Unit2 Grammar and usage and Integrated skills 词汇精讲课堂

词汇课堂版本：新译林单元：选择性必修一Unit2(Grammarandusage—Integratedskills)本单元词汇梳理1.flow：一词多义，基本义“流动、流出”；隐喻：液体“流动”→车如液体般地“流动”2.spacecraft：space(太空)+craft(船只、飞行器)→航天器、宇宙飞船，单复数同形3.solar：sol(sun太阳)+-ar(形容词后缀)→太阳的、利用太阳能的

词块：thesolarsystem,solarenergy4.greet：近义词：welcome隐喻：具体的“迎接”→抽象的“迎接”→对……作出反应派生词：greeting；词块：greet…with5.suitable：suit(v

适合)+-able(形容词后缀)

词块：besuitableto/for；派生词：unsuitable6.recording：record(v

记录、录制)+-ing7.distant：di-(=dis-,apart分离)+st(tostand站立)+-ant(形容词后缀)→分开站立的→遥远的(基本义)

构词法：distance—distant

词块：adistantrelative/memory,inthedistantpast8.volume：词块：turndown/upthevolume

隐喻：物体空间上的“容量”→交通的“容量”→交通量9.stare：精准的汉语释义：注视；词块：stareat10.breath：词块：takea(deep)breath,catch/holdone’sbreath,outofbreath,takesb’sbreathaway

词族：breath,breathless,breathlessly,breathe,breathing11.unusual：un-(not)+usual(adj

平常的)

词块：itis(not)unusual(forsb)todosth

词族：usual,usually,unusual,unusually12.grab：一词多义，基本义“抓住”；熟词生义：抓紧吃/喝/睡，吸引

词块：grabtheopportunity,grabtheattentionof13.sweep：一词多义，基本义“扫”

熟词生义“席卷”词块：sweepalong,sweepthefloor14.disc：英式英语，美式英语是disk15.complicated：complicate(v

使复杂)+-ed(形容词后缀)16.accompany：ac-(ad-,to到)+company(陪伴)→陪伴隐喻：

“陪伴”某人→用乐器“陪伴”音乐→伴奏17.expectation：expect(v

期待)+-ation(名词后缀)

词块：beyond(sb’s)expectation(s),liveuptosb’sexpectationflowgreet一词多义一词多义重难点词精讲suitable精准的汉语释义搭配义volumedistant一词多义词源stare辨析义breath搭配义grab一词多义sweep一词多义隐喻expectation搭配义flowManstrugglesupwards;waterflowsdownwards.Thepersonwhohasnopersonalityalwaysgoeswiththeflow.

Onlydeadfishfollowtheflow.

（液体、气体、电等）流动；流出：It’sherethattheriverflowsdownintotheocean.

[比喻人或事物像水一样]流逝；流畅；流淌：Timeflowsaway.Herhairfloweddownoverhershoulders.Trucksandcarsflowedalongthehighway.n[C]&[U]流；流动：aflowofpeople/carsfree

flowofinformationflowvi液体、气体、电等的“流动”由具体到抽象比喻人或事物像水一样“流动”（液体、气体、电等）流动；流出（比喻人或事物像水一样）流逝；流畅；流淌flow

语义网络图流动、流出flow（基本义）11月21日是“世界问候日”，是第四次中东战争(FourthMiddleEastWar)期间(1973年10月6日至10月26日)，为促进埃及(Egypt)与以色列(Israel)之间的和平，来自澳大利亚(Australia)的姆可马克(McCormack)与米切尔(Michael)两兄弟自愿宣传并设立的。节日的意义在于向全世界祈祷和平。不同国家的不同问候方式greetWorldHelloDaygreetvt打招呼；问候；迎接(welcome)：greettheNewYearHegreetedhisteacherbysaying“Goodmorning!”.greet...with：WheneverImether,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.2009山东Whenitwasfirststagedin1949,theplaywasgreetedwithenthusiasticreviews.2011

山东【词汇拓展】greeting

n

[C]&[U]问候；致意；迎接：Theyexchangedgreetings(=greetedeachother)andsatdowntolunch.Shewavedafriendlygreeting.Sheraisedherhandingreeting.

[复数]

祝词；贺词；问候语：Christmas/birthdaygreetingsMymothersendshergreetingstoyouall.2020年全国III卷2020年全国II卷■

adj

适合的；适宜的

(反unsuitable)：Idon’thaveanythingsuitabletowearfortheparty.Thisprogrammeisnotsuitableforchildren.Notallmenaresuitableforthatkindofwork.suitable(suit+-able)■n[C]（一套）衣服：abusiness/swimmingsuit■vt（服装、颜色等）适合；对（某人）方便；中……的意：Ifoundaneveningdressthatsuitedmeperfectly.Ifwemeetat9a.m.,wouldthatsuityou?ThereisChinesefoodtosuiteveryone’staste,withtraditionaldishesfromalloverChina.人教新必修③–3suit...to使……适合：Agoodteachersuitshislessontotheageofhispupils.►suitedadj［不用于名词前，与for/to连用］适合的：bebestsuitedto/for【词汇拓展】suitdistantSothefurthestdistanceintheworldisnotintwodistanttrees.Itisthesamerootedbranchesbutcan’tdependoneachotherinthewind.所以世界上最远的距离不是树与树的距离而是同根生长的树枝却无法在风中相依

——出自《世界上最遥远的距离》拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔(RabindranathTagore，1861—1941)，印度诗人、文学家。代表作有《飞鸟集》(StrayBirds)、《新月集》(TheCrescentMoon)等。distantadj

遥远的；远处的；久远的：Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory.TheserocksprovedthatatonetimeinthedistantpasttheAntarcticwascoveredbyplants.

疏远的；冷淡的：Patsoundedverycoldanddistantonthephone.

[只用于名词前]远亲的

反close：Heismydistantcousin/relative.di-(=dis-,apart分离)+st(tostand站立)+-ant(形容词后缀)→分开站立的→遥远的(基本义)【必修三Unit2】distant

语义网络图distant遥远的基本义人和人之间关系“遥远的”亲戚关系/血缘关系“遥远的”距离、时间“遥远的”远亲的遥远的；远处的；久远的疏远的；冷淡的volume词源故事volume一词来源于拉丁语词

volumen，经古法语进入英语。Volumen的意思是“一卷书写过的东西”，古代拉丁文字是书写在一种纸莎草作成的纸上或羊皮纸上的，为了阅读方便，就卷在一个卷轴上，颇似汉字的“卷”，中国古时的文字是刻在竹筒上，然后穿起来卷成一捆一捆的，或写在帛上、纸上、卷起来收藏的，因此书籍的数量论“卷”。作品的篇幅越长，卷起来的体积就越大，所以volume又可以引申为表示体积、音量等含义。volume

n

[C]卷；册：anovelinthreevolumes

[C]&[U]体积；容积；（生产、交通等的）量：thevolumeofacontainerThevolumeoftrafficontheroadshassharplyincreasedinrecentyears.

[U]音量；声量：Thetelevisionistooloud;turnthevolumedown.stare■

vt&vi盯；凝视

tolookatsb/sthforalongtime：staresbupanddown

It’srudetostare.

Shestaredatthepainting,wonderingwhereshehadseenit.

2009重庆■n[C]盯；凝视：givesbarudestare

stare&view¬ice辨析这三个词都与“看”有关，可以借助英语释义辨析。notice

指“toseeorhearsb/sth”（察觉到/注意到）stare

指“tolookatsb/sthforalongtime”（盯/凝视）view

指“tolookatsthcarefully”（观看）breath看图猜义badbreathfreshbreath口臭口气清新breathn

n[C]&[U]呼吸；气息：takeadeepbreathdrawinabreathoffreshair常用搭配catchone’sbreath缓一口气；歇口气holdone’sbreath屏息；憋住气outofbreath上气不接下气：Reachingthetopofthetower,hewasoutofbreath.takesb’sbreathaway令某人惊叹【词汇拓展】breathlessadj

气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的：Iwasbreathlessafterclimbingthestairs.►breathlesslyadv

上气不接下气地；气喘吁吁地►breathtakingadj激动人心的；惊人的；令人惊叹的词族：breath,breathless,breathlessly,breathtaking,breathe（B2U2）,breathing奥黛丽·赫本（AudreyHepburn，1929—1993），英国电影和舞台剧女演员，曾出演《罗马假日》(RomanHoliday)《蒂凡尼的早餐》《窈窕淑女》等影片。她一生中共获得五次奥斯卡最佳女主角提名。晚年时，奥黛丽·赫本投身慈善事业，是联合国儿童基金会亲善大使的代表人物，为第三世界妇女与孩童争取权益。1992年被授予美国“总统自由勋章”，1993年获奥斯卡人道主义奖。1999年，她被美国电影学会评为“百年来最伟大的女演员”第三位。grab机遇很少凭空出现。因此，当它们出现时，你一定要抓住。——奥黛丽·赫本grabv

vi&vt（试图）抓住(seize)：Lilygrabbedthetoycarfromherlittlebrother.grabtheopportunity/chance

vt［非正式用语］（因忙碌而）赶紧/抓紧吃/喝/睡togetsomefoodorsleepquicklybecauseyouarebusy：Fromthispointon,you’llhavefreetimetoexplorethecityandgrabsomelunch.2011湖北Whydon’tyougoandgrabsomesleep?

吸引；引人注意：TheBeatlesimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeople.■n[C]［常用单数］（猛然的）抓取seize/grasp/take(up)theopportunitygrab语义网络图（猛然的）抓取

吸引；引人注意（因忙碌而）赶紧/抓紧吃/喝/睡

（试图）抓住“抓住”某人的注意力“抓住”时机吃、喝、睡“抓住”某人或某物抓住（基本义）grab动词名词

扫；打扫；扫除：sweepthefloor/thedustTombSweepingDay

横扫；掠过；（暴风雨等）袭击；席卷：Araresnowstormsweptacrosstheregionyesterday.Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows.2016天津“Redenvelope”feverhassweptthecountry.sweepaway消灭；彻底消除：Thefloodssweptawayallthehouses.

sweepup打扫；清扫sweep(swept,swept)vt&viwakeupexpectationexercisecookexpectationn

[C]&[U]期待；预期；期望：comeupto/liveupto/meet/answersb’sexpectationsMyteachersallhavegreatexpectationsofme.Theyclosedthewindowsinexpectationofrain.beyond(sb’s)expectation(s)出乎（某人）意料地：ItwasanA+,whichwasbeyondmymodestexpectations.expect(v

期待)+-ation(名词后缀)单词基本义比喻义flow流动__________greet迎接___________volume容量__________sweep扫__________accompany陪伴__________流动对……做出反应交通量席卷本单元典型隐喻词伴奏金句汇总1.Manstrugglesupwards;waterflowsdownwards.2.WheneverImether,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.2009山东3.Idon’thaveanythingsuitabletowearfortheparty.4.Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory.5.TheBeatlesimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeople.6.Myteachersallhavegreatexpectationsofme.随堂检测一、将下列短语或句子翻译成汉语。1.flowfreely_______________________2.flowinthewind

_______________________3.Riversflowintothesea._______________________4.Thecrowdflowedoutofthestation.

_______________________5.Tearsfloweddownhischeeks._______________________6.Thecoloredflagsflowinthewind._______________________7.Thelinesinthispaintingflow.

_______________________8.Herhairfloweddownherback.

_______________________

自由流动在风中流动百川归海。人群涌出车站。他泪流满面。彩旗迎风飘扬。这幅画线条流畅。她的头发飘垂在她的背后。flow二、将下列短语或句子翻译成英语。1.气流___________________________2.数据流___________________________3.缓缓地流淌____________________________4.流入大海

___________________________5.这条河流经这个城市。____________________________6.时间流逝。____________________________7.那条河自东向西流。____________________________8.河水漫过堤岸。___________________________

airflowdataflowflowquietlyflowintotheseaTheriverflowsthroughthecity.Timeflowsaway.Theriverflowsfromeasttowest.Theriverflowedoverthebank.greet一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.I___________(greet)byaniceFrenchcouplewhowouldbecomemyhostparents.（2013浙江）2.OurEnglishteacherreceivedalotof___________

(greet)cardsfromusstudents.（2012

陕西改）3.Whenitwasfirststagedin1949,theplaywasgreeted___________enthusiasticreviews.（2011山东）4.Isendyouthisshortlettersoastoextendmyholiday___________(greet)toyou.二、翻译句子。相互微笑问候是一种礼貌。_____________________________________________________________withwasgreetedgreetinggreetingsItisgoodmannerstogreeteachotherwithasmile.二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。1.Sherememberedhowdifficultitwastochoosea_____________(suit)Christmaspresentforherfather.（2009广东）2.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat___________(suit)everyone.（2020江苏改）3.Thecourseis___________(suit)forbothbeginnersandadvancedstudents.suitable一、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。Thisprogrammeis___________________________（儿童不宜）.notsuitableforchildrensuitablesuitssuitabledistant写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Tomanypeople,technologymeanscomputersorvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.（2019

天津改）

____________2.Iwouldliketohavemyownhouseinthedistantfuture. ____________3.Afterthequarrel（争吵）Sueremainedcoldanddistant. ____________4.Ashley’sboyfriendisadistantrelativeofmine. ____________5.Peacewasjustadistanthopeinthepast. ____________6.Thelifeinthecountrysidehasbecomeadistantmemory. ____________

遥远的遥远的将来冷淡的远亲遥不可及的遥远的回忆写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Uptonow,Ihavereadasfarasthefifthchapter,thesecondvolumeofTheWarandPeace. ___________2.Howdoyoumeasurethevolume

ofagas? ___________

3.Newroadsarebeingbuilttocopewiththeincreasedvolumeoftraffic. ___________4.Canyouturndownthevolume

ontheTV? ___________

体积

卷交通量

音量volumestare1.Everyonestaredinwonder

asthetrainslowlyreturnedtothestation.（2009湖北） _________2.Themuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalkingandstaredatus.（2008天津）_________3.Hesattherestaringintospace. _________惊奇地盯着看盯着我们看一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。凝视着前方(notice,view,stare)1.Astheywereleaving,he_______anumbrellaonanemptyseat.2.She_______atthepainting,wonderingwhereshehadseenit.（2009重庆改）3.Peoplecamefromallovertheworldto_______herwork.4.ThefirstthingI_______abouttheroomwasthesmell.5.Ifsomeoneistalkingloudlyonthebus,anicewaytoaskhimtokeepitdownisto_______athimuntilhegetsawareofitandquietsdown.（2014辽宁改）noticedviewstarednoticed二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。starebreath根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Jack__________________（深吸一口气）andthendivedintothewa