Unit 2 过习题（教师版）

外研版2019必修第三册Unit2Makingadifference【过习题】第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMostofusknowabouttheNobelPrize,especiallytheNobelPeacePrize,butfewofusknowanythingaboutthemanwhosetitup.HisnamewasAlfredNobel.Hewasagreatscientistandinventorhimself.Besides,hehadabigbusiness.Hisbusinessmaysurpriseyou.Hemadeandsoldexplosives(炸药).Hiscompaniesevenmadeandsoldweapons(武器).Isn’tthissomethingthatsurprisesyou?ThemanwhomademoneyfromweaponsshouldsetuptheNobelPeacePrize?ThoughAlfredNobelhadalotofmoneyfromweapons,hehatedwar.Hehopedthattherewouldbenowarintheworld.HewasoneoftherichestinEurope.Whenhediedin1896,heleftbehindhimalotofmoneyandhisfamouswill.Accordingtohiswill,mostofhismoneywasplacedinafund.Hewantedtheinterest(利息)fromthefundtobeusedasprizeseveryyear.WeknowthemastheNobelPrizes.TheNobelPrizesareinternational.AlfredNobelwantedthewinnerstobechosenfortheirwork,notthecountrytheycamefrom.AlfredNobelhadgivenhiswholelifetohisstudiesandworkandtothebenefitsofmankind.Hemademoneyallbyhisownefforts,buthelettheworldsharehiswealth.Hisinventionsandwealthstaywiththeworldforever.1.WhatwasAlfred’sbusiness?A.Makingexplosivesandsellingweapons.B.Notmakingandsellingweapons.C.Makingandsellingexplosivesandweapons.D.Makingweaponsandsellingexplosives.2.WhydidNobelwanttosetuptheNobelPeacePrize?A.Becausehemadeenoughmoney.B.Becausehelikedtoliveinarichlife.C.Becausehewantedtogetmoreinterestfromthefund.D.Becausehedislikedwar.3.WheredotheNobelPrizescomefrom?A.Alltheinterestfromthefund.B.AllNobel’smoneyinhiscompany.C.AllNobel’smoneyinthefund.D.Someoftheinterestinthefund.答案CDAC[语篇解读]本篇为人物传记。文章介绍了设立诺贝尔奖的阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔。1.C细节理解题。根据题干关键信息词business定位信息句在第一段,“Hemadeandsoldexplosives(炸药).Hiscompaniesevenmadeandsoldweapons(武器).”故选C。2.D细节理解题。根据题干关键信息词setuptheNobelPeacePrize定位信息句在第二段,“...hehatedwar.Hehopedthattherewouldbenowarintheworld.”故选D。3.A细节理解题。根据第二段“Hewantedtheinterest(利息)fromthefundtobeusedasprizeseveryyear.WeknowthemastheNobelPrizes.”可知,诺贝尔奖出自基金的所有利息。故选A。BWhenIworkedinalargecity,passingbysomeonewhowashomelesswasn’tanuncommonsight.ThedifficultsituationofthoseIsawtouchedmedeeply.IfeltImustdosomething,and,asasinglemother,Idecidedtocomeupwithaplanthatfittedmylimitedbudget.IbeganbysettingasidefivetotendollarsandpassingthemontothoseImetonthestreeteachweek.Thoughadollarfeltlikeasmallamount,Irealizedhowpowerfulitwas.Forme,IrecognizedthatthoseIpassedbywerepeoplejustlikeme.Sometimeswewouldjokeabitandsmiletogether.Onsomeoccasions,Iwasabletogivemore.Idon’tknowhowandifthedollarshelped,butIknowthattheconnectionswemadedid.OnedayafterIhadstartedthisweeklypractice,Ihadsavedupenoughtobuymyselfanewwintercoat.Withitaroundmyshoulders,Irealizedthatmyoldcoatcouldstillbeputtousebysomeonewhohadlittleornothingtoprotectthemfromthecold.However,atthatmoment,Ifeltinspiredtopassonthisopportunityforkindness.Iturnedtothesalesmanwhohadhelpedme,andaskedifhewouldfeelcomfortabletakingmyoldcoat,walkingtothecorner,andofferingittosomeoneinneed.Slightlytakenaback,hesmiled.“IwillassoonasIgetabreak,”hesaid,“Thanksforbeingsoconsiderate.”

Ican’thelpbutfeelthatmyexperienceswithkindnesshavemovedmetopassiton,andinthisway,IfeelI’vehelpedmorethanjustthoseIpassbyonthestreet.Kindnesstouchesmanyhearts,andIamgratefulforthewayithastouchedmine.4.Whydidtheauthordecidetocomeupwithaplan?A.Becauseshewantedtoincreaseherlimitedbudget.B.Becausesheneededtosetasidesomebills.C.Becauseshealwayspassedbysomehomelesspeople.D.Becauseshewantedtodosomethingforthehomelesspeople.5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthedollarsshegavetothosepeople?A.Itdidn’tmakesense.B.Itcouldhelpthemalot.C.Itmighthavebeenasmallamounttothem.D.Itbroughtafriendlyconnectionbetweenthem.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takenaback”inthefourthparagraphprobablymean?A.Surprised. B.Satisfied.C.Upset. D.Frightened.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HelpingPeopleWhoAreHomeless.B.MyExperienceswithKindness.C.RaisingMoneytoHelpThoseinNeed.D.MyWeeklyPracticeofHelpingOthers.答案DDAB[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己帮助一些无家可归的人的经历,给他们捐款并送旧衣物等。4.D细节理解题。根据题干中的plan,定位答案在第一段及第二段。根据IfeltImustdosomething...可知,作者制订计划是为了帮助无家可归的人。故选D。5.D细节理解题。根据题干信息定位于第三段中的...Iknowthattheconnectionswemadedid.由此可知,她和那些人之间建立起了一种友好关系。故选D。6.A词义猜测题。根据画线词的上一句话可知,作者希望销售员把她的旧外套送给需要的人。由此可推知,销售员对作者的善意感到惊讶。所以“takenaback”是“惊讶的”的意思。故选A。7.B主旨大意题。文章最后一段表达了中心,主要讲述了作者通过帮助一些无家可归的人,传递着善意,感动着每一个人。故选B。CEveryexperiencethatAmericanbusinesswomanLeigh-AnnBuchananremembershascomefromtravel.HerearlytripstothecountriesinAsia,AfricaandtheAmericaswerenosmallthing—theyassistedhertomakeconnectionswithcommunityorganizationsabroad,buildleadershipskillsandfindagreaterpurposeinhervoluntarywork.Alloftheseexperiencesplayedanimportantpartinherbecomingamentor(导师)tohighschoolstudentsinMiami,US.Shesawthatmanyofherstudentsfromunderservedcommunitieshadneverleftthecountry.Thisnotonlyshutthemoutfromhavinglife-changingexperiences,buttheyoftenmissedoutoncollegescholarships(奖学金)becausetheirresumes(简历)couldn’tcompetewiththosefromhigher-incomebackgrounds.ThenshesawaprogramfoundedbyherfriendinGhana.ItofferedUSstudentstheopportunitytoexperienceculturalexchangesabroad.BuchananwonderedwhythekidsshementoredinMiamicouldn’thavetheselife-changingexperiences.So,shestartedtheNyahProjectin2014.Sincethen,theprojecthasprovidedmoneyfor10-dayleadershiptripsto57high-performinghighschoolstudentsthroughoutunderservedcommunitiesinMiami.All57havegottenintocollegesaroundthecountry,andover90percenthavereceivedfullscholarshipstocollege.NyahfellowshavetraveledtocountriesincludingIndonesia,Namibia,CostaRicaandSouthAfrica.Thetripsbringculturalexchangeopportunities,likelearningabouttraditionalBalinesedanceinIndonesiaandteachingyoungerstudentsinNamibia.KemoniAlexander,whoisstudyingatOhioWesleyanUniversity,wasaNyahfellowin2017,andtraveledtoNamibiaandSouthAfricaforherfirsttimeoutofthecountry.“TheneighborhoodthatIgrewupinwasn’tthemostresourcefulandmyschoolswereshortofmoney,”saidAlexander.“IcouldhardlybelievethatIwasabletohavethatopportunitybecauseotherpeoplesawthatpotential(潜力)inmeandbelievedinme.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assisted”inParagraph1mean?A.Required. B.Helped.C.Trained. D.Reminded.9.WhydidBuchanansetuptheNyahProject?A.Toofferstudentsscholarships.B.Tosharehertravelexperiences.C.Tosupportherfriend’sprogram.D.Toprovidechancesforpoorchildren.10.HowdothechildrenbenefitfromtheNyahProject?A.Theyaresuretobementorsinthefuture.B.Theycanenjoytravelingworldwideforfree.C.Theycanexperienceculturalexchangesontrips.D.Theycanallreceivefullscholarshipstocollege.11.WhatcanweinferfromAlexander’swords?A.Shewasthankfulfortheopportunity.B.Shewasmoreconfidentofherability.C.Sheregrettedhavingjoinedtheproject.D.Shefeltembarrassedaboutherbackground.答案BDCA[语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了美国女商人Leigh-AnnBuchanan创建Nyah项目,给贫困儿童提供到国外的旅行机会,体验文化交流的故事。8.B词义猜测题。由画线单词的下文可知这些经历“帮助”她实现了自我提升。故选B。9.D细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知,Buchanan创建Nyah项目的目的是为贫困孩子提供机会。故选D。10.C细节理解题。由第五段可知,参加Nyah项目的孩子可以在旅行中经历文化交流。故选C。11.A推理判断题。由最后一段可知,Alexander很感谢这个机会。故选A。DInmostsituations,theresponsesofbystanders(旁观者)likenegativebodylanguage,uninvitedcommentsorpiecesofadviceonachild'sangrybehaviorcanaddtothestressofthesituation.Butsometimesbystanders'understanding,andsometimestheirwordsoractionscanmakeapositivedifference.Onemomexperiencedthisfirst-hand.ThismomwasobviouslypregnantandtravelingalonewithheryoungsonattheLosAngelesInternationalAirport.Thenthingstookaturnfortheworse.Theboy,about18monthsold,accordingtoBeth,aFacebookuser,wasrunningallovertheplace,kicking,screaming,andlyingonthefloor,unwillingtogetaboardtheplane.Hismomdidherbesttocalmhimdown,butBethsaid,“Shecouldn'tpickhimupbecausehewassoupset.Hekeptrunningawayfromher,thenlyingdownontheground,kickingandscreamingagain.”Finally,themomwasatherwits'end.Shesatdownonthefloornexttoherson,buriedherfaceinherhands,andbegantocry.

Thenthemostamazingthinghappened.Agroupofsixorsevenwomen,Bethincluded,circledaroundthemotherandsonanddidsomethingtohelp.Bethsanghimthe“ItsyBitsySpider”.Anotherofferedanorange.Anothergavehimatoyshehadonhand.AnotherhelpedgethiscupoutofMom'sbag.YetanothertendedtoMombyofferingherawaterbottle.Withthehelpofthesewomen,thekidandhismothercalmeddownandwereabletoboardtheplane.Andthenlifemovedon.Allofthestrangerswenttheirseparatewayswithoutspeakingofwhathadhappened.ButBethsaiditwassomethingshe'dneverforget.“Wewerestrangers,gatheringtosolvesomething,”shewrote.“Itoccurredtomethatacircleofpassers-by,withamission,cansavetheworld.”12.Whatarethebystanderssupposedtodoaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Laughattheparents.B.Giveparentssomeadvice.C.Commentonthesituation.D.Bekindandofferassistance.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“wasatherwits'end”probablymean?A.Madeuphermind.B.Feltworriedandtotallyataloss.C.Gaveupandranaway.D.Collectedherthoughtsandcalmeddown.14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethesceneinParagraph5?A.Alarming. B.Exciting. C.Romantic. D.Warm.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Strangerscanhelpout B.Beth,agreatmomC.Womencansavetheworld D.Let'scareforchildrenⅠ.语篇解读本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位怀孕的母亲因为孩子哭闹而感到无助时,陌生人为处于困境的妈妈带来善意和力所能及的帮助。12.D推理判断题。根据文章第一段中Butsometimesbystanders'understanding,andsometimestheirwordsoractionscanmakeapositivedifference.可知,旁观者应该善待他人,提供帮助。故选D。根据第一段中Inmostsituations,theresponsesofbystanders(旁观者)likenegativebodylanguage,uninvitedcommentsorpiecesofadviceonachild'sangrybehaviorcanaddtothestressofthesituation.可知B项和C项错误;A项在第一段没有涉及。13.B词义猜测题。根据后文Shesatdownonthefloornexttoherson,buriedherfaceinherhands,andbegantocry.可知妈妈不知该如何是好。由此推知,画线部分与Feltworriedandtotallyataloss.(感到担心和完全不知所措)意思接近。A项“Madeuphermind.(下定决心)”、C项“Gaveupandranaway.(放弃并逃跑)”和D项“Collectedherthoughtsandcalmeddown.(整理思绪平静下来)”均不符合语境。14.D推理判断题。根据文章第五段可知,本段所描述的是几位路过的女性给这位无助的母亲提供热心帮助,这个场景很温暖(warm)。故选D。alarming使人惊恐的;exciting令人兴奋的;romantic浪漫的。15.A主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的Butsometimesbystanders'understanding,andsometimestheirwordsoractionscanmakeapositivedifference.Onemomexperiencedthisfirst-hand.和最后一段中的“Wewerestrangers,gatheringtosolvesomething,”shewrote.“Itoccurredtomethatacircleofpassers-by,withamission,cansavetheworld.”可知,本篇文章重点讲的是路人可以为处于困境的人带来善意和力所能及的帮助。由此可知,Strangerscanhelpout(陌生人可以帮忙摆脱困境)适合作为本文标题。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.___16___Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooftenwhenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”___17___Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.___18___Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.___19___Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.___20___It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.“Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan’tcountthetimesthatyou’vethought,“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!“Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.BYouwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.TheobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudienceF.TakethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlistenersG.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.B20.D【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。【16题详解】本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。【17题详解】下句Focusonthespeaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Dotheopposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。【18题详解】本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。【19题详解】本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。【20题详解】下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。六、完形填空(本题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond_____21_____.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof____22____therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething____23____happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe____24____itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.____25____,thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He____26____thatitwasbecausethereweren’tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe____27____.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek____28____duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe____29____departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand_____30_____anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.____31____youngplantsinthedryseasonwas______32______foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe_____33_____ofeachsapling(幼树)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto______34______rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.Molai_____35_____toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.21.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice22.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge23.A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward24.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage25.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise26.A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted27.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust28.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter29.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance30.A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed31.A.Decorating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding32.A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial33.A.back B.top C.foot D.side34.A.cooldown B.keepoff C.purify D.collect35.A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continued【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.C30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A.dream梦想；B.job工作；C.home家；D.choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A.nature自然；B.youth青春，年轻；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.precious宝贵的；B.interesting有趣的；C.disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D.awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A.waste废物；B.tension紧张；C.pain疼痛，痛苦；D.damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据aswell可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.agreed同意；B.realized意识到；C.remembered记住，记起；D.predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.noise噪音；B.heat热；C.disease疾病；D.dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help帮助；D.shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A.labor劳动；B.police警察；C.forest森林；D.finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttrees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered发现；C.left离开；D.managed设法做成。根据前面的”lookingonhisown”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.Decorating装饰；B.Observing观察到；C.Watering浇水；D.Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“thedryseason”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.tough困难的；B.illegal非法的；C.fantastic极好的；D.beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A.back背部；B.top顶端；C.foot脚；D.side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“Thewaterwouldthendripontheplantsbelow”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A.cooldown冷却下来；B.keepoff与……保持距离；C.purify净化，使纯净；D.collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A.returned返回；B.learned学会；C.failed失败；D.continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。HuangHeorTheYellowRiver,flowingthroughnineprovinces,isthesecondlongestriverinChina.Itisalsothesixthlongestintheworldattheestimated____36____(long)of5,464kilometers.Therivertakesonadistinctiveyellowcolor.That's____37____itcollectsmuchsilt(泥沙)anddustfromtheenvironment.TheYellowRiveriscalled“thecradle(摇篮)ofChinesecivilization”as____38___(it)basin-theWeivalley-wasthebirthplaceofancientChinesecivilizationsandthemostprosperous(繁荣的)regioninearlyChinesehistory.Boththeriverandthepeoplealongitsshoreshaveshapedeachother____39____(deep).Whetheryou’reahistoryfanornot,theriveris____40____(fascinate).OriginatingintheBayanHarMountainsinQinghaiProvinceinwesternChina,itflows____41____nineprovincesofChinaandrunsintotheBohaiSea.TheYellowRiverbasinhas____42____east-westextentof1900kmandanorth-southextentof1100km.Itstotalbasinareais742,443km².Twoofthemostpopularspots____43____(visit)aretheHukouFallsandtheSilkRoadCrossingatLanzhou.TheYellowRiverusedtobecalled“China’sSorrow”becauseofthefrequentfloodshitting.In1955,Chinesegovernment____44____(develop)aplantocontrolflooding.Since1960,tensofthousandsoftrees_____45_____(plant)alongthebanks.【答案】36.length37.because38.its39.deeply40.fascinating41.through42.an43.tovisit44.developed45.havebeenplanted【解析】【导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍中国第二长的河流——黄河。介绍了黄河的地理特性以及它的文化渊源。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：它也是世界上第六长的，估计长度为5464公里。填空处前有“theestimated(估计的)”形容词结构以及“of”结构，说明填空处需要填一个名词，提示词long是形容词，需要变成名词形式。故填length。【37题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这是因为它从环境中收集了大量的淤泥和灰尘。填空处前面有be动词，并且后面有“itcollects”主谓结构，说明填空处后面有从句，需要填一个连接词，本句与前一句有因果关系，说明黄河河水变黄是有原因的。故填because。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：黄河被称为“中华文明的摇篮”，因为它的流域——渭河流域——是中国古代文明的发源地，也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区。填空处后面出现名词“basin(盆地)”说明填空处需要填写形容词性物主代词，括号中提示词it的形容词性物主代词是its。故填its。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：这条河和它沿岸的人民彼此深深地影响着。填空处前有谓语动词结构“haveshaped(使成形，塑造)”，括号中提示词deep是形容词，修饰动词需要副词形式。故填deeply。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不管你是不是历史迷，这条河都很迷人。括号中提示词fascinate是动词，填空处前面有谓语动词is，这里需要非谓语动词作为表语，表示黄河迷人的特征。故填fascinating。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：它发源于中国西部青海省的巴彦喀尔山，流经中国九个省份，最后流入渤海。本句填空处前有“flow”表示“流动”，根据句意这里表示黄河流动穿过九个省份，需要介词搭配flow，从而表示穿过的意思。故填through。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：黄河流域向西延伸1900公里，向南延伸1100公里。填空处后面出现了名词短语结构“east-westextent(东西向的延伸)”，说明前面需要填写冠词，而“extent”是可数名词单数，并且“east”首字母是元音音素发音。故填an。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最值得参观的两个景点是湖口瀑布和兰州丝绸之路十字路口。填空处前有名词“spots(景点)”，括号提示词visit，表示参观的意思，这里是使用不定式作后置定语对名词进行修饰。故填tovisit。【44题详解】考查动词时态。句意：1955年，中国政府制定了防洪计划。本句缺少谓语动词，因此括号中的提示词要使用谓语动词结构，并且时间提示词“1995年”表示过去时间，因此使用动词一般过去时态。故填developed。【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：自1960年以来，沿河岸种植了数万棵树。本句除了填空词以外没有其他动词，说明本句缺少谓语动词，填空词要用谓语结构，而标志词“since”表示自从1960年起至今，要使用现在完成时态。而且主语“tree”与谓语动词有被动关系。故填havebeenplanted。第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括:1.人物简介；2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。注意:1.词数100左右；2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ThepersonIrespectWehavealotofrespectablepeoplearoundus.Theymaybeourteachers,parentsoroneofourelders.Asforme,myfatheristhepersonIrespectmost.Myfatherisateacherwholoveshisworkandhisstudentsverymuch.Heworksveryhardeverydaybuthewillalsosparesometimetoaccompanymeandsharemanyfunnythingswithmeabouthiswork.WhenIcomeacrosstheproblemsoflearninginmystudy,myfatherwilllistentomepatientlyandencouragemetoovercomethedifficultiesbravely.Heachievedalotinhiswork,respectedbyhisstudents.So,inmymindmyfatheristhepersonIrespectmostandIlovehimdeeply.【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛。第一步：审题体裁：应用文。时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。结构：总分法。要求：1.人物简介：2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。第二步：列提纲（重点短语）Asforme；sparesometime；listentomepatiently;第三步：连词成句1.Asforme,myfatheristhepersonIrespectmostly.2.Heworksveryhardeverydaybuthewillalsosparesometimetoaccompanymeandsharemanyfunnythingswithmeabouthiswork.3.Myfatherwilllistentomepatientlyandencouragemetoovercomethedifficultiesbravely.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇1.表示文章结构顺序：介绍人物；阐述原因2.表示并列补充关系：Asfor;and;but;So第五步：润色修改第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems,andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed,hiswife,whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork,andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy-hisnamewasBernard-hadinterestedherverymuch.“Iwishyoucouldseehim,”shesaidtoherownchildren,John,Harry,andClara.“Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon'tseewhathecando.”Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard.“Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney,”saidClara.“Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch.”“SodoI,”saidHarry.“Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem.”Forsomemoments,Johnsaidnothing,but,suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcr