Unit 6 单元速记 巧练（解析版）

必修第二册Unit6EarthfirstUnit6话题Earthfirst词汇1．dive2.target3.attitude4.ocean5.highlight6．establish7.damage8.drought9.flood10.supply11.restore12.adopt13.carbon14.greenhouse15.reduce16.release17.smog18.severe19.lecture20.majority21.false22.amount23.device24.electricity25.leak26.remove27.campaign28.canteen29.average短语referto2.dueto3.bescaredof4.haveaneffectupon5．comeacross6.ratherthan7.takesteps8.mistake...for...9.breakmonoaccount12.callon句型1．Thiswas____________duetofearofsharks，____________finning.这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的恐惧，而且还是为了切去鱼鳍。2．In1980，Benchley________________hecameacrossanawfulsight.在1980年，本奇正在潜水，这时他遇到了一个可怕的场景。3．Fortunately，____________whowatchedthefilmJawsbecameafraidofsharks.幸运的是，并不是所有看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼。4．Orderlessandtakeleftoverfoodhome____________inrestaurants.在饭店吃饭时少点餐并把剩菜带回家。5．However，makingapaperbaguses________makingaplasticbagandupto____water.但是，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量多达三倍。语法句型公式：部分否定倍数表达法写作读后续写思维拓展训练之12——各种“走”和“跑”考点1.scarev.使(某人)惊恐，吓唬(教材P62)【拓展】【经典练】①(牛津高阶)Theyscaredhimhandingoverthekeys.②(2021·浙江高考1月)Iwas(scare)atthethoughtoflivingwithloadsofnewpeopleforthreemonths.③(朗文当代)Shemovedquietlytoavoidscaringthebirds.答案：①into②scared③away一句多译④(剑桥高阶)我害怕告诉她事情的真相。Iwhatreallyhappened.＝Iwhatreallyhappened.答案：④amscaredoftellingher;amscaredtotellher考点2.attituden.(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度(教材P64)【拓展】单句语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattituderacewalking?答案：①to/towards单句表达②(2019·北京高考)学生在考虑上哪所大学之前，应该对大学有正确的态度。Studentsshouldbeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend.答案：②haveaproperattitudetowardscollege考点3.reserven.(野生生物)保护区(教材P65)【拓展】【经典练】单句语法填空①(2020·北京高考)Ourdinner(reserve)wasatarestaurantjustontheothersideofthebridge.②(牛津高阶)Theseseatsarereservedspecialguests.③(2019·北京高考)Atthisyear'sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman－soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookreservationwithoutdetection.④(剑桥高阶)Theseseats(reserve)fortheelderlyandwomenwithbabies.答案：①reservation②for③a④arereserved单句表达⑤我支持这项措施，但这并不意味着我会无条件地支持你。Isupportthismeasure,butitdoesn'tmeanthatIsupportyou.答案：⑤withoutreservation考点4.damagev.破损，损害，损伤(教材P65)【拓展】【经典练】单句语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Ihaveaverystrongfearthattheliewe'retellingisdoingspiritualdamageourchildren.答案：①to单句表达②(2020·北京高考)消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊。Negativeself－talkanddecreasesself－respect.答案：②damagesself－confidence考点5.supplyn.煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)(教材P65)【拓展】[名师点津]表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：providesbwithsth＝providesthforsb【经典练】单句语法填空①(剑桥高阶)Whenevershegoesoutwithherbaby,shealwaystakeslargesupplyofbabyfoodwithher.②(剑桥高阶)Strawberriesareshortsupplyatthemoment.答案：①a②in一句多译③(朗文当代)一名告密者向警方提供了参与犯罪的人的姓名。Aninformerofthoseinvolvedinthecrime.＝Aninformerofthoseinvolvedinthecrime.答案：③suppliedthepolicewiththenames;providedthepolicewiththenames考点6adoptv.采取(某种方法)(教材P65)【拓展】【经典练】单句语法填空①(剑桥高阶)He'sadoptedremarkablylight－heartedattitudetowardsthesituation.②(牛津高阶)Paul'smotherhadhim(adopt)becauseshecouldn'tlookafterhimherself.③(剑桥高阶)Shewashomelessandhadtoputherchildupfor(adopt)．答案：①a②adopted③adoption单句表达④(牛津高阶)三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。Allthreeteamstheproblem.答案：④adopteddifferentapproachesto考点7.reducev.减少，降低(教材P66)【经典练】①Changingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestway(reduce)theamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.②(牛津高阶)Costshavebeenreduced20%overthepastyear.③Itwasfoggysothedriverhadtoreducespeedfortykilometresperhour.答案：①toreduce②by③to单句表达④(中国日报)我们现在都知道，接种疫苗是减少流行病传播的最可靠方法。Weallknownowthatvaccinationisthespreadofthepandemic.答案：④themostsurewaytoreduce考点8.majorityn.多数，大多数(人或物)(教材P68)【拓展】【经典练】①Ourcountryisatraditionalagriculturalsocietywithamajorityfarmingpopulation.②However,themajorityofpeople(be)effectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.③Ihopetogainabitmoreknowledgeofgardeningsothatitcanhelpmetomajorthegardeningafterattendingcollege.答案：①of②are③in单句表达④在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。ThewhiteareinAustraliawhilethenativepeople(are).答案：④inthemajority;intheminority考点9amountn.数量，数额(教材P68)【经典练】[名师点津]表示“许多/大量……”的短语大集合：(1)anumberof只修饰可数名词复数。(2)agreatdealof,agreatamountof,largeamountsof只修饰不可数名词。(3)alotof(lotsof),plentyof,alargequantityof(largequantitiesof)既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。单句语法填空①(中国日报)Afewexampleswillshowtheamountoftrustforeignbusinesses(put)intheNationalSecurityLawsinceithelpedrestorepeaceandorder,andimprovetheruleoflawinthecity.②(中国日报)COVID－19deathsareexpectedtoreachbetween100and200perdayatthepeak,althoughthere(be)alargeamountofuncertainty.③(2021·浙江高考)Itwastiringwork,butIlookedforwardtothepay,eventhoughIwasn'tsurehowmuchitwouldamount.答案：①haveput②is③to【经典练】单句表达④无论如何，你所给予的赞扬取决于他们工作的努力程度。Anyway,howhardtheywork.答案：④theamountofpraiseyougivedependson考点10removev.移走，搬走，去掉(教材P69)【经典练】写出remove在下列句中的词义①Applyicingeyesandnose.Removebunnyfromthebelt.②(剑桥高阶)Heremovedhishatandgloves.③(剑桥高阶)Severaloppositiongroupsarefightingtoremovethepresidentfrompower.④(2021·全国乙卷)Ifyou'rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.⑤(牛津高阶)Threechildrenwereremovedfromtheschoolforpersistentbadbehaviour.答案：①拿走②脱去(衣物)③解除(职务)④清除⑤开除单句表达⑥(牛津高阶)这个消息消除了一切有关公司未来的疑虑。Thenewsthecompany'sfuture.答案：⑥removedanydoubtsabout考点11urgev.竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促(教材P71)【经典练】单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Thereporturgedthatallchildren(teach)toswim.②(牛津高阶)Ihavesome(urge)businesstoattendto.答案：①(should)betaught②urgent一句多译③(牛津高阶)机动车协会劝告开车的人暂时不要使用公路。Motoringorganizationsareurgingdriversbyroadifpossible.＝Motoringorganizationsareurgingthatdriversbyroadifpossible.答案：③nottotravel;(should)nottravel考点12concernedadj.焦急的，担忧的(教材P71)【经典练】单句语法填空①Therewasnoevidencethathewasconcernedanycriminalactivity.②(concern)aboutthestudent,theteachercalledhisparentstofindoutwhyhewassooftenabsentfromclass.③(concern)thetollfreepolicyontheexpressway,what(concern)usmostisthetrafficjamwhilesomeconcern(＝areconcerned)thesafety.答案：①in②Concerned③Concerning;concerns;about/for;about/for句型转换④Inmyopinion,it'swisenottospendmuchtimeplayingwithsmartphones.→,it'swisenottospendmuchtimeplayingwithsmartphones.答案：④As/SofarasIamconcerned考点13contributev.促成，造成(某事发生)(教材P72)[名师点津](1)contributeto和makeacontribution/contributionsto中的to都是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。(2)表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有：cause,leadto,resultin,bringabout等。【经典练】单句语法填空①(中国日报)China'seffectivecontroloftheoutbreakhascontributedto(stabilize)thediamondmarket.②Everyoneiswillingtocontributefoodandclothesthehomelesspeople.③(2020·江苏高考)Wilsonreceivedseveralinternationalawardsforhisgreat(contribute)．答案：①stabilizing②to③contributions单句表达④(2020·天津高考)孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪。Lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcandepressionandevencrimes.答案：④contributeto/leadto/resultin/bringabout/cause考点14averageadj.平均(数)的(教材P72)填入合适的介词、副词①Therewere90studentsgettingfullmarksintheexam,average18studentsineachclass.Tom'sscorewasaveragewhileJohn'swasaverage.That'swhyJohnwasupset.答案：①on;above;below句型转换②(2021·浙江高考)Today'schildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitsbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.→,today'schildrenspendfourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitsbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.答案：②Onaverage考点15dueto由于；因为(教材P62)[名师点津]表示原因的介词短语还有：becauseof,onaccountof,owingto,thanksto,asaresultof等。单句语法填空①(剑桥高阶)Duewetleavesontheline,thistrainwillarriveanhourlate.答案：①to单句表达②公共汽车预计下午五点钟到达，但由于大雾的原因它晚了一个小时。Thebusat5pm,butitarrivedonehourlate.③(牛津高阶)他迟到是因高速公路上车辆过多所致。Hislatenesswastheveryheavytrafficonthemotorway.答案：②wasduetoarrive;duetotheheavyfog③dueto考点16take...intoaccount把……考虑进去(教材P69)单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Whenjudginghisperformance,don'ttakehisageaccount.②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Lightingaccountsabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.③(剑桥高阶)Hedoesn'tdrinkalcoholaccountofhishealth.④(朗文当代)Thesefiguresdonottakeaccountchangesintherateofinflation.答案：①into②for③on④of单句表达⑤(2019·天津高考)这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatshouldtheyusemobilephonesinhisclass.答案：⑤onnoaccount一．语法精讲句型公式：部分否定(教材原句)Fortunately,noteveryonewhowatchedthefilmJawsbecameafraidofsharks.幸运的是，并不是所有看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼。all...not...＝notall...，意为“并非所有的……都……”，部分否定。(1)英语中的all,both,every,everybody,everything,completely,always,whole,entirely等与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非……都”的意思。(2)英语中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。基础练习——单句语法填空①Hetoldmeallpiecesofthenews,but________ofthemwasexciting.②Dadproposedthatweshouldwalkalongtheriverwhichmayleadustothefarmhouseand________seemedbetterthanthat.①none②nothing句型公式：倍数表达法(教材原句)However,makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.但是，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量多达三倍。英语中常见的倍数表达法有：(1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋asB(2)A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋thanB(3)A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight...)＋ofB(4)A＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”基础练习——单句语法填空①Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes________(fast)thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.②[2022·新高考卷Ⅰ]Coveringanareaaboutthreetimes________sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.①faster②the写作精讲——“说”之多样表达“走”和“跑”之多样表达1．strollv.闲逛2.tiptoev.蹑手蹑脚3．marchv.列队走4.limpv.瘸着走5．wanderv.漫步6.pacerestlessly不安地走动7．makearunningstepback跑着后退8.dashout冲出去9．pacebackandforth来回踱步10．strollabout/around/throughthetown在城里闲逛11．strollaimlesslythroughthestreets毫无目的地在街上游荡12．walkarminarm臂挽着臂走13.wanderintothewoods在树林里漫步14．wanderoverthecountryside在乡间漫步佳句观摩1.她溜下床。一般句：Sheslippedoutofbed.提升句：Sheslippedoutofbedandtiptoedtothewindow(踮起脚尖走向窗户)．2．那个小黄人快速朝门走去，离开了现场。一般句：Theminionwalkedquicklytothedoorandleftthescene.提升句：Theminionmadearushfor(向门冲去)thedoorandescapedfrom(逃离了现场)thescene.3．然后丽莎站起身来，向我走来。一般句：ThenLisastoodupandmovedtowardme.提升句：ThenLisastoodupandmadeherwaythroughthecrowd(穿过人群)towardme.4．弗兰妮去招待她的其他客人。一般句：Franniewenttowaitontherestofhertables.提升句：Franniehurriedoff(急忙去)towaitontherestofhertables.好句仿写1.她起身朝出口走去。一般句：Shestoodupandwenttotheexit.提升句：Shestoodupand________________________________(慌忙走向出口)．2．他们沿着小路走。一般句：Theywalkedalongthepath.提升句：They______________________________(手拉手在树林里漫步)alongthepath.3．这个可怜的人回到了家里。一般句：Thepoormanwentbackhome.提升句：Disappointedandfrustrated,thepoorman______________________(不安地回到了家里)．4．鲁本跑向水街，吓得浑身发抖。一般句：ReubenrantoWaterStreet,tremblingwithgreatpanic.提升句：Reuben________________________(向……冲去)WaterStreet,tremblingwithgreatpanic.1．headedhurriedlytowardstheexit2．wanderedintothewoodshandinhand3．madehiswaybacktohisfamilyrestlessly4．hurriedoffto/madearushfor核心单词1．scarev．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→________adj.害怕的；惊恐的2．fortunatelyadv.幸运地→________adj.幸运的→________n．运气；财富3．extinctionn．灭绝，绝种→________adj.灭绝的4．devotev．致力，献身，倾注→________adj.挚爱的；投入的→________n．致力；献身5．crueltyn．残忍，残酷，残暴→________adj.残忍的；残酷的→________adv.残忍地；残酷地6．huntingn．打猎，狩猎→________v．打猎，狩猎7．affectv．影响→________n．影响8．fogn．雾→________adj.多雾的；有雾的9．infectionn．感染，传染病→________v．传染→________adj.传染的；传染性的10．permissionn．允许，许可→________v．允许；许可n．许可证11．urgev．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促n．强烈的欲望；迫切要求→________adj.紧急的；急迫的→________n．紧急；急迫12．concernedadj.焦急的，担忧的→________v．担忧；涉及n．担忧→________prep.关于；就……而言13．contributev．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献，捐献→________n．贡献1．scared2.fortunate;fortune3.extinct4.devoted;devotion5.cruel;cruelly6.hunt7.effect8.foggy9．infect;infectious10.permit11.urgent;urgency12．concern;concerning13.contribution重点短语1．____________参考；涉及；指的是2．____________由于，因为3．____________害怕……4．____________对……有影响5．____________偶然遇到6．____________而不是7．____________采取措施8．____________把……误当作……9．____________分解；出故障；谈判失败；(健康、精神等)垮掉10．____________常识11．____________把……考虑进去12．____________号召referto2.dueto3.bescaredof4.haveaneffectupon5．c