Unit 4 语法课-名师课件

年级：高二学科：英语（人教版选择性必修二）Unit4JourneyacrossaVastLand

Discoverusefulstructures(1)Wewerepleasedtoseethecitywassurroundedbymountains.(2)Seenfromthetrainwindow,themountainslookedmassive.(3)Thegirlnexttomewasamazedtoseesuchaview.(4)Attractedbythebeautifulscenery,shedecidedtostayforacoupleofdays.【语法感悟】1.句(1)和句(3)中的黑体词都是过去分词作

。

2.句(2)、句(4)中黑体词是过去分词作

。过去分词与逻辑主语之间构成

关系。

表语状语被动(1)Askedwhyhewasabsentfromclass,thelittleboyliedthathewasill.(2)Givenenoughwater,thenewly-plantedtreeswouldnothavedied.(3)Absorbedinpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.(4)Publishedmanytimes,thisbookstillsellswellinthemarket.(5)Theprofessorenteredthelecturehall,followedbyagroupofstudents.

时间状语条件状语原因状语让步状语伴随或结果状语过去分词(短语)作状语——用法由于过去分词(短语)具有副词的某些特征，因此在句中可以作

状语。Summary原因、时间、条件、让步、伴随或结果等Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.Usingthebook,Ifinditveryuseful.过去分词(短语)与动词-ing形式作状语的区别过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的

，即表示被动，往往表示完成；动词-ing形式与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的

，即表示主动，一般表示动作正在进行。(动宾关系)(主谓关系)动宾关系主谓关系1.

Thegirlswere

toseesuchanopencountry.

Thefarmscoveredaverylargearea,whichwas

.2.

Goingintothewildernessalonecanbe

.

Doyoufeel

whengoingintothewildernessalone?3.

fromthetopofthemountain,thescenerywasreallyfascinating.

thesceneryfromthetopofthemountain,Iwas

fascinatedbytheautumncolours.4.

eastwards,youwillpasstheCanadianRockies.

Finally,thecompany-

byitsnewmanager-startedto

makeaprofit.Fillineachblankwiththecorrectformofaverbfromthebox,Findthe

differencebetweeneachpairofsentences,payingattentiontothe-edand

-ingforms.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinesesee

frighten

head

amazeheaded

amazedamazingfrighteningfrightenedSeenSeeingHeading

1.Webecame

whenthinkingaboutthosebeautifullocationsinFinland.We

expectedtoexperiencealotof

thingsthere.2.Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecausewewereso

.

The

eight-hourtrainridewasquite

.3.Iwasnot

withthehotel.ItwasnotascleanasIhadexpected.Butwehada

mealatthehotel’srestaurant,soIfeltabitbetterlateron.4.Itwasraininghardthenextday,sowejuststayedinthehotelandwatchedTV.Sadly,theTVprogrammesthatdaywerereally

.

Aswehadnothingelsetodo,wefelt

pretty

.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.

ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese,payingattentiontothedifferent

meaningsofthe-edand-ingforms.

bore

excite

tire

satisfyboringexcitedexcitingtiredtiringsatisfiedsatisfyingboredGivenachance,wecansurprisetheworld.Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.(2)过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致(动词-ing形式作状语同样如此)，否则需加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。温馨提示(1)过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词，如:when,while,if,though,asif,unless,until等，以使句意表达得更清楚。Unlessconstantlyrepeated,theEnglishwordsareeasilyforgotten.逻辑主语与句子主语一致逻辑主语与句子主语不一致二、过去分词(短语)作表语1.用法过去分词(短语)作表语表示主语所处的状态或主观心理感受，相当于形容词的作用。Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter.看完信后，他看上去很忧虑。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved.当听到它时，我们被深深地感动了。(1)被动语态强调动作，主语是动作的承受者；过去分词(短语)作表语说明主语的状态或特征。2.过去分词(短语)作表语与被动语态的区别Thenovelwaswrittentenyearsago.这本小说是10年前写的。Thenoveliswellwritten.这本小说写得很好。(2)被动语态后常接by短语，表示动作的执行者；而过去分词作表语后不接by短语，但可以接其他的介词，表示特征。Thevillageissurroundedwithhillsonfoursides.那个村庄四面环山。Hewasfrightenedbecausehewassurroundedbyalotofdogs.他很害怕，因为他被一群狗围着。3.过去分词(短语)作表语和动词-ing形式作表语的区别过去分词(短语)作表语时表示主语的状态或心理感受，具有被动含义。而动词-ing形式作表语则表示主语的性质和特征，具有主动含义。Weweresurprisedatwhathesaidatthemeeting.我们对他在会上讲的话感到惊讶。Hiswordswerediscouraging,whichmademanypeoplediscouraged.他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。分词的做题步骤：一、分析考察的内容二、分析分词的逻辑主语三、确定逻辑主语和动词之间存在的关系（主动doing，被动done)分词作状语还要考虑，分词发生的动作和句子动作，看是同时进行(doing;

done)还是先后进行（havingdone;

havingbeendone)单句填空1.Whenheheardthe

story,hewasdeeply

.(move)

2.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand

(disappoint).

3.

(give)another10days,wearesuretocompleterepairingthemachine.

4.Weallfelt

atthe

news.(encourage)

5.

(impress)bythebeautifulscenery,Iforgottogobackhomeintime.

movingmoved

disappointed

Givenencouragedencouraging

Impressed

6.

(design)verycleverlytofitintocorners,theshelfdoesn’ttakeupmuchroom.

7.Thenewswas

andtheywereall

atit.(excite)

8.Ifyouget

(lose)inastrangeplace,you’dbetternotmoveandwaitforhelpthere.

9.Whenfirst

(introduce)tothemarket,thesenewproductsintheircompanyenjoyedagreatsuccess.

10.Mostoftheenterpriseswerehighly

(satisfy)withthebusinessenvironmentimprovement.

Designedexcitingexcited

lost

introduced

satisfied

11.Nearly10percentoftheirpopulationis

(enrol)intheelementaryschools.

12.Don’treadthereport

(literal)now;justskimthroughit.

13.Hewastalkingwithher

(pleasant)whentheteachercamein.

14.The

(thunder)soundcanbeheardhalforonekilometeraway.

enrolled

literally

pleasantly

thundering完成句子1.沐浴在阳光中，我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。_____________________________,wejumpedandcheeredwithjoy.2.一旦失去，这样的机会可能永远不会再来了。________________,suchachancemightnevercomeagain.

3.尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。_____________________________,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.

Bathed in the sunshine

Once lost

Warned of the stormEXAMPLEWhenpeopleaskedthemanwhatthetripmeanttohim,hesaiditwas“anexperienceofalifetime”.Whenaskedwhatthetripmeanttohim.themansaiditwas“anexperienceofalifetime”.1ButchartGardenswastransformedfromaquarry.Ithasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortravellers.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Rewritethesentences.Addinformationasnecessary.Transformedfromaquarry,ButchartGardenshasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortravellers.2IfyoucompareOuebecCitywithothercitiesinCanada.itseemsmorelikeacharmingEuropeanvillage.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3TheydidnotknowwheretostarttheirsightseeinginLuoyang.sotheywenttotheTouristInformationCentre.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4WhentheyheardthattheSea-to-SkyHighwaywasCanada’smostscenicdrive,theymadeWestVancouvertheirfirstdestination.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ComparedwithothercitiesinCanadaQuebeCityseemsmorelikeacharmingEuropeanvillage.NotknowingwheretostarttheirsightseeinginLuoyangtheywenttotheTouristInformationCentre.HearingthattheSea-to-SkyHighwaywasCanada’smostscenicdrive,theymadeWestVancouvertheirfirstdestination.用所给动词的正确形式填空1.

(build)tohonourtheChinesepoetXuZhimo,thememorialstoneinwhitemarbleatthebackofKing’sCollegeisnowanattraction.2.

(move)totheUKin1921,ZhimospentayearstudyingatKing’sCollege,3.

(attract)bytheromanticpoetryofEnglishpoetslikeJohnKeatsaswellasCambridgeitself.His