山东省郓城第一初级中学2025届八下英语期中调研试题含答案

山东省郓城第一初级中学2025届八下英语期中调研试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、They________whilewewerehavingdinner.A.havearrived B.arrived C.werearriving D.arrive2、—MyfavouritesingercametoNanningtoholdaconcertbutImissedit.—________!A.Whatapity B.Goodidea C.Comeon3、Thegirlisnot________enoughtogonearthedog.A.brave B.lonely C.huge4、B【解析】【详解】句意：我去度假时，你介意帮我照看一下我的宠物猫吗？考查动词短语。短语minddoingsth意为“介意做某事”，空处应填动名词，takecareof意为“照顾”，故选B。5、Thisismymother’s________letter.Nobodyelsehastherighttocheckit.A.daily B.private C.lovely6、—,LiMing?—I’mlookingformypencilcase.A.Whatdoyouthink B.Whatareyouupto C.Howareyoutoday D.Guesswhat7、Shelives_________inthehouse,butshedoesn’tfeel________atall.A.lonely;alone B.alone;alone C.lonely;lonely D.alone;lonely8、Ourteacheroftentellsus________intheriver.It’sdangerous.A.don’tswim B.notswim C.nottoswim9、AfewChinesegovernmentworkershaveturnedintolivestreamers(网络主播)tohelplocalfarmers________thesales.A.return B.realize C.improve D.provide10、Whenthelittleboycouldn’tfindhismother,he________crying.A.lookedforwardto B.gotusedto C.couldn’thelp二、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）11、Iambusynow.Couldyouleavea________(信息)onmyWechat？12、Thewomanisrichenoughtoa________theexpensivecar.13、如果我们不停止砍伐，也许以后就再也没有树木了。Theremaybe________________treesinthefutureifwedon’tstopcutting.14、你曾经梦想过不带护照环游全世界吗？Haveyouever________________________________theworldwithoutpassports?15、他每个星期六在动物医院做志愿者。(汉译英)_______________________________________________三、补全对话（10分）16、根据对话内容，从下面选项中选出恰当的句子补全对话，有一个选项是多余的。YangMing:HiSarah!Whatareyouupto?Sarah:Hi,YangMing!___1___YangMing:Travelling?___2___Sarah:Yes.Summeristhebesttimetotravel.YangMing:___3___Sarah:Notyet.Couldyougivemesomesuggestions?YangMing:___4___It’sanancientcity.Sarah:That’sagoodidea.___5___YangMing:Iwillworkintheoldpeople’shome.Sarah:Thatsoundswonderful!A.Areyouplanningforthesummerholiday?B.What’syourplanfortheholiday?C.HowaboutXi’an?D.Sure.E.Haveyoudecidedwheretogo?F.I’mmakingatravellingplan.四、阅读理解（40分）17、阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从文后的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。18、Oneafternoon,inParis,Itookatriptoanartmuseumwhilewaitingformyhusbandtofinishabusinessmeeting.Iwaslookingforwardtoaquietviewofsomegreatpaintingsofexcellentartists.youngcouplelookingatthepaintingsinfrontofmeweretalkingnon-stop.Iwatchedthemamomentanddecidedshewasdoingallthetalking.Infact,Iwassurprisedatthismanforputtingupwith(忍受)hereverlastingspeech.Boredbytheirnoise,Imovedon.ImetthemseveraltimesasImovedthroughthoseroomsofart.EachtimeIheardhervoice,Imovedawayatonce.Iwasstandingatthemuseumgiftshopbuyingsomecardswhenthecouplewalkedtotheexit.“He’sabraveman,”saidtheshopassistant.“Mostofuswouldgiveupifwewereblindatsuchayoungage.Butheandhiswifecomeinwheneverthere’sanewartshow.”Itexplainedthenon-stoptalk!AsuddensenseofshamecametomyheartforwhatIwasthinkingjustnow.“Butwhatdoeshegetoutoftheart?”Iasked.“Hiswifedescribeseachpaintingsohecanseeitinhishead.”AtthatmomentIrealizedwhatwerepatience,courageandlove.Isawthepatienceofayoungwifedescribingpaintingstoapersonwhocouldn’tseeandthecourageofahusbandwhowouldnotallowblindnesstochangehislovetowardsart.AndIfeltthelovesharedbythetwoasIwatchedthemwalkingawayholdingeachother’shands.1.Howdidthewriterfeelinthebeginningwhenhearingthewoman’stalking?A.Surprised. B.Bored. C.Excited. D.Happy.2.Whydidthewifekeeptalkingwhileenjoyingtheartwiththehusband?A.Shepreferredtalkingtolistening. B.Shewastooexcitedtokeepsilent.C.Shelikedtoshowoffinfrontofothers. D.Shetoldeverythingtoherhusband.3.What’sthecorrectorderaboutthepassage?a.Boredbytheirnoise,Imovedon.b.Iwasstandingatthemuseumgiftshopbuyingsomecards.c.Itookatriptoanartmuseumwhilewaitingformyhusband.d.ImetthemseveraltimesasImovedthroughthoseroomsofart.e.Ayoungcouplelookingatthepaintingsinfrontofmeweretalkingnon-stop.A.c-e-a-d-b B.c-a-e-d-b C.e-c-b-d-a D.e-c-a-b-d4.Thepassagemainlyshowsus________.A.howtowatchpaintings B.howfriendlythewomanisC.howartchangedpeople’slife D.whatpatience,courageandloveare19、Finally,youfinishallyourschoolworkandsitbackinyourchair.Suddenlyyoufeelaheadacheandrealizeyoureyesarepainful.What’sgoingon?Doctorssaythatmanystudentsarespendingtoomuchtimeinfrontofscreens,especiallyduringonlineclasses.Thefollowingmightbeofsomehelptoyou.THE20-20-20RULEThisgivesyoureyesabreakfromlongscreentime.Itsuggestslookingatsomethingatleast20feetawayfor20secondsafter20minutesofworkonthescreen.Youcanthencontinueworkingpainfree.•Studiesshowthatpeopleblink(眨眼睛)lessoftenwhenlookingatascreen.Keepyoureyeswetbyblinkingoftenorusingeyedrops.•Situpstraightaboutanarm’slength(长度)awayfromthescreen.Makesureyou’relookingdownatyourscreen.Standupandexerciseoftentoavoidneckandshoulderpain.•Whataboutbluelightblackingglasses(防蓝光眼镜)?Theymaylookcool,butresearchshowsthatbluelightisn’tthebiggestcauseofeyetiredness.Soaskdoctorsaboutcomputerglassesbeforeputtingthemon.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Whoisthetextwrittenfor?A.Parents. B.Students. C.Doctors. D.Patients.2.Whatarethekeywordsinthe20-20-20rule?A.20minutes,20feet,20times.B.20seconds,20times,20feet.C.20feet,20seconds,20minutes.D.20times,20minutes,20seconds.3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentenceinthetext?A. B. C. D.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thereasonsforeyetiredness.B.Theinfluenceofonlineclasses.C.Theimportanceofcomputerglasses.D.Thesuggestionsabouteyeprotection.5.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A.Health. B.Sports. C.Culture. D.Travel.20、Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood,takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Butthebestwayisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare,thelongersleepyouneed.Butregardlessof(不管)age,somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileforsomeafewhoursisenough.AccordingtotheWHO,overhalfpeopleintheworldmaybesleep-deprived(睡眠不足的).Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone,sleepydriverscauseatleast100,000trafficaccidentsayear.Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure.Whyaresomanypeoplesleep-deprived?Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.InAmericanculture,peopleputahighervalueonworkthanonsleep.Also,youcansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon’thavemuchtimetosleep.Theyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo.Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaas,anexpertinsleep.Hesays,“Sleepislikeacreditcard(信用卡).Whenyousleepless,youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.”Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep,theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersonsaid,“Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolishideaanditisheldbypeoplewithnoimagination.You’llbeabletodomore.”1.WhichisNOTmentionedwhentalkingaboutthewaystoimprovehealth?A.Takingtoomuchexercise. B.Gettingmedicalhelp.C.Eatinghealthyfood. D.getenoughsleep.2.Inwriter’sopinion,lesssleepmaycause________morelikely.①tiredness②trafficaccidents③foolishness④medicalproblems.A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①③④3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Overhalfofpeopleintheworldmaybesleep-deprived.B.Thelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo.C.InUnitedStates,sleepydriverscauseatleast100,000trafficaccidentsayear.D.Whenyousleepless,youareborrowingtime.4.Whatdoesunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto(指代)?A.Creditcard. B.Money. C.Work. D.Time.5.Whatisthebesttitle(标题)ofthepassage?A.Thefactsofsleep B.Theimportanceofthesleep C.Thewaystosleepwell D.Thewaystoimprovehealth五、完形填空（10分）21、阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答卷上将该项涂黑。Laughterisnaturalforpeople.Westarttolaughataboutfourmonthsofage.Westarttolaugheven____1____westarttospeak.Laughterconnectsuswithothers.Welaughmorewhenwearewithotherpeople.It’sdifficulttopretend（假装）tolaugh.Laughteris____2____.Whenpeoplepretendtolaugh,mostpeopleknowit’snotreal.Whendopeoplelaugh?Only10to5percentoflaughterisaboutsomething____3____.Mostlaughterisaboutbeingfriendlywithotherpeople.Mostlaughtersays,“Idon’twantto____4____withyou.Iwanttobefriendlywithyou.”Thiskindoflaughterbringspeopletogether.Weoftenlaughwhenwefeelnervous.Inmovies,thereisoftenajokeatanexcitingmomentwheneveryonefeelsnervous.Itisusuallya(n)____5____joke,butwelaughalot.Ourlaughterhelpsus____6____.Whydoesn’teveryonelaughatthesamejoke?Noteveryonehasthesamesenseof____7____.Somepeoplethinkajokeisfunny,butotherpeopledon’tthinkso.Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatisfunny.Ourideaofwhatisfunnychangeswith____8____.Foryoungchildren,theworldisnew.Theyareinterestedinmanythings,sotheylaugh____9____.Teenagersoftenlaughtoprotectthemselves.Adultslaughatthemselvesandotherpeoplewithsimilarproblems.Theylaughatthingsthatgivethemstress.Our____10____forlaughterchangegradually（逐渐地）.1.A.when B.before C.after D.until2.A.honest B.difficult C.happy D.different3.A.crazy B.wonderful C.funny D.important4.A.laugh B.work C.play D.compete5.A.small B.big C.interesting D.famous6.A.work B.exercise C.sleep D.relax7.A.smell B.duty C.humour D.safety8.A.knowledge B.places C.time D.culture9.A.little B.alot C.loudly D.happily10.A.examples B.minds C.results D.reasons六、阅读表达（10分）22、阅读下面的短文，回答下面5个问题，要求所写答案语义完整，语法正确。Parentingisnoteasy.That’swhyfamilyeducationexpertSuShuspendshisdaysofferingsuggestionsonproblemslike“Mykidlovesplayingcomputergames.WhatshouldIdo?”and“Mysondoesn’twanttogotoschool.Canyouhelpme?”The50-year-oldstartedworkinginfamilyeducationin2016.In2019,Beijingsetupcounseling(咨询)roomstosolveproblemsbetweenparentsandchildren.Sujoinedthecounselingroomproject(项目)lastyear.Thecounselingroomsprovidetwo90-minutemeetingsadayonweekdaysduringschoolterms.Andthey’reopeneverydayduringsummerandwintervacations.Expertsandvolunteersaretheretoanswerfamilies’questions.Theparentsthereusuallyhaveproblemsincommunicatingwiththeirchildren.“Manyparentsdon’tknowenoughaboutfamilyeducation.Wecanhelpthemhaveabetterunderstandingoftheirkids,”Susaid.WangLinisaprimaryschoolteacherinBeijingandavolunteerofthecounselingroomproject.“Thereareover100counselingroomsinBeijingnow,andtheyhavehelpedbuildabridgebetweenparentsandchildren.Thatshowstheimportanceofourwork,”Wangsaid.1.WhydoesSuShuspendtimeofferingsuggestionsonfamilyeducation?__________________________________________________________2.WhendidBeijingsetupcounselingrooms?__________________________________________________________3.Whoareofferinghelpinthecounselingrooms?__________________________________________________________4.Whatproblemsdoparentsusuallyhave?__________________________________________________________5.HowdoesWangLinthinkaboutthecounselingroomproject?__________________________________________________________七、书面表达（20分）上周五你们学校举办了校文化节，学生们踊跃参加了不同的俱乐部，请你根据下面的表格提示并适当发挥。人物俱乐部活动收获/感想TomVolunteerClub为有需要帮助的同学筹款活动很有意义JackBodyLanguageClub了解不同国家的肢体语言开心又有趣LucyTraditionalSkillsClub学习剪纸，了解传统技艺传承传统文化你自己……（自己补充）……（自己补充）……（自己补充）提示词：传承passon注意：1.字数约80字左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）。2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。WeheldaculturefestivalinourschoollastFriday.Manystudentsinmyclassjoinedtheclubs.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、B【解析】【详解】句意：他们来的时候我们正在吃晚饭。考查时态。arrive到达，根据“whilewewerehavingdinner”可知，此处表示我们正在吃晚饭的时候，他们到来了，while引导的过去进行时，主句用一般过去时，故选B。2、A【解析】【详解】句意：——我最喜欢的歌手来南宁开演唱会，但我错过了。——真遗憾！考查情景交际。Whatapity真遗憾；Goodidea好主意；Comeon快点。根据“…butImissedit.”可知，对方错过了想看的演唱会，空处应对此表示遗憾。故选A。3、A【解析】【详解】句意：这个女孩不够勇敢，不敢靠近那条狗。考查形容词辨析。brave勇敢的；lonely孤独的；huge巨大的。根据“enoughtogonearthedog”可知是不够勇敢去靠近那条狗。故选A。4、Thegovernmenthasbuiltsomenaturalparks__________protectpandas.A.tohelp B.help C.helped D.helps5、B【解析】【详解】句意：这是我母亲的私人信件。其他人没有权利检查它。考查形容词辨析。daily每日的；private私人的；lovely可爱的。根据“Nobodyelsehastherighttocheckit.”可知，这是我母亲的私人信件。故选B。6、B【解析】【详解】句意：——你在忙什么呢，李明？——我在找我的铅笔盒。考查情景交际。Whatdoyouthink你觉得怎么样；Whatareyouupto你在忙什么呢；Howareyoutoday今天你好吗；Guesswhat你猜怎么着。根据“I’mlookingformypencilcase.”可知，上句是询问对方在做什么。故选B。7、D【解析】【详解】句意：她独自一人住在房子里，但一点也不感到孤独。考查词义辨析。lonely寂寞的、孤独的，形容词；alone独自的、独立的、单独地，既可以作副词，也可以作形容词。根据“Shelives...”可知，第一空修饰动词“lives”，填副词，故填“alone”；根据“shedoesn’tfeel...atall.”可知，此处作表语，填形容词，表达“孤独的”，故填“lonely”。故选D。8、C【解析】【详解】句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们不要在河里游泳。这很危险。考查动词不定式的否定形式。tellsb.nottodosth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，固定用法。故选C。9、C【解析】【详解】句意：一些中国政府工作人员变成了网络主播来帮助当地农民提高农产品的销量。考查动词辨析。return返回；realize意识到；improve改善、提高；provide提供。根据“AfewChinesegovernmentworkershaveturnedinto

livestreamers”可推出是帮助农民提高农产品的销量。故选C。10、C【解析】【详解】句意：当这个小男孩找不到他妈妈时，他禁不住哭起来。考查动词短语。lookedforwardto期待；gotusedto习惯于；couldn’thelp禁不住。根据“Whenthelittleboycouldn’tfindhismother...crying”可知，孩子找不到妈妈，应该是禁不住哭了，couldn’thelpdoingsth“禁不住做某事”。故选C。二、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）11、message【解析】【详解】句意：我现在很忙。你能在我的微信上留言吗？message表示“信息”，leaveamessage表示“留言”。故填message。12、(a)fford【解析】【详解】句意：这个女人很有钱，买得起那辆昂贵的汽车。根据“Thewomanisrichenoughto...”可知很有钱，买得起昂贵的汽车，afford“买得起”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(a)fford。13、①.no②.more【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“再也没有”的英文翻译。nomore意为“不再、再也没有”，故填no；more。14、①.dreamt##dreamed②.of③.travelling##traveling④.around【解析】【详解】dreamof“梦想”，此句为现在完成时，动词用过去分词dreamt/dreamed；travelaroundtheworld“环游世界”，of是介词，后跟动名词作宾语，travel的动名词为travelling或traveling。故填dreamt/dreamed；of；travelling/traveling；around。15、HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturday.【解析】【详解】根据题干，句子是肯定句，他：he，作主语，句首字母需大写；做志愿者：volunteer；在动物医院：atananimalhospital；每个星期六：everySaturday，时间状语置于句末；句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词需要三单式。故填HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturday.三、补全对话（10分）16、1.F2.A3.E4.C5.B【解析】【导语】本文主要是二人讨论暑假计划。【1题详解】根据“Whatareyouupto?”可知，此处应该介绍自己在忙什么，选项F“我正在制定一个旅行计划。”符合语境，故选F。【2题详解】根据“Yes.Summeristhebesttimetotravel.”可知，此处与暑假相关，选项A“你在计划暑假吗？”符合语境，故选A。【3题详解】根据“Notyet.”可知，还没决定好某件事，选项E“你决定去哪儿了吗？”符合语境，故选E。【4题详解】根据“Couldyougivemesomesuggestions?”和“It’sanancientcity.”可知，此处提到一个古老的城市，选项C“西安怎么样？”符合语境，故选C。【5题详解】根据“Iwillworkintheoldpeople’shome.”可知，此处介绍自己的暑假计划，选项B“你的假期计划是什么？”符合语境，故选B。四、阅读理解（40分）17、阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从文后的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。18、1.B2.D3.A4.D【解析】【导语】本文讲述了作者在博物馆看画作时碰到了一对夫妇。他们总是不停说话，谈论着那些画。作者感到厌烦，并且尽量避开他们。后来，作者从店员那里得知，那个丈夫失明却热爱艺术，于是他的妻子用语言向他描述那些画。作者感到很羞愧，同时也感受到了他们之间的爱。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Iwassurprisedatthismanforputtingupwith(忍受)hereverlastingspeech.Boredbytheirnoise,Imovedon.”可知，作者感到很厌烦，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Mostofuswouldgiveupifwewereblindatsuchayoungage.Butheandhiswifecomeinwheneverthere’sanewartshow”和“Hiswifedescribeseachpaintingsohecanseeitinhishead”可知，因为丈夫失明了，他的妻子描述了每幅画，这样他就能在脑海中看到它。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Oneafternoon,inParis,Itookatriptoanartmuseumwhilewaitingformyhusbandtofinishabusinessmeeting”可知，作者在等丈夫的时候，去了一趟艺术博物馆。根据“Ayoungcouplelookingatthepaintingsinfrontofmeweretalkingnon-stop.”可知，一对年轻夫妇看着作者面前的画，不停地说话。根据“Boredbytheirnoise,Imovedon”可知，作者对他们的噪音感到厌烦，就走开了。根据“ImetthemseveraltimesasImovedthroughthoseroomsofart.”可知，当作者穿过那些艺术展厅时，作者遇到了他们好几次。根据“Iwasstandingatthemuseumgiftshopbuyingsomecardswhenthecouplewalkedtotheexit.”可知，作者站在博物馆礼品店买一些卡片。所以正确的顺序是c-e-a-d-b。故选A。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据“AtthatmomentIrealizedwhatwerepatience,courageandlove.Isawthepatienceofayoungwifedescribingpaintingstoapersonwhocouldn’tseeandthecourageofahusbandwhowouldnotallowblindnesstochangehislovetowardsart.AndIfeltthelovesharedbythetwoasIwatchedthemwalkingawayholdingeachother’shands.”可知，在那一刻，我明白了什么是耐心、勇气和爱。我看到了一个年轻的妻子向一个看不见的人描述绘画的耐心，以及一个不让失明改变他对艺术的热爱的丈夫的勇气。当我看着他们牵着彼此的手走开的时候，我感受到了他们俩分享的爱。所以D选项“什么是耐心，勇气和爱”符合文章大意，故选D。19、1.B2.C3.D4.D5.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向学生介绍几点保护视力的方法。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“Finally,youfinishallyourschoolworkandsitbackinyourchair.”可知，你完成了所有的作业，坐在椅子上，所以本文是写给学生的，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Itsuggestslookingatsomethingatleast20feetawayfor20secondsafter20minutesofworkonthescreen.”可知，它建议在屏幕上工作20分钟后，看至少20英尺外的东西20秒。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“situpstraightaboutanarm’slengthawayfromthescreen”可知，要坐直，离屏幕大约一臂的距离，故选D。【4题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要向学生介绍几点保护视力的做法，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。本文主要向学生介绍几点保护视力的做法，所以推测可能在杂志的健康版块看到这篇文章。故选A。20、1.A2.C3.B4.D5.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠是最简单、最便宜的改善健康的方法，以及睡眠少的危害、睡眠对工作的影响和导致睡眠不足的原因等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood,takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.”可知，有很多方法可以帮助改善你的健康，比如吃健康的食物、锻炼身体和寻求医疗帮助。故没有提到过度锻炼。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents”和“Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure”可知，睡眠不足会导致疲劳、交通事故和医疗问题。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“InAmericanculture...Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo”可知，在美国文化中，似乎你睡得越少，你做的工作就越多。但这个观点并不正确，并不是你睡得越少，你做的工作就越多。故选B。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Whenyousleepless,youareonlyborrowingtime”可知，当你睡眠不足时，你只是在借用时间，时间总是要还回去的。所以it指代的是”时间”。故选D。【5题详解】最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了睡眠是最简单、最便宜的改善健康的方法，以及睡眠少的危害、睡眠对工作的影响和导致睡眠不足的原因等。即介绍了睡眠的重要性。故选B。五、完形填空（10分）21、1.B2.A3.C4.D5.A6.D7.C8.C9.B10.D【解析】【导语】本文主要谈论笑在人们生活中的作用，并解答人们何时会笑，为什么会笑。【1题详解】句意：我们甚至在开始说话前就开始会笑了。when当……时候；before在……前；after在……之后；until直到。根据“Laughterisnaturalforpeople.Westarttolaughataboutfourmonthsofage.”可知我们大概在四个月时就开始笑。所以我们在开始说话前就开始会笑。故选B。【2题详解】句意：笑是真诚的。honest真诚的，诚实的；difficult困难的；happy快乐的；different不同的。根据“It’sdifficulttopretend（假装）tolaugh.”可知假笑是很难的。根据后文“Whenpeoplepretendtolaugh,mostpeopleknowit’snotreal.”可知当人们假笑的时候，大多数人知道是不真实的。由此可推断出，此处指笑是真诚的。故选A。【3题详解】句意：只有10%到5%的笑声是关于有趣的事情。crazy疯狂的；wonderful完美的；funny滑稽的；好笑的；important重要的。根据下句“Mostlaughterisaboutbeingfriendlywithotherpeople.”可知大部分的笑都是友好的，可知此处指的是只有10%到5%的笑声是关于有趣的事情。故选C。【4题详解】句意：我不想和你竞争。laugh笑；work工作；play玩；compete竞争。根据“Iwanttobefriendlywithyou.”可知我想和你友好相处，所以前面应该是我不想和你竞争。故选D。【5题详解】句意：这通常是一个小笑话，但我们经常笑。small小的；big大的；interesting有趣的；famous著名的。根据后文“butwelaughalot”可知此处表转折，前面应该是个“小笑话”，故选A。【6题详解】句意：我们的笑声帮助我们工作。work工作；exercise运动；sleep睡觉；relax放松。根据“Weoftenlaughwhenwefeelnervous.”可知我们感到紧张时常常笑，所以笑让我们放松，故选D。【7题详解】句意：不是每个人都有同样的幽默感。smell气味；duty责任；humour幽默；safety安全。根据后文“Somepeoplethinkajokeisfunny,butotherpeopledon’tthinkso.Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatisfunny.”可知有些人认为笑话很有趣，但有些人不这么认为。人们对什么有趣有不同的看法，所以不是每个人都有同样的幽默感，故选C。【8题详解】句意：我们所认为的“有趣”是随着时间的推移而变化的。knowledge知识；places地点；time时间；culture文化。根据后文可知，本段讲述从幼儿到成人笑的理由各不相同。由此可知，我们所认为的“有趣”是随着时间的推移而变化的，故选C。【9题详解】句意：他们对很多事情都感兴趣，所以笑得很开心。little一点，形容词；alot非常，副词；loudly大声地；happily开心地。根据“Theyareinterestedinmanythings,sotheylaugh…”可知他们对很多事情感兴趣，所以他们经常笑，要用副词修饰动词“laugh”，故选B。【10题详解】句意：我们笑的原因逐渐改变。