Unit4 Discovering Useful Structures - Assessing Your Progress 词汇精讲课堂

版本：新人教单元：必修三

Unit4

(DiscoveringUsefulStructures—AssessingYourProgress)词汇课堂1.soastoinorderto和soasto均有“为了”之意。强调目的时，可以将inorderto放在句首，soasto一般不放在句首。2.recyclere-(again再)+cycle(循环)→(使)再循环；回收利用派生词：recycling3.muscle词源：英语单词muscle来自拉丁语musculus(小老鼠)。古罗马人觉得鼓起的肌肉很像一只跳跃的小老鼠。熟词生义：体力；力气4.lack词块：(a)lackof,forlackof,lack(for)nothing派生词：lacking5.beyond词块：beyondrepair/control/belief,beyondthereachofsb,bebeyondsb6.solarsol(sun太阳)+-ar→太阳的；利用太阳能的词块：thesolarsystem,thesolarcalendar,solarenergy本单元词汇梳理7.currentcurr-(torun跑)+-ent(形容词词缀)→跑动中的→流动的→在时间里跑动→正在进行中→现行的隐喻：水/气/电流→

(事件、时代等)趋势；潮流词族：current,currency,currently8.sufficient正式用语(对应enough)9.soap词块：abar/pieceofsoap,soapopera10.microwavemicro-(微小的)+wave(波)11.facility常用复数12.keen近义词eager词块：bekeenon(doing)sth,bekeentodosth13.globetheglobe地球；世界

派生词：global,globally14.argue词块：arguewithsbabout/oversth=haveanargumentwithsbabout/oversth熟词生义：论证(arguefor/against;arguethat)派生词：argument15.shallow基本义“浅的”隐喻：具体的“浅的”→抽象的“肤浅的”16.resultin近义词cause,leadto17.pattern一词多义：基本义“模式”18.analysisana(up,throughout向上、始终)+lysis(aloosening解开、松开)→解开、松开(问题)→分析词块：carryout/doananalysisof派生词：analyse19.monitor词源义“班长”，后引申为“显示屏；监视器”名词动词化：监控；监视20.regular一词多义：基本义“规则的；有规律的”词块：regularcustomers/visitors/readers,regularexercise派生词：regularly21.smartphone合成词smart+phone22.resource词块：natural/humanresources23.limitedlimit+-ed(分词形容词)24.closingclose+ing；词块：inclosing25.mystery抽象名词具体化：意为“神秘的事物”时是可数名词派生词：mysterious26.runoutrunout不及物，主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等事物；runoutof及物，主语通常是人27.attach词源义是“fasten(withastake)”，即“把……绑/固定在……上”。词块：attach…to,attachimportanceto派生词：attached,attachment重难点词精讲figureout一词多义搭配义pattern一词多义熟词生义lack名词/形容词动词化argue&argument熟词生义regular®ularly一词多义英语释义attach一词多义beyond一词多义搭配义一词多义currentlack当前青少年会面临哪些问题？(a)lackofsleep缺乏睡眠/exercise缺乏运动/confidence缺乏自信lack

n[U]

[常用单数]缺乏；不足(shortage)：(a)lackoffood/money/sleep/skillsThesechildrenhavehealthproblemslinkedtopoordietandalackofexercise.forlackof因缺少：Theleavesturnedyellowforlackoflight.vt&vi[不用于被动语态]缺乏；短少；没有：AtfirstIlackedconfidence.Theylackedthemoneytosendhimtouniversity.lack(for)nothing[正式用语]什么也不缺：Asheisveryrichhelacksfornothing.lacking

adj

[不用于名词前]不足的；缺少的belackinginsth缺少某物反义表达：富含某物或某物很充足？berichin/beabundantin判断下列句子中lack使用是否正确。1.Sheislackofconfidence.2.Shelacksofconfidence.3.Shelacksinconfidence.4.Shesuffersfromalackofconfidence.5.Sheislackinginconfidence.6.Shelacksconfidence.

beyond中文名超越外文名Beyond组合成员黄家驹（1993年逝世）、黄贯中、黄家强、叶世荣成立时间1983年解散时间2005年代表作品《海阔天空》《光辉岁月》《真的爱你》《大地》《冷雨夜》《喜欢你》等beyond是“超越”的意思，乐队成员希望超越自己本身，不断创作出好的作品，这也是他们起这个名字的初衷。beyondprep➊［表示位置］在……的那边；远于：ItistheonlyplacebeyondtheEarthtohavebeenvisitedbyhumans.

［表示时间］在……以后；迟于：Thepartywentonuntilbeyondmidnight.

［表示数量、水平、限度］超出：Ispentmychildhoodworking,withresponsibilitiesbeyondmyage.2010重庆Anydriverfounddrinkingbeyondthelimitwillbecharged.2011福建

［表示范围］超出……的范围；非……所及：beyondrepair/control/beliefbeyondthereachofsb/beyondone’sreachSuchtestisfarbeyondtheabilityoftheaverageschoolkid.❺［常用于否定句和疑问句］除……以外：Iknownothingofitbeyondwhathetoldme.bebeyondsb超出某人的理解能力：Thewholeproblemwasquitebeyondhim.adv

在更远处；更往后：lookbeyondcurrent电流anelectricalcurrent气流aircurrents洋流oceancurrentscurrent

adj

[只用于名词前]

现时的；当前的；现行的：thecurrentPresidentStudentsareplacedintoclassesaccordingtotheircurrentlanguageskills.

通用的；流通的；流行的：currentmoneyacurrentaccountcurr-(torun,跑)+-ent(形容词词缀)→跑动中的→流动的→在时间里跑动→正在进行中→现行的n[C]

水流；电流；气流：awarmoceancurrentanelectricalcurrentSomebirdsusewarmaircurrentstohelpthemfly.

（事件、时代等）趋势；潮流：gowith/againstthecurrentofthetimescurrency

n[C]&[C]通货；货币；支付手段currentlyadv现时；当前figureoutfigureout由figure+out组成：figure→是……的重要部分out→出外把重要的部分找出来即“弄清楚；弄明白”。借助小品词out去理解figureout的各义项。

弄清楚；弄明白：Collegeiswhenweshouldfocusonaspecificmajor,buthighschooliswhenwehavetofigureitout.2015

湖南Icouldn’tfigureoutwhatIhaddonetoannoymyboss.

计算出：Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?

2012福建figureout弄清楚；弄明白figureout基本义弄清楚；弄明白“弄清楚；弄明白”人/事情“弄清楚；弄明白”数字等计算出figureout语义网络图argue

谈到“argue”一词，你可能会联想到怒气冲冲的人在“争吵”的画面。“争论；争吵”是你熟悉的argue的释义，但它还有另外一层释义——“论证”,从某种程度上说，是常见释义“争论”在程度上的加深。通过其英语释义(togivereasonsthatsupportyouropinionaboutsth)即“给出理由支持你的观点”也可以更好地理解这层释义。argue

v

vi争论；争辩；争吵：argue(withsb)(about/oversth)DoyoueverarguewithyourfamilyaboutwhichTVprogrammetowatch?

vi&vt

论证

togivereasonsthatsupportyouropinionaboutsth：Theauthorarguedfor/against

freeuniversityeducation.

2010北京改Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.2011广东argue表示“争论；争吵”时，后接介词with或about/over。语义程度递进arguement

n

[C]&[U]争吵；争论；辩论：haveanargument(withsb)(about/oversth)Igotintoaheatedargumentwithafriend.2013重庆改Settlethequestionbyargument,notbyfight.

[C]论据；理由；论点：Thisparagraphgivestheargumentsagainstcars.Weallfoundhisargumentconvincingandinteresting.

模式；方式；形式theregularwayinwhichsthhappens,develops,orisdone：changingpatternsofbehaviourPayattentiontothefollowingsentencepatterns.Shehasgotusedtothenewpatternsoffamilylife.

模型；纸样：adresspattern

图案；花样：apatternofdots

模范；榜样：setthepatternfor基本义pattern

n[C]模式（基本义）pattern生活、行为等的“模式”设计的图案、线条、色彩等有规律的“模式”可以模仿的“模式”模式；方式；形式图案；花样制作某物的“模式”模型；纸样模范；榜样pattern语义网络图regularregular源自单词rule（规则；规律）它的基本义是“规则的；有规律的”regularorirregular?

规则的；有规律的；定期的反irregularhavingthesameamountofspaceortimebetweeneachthingorpart：Thesidesofthebuildingaren’tregular,sothebuildinghasanunusualshape.2014湖北

Theequipmentischeckedonaregularbasis.

[只用于名词前]经常的；频繁的happeningordoingsthveryoften;frequent：regularcustomers/readersregularadj

[只用于名词前]正常的；惯常的；普通的：aregularschool/classOurregularopeninghoursare10a.m.to7p.m.

持久的；稳定的lastingorhappeningoveralongperiod：Maybea

regularjob

won’tbeasdullasIfeared.2014天津

[语法]规则的：regularverbsandirregularverbsregularlyadv

有规律地；定期地；经常：Wemeetregularly,onceamonth.Twothirdsoftheworld’spopulationregularlyeatrice.

regular语义网络图regular（有）规律的（基本义）事件发生的频率很高，其间“有”着内在的“规律”事件通常情况下的发生“有规律”事件“有规律”得

持续很长一段时间经常的；频繁的正常的；惯常的；普通的持久的；稳定的时间或空间间隔“有规律”规则的；有规律的；定期的regularly有规律地；定期地经常平时发邮件的时候你留意过上图中的图标吗？这个图标是添加附件

(attachfiles)的意思。附件英文为attachment，这个词的词根为

attach。attachattach的词源义是“fasten(withastake)”，即“把……绑/固定在……上”。attachattachv

vt系；贴；连接

tofastenorjoinonethingtoanother：Iattached

aphototomyapplicationform.Whilesleeping,astronautsmustattachthemselvestosomethingsoastopreventfloatingaround.

vt&vi

[正式用语]（与……）有关联：theadvantagethatattachestowealth

vt

认为……有（重要性、价值、意义）tobelievethatsthisimportantorworththinkingabout:

Tobehonest,alotofpeopleattach

greatimportancetobecomingrichandfamous.

Learningstrategies,towhichteachersattachimportance/significance,haven’tdrawnenoughattentionofstudents.

2009湖北改类似结构：applyoneselfto,contributesthtoattachedadj

附着的：theattachedapplicationform

[不用于名词前]附属于：Theresearchcenterisattachedto

theuniversity.

喜欢的；依恋的：Atfirst,wedidn’tfeelwebelonghere,butnowweareattachedtothelandweliveon.

attachmentn

[C]附件；附属品：Pleasefindmyapplicationletterandresumeintheattachment.

2016全国

[C]&[U]情感；爱慕：achild’sattachmenttoitsmother把……绑/固定在……上attach

（基本义）系；贴；连接

绑/固定的结果把一个物体绑/固定在另一物体上认为……有（重要性、价值、意义）attach语义网络图把抽象的重要性/价值等绑/固定在另一事物上（与……）有关联名词动词化说出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1.Withnobedandpillow,hesleptonthecouchforonenight.Hisheadpillowedonhisarms._________2.Seeingthetrafficsignalturnedtored,theteachersignaledthestudentstostopandwait.__________3.EarthorbitstheSunatanaveragedistanceof149.6millionkmandonecompleteorbittakesabout365days.__________4.Iwanttobuyamonitorformygrandfathersohecanmonitorhisbloodpressureatanytime.__________5.Mymothercameoverandbroughtacleantoweltoletmetowelmyhairdry.__________6.Thetotaloftherocketslaunchedhasrocketedfrom10in2016to38in2018.__________英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。例如，表示工具类的名词可转化为动词。枕着示意围绕着……运动检查/监测用毛巾擦迅速增加形容词动词化选出适当的动词，并用其正确形式填空。1.Thegovernmentwishesto________thecauseofpeace（和平事业）.2.John’ssoldierswere________themselvesforthefinalattack.3.Doingsomeexerciseshelps________thebodyoftension.4.Immediateactionshouldbetakento________theenvironment.（2013江苏）5.Somepeoplewillgainweight,nomatterhowhardtheytryto________.6.In1976,women________themselveswith26weeklyhoursofsweeping-and-dustingwork.（2009全国）7.I’ve________mypocketbutIstillcan’tfindmykeys.8.Decidingto________thestorm,hetookhisumbrellaandwentout.英语中有很多形容词可转化为动词，常表示具有该形容词意义的动作。ready,free,better,brave,further,slim,busy,emptyfurtherreadyingfreebetterslimbusiedemptiedbrave1.Sheislackinginconfidence.2.Collegeiswhenweshouldfocusonaspecificmajor,buthighschooliswhenwehavetofigureitout.2015

湖南3.Igotintoaheatedargumentwithafriend.2013重庆改4.Theequipmentischeckedonaregularbasis.5.Iattached

aphototomyapplicationform.本单元金句汇总随堂检测用lack的正确形式或其短语填空。1.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tpassthedrivingtestis____________practice.2.Hedidn’tpassthedrivingtest____________practice.3.—Jackstillcan’thelpbeinganxiousabouthisjobinterview.

—___________________self-confidenceishisAchilles’heel,Iamafraid.（2016

江苏）4.Theresearch____________solidevidence,andtherefore,itsconclusionsaredoubtful.（2012

浙江）lacklackingforlackofLackof/Alackoflacks阿喀琉斯，是凡人珀琉斯和美貌仙女忒提斯的宝贝儿子。忒提斯为了让儿子炼成“金钟罩”，在他刚出生时就将其倒提着浸进冥河，遗憾的是，乖儿被母亲捏住的脚后跟却不慎露在水外，全身留下了惟一一处“死穴”。后来，阿喀琉斯被太阳神一箭射中了脚踝而死去。后人常以“阿喀琉斯之踵（Achilles’heel）”譬喻这样一个道理：即使是再强大的英雄，他也有致命的死穴或软肋。beyond根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Thebicycleis_______________（无法修理）.2.Wemust_______________（眼光放远）forsignsofchange.3.Thesituationwas______________________（超出她的控制）.4.Howpeopledesigncomputergames____________（我无法理解）.5.Hespent$500onabicycle—it’s___________________（无法相信）!6.Fromthetopofthehillwecouldseeourhouseand_________________（远处的树林）.7.Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefits_________________________（除了身体健康）.beyondbeliefbeyondbeingphysicallyfitbeyondrepairlookbeyondbeyondhercontrolthewoodsbeyondisbeyondme写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Heswamtotheshoreagainstastrongcurrent. ___________2.Ifeltacurrentofcoolairblowinginmyface.___________3.Istartedmycurrentjobin1994.___________4.Theothermeaningofthewordisstillcurrent.___________5.Hemustsellthehouseforthecurrentmarketvalue.___________通用的气流现在的水流current目前的/当前的写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Ittookthemaboutonemonthtofigureouthowtostarttheequipment.___________2.Allenneedstositdownand

figureout

howmanypeoplearecoming.

___________3.Weappreciateyourapologies,butwehopethatyoucanfigureout

agoodwayofsettlingthematter.（2014辽宁）.

___________弄清楚；弄明白计算出找出figureout一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.ItisnousearguingwithBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind.

______________2.Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitiscrueltoeatanimals,butothersarguethattheycaneatmeatandstillbekindtoanimals.（2012广东）

______________argue争论/争吵论证/争辩二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Theyhaveargued__________eachotherforyears__________thebestwaytogrowpotatoes.2.Igotintoaheated___________(argue)withafriend.3.Whenyoupresentreasonswhyyoubelieveinsomething,youargue________it.4.Themainargument___________smokingisthatit’sbadforyourhealth.with

about/overforargumentagainst

________1.Thisshirthasablackandwhitestriped（有条纹的）pattern.________2.Thistypicalsleeppatternisusuallyreferredtoasthe“nightowl”scheduleofsleep.（2014四川阅读）________3.Thebooksetthepatternforover40similarhistoricalromances.________4.Sheboughtadresspatternandsomematerial.a.模式；方式；形式b.模型；纸样c.图案；花样d.模范；榜样cad

bpattern选出画线词的正确释义。一、将下列短语按regular的释义分类。regular释义

：规则的；定期的；有规律的followingapattern,especiallywiththesametimeandspaceinbetweeneachthingandthenextregular释义

：频繁的；经常的happeningordoingsthveryoften;frequentregular释义

______________________________________regular释义

______________________________________aregularcustomeraregularoccurrenceonaregularbasisaregularheartbeatregulararegularcustomer,aregularheartbeat,onaregularbasis,aregularoccurrence（常事）二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Afteryearsofregulartreatment,shefinallybecamehealthy.（2016天津） ____________2.Thekitethatisusedtogivelessonsisaregulardiamondkitewitharainbowpattern.（2012安徽）

____________3.OnMondayhewouldhavetoreturntohisregularduties. ____________4.Thehandsomeactorhasafacewithregularfeatures. ____________5.ThisisthebestburgerinHoustonforsure.Iabsol