江苏省常州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含听力）

2022～2023学年高三年级模拟试卷英语本试卷分四个部分。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdothesignalsshowtoday?A.“Stop”inbothways. B.“Go”inbothways. C.“Stop”inoneway.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Thesetrafficsignalsaren’tworkingproperly.Yesterdaytheyshowed“stop”inbothdirections.Thedaybeforeitwas“go”inbothdirections.Itshouldbe“stop”inonewayand“go”intheother.W:Lookatthemnow.They’rebacktohowtheywereyesterday.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredidthemangoyesterdayevening?A.Tothehotel. B.Totheairport. C.Totheoffice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ididn’tseeyoulastnightattheoffice.AreyouOK?W:Iwassobusy.FirstIwaslatetomeetmysisterattheairport,andthenwewenttothehotelanditwasfull!M:Ihopeeverything’sOK!3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanprobablywantthewomantodo?A.Gethimanewchickensandwich.B.Bringhimadifferentsandwich.C.Givehimhismoneyback.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Iapologize.Ineedtoreturnthischickensandwich.It’stotallyundercooked.Youcanseethemeatisnotdone.W:I’msosorry.Iwillhaveourkitchenmakeanewone.M:It’snotnecessary.Ijustwanttoreturnitandgo.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansee?A.Abird. B.Apicture. C.Atail.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Here,takealookatthatone.It’sinthetreeacrossfromus.Idon’tbelieveI’veeverseenitbefore.M:Oh,it’sbeautiful!Accordingtomybook,it’sveryspecialbecauseithasabluetail.Theydon’tnormallylivearoundhere.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Intheforest. B.Onthebeach. C.Inthemountains.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whatagreatview!Andthesandislikeflour.Itissosoftundermyfeet.Ilikeitalot.W:Ipreferthisplacetothosemountainswithrocksandlittlestones.Itissomuchnicertowanderabouthere.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhydoesthewomanwantthemantowatchBruno?A.Themanisavailableatanytime.B.Shesharesthehousewiththeman.C.Brunoknowstheman.7.WhomightBrunobe?A.Adog B.Acat. C.Amouse.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:AreyouavailablethisweekendtowatchBruno?IhavetogotothecityandIdon’twanttoleavehimalone.Hewilltearapartmyhouse.M:Ican’tthisweekend.I’mactuallygoingtoamusicfestival.Icanaskmyyoungersistertodoit.W:Brunodoesn’tdothatwellwithstrangers.That’swhyIaskedyou.M:It’snotlikeshewouldhavetotakehimoutforwalksoranything.Shejusthastositaroundyourhouse,right?Maybeyoushouldchangealitterboxandfeedhim,unlesshefillsuponamouseorsomething.W:Iguessso.Wait,Idon’thavemice!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whendidthemanseethefox?A.Lastnight B.Thismorning C.Yesterdaymorning9.Wherewasthemanwhenhesawthefox?A.AtJamie’shouse. B.Atschool C.Insidehishouse.10.Whatdidthemanfeelabouttheanimal?A.Excited. B.Uninterested. C.Sad【答案】8.A9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Sarah,you’llneverbelievewhatIsawyesterdayafterJamie’sparty!W:Whatisit?Youwereactinglikeyousawaspirit.M:ItwasjustbeforemidnightwhenIheardanoiseoutside.WhenIlookedthroughmywindow,Isawawhitefoxrunningacrossthegrassland!HowluckyIwas!W:Awhitefox?Ithoughtthoseonlyliveinreallycoldplaces.M:Ithinkitwasaspecialsnowywhiteanimal.IlookeditupontheInternetthismorningjusttomakesureIwasn’tgoingcrazy.Thefoxes’whitecoathappenswhennoneoftheirfurorskinhasacertainchemicalthatmakesthedarkcolors.Itcanhappentoalmostanyanimal!W:Iamsurprisedwedidnotlearnaboutthatinschool.Iamsoenvious!Nexttimeyoushouldtakeapicture!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirfavoriteanimals.B.Thedevelopmentofcreatures.C.Thestrangebehaviorsofanimals.12.Whichcreatures’behaviorconfusesthewomanmost?A.Ducks’. B.Kangaroos’. C.Camels’.13.Howmanytypesoffishdoesthewomanmention?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.【答案】11.B12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M:Isn’tthedevelopmentoflifeanamazingthing?Ithinkit’sunbelievablehowcreatureshaveadaptedtotheirsurroundings.W:Yes,lookatkangaroosandcamelswiththeirstrangeshapes.Butonethingthatpuzzlesmethemostishowduckscansitinfreezingwaterandnotgetcold.M:Iseewhatyoumean.Theyarewarmblooded,aren’tthey?W:Andlookatfish.Thereisonewithaswordonitsnoseandonewithahammer.M:Thefunniestkindistheonewithafishingpoleonitsnose.Thatissostrange.W:Andwearerelatedtomonkeys.WhichanimaldoyouthinkImostlooklike?M:IwouldsayalittlemouseratherthanamonkeyWhataboutme?W:Youarelikeafaithfullittledog.M:Hey,dogsaren’tthemostintelligentcreatures.Isupposemicearen’teither,buttheyarequitecute.W:Onceagain,anintelligentconversationturnsintosomethingverysilly!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatdoweknowaboutFred?A.Hehasn’tgotovertheflu.B.Hehasgottwokids.C.Heestoofficeeveryday15.WhoisKaren?A.Theman’swife. B.Theman’scoworker. C.Theman’sdaughter16.Howmanykidsdoesthemanhave?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.17.Whatdoesthemanusuallydoonweekendswithhiskids?A.Givethempianolessons.B.Dointerestingactivitieswiththem.C.Watchamovieallnightlong.【答案】14.B15.A16.A17.B【解析】【原文】W:Morning,Jim.Fredhasbeenoutsickfromtheofficeforafewdaysnow.IsheOK?M:Goodmorning,Lisa.Fredisgettingoverthefluactually.Ihavesenthisworktohimthroughhisemail.Ithinkheactuallyisdoingbetterworkathome,evenwithhistwokidsaround.W:Oh,no!It’swiseforhimtocalloutsickthen.Itwouldbeterribleifeveryoneintheofficegotsicktoo.IfmydaughterHannahgetsillthenmyhusbandwillneedtostayhomewithher,sinceIcannottakeoffsomanydays.Howareyourkids?M:Thekidsaregood.Karenishomewiththemwhilesheisstillonherworkbreakfromhavingthebaby.GrahamandSaraharebothstartingpianolessonsnextweek,though.W:I’msureKarenhasherhandsfullathomewiththetwinsandthebabyPeter.M:Oh,yes.Eventhoughsheistired,shestillsmilessowidewhenIehome.Iamenviousthatshegetstospendsomuchtimewithkids.IalwaysmakesureourweekendsarefulloffunactivitiesIcandowiththem,becausebythetimeIgethometheyarealmostreadyforbed.Usuallywejustwatchamovietogethertilltheyfallasleep.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisadifferencebetweenloansandgrants?A.Theuseofthemoney.B.TheneedforpayingbackC.Theamountofavailability.19.Howdoesthewebsitehelpthestudents?A.Bygivinghelponwritingessays.B.Byprovidingawaytofindproperscholarships.C.Byofferingfreelivingadvice.20.Whatinformationisincludedintheformtofillout?A.Collegemajors.B.Collegefunctions.C.Educationlevelandexperience.【答案】18.B19.B20.C【解析】【原文】U.S.egecanbeveryexpensiveintheU.S.Dependingontheirfamilies’financialsituations,studentsmayreceivefinancialaidintheformofloansorgrants.Loansmustbepaidbacktothelender,butgrants(助学金)areusuallyfreeaidfromeitherthegovernmentortheschoolsthemselvestopayforeducationalexpenses.Anotherformoffinancialhelpisscholarships.Likegrants,theyarefinancialassistancethatdoesnotneedtoberepaid.Scholarshipsareoftengivenbyprivateorganizationsorindividuals.Astudentmustfilloutanapplicationorwriteanessaytobeawardedthescholarship.Scholarshipsareinhighdemand,sothereisusuallyalotofpetition.Therearedifferentkindsofscholarships,andstudentsoftendonotknowwhatfinancialaidcouldbeavailabletothem.Inordertohelpwiththeprocessesofsearchingandapplying,somewebsitessuchasFastWebassiststudentsinfindingscholarshipsthatmatchtheirabilitiesandinterests.FastWeboffersfreescholarshipsearchesaswellasotherschoolandworkrelatedhelpinareaslikegeneralfinancialaidandcareerplanning.Onthewebsite,thereisaformtofillout.Thisprovidesinformationlikeeducationlevel,interests,andexperience.AnotherpopularfeatureofFastWebisthecollegesearchfunction.Studentscanlookupcollegesaccordingtolocation,major,orabinationofthese.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheChinesewrittenlanguageoriginatedveryearly.However,peoplebegantoliketheartofwriting,andpayattentiontothecreator’sthinkingandspiritsincetheperiodbetweentheLateHanDynastyandWeiJinDynasty.TheChinesecalligraphyfonts(字体)graduallyevolvedfromoracle,Chinesebronzeinscriptionsandsilkmanuscriptstothefollowingfivemainschools:SchoolRepresentativeMasterFeatureSealScriptLiSiThereareBigZhuanandSmallZhuan.TheBigZhuanincludesalltheancientChinesecalligraphyfontsbeforeQinDynasty.TheSmallZhuanarethecharactersmonlyusedbyofficialsafterQinunitedChina.Thesecharactersfeaturebalancedleftandrightpartsandabitplicatedstructures.OfficialScriptCaiYongAsimplifiedformofscriptsincesealcharactersweretooplicatedforofficialstousewhencopyingdocuments.RegularScriptOuyangXun,YanZhenqing,LiuGongquanAlsonamedZhenshuorZhengshu,Kaishuisregularwithatightstructureandfluentstrokes.CursiveHandZhangXu,HuaiSuCaoshuischaracterizedbysketchy,simplifiedformsofcharacters,oftendistortedorexaggeratedtoachieveaninternalrhythmicappearancewithinthepositionsofcharacters.RunningHandWangXizhi,YanZhenqing;SuShiXingshuissomethingbetweentheregularscriptandthecursivescriptsintheinitialperiodandnowisbetweentheofficialscriptandcursive(草写体的)hand.Chinesemastershavealwaysparedthethreestylesofwriting,Kaishu,Xingshu,Caoshutopeoplestanding,walkingandrunningrespectively.21.ThedifferencebetweenSealScriptandOfficialScriptliesin______.A.thedifficultytowrite B.theirfunctioninuseC.whooftenwrotethem D.howcursivetheyare22.Whichschoolisparedtopeoplewalkingaccordingtothetext?A.OfficialScript. B.RunningHand.C.CursiveHand. D.RegularScript.23.IfyouwanttopracticebothRegularScriptandRunningHand,whoisabetterchoicetochoosebasedonthisarticle?A.OuyangXun. B.YanZhenqing.C.ZhangXu. D.WangXizhi.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的五个书法艺术流派。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据SealScript中的Thesecharactersfeaturebalancedleftandrightpartsandabitplicatedstructures.(这些字的特点是左右平衡，结构有点复杂。)和OfficialScript中“Asimplifiedformofscriptsincesealcharactersweretooplicatedforofficialstousewhencopyingdocuments.”（由于篆书过于复杂，官员在抄写文件时无法使用，因此简化了文字形式。）可知，篆书与隶书的区别在于书写的难度。故选A项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据RunningHand中“Chinesemastershavealwaysparedthethreestylesofwriting,Kaishu,Xingshu,Caoshutopeoplestanding,walkingandrunningrespectively.”（中国的大师们总是把楷书、行书、草书这三种文体分别比作人的站立、行走和奔跑。）可知，行书流派被比作人的行走。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据RegularScript中“YanZhenqing”以及RunningHand中“YanZhenqing”可知，如果你想同时练习楷书和行书，根据这篇文章，你应该选择颜真卿流派。故选B项。BAsmallaccidentledtoprofoundchangesinthelifeofYangLi,anartisan(手艺人),whoisfromtheMiaoethnicgroup.In201l,Yang,fromTongrencityinGuizhouprovince,createdleafvein(脉络)embroidery(刺绣)threemonthsafteraleafcutherhand.Theworkisaperfectbinationoftraditionalembroiderypatternsandthenaturaltextures(纹理)oftheleavesIthasauniqueaestheticappealoftraditionalembroiderymatchedwiththecharacteristicsofcontemporarycraftsmanship.AsanativeMiaowomanwithaninbornloveofembroidery,Yangopenedafolkcultureproductsshopwithhersisterin2011.“Peoplearebeinglessfamiliarwithtraditionalhandicrafts,andIwanttocontributeallIcantochangethissituation,”Yangsays.Atfirst,thesmallshopdidnotearnasignificantineasthereweremanysimilarproductsonthemarket.Shegraduallyrealizedthatitwasimportanttoestablishherownbrandandlaunchproductswithdistinctfeatures.That’swhenshewasinspiredbythecut.InJuly2011,YangaccidentallycutherhandonathornyleafwhenshewashikinginFanjingMountain.Aboldideacameintoherhead:“Thereareleafveinbookmarksandleafveinpaintings.Whyhasnobodycreatedleafveinembroideryet?”Obviously,thereasonbehindthisisthatembroideringonleavesrequiresdelicateskillsthatfewpossess.ThebiggesttechnicalchallengeYangfacedwasimprovingtheflexibilityoftheleavesandmakingthemassoftascloth.OnOct16,adayshewillneverforget,Yangfinallycreatedashiny,thinandunbreakablepieceofleafvein.Herideaofleafveinembroiderycametopletionafterhundredsofexperiments.Twoyearslater,Yangopenedanembroideryprocessingfactoryandofferedjobstomorethan500laidofffemaleworkers,ruralwomenandpeoplewithdisabilities.“Iwillkeepdoingtheleafveinembroideryfortherestofmylifebecauseitismeaningful,”shesays.24.WhatdoweknowaboutYangLi’sfolkcultureproductsshop?A.Itwasinspiredbyacutbyaleafinherhand.B.Itwasafailurebeforeshebegantosellsimilarproducts.C.ItwasintendedtopreservetraditionalChinesehandicrafts.D.ItperfectlybinedtraditionalChinesebooksanddrawings.25.WhatisYangLi’sdifficultyinmakingherleafveinembroidery?A.Findingclothwithveinliketexture.B.Creatinganewembroiderypattern.C.Changingleavesintounbreakablecloth.D.Softeningupleavesforbetterflexibility.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesYangLi?A.Ambitiousandinnovative. B.Caringandpatient.C.Persistentanddemanding. D.Humorousandoptimistic.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Anembroideryskill. B.Apromisingcareer.C.Aculturalshop. D.Anadmirableartisan.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了一位苗族绣娘杨丽，因手指被树叶划破而创作出“叶脉绣”的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Peoplearebeinglessfamiliarwithtraditionalhandicrafts,andIwanttocontributeallIcantochangethissituation,’Yangsays.(人们对于传统手工艺越来越陌生了，我想尽我所能来改变这种状况)”可知，杨丽的民俗文化特产店是为了保护中国的传统手工艺。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ThebiggesttechnicalchallengeYangfacedwasimprovingtheflexibilityoftheleavesandmakingthemassoftascloth.(杨丽面临的最大技术挑战是提高叶子的柔韧性，让它们像布料一样柔软)”可知，杨丽在制作叶脉绣时遇到的困境是软化叶子以获得更好的灵活性。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“In2011,Yang,fromTongrencityinGuizhouprovince,createdleafvein(脉络)embroidery(刺绣)threemonthsafteraleafcutherhand.(2011年，来自贵州铜仁市的杨女士在一片树叶割伤了手三个月后创作了叶脉刺绣)”可知，杨丽很有创造性，根据最后一段“Twoyearslater,Yangopenedanembroideryprocessingfactoryandofferedjobstomorethan500laidofffemaleworkers,ruralwomenandpeoplewithdisabilities.‘Iwillkeepdoingtheleafveinembroideryfortherestofmylifebecauseitismeaningful,’shesays.(两年后，杨丽开了一家刺绣加工厂，为500多名下岗女工、农村妇女和残疾人提供了就业机会。她说：‘我这辈子都会继续做叶脉刺绣，因为它很有意义。’)”可知，杨丽有野心。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“In2011,Yang,fromTongrencityinGuizhouprovince,createdleafvein(脉络)embroidery(刺绣)threemonthsafteraleafcutherhand.(2011年，来自贵州铜仁市的杨女士在一片树叶割伤了手三个月后创作了叶脉刺绣)”可知，文章主要介绍了一位苗族绣娘杨丽，因手指被树叶划破而创作出“叶脉绣”的故事，她致力于发展刺绣产业，帮助传承民族传统技艺。故D项“一位令人敬佩的手艺人”能够总结文章大意。故选D。CHumanshavealwaysassumedthatthereisahugegulfbetweenanimalbehaviorandhumandevelopment.However,recentresearchintoanimalsshowsthatanimalsarecontinuouslydesigninginnovativemethodstofinishtheirtasks.Examiningthenatureandresultsoftheircreativitycanhelpusunderstandevolution.Researchshowsthatanimalstoocanbecreative.Byinventingnewbehavioralpatternsandadjustingtheirbehaviortonewcontexts,aswellastochangesinsocialandecologicalenvironments,researchersshowthatanimalinnovationtoocanbediverse.Forinstance,chimpanzees(猩猩)usetoolssuchassharpspinesandstalkstoremovetheheartsofpalmvegetablesfromtrees.Herringgulls(鲜鱼海鸥)foundoutquiteacruelwayofkillingrabbitsdrowningtheminthesea.Innovativespeciestendtosurvivewhentheyenternewplaces,butnovelbehaviorcannotberecognizedunless“normal”behaviorisstudied.Researcherscannowcountanddocumenttheinnovationsthathavebeencreatedbyspecies,whichwouldhelpthemtoquantifytheircreativity.Studiesalsoshowusthatallanimalsarenotequallyinventive,withprimates(灵长目动物)tendingtobemoreinnovativeduetotheirbiggerbrains.Thegreatestscientificsignificancehasbeentheinnovationshownbyanimalssuchasapes,capuchinsandmacaquesamongprimates.Thesespeciesofprimatespossessthebiggestbrainsinproportiontotheirbodysizes.Theyarealsoheavytoolusers.Theirbroaddietsandplexformsoflearningarealsoinsightful.Theyindicateanevolutionarystrategythatgavethemnewsolutionstolife’schallenges.However,eveniftheseanimalsshowinnovativeness,theydonothavetheabilitytoimproveuponsolutionsofothers.Unlesstheyshareinformationaccuratelyandcopyeachother’sinventions.theircreativeinventionsarelikelytovanishbeforetheycanbeinnovatedfurther.Thisabilitycanbemanagedonlybyhumans,forweareabletobuildonsharedknowledge.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gulf”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Difference. B.Conflict. C.Balance. D.Connection.29.Whydoestheauthormention“chimpanzees”and“Herringgulls”inParagraph2?A.Theyarebothcreative.B.Theyarebothheavytoolusers.C.Theycreateinnovationsindifferentways.D.Theykillotheranimalsinthesamecruelway.30.Whatcanwelearnaboutanimalcreativity?A.Itisequallydistributedamonganimals.B.Ithelpsanimalsadapttotheenvironment.C.Animals’innovationsareeasytobeidentified.D.Animals’innovationsarefacinghugechallenges.31.Whataspectofanimalsdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theirabilitytoshareinformationaccurately.B.Theirwillingnesstolearnfromeachother.C.Theirinabilitytotakecreativityforward.D.Theirunwillingnesstocooperateeffectively.【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是研究发现动物并不像人类一直以来所认为的那样与人类的发展有着巨大的差距，实际上动物也是不断地通过创新来完成它们的任务的，而这一点进一步提高了它们适应环境的能力。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“However,recentresearchintoanimalsshowsthatanimalsarecontinuouslydesigninginnovativemethodstofinishtheirtasks.(然而，最近对动物的研究表明，动物在不断地设计创新的方法来完成它们的任务。)”可知动物们在完成任务方面同人类一样是在不断创新的，副词however表示前后意思相反，所以划线词所在句子想要表达的意思是人们一直以来以为动物在行为方面是远远落后于人类发展的，即动物行为与人类发展之间存在很大的差距，所以划线词gulf的意思与A项“Difference(差距)”意思相近。故选A项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Researchshowsthatanimalstoocanbecreative.Byinventingnewbehavioralpatternsandadjustingtheirbehaviortonewcontexts,aswellastochangesinsocialandecologicalenvironments,researchersshowthatanimalinnovationtoocanbediverse.(研究表明，动物也有创造力。通过发明新行为模式，调整它们的行为以适应新的环境，以及社会和生态环境的变化，研究人员表明，动物的创新也可以是多样化的。)”可知研究表明，动物的创新也可以是多样化的，而后文为了证明这一点举了两个例子——猩猩和鲜鱼海鸥，而这也就说明了猩猩和鲜鱼海鸥在以不同的方式进行创新。故选C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theirbroaddietsandplexformsoflearningarealsoinsightful.Theyindicateanevolutionarystrategythatgavethemnewsolutionstolife’schallenges.(它们广泛的饮食和复杂的学习形式也很有见地。它们表明了一种进化策略，为它们提供了应对生活挑战的新方法。)”可知动物的创造力代表了一种进化策略，而这种进化使得动物们更加灵活地适应环境。故选B项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“However,eveniftheseanimalsshowinnovativeness,theydonothavetheabilitytoimproveuponsolutionsofothers.Unlesstheyshareinformationaccuratelyandcopyeachother’sinventions.theircreativeinventionsarelikelytovanishbeforetheycanbeinnovatedfurther.Thisabilitycanbemanagedonlybyhumans,forweareabletobuildonsharedknowledge.(然而，即使这些动物表现出创新能力，它们也没有能力改进其它动物的解决方案。除非它们准确地共享信息并复制彼此的发明。它们的创造性发明很可能在进一步创新之前就消失了。这种能力只能由人类来管理，因为我们能够建立在共享知识的基础上。)”可知动物不能像人类那样共享知识，也就意味着它们不能改进其它动物的解决方案，所以最后一段主要讲的是动物不能改进它们的创造力。故选C项。DPersonally,thereisnothingIlovemorethanasking“stupid”questions,especiallytheonesthathavenorightanswers.Irememberonceaskingsomekidswhattimeitwas,athome,inSingapore,andfinallyontheMoon.Afteralonggigglingsilence,finallyashygirlventured(试探地说)tosaythatitwas“everytime”followedbyanenergeticEinsteinwhoshouteditwas“notime”.Bothkidssharedthatweek’sNoblePrize,becausenohumansliveinthatdistantworldandtimeisahumanconstruct.Asamatteroffact,weareallgoodataskingquestionsbynature,butsadlyasweage,wegetaccustomedtotheworldaroundusandtakethingsforgranted.Webecamemoreresultsoriented(注重结果的)andconcentrateoureffortsonsuccess.Ifsomethingisworking,don’tfixitorworryaboutthecause;justrelaxandgowiththeflow.Conventionalwisdommayworkwell,butthatdoesnotmeanitisalwaysright.Throughouthistory,ithasbeenthosewhohavequestionedconventionalwisdomandthosewhohavechallengedourmonsensenotionsoftheworldthathavebeentheonestohaveusheredin(开)themajoradvancementsofhumancivilization.In500BC,theancientGreekswonderedwhethertheEarthwasroundbecausesailorsontheseahadnoticedthatthefarthersouththeywent,themoredifferentstarstheysawinthesky.Whywastheskychanging?Nearly2,000yearslater,theItalianastronomerGalileoGalileibecameinterestedinthisquestionandendedupdemonstratingthe“crazy”conceptofheliocentrism(日心说),inwhichtheSunliesatthecenteroftheuniversewhiletheEarthrevolves(旋转)arounditat30kilometerspersecond.ButiftheEarthisspinningaroundsoquickly,whyaren’twebeingthrownoffofthesurfaceoftheplanet?Theanswertothisquestionwouldnotendupbeingrevealedtousforanothercentury.Peoplelikeroutine,butpastperformanceisnoguaranteeoffutureresults.Whilethosewhochallengeconventionalwisdomtendtobesubjectedtoabuse,theprogressofhumankindwouldhaveotherwisebeenimpossiblewithoutthesepersistentpeopleandtheir“stupid”questions.32.Whatisthebesttitleofthisarticle?A.Asking“stupid”questions.B.Isconventionalwisdomuseless?C.SomemajoradvancementsofhumancivilizationD.Whatcausedthemtoaskconventionalquestions?33.Whatmonlyhappenstouswhenwegrowolderaccordingtotheauthor?A.Welaytoomuchemphasisonprocess.B.Westillrefusetorelaxandgowiththeflow.C.WestarttochallengemonsensenotionsoftheworldD.Wegraduallylosetheabilitytoquestionconventionalwisdom.34.Whomighthavesolvedthequestion“whyaren’twebeingthrownoffofthesurfaceoftheplanet?”A.AnancientGreekscientistlivingin500BCB.GalileoGalileilivingbetween1564and1642.C.IsaacNewtonlivingbetween1643and1727.D.AlbertEinsteinlivingbetween1879and1955.35.Howdoestheauthordevelophiswritingonthewhole?A.Byparisonandcontrast.B.Byusingsupportingexamples.C.Byusingtimeandspaceorder.D.Bygeneralizationanddefinition【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是议论文。文章论证了问“愚蠢”的问题的重要性，说明正是那些质疑传统智慧和挑战我们对世界的常识性观念的人，引领了人类文明的重大进步。【32题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Personally,thereisnothingIlovemorethanasking‘stupid’questions,especiallytheonesthathavenorightanswers.(就我个人而言，没有什么比问“愚蠢”的问题更让我喜欢的了，尤其是那些没有正确答案的问题。)”和最后一段中“Whilethosewhochallengeconventionalwisdomtendtobesubjectedtoabuse,theprogressofhumankindwouldhaveotherwisebeenimpossiblewithoutthesepersistentpeopleandtheir‘stupid’questions.(虽然那些挑战传统智慧的人往往会受到指责，但如果没有这些坚持不懈的人和他们提出的“愚蠢”问题，人类的进步就不可能实现。)”可知，作者认为“愚蠢”的问题非常重要，并用举例的方法说明了“愚蠢”的问题的意义，由此推知“Asking‘stupid’questions.(问“愚蠢”的问题)”是文章最佳标题。故选A项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Asamatteroffact,weareallgoodataskingquestionsbynature,butsadlyasweage,wegetaccustomedtotheworldaroundusandtakethingsforgranted.(事实上，我们天生都善于提问，但可悲的是，随着年龄的增长，我们已经习惯了周围的世界，认为一切都是理所当然的。)”可推知，根据作者的说法，当我们变老时，我们通常会认为周围一切都是理所当然的，失去了质疑传统智慧的能力。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“In500BC,theancientGreekswonderedwhethertheEarthwasroundbecausesailorsontheseahadnoticedthatthefarthersouththeywent,themoredifferentstarstheysawinthesky.Whywastheskychanging?Nearly2,000yearslater,theItalianastronomerGalileoGalileibecameinterestedinthisquestionandendedupdemonstratingthe‘crazy’conceptofheliocentrism(日心说)，inwhichtheSunliesatthecenteroftheuniversewhiletheEarthrevolves(旋转)arounditat30kilometerspersecond.(公元前500年，古希腊人想知道地球是否是圆的，因为海上的水手们注意到，他们越往南走，他们在天空中看到的不同的星星就越多。为什么天空在变化?近2000年后，意大利天文学家伽利略·伽利莱对这个问题产生了兴趣，并最终证明了日心说的“疯狂”概念，即太阳位于宇宙的中心，而地球以每秒30公里的速度围绕它旋转。)”可知，伽利略在公元1500年左右提出“日心说”，结合“ButiftheEarthisspinningaroundsoquickly,whyaren’twebeingthrownoffofthesurfaceoftheplanet?Theanswertothisquestionwouldnotendupbeingrevealedtousforanothercentury.(但如果地球旋转得这么快，为什么我们没有被甩出地球表面呢?这个问题的答案直到一个世纪后才揭晓。)”可知，对于为什么我们没有被甩出地球表面这个问题，是在伽利略提出“日心说”一个世纪后，即公元1600多年才弄清楚的，由此推知，生于1643年至1727年的艾萨克·牛顿可能是解决这个问题的人。故选C项。【35题详解】推理判断题。作者在第二段“Throughouthistory,ithasbeenthosewhohavequestionedconventionalwisdomandthosewhohavechallengedourmonsensenotionsoftheworldthathavebeentheonestohaveusheredin(开)themajoradvancementsofhumancivilization.(纵观历史，正是那些质疑传统智慧和挑战我们对世界的常识性观念的人，引领了人类文明的重大进步。)”中提出观点，然后在第三段中通过例举古希腊人和意大利天文学家伽利略·伽利莱来说明正是质疑引领了人类文明的重大进步，由此可知作者是通过列举支撑例证的方式来展开写作的。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Accordingtoa2022report,nearlyaquarterofpeoplehadrelationshipsthatwerenegativelyaffectedbycontradictoryviewsduringCOVIDtime.____innormaltimes,wegainandlosefriendsallthetime.____36____And,onceyoudo,what’sthebestwayforward?Beclearandresponsiblerelate.____lictsovercorevalues,therearemanyreasonswhypeoplestopbeingfriends:maybeyoujustdriftedapartaftergraduating;maybeoneofyouhashitamilestone(parenthoodsay)andtheothercan’trelate.____37____Askyourselfwhyyou’reconsideringendingthefriendship.Next:haveyoutoldthattotheotherperson?Whentoletitfadeaway____38____Headdsthatagradualfadecanbefine—ifbothpartiesareawareit’shappening.Inreality,therearecertainsituationswhereghostingisthebeststrategy.Friendshipscantakeontoxic(有毒的)qualities.Accordingtoonesurvey,84percentofwomenand75percentofmenreporthavinghadarudefriend.____39____FindasilverliningThomas.____owafriendshipends,ithurtstoletgoofsomeoneyoulove.“Strugglingtoacceptthesituationisnormal.”saysThomas.____40____Counterintuitive(违反直觉的)asitmayseem,findingsomethingtobegratefulforintheformerfriendshipcanhelp,anditcanalsosto