperiencescollectedmoreinterestinglifestories,whileshypeopleusedstorytellingtobalanceouttheirlimitedsocialinteraction.Astrong“why”mindsetconnectswithreducedstressandextendedlife.Storytellingalsobuildssocialconnections.Byhelpingpeopleexpresstheirpurposeandbuildrelationships,storiesmayindirectlystrengthenbothmentalandphysicalhealth.Storytellingworkshops,nowpopularglobally,maydomorethanteachcommunicationtheycouldhelpparticipantsredefinetheirlife’sdirection.8．WhydoestheauthormentionScheherazade’sstoriesinthefirstparagraph?A．ToshowScheherazade’scleverness. B．Toentertainreaderswithaclassictale.C．Tointroducethetopicofstorytelling. D．Tocompareancientandmodernstories.9．Whatdoesthe“why”mindsetprimarilyfocuson?A．Completingdailytasksefficiently. B．Avoidingstressfulsituations.C．Memorizingrandomlifeevents. D．Understandinglife’spurpose.10．Whatwereparticipantsaskedtodointhelabexperiment?A．Sharepersonalinterestsinagroup.B．Tellastorywithwordsprovided.C．Reflectonthe“why”behindtheiractions.D．Connecteventsintoameaningfulstory.11．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Scheherazade’sSurvivalinanAncientTaleB．HowPeople’sStorytellingAbilitiesDevelopC．LivingaMeaningfulLifethroughStorytellingD．WhyShyPeopleAttendStorytellingWorkshopsNietzsche(尼采)waswrong:Whenyougazelongenoughintotheabyss(深渊),theabyssdoesnotgazebackintoyou.Instead,thecosmicvoid(空洞)remainssilent,relentlessandfrighteninginitsvastness.Whenlookingatthevastuniverse,thereisatemptation(诱惑)tolookatourtinyworldwithnihilism,feelingthatourgreatachievementsamounttonothing,thatourhistoryfailstoleaveamark,andthatourconcernsandanxietiesarepointless.I’macosmologist,thekindofscientistwhostudiestheorigin,historyandevolutionoftheuniverse.Ihavespentmycareerresearchingonespecialpartoftheuniversecalledcosmicvoids:thevastexpansesofnothingthatstretchbetweenthegalaxies.Mostofouruniverseisvoid—somewherearound80percentofthevolumeofthecosmosismadeofnothingatall.Ihavespentyearsworkingtounderstandwhatcosmicvoidsteachusaboutthewideruniverseanditsdowry.Andinthecourseofmystudies,Ihavelearnedtorejectthattemptation.It’struethatEarthisneitherlargenorlong-lived,butthatisonlyonewayofmeasuringsignificance.Comparedwiththecosmicvoids,thereissomethingspecialhappeningonourplanet.Earthisstilltheonlyknownplaceintheentireuniversewhereconsciousbeingsraisetheircuriouseyestotheskyandwonder.Earthistheonlyknownplacewherehumanscanexist.Itistheonlyknownplacewherelaughter,love,angerandjoyexist.Theonlyknownplacewherewecanfinddance,music,andart.Ourdisagreementsandallthebeautifulcomplexitiesthatmakeushumanaren’tmeaningless.Theexperiencesinourlivesarespecialbecausetheywillneverhappenintheemptyexpanseofmostoftheuniverse.Thesamelessonsthatcosmicvoidsteachusarefoundinthevoidsweencounterinourownlives.Thepresenceofvoidsguaranteestheopposite;theycreatecontrast;theyarefullofpotential.Thepainwefeelfromlossisthelastreminderofthegiftofalifedeeplyloved.Thesilencebeforeaperformanceisfullofelectricexpectation.Ourchoicetoignorestressfulnewsisnecessarytoallowustofocusonwhattrulymatters.Artistshavelongunderstoodthepowerofthevoid.The12th-centurypoetSaigyonotedthatthepausesbetweenraindropswereasimportantasthedropsthemselves.ThefamedarchitectRemcelebratedtheutilityofnegativespaces,proclaiming,“Wherethereisnothing,everythingispossible.”Theuniversewon’tdoanythingforusexceptgiveusthefreedomtoexist.Itisourjobtofilltheuniversewithmeaningandpurpose.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword

“nihilism”inParagraph2mean?A．Hope. B．Admiration. C．Emptiness. D．Purpose.13．Whydoestheauthorrejectthetemptation?A．Becauseheisacosmologistwhobelievesscience.B．BecausehethinksEarthisspecialasitissmallandshort-lived.C．Becausehethinkshumanexperiencesdifferfromthoseinvoids.D．BecausehethinksEarthistheonlyplaceforhumanexperiences.14．What'stheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph5?A．Toreflectonhowvoidsenrichourlives.B．Toshowhowpaincanbecreatedfromloss.C．Toclaimthatvoidsserveasobstaclestohumangrowth.D．Toargueemotionalvoidsshouldbefilledformoresignificance.15．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ListeningtotheAbyss:NietzscheRevisitedB．QuestioningtheBeliefinHumanSignificanceC．BeyondtheStars:TheScienceofCosmicVoidsD．FindingMeaninginVastSilenceoftheUniverseTheArtofGivingCompliments(称赞)Complimentscreateapositiveimpact,upliftingboththegiverandreceiver.Let’sstartliftingeachotherupmoreoftenwithencouragingwords.Oneimportantaspectofgivingcomplimentsistoacknowledgethesmallthingsinlife.Youdon’tneedtowaitaroundforsomebigachievementtoofferacomplimenttosomebody.Ifit’ssomethingreallyobvious,they’veprobablybeencomplimentedonitplentyoftimesbefore.16Whatmayseemunimportanttoyoumightmeanalottosomebodyelse.Likesomebody’sjacket?Letthemknow!Impressedwithsomeone’shandwriting?Tellthem.Additionally,whengivingcompliments,it’scrucialtobespecific.Ifyouwanttoencouragepositivechangeinsomeone,givethemspecificcompliments.Themorespecificyourcomplimentsare,themorelikelytheyaretocontinuethepositivebehavior.Thishelpsthemidentifywhatthey’redoingright.Forthisreason,childrenwhogrewupwithparentswhogavethemalotofgeneralpraise,“You’resosmart!”or,“You’resospecial!”tendtofeellostinadulthood.17Anotherkeyelementintheartofcomplimentingissincerity.Complimentsthatareclearlyinsincerewon’twinyouanypoints.18Ifapersonknowsyou’relying,thatwilldestroytheirtrustinyouandde-valueyourfuturecompliments.So,alwayskeepinmindthathonestyisthebestpolicywhenitcomestogivingcompliments.19Non-presentcomplimentsarethoseyouyourselfofferaboutsomeoneelsewhenthey’renotaround.Repeatingthemalwaysworkswonders.Forexample,Iwasrecentlytalkingtomybrotheraboutworkingontheblog.ImentionedhowIreallyadmireKate’sdeterminationtofinishanarticleonatightdeadline,evenifitmeansstayingupallnighttodoit.WhenIgothome,Itoldheraboutthatconversation.20A．Katethankedussincerely.B．Katesaiditreallymeantalot.C．Infact,they’llhavetheoppositeeffect.D．Soofferyouradmirationforthesmallstuff.E．At-presentcomplimentsareequallyimportant.F．Theyhaven’tlearnedtorecognizetheirtalents.G．Repeatingnon-presentcomplimentsisalsovaluable.二、完形填空EveryNewYear’sDay,Ihavealittletradition.Ibuyareallynice21withbeautifulpictures,motivationalquotesandstickersto22appointmentsandevents.I23ittomyrefrigeratorbecauseIwilllookatitdaily,putevery24onitandshowmykidsthemonthsanddays.Nothing25apapercalendarwhenyouwanttoteachyourchildrentobeawareofwhat’s26.Afterthecalendargoesup,Iwillprepareourownplannerswithchildren.Aplannerisabookwhichislikea(n)

27ofyourcalendar,withaseparatespacetowriteeverythingyouhavetodoeachday,ina28mannerthanacalendar.Usingaplannerhelpsyou29withyourweeklytasks,suchasprojects,meetings,appointmentsandevents.Besidesthetwowaystomapoutourdays,thereisanotheronetostay30.Preplanningwillhelpyoutostayonestepaheadandkeepthings31,sobeforeanythinghappens,you’llbe32.IfIgiveapresentationatwork,Icanstayonestepaheadbybringingafew33copiesorpensincasesomeofmycoworkersforgettheirs.Developingtimemanagementabilitywiththe34wehaveatourfingertipsproperlywillmakeourlives35andhelpustobesuccessful.21．A．calendar B．agenda C．schedule D．journal22．A．confirm B．outline C．keep D．cancel23．A．address B．present C．return D．attach24．A．suggestion B．clue C．appointment D．flag25．A．beats B．confuses C．benefits D．transforms26．A．pickingup B．goingon C．missingout D．breakingdown27．A．reminder B．collection C．innovation D．extension28．A．moredetailed B．lessflexible C．moreintelligent D．lessaccessible29．A．cometoanagreement B．endinatie C．stayontheball D．cutofftheconnection30．A．calm B．awake C．committed D．organised31．A．underguarantee B．inorder C．onwatch D．offguard32．A．fully-recovered B．open-minded C．well-prepared D．light-headed33．A．fair B．original C．genuine D．extra34．A．tools B．technologies C．data D．softwares35．A．value B．flow C．unfold D．collapse三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。March14isrightaroundthecomer,andmathlearnersknow36thatmeans.It’sPiDay,aholidayhonoringoneofmath’smostfamousconstants(常量):pi.Thenumberpi,orπ,isequaltothecircumference(圆周长)ofacircle37(divide)bythecircle’sdiameter(直径).Thatcomesouttoabout3.14159.Thisistrueforcirclesofallsizes,from38(penny)topizzastoplanets.Pi’svalueisoftenroundedto3.14.That’swhyPiDay39(celebrate)onMarch14.It’salsowhyoneEarth-sizedplanetorbitinganotherstarevery3.14daysisnicknamed“PiEarth.”Buttheexactvalueofpiis40(actual)impossibletowriteout.Lastyear,a41(power)computercalculatedpitorecord-breaking62.8trillion(万亿)figures.Andin2005,one23-year-oldusedclevermentaltrickstorecitenearly68,000ofthosefiguresfrommemory.Noone,though,willevergetto42endofpi.Historiansaren’tsurewhenpeoplefirst43(discover)theconceptofpi.Butit’sbeenknowninsomeform44almost4,000years.AncientGreeksandBabyloniansknewestimatesofit.TheEgyptiansmayhaveusedpi45(build)thepyramids.Andstilltoday,piisusedinjustaboutallmathinvolvingcircles.四、书信写作46．假定你是李华，外教Mr.Chuck发现你的作文完全由AI生成，判为不及格。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：(1)承认错误；(2)做出许诺；(3)补救措施。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearMr.Chuck,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenJudywasyounger,shethoughtthathergrandmotherwasthebestcookintheentireworld.Everytimeshevisitedhergrandmotherwithherfamilyshewouldbetreatedtolotsofdeliciousfood—butteryshortbreadcookiesandplatesofcrispycheesecrackerstosnackon;pilesofpancakesforbreakfast;goldenfriedchickensandthick,heartysoupsfordinner.Noonewouldeverleavehungryorsadwhentheyvisitedgrandmother’shouse.But,asJudygrewolder,shestartedtonoticethathergrandmotherhadbeguntocooklessandless.Thecomplicatedmealsgrewsimpler,andthevisitstohergrandmother’sbeautifullife-filledhomegrewfewer.Eventually,Samantha’sparentstoldherthetruth:hergrandmotherhadarthritis(关节炎)inherhands,whichmeantitwastoopainfulforhertocooktheelegantdishes.“Whydon’twevisitgrandmotherandjustgetfoodfromarestaurant?”sheasked.Itseemedtohertoocrueljusttovisitwhenhergrandmothercouldcookforthemandtopaynovisitwhenhergrandmotherwassick.Herparentssmiled,appreciatingtheirdaughter’skindheart,andtoldhertheyhadsuggestedthisbuttheideahadbeenrejected,“Yourgrandmotherlovescooking.Itsaddenshertoberemindedthatshecan’tshareherfoodanymorebecauseofherillness.”Judytoldherparentssheunderstood,butshesilentlydeterminedtofindawaytohelp.Afewweekslater,Judystoppedbyhergrandmother’shousetodeliversomegroceries.Asshecarefullyputawaytheboxesandcansinthekitchencabinets,Judydiscoveredsomethingshehadneverseenbefore.Sittingononeofthehighestshelveswasasmallwoodenbox.Hercuriosityaroused,Judytooktheboxdownfromtheshelfandopenedthelid.Insidewerehundredsofindexcardsandoneachonewasahand-writtenrecipe(食谱)!Herhandsshakingwithexcitement,Judyflippedthroughthecards.Sherecognizedallofhergrandmother’sclassicrecipes—thecookies,thepancakes,thesoups.Theywereallhere!注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Judyknewnowwhatshewoulddotocheerhergrandmotherup._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Judysmiledathergrandmother,whowaslookingatthesceneinsurprise._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案【答案】1．A2．B3．B【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了秋天是游览欧洲的最佳时节之一，并推荐了几个秋季欧洲旅游目的地。【详解】1．推理判断题。根据Alentejo,Portugal标题下“ButheadinsteadtotheAlentejoregion,Portugal’sruralheartland.Here,youcanseeRomanremainsinitsUNESCO-protectedcapitalEvora,goonaroadtripthroughpeacefulcountrysideplantedwithcorktreesandolivegroves,andenjoythewildcoast.(但还是去Alentejo地区吧，这里是葡萄牙乡村的中心地带。在这里，你可以看到联合国教科文组织保护的首都埃武拉的罗马遗迹，在种植着软木树和橄榄林的宁静乡村进行公路旅行，享受野性的海岸)”以及Thessaloniki,Greece标题下“FallisconsideredagreattimetovisitThessaloniki,Greece’sgatewaycitytotheBalkans,notforitsbeachesbutforitsrichJewishhistory.(秋天被认为是游览希腊巴尔干门户城市Thessaloniki的好时机，不是因为它的海滩，而是因为它丰富的犹太历史)”可知，对历史感兴趣的人会被Alentejo和Thessaloniki吸引。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据Malta标题下“TheMediterraneanarchipelagoofMalta—consistingofthreeinhabitedislands,Malta,GozoandComino—isanothersummertimeoventhatbecomesfarmorepleasanttovisitoncetemperaturesdrop.(地中海的马耳他群岛由三个有人居住的岛屿组成——马耳他岛、戈佐岛和科米诺岛——是另一个夏季酷热的地方，一旦气温下降，这里就会变得更加宜人)”可知，马耳他在夏天非常热。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“FallisoneofthebesttimestovisitEuropebecauseofthevastvarietyofintereststheseasoncancaterto.Ifyou’rereadyforadifferenttakeonEuropethisfall,we’vegotideas.(秋天是游览欧洲的最佳时节之一，因为这个季节可以满足各种各样的兴趣。如果你已经准备好在这个秋天对欧洲有一个不同的看法，我们有一些想法)”以及下文对几个秋季欧洲旅游目的地的推荐可知，本文的写作目的是推荐欧洲秋季旅游目的地。故选B。【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．B【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要评论了有关莫里斯和玛丽莲・贝利夫妇航海遇险及靠生存技能求生和其婚姻的故事的一本书。【详解】4．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“WiththeproceedsfromthesaleoftheirDerbybungalow,theyboughta31-footBermudaboat,whichtheynamedAuralyn(acombinationoftheirnames).(用他们卖掉在德比郡的小平房的proceeds，买了一艘31英尺长的百慕大帆船，并将其命名为“奥拉琳”（取自他们两人名字的组合）。)”可知，此处proceeds指的是卖房的收入，即“收益”，与Gains“收益”意思相符。故选C。5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Oncethecouple’sfoodranout,theysurvivedintheraftbyeatingrawseaturtlesandsmallsharks,caughtwithafishingrodmadefromsafetypinsandcord.(一旦这对夫妇的食物耗尽，他们就在筏子上靠吃用安全别针和绳子做成的鱼竿捕获的生海龟和小鲨鱼存活下来。)”可知，他们运用自己制作鱼竿捕鱼等生存技能得以存活下来，说明生存技能有助于他们的生存。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“WhileMaurice,a“glass-half-emptytypeofman”,quietlyresignedhimselftodying,Maralynremainedoptimistic,whichsparkedMaurice’swilltolive.(而莫里斯，一个“看事情总往坏处想的人”，默默地听天由命，准备迎接死亡，而玛丽莲却始终保持乐观，这也激发了莫里斯活下去的意志。)”可知，莫里斯是个悲观的人。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Alongwithits“man-versus-the-elementssurvivalaspect”,Elmhirst’sbookis“alsoalovestory”,saidFrancescaAngeliniinTheSundayTimes.(弗朗西丝卡・安杰利尼在《星期日泰晤士报》上称，除了其“人类与自然环境抗争的生存元素”之外，埃尔姆赫斯特的这本书“也是一个爱情故事”。)”可知，本文是对埃尔姆赫斯特所写关于莫里斯和玛丽莲・贝利夫妇海上遇险求生经历书籍的评论。故选B。【答案】8．C9．D10．B11．C【分析】这篇文章是一篇说明文。主要探讨了讲故事能力对个人幸福感和生活意义的积极影响，并结合研究数据分析了其背后的心理学机制。【详解】8．推理判断题。根据第二段“ThisancienttalefromOneThousandandOneNightshighlightsstorytelling’simpact.Ourrecentresearchshowsthatstrongstorytellingskillscandramaticallyimprovesomeone’swell-being.(这个出自《一千零一夜》的古老故事彰显了讲故事的影响力。我们最新的研究表明，出色的讲故事能力能显著提升一个人的幸福感。)”可知，作者引用舍赫拉查德（Scheherazade）的故事是为了引出“讲故事”这一主题，后文内容均围绕讲故事的作用展开。故选C项。9．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Applyingthesetwoskillstotheirownlives,skillfulstorytellersusethefirsttoidentifyandpursuewhatgivestheirlifemeaning,whiletheseconddevelopsamindsetthatprioritizesthe“why”behindtheiractionsoverjustthe“how”.(将这两种技能运用到生活中时，娴熟的讲故事者会运用第一种技能来发现并追寻生命的意义，而第二种技能则能培养一种思维方式——这种思维更关注行为背后的“为什么”，而不仅仅是“怎么做”。)”可知，“为什么思维”关注的是做某行为背后的目的和意义是什么。故选D项。10．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Wemeasuredstorytellingabilitythroughself-reports,friendevaluationsandexpertreviewsonlabexperimentswhereeachparticipanttoldonestoryabouthimselfandtheotherwiththreegivenrandomwords.(我们通过三种方式评估参与者的叙事能力：自我报告、朋友评价，以及在实验室实验中的专家评审——实验中每位参与者需要讲述两个故事：一个是关于自己的亲身经历，另一个则需运用三个随机提供的词语进行即兴创作。)”可知，实验要求参与者用给定词语编故事。故选B项。11．主旨大意题。全文以舍赫拉查德（Scheherazade）的故事开篇，重点讨论讲故事如何帮助人们找到生活意义（第三段）、研究结果（第四至六段）及其对心理健康的益处（第七段）。“通过讲故事过上有意义的生活”能概括全文核心，适合用作标题。故选C项。【答案】12．C13．D14．A15．D【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者从研究宇宙空洞出发，指出地球独特，人类经历有意义，应在宇宙寂静中赋予其意义与目的。【详解】12．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Whenlookingatthevastuniverse,thereisatemptation(诱惑)tolookatourtinyworldwithnihilism,feelingthatourgreatachievementsamounttonothing,thatourhistoryfailstoleaveamark,andthatourconcernsandanxietiesarepointless.(当我们凝视浩瀚的宇宙时，有一种以nihilism看待我们这个微小世界的诱惑，觉得我们的伟大成就毫无意义，我们的历史未能留下痕迹，我们的担忧和焦虑都是毫无意义的。)”可知，划线词nihilism表达的是一种认为一切都无意义、空虚的态度，与下文“feelingthatourgreatachievementsamounttonothing”对应。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Earthisstilltheonlyknownplaceintheentireuniversewhereconsciousbeingsraisetheircuriouseyestotheskyandwonder.Earthistheonlyknownplacewherehumanscanexist.Itistheonlyknownplacewherelaughter,love,angerandjoyexist.Theonlyknownplacewherewecanfinddance,music,andart.Ourdisagreementsandallthebeautifulcomplexitiesthatmakeushumanaren'tmeaningless.Theexperiencesinourlivesarespecialbecausetheywillneverhappenintheemptyexpanseofmostoftheuniverse.(地球仍然是整个宇宙中已知的唯一一个有意识的生物会带着好奇的目光仰望天空并感到好奇的地方。地球是已知的唯一一个人类可以生存的地方。它是已知的唯一一个有欢笑、爱、愤怒和喜悦存在的地方。是已知的唯一一个我们能找到舞蹈、音乐和艺术的地方。我们的分歧以及所有使我们成为人类的美好复杂性并非毫无意义。我们生活中的经历是特别的，因为它们永远不会发生在宇宙中大部分的空旷区域。)”可知，作者拒绝那种诱惑是因为他认为地球是唯一能产生人类经历的地方，这些经历是特别且有意义的。故选D。14．推理判断题。根据第五段“Thesamelessonsthatcosmicvoidsteachusarefoundinthevoidsweencounterinourownlives.Thepresenceofvoidsguaranteestheopposite;theycreatecontrast;theyarefullofpotential.Thepainwefeelfromlossisthelastreminderofthegiftofalifedeeplyloved.Thesilencebeforeaperformanceisfullofelectricexpectation.Ourchoicetoignorestressfulnewsisnecessarytoallowustofocusonwhattrulymatters.(宇宙空洞教给我们的同样的道理也存在于我们在自己生活中遇到的空洞里。空洞的存在保证了相反的情况；它们创造了对比；它们充满了潜力。我们因失去而感受到的痛苦是对深深热爱的生命这份礼物的最后提醒。表演前的沉默充满了强烈的期待。我们选择忽略有压力的新闻对于让我们专注于真正重要的事情是必要的。)”可知，作者写第五段的目的是反思空洞是如何丰富我们的生活的，它们创造了对比，带来了潜力。故选A。15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开头提到尼采的观点，引出宇宙空洞的话题，接着作者作为宇宙学家阐述了自己对宇宙空洞的研究以及对人类存在意义的思考，认为地球是特别的，人类的经历在宇宙的空洞中是独特且有意义的，还提到生活中的空洞也有其价值，最后强调宇宙给了我们存在的自由，我们要为宇宙赋予意义和目的。所以D选项FindingMeaninginVastSilenceoftheUniverse(在宇宙的浩瀚寂静中寻找意义)符合文章主旨。故选D。【答案】16．D17．F18．C19．G20．B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了称赞的艺术，包括关注小事、具体称赞、真诚称赞以及重复非当面称赞的重要性。【详解】16．由上文“Oneimportantaspectofgivingcomplimentsistoacknowledgethesmallthingsinlife.Youdon’tneedtowaitaroundforsomebigachievementtoofferacomplimenttosomebody.Ifit’ssomethingreallyobvious,they’veprobablybeencompliment