2024大学英语四级考试真题及答案第一套

2024大学英语四级考试真题及答案第一套一、写作（15分）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencommentonpeople’saddictiontosmartphones.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.图片描述：在一个家庭聚餐的场景中，每个人都坐在餐桌旁，但都低头专注于自己的手机，没有人交流。范文Asisvividlyshowninthepicture,afamilyishavingadinnertogether.However,insteadofchattingandenjoyingthemeal,everyfamilymemberisengrossedintheirsmartphones.Thispicturereflectsacommonphenomenoninmodernsociety:people'saddictiontosmartphones.Smartphoneaddictionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.Ononehand,itunderminesfacetofacecommunication.Inthepicture,thefamilymembersarephysicallytogetherbutemotionallydistant.Theymisstheopportunitytostrengthenfamilybonds.Ontheotherhand,excessiveuseofsmartphonesmayhavenegativeimpactsonpeople'shealth,suchaseyestrainandsleepdisorders.Tosolvethisproblem,weshouldbemoreawareoftheharmofsmartphoneaddiction.Wecansetspecifictimelimitsforusingsmartphonesandengagemoreinreallifeactivities.Onlyinthiswaycanweregainabalancedandhealthylifestyle.二、听力理解（35分）（一）短篇新闻（7题，每题1分）NewsReport1Afirebrokeoutinalargeshoppingmallinthecitycenterlastnight.Thefirestartedonthethirdfloor,whichismainlyoccupiedbyclothingstores.Witnessessaidtheysawthicksmokebillowingoutofthewindowsandheardseveralexplosions.Firefightersarrivedatthescenewithin10minutesandimmediatelystartedtofightthefire.However,duetothelargeamountofflammablematerialsintheclothingstores,thefirespreadquickly.Asofthismorning,thefirehasbeenbroughtundercontrol,buttheexactcauseofthefireisstillunderinvestigation.Twofirefighterswereslightlyinjuredduringtheoperation,andseveralshopsonthethirdfloorwerecompletelydestroyed.1.Wheredidthefirestartintheshoppingmall?A.Onthefirstfloor.B.Onthesecondfloor.C.Onthethirdfloor.D.Onthefourthfloor.答案：C答案分析：原文明确提到“Thefirestartedonthethirdfloor”，所以选C。2.Whatwasthemainreasonfortherapidspreadofthefire?A.Thelackoffirefightingequipment.B.Thelargeamountofflammablematerials.C.Thehighrisestructureofthemall.D.Thestrongwindatthattime.答案：B答案分析：文中指出“duetothelargeamountofflammablematerialsintheclothingstores,thefirespreadquickly”，故选B。3.Howmanyfirefighterswereslightlyinjuredduringtheoperation?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.答案：B答案分析：原文说“Twofirefighterswereslightlyinjuredduringtheoperation”，所以答案是B。NewsReport2Thelocalgovernmenthasannouncedanewpolicytoreducetrafficcongestioninthecity.Startingnextmonth,privatecarswithoddnumberedlicenseplateswillbeallowedtodriveonMondays,WednesdaysandFridays,whilethosewithevennumberedlicenseplatescandriveonTuesdays,ThursdaysandSaturdays.Sundayswillbeafreedrivingdayforallprivatecars.Publictransportation,suchasbusesandsubways,willbeincreasedduringpeakhourstoencouragepeopletousepublictransit.Thegovernmenthopesthatthispolicywillnotonlyeasetrafficjamsbutalsoreduceairpollutioninthecity.4.Whencanprivatecarswithoddnumberedlicenseplatesdrive?A.Tuesdays,ThursdaysandSaturdays.B.Mondays,WednesdaysandFridays.C.Sundaysonly.D.EverydayexceptSundays.答案：B答案分析：根据原文“privatecarswithoddnumberedlicenseplateswillbeallowedtodriveonMondays,WednesdaysandFridays”，可知选B。5.Whatwillthegovernmentdotoencouragepeopletousepublictransit?A.Lowertheticketprice.B.Increasepublictransportationduringpeakhours.C.Buildmoresubwaystations.D.Providefreebusrides.答案：B答案分析：文中提到“Publictransportation,suchasbusesandsubways,willbeincreasedduringpeakhourstoencouragepeopletousepublictransit”，所以答案是B。6.Whatisthemainpurposeofthenewpolicy?A.Toincreasetheincomeofthegovernment.B.Topromotethesaleofpublictransportationtickets.C.Toeasetrafficjamsandreduceairpollution.D.Tolimitthenumberofprivatecars.答案：C答案分析：由“Thegovernmenthopesthatthispolicywillnotonlyeasetrafficjamsbutalsoreduceairpollutioninthecity”可知选C。7.Onwhichdaycanallprivatecarsdrive?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Saturday.D.Sunday.答案：D答案分析：原文提到“Sundayswillbeafreedrivingdayforallprivatecars”，所以选D。（二）长对话（8题，每题1分）Conversation1M:Hi,Lily.Howwasyourweekend?W:Itwasgreat.Iwenttotheartexhibitionatthecitymuseum.M:Soundsinteresting.Whatkindofartwasondisplay?W:Therewerealotofpaintings,sculpturesandsomemodernartinstallations.Thepaintingsweremainlyfromlocalartists,andtheycoveredawiderangeofstyles,fromtraditionaloilpaintingstoabstractones.M:Didyoulikeanyoftheworksinparticular?W:Yes,Ireallylikedaseriesofoilpaintingsaboutthecountryside.Thecolorsweresovivid,andtheymademefeelasifIwasinthebeautifulruralscenery.M:Thatsoundswonderful.IwishIhadgonetheretoo.W:Well,theexhibitionwilllastforanothertwoweeks.Youstillhaveachancetogo.8.WheredidLilygolastweekend?A.Tothecitypark.B.Totheartexhibitionatthecitymuseum.C.Totheshoppingmall.D.Totheconcerthall.答案：B答案分析：Lily明确说“Iwenttotheartexhibitionatthecitymuseum”，所以选B。9.Whatkindofartwasondisplayattheexhibition?A.Onlypaintings.B.Paintings,sculpturesandmodernartinstallations.C.Sculpturesandphotos.D.Modernartinstallationsandmusicperformances.答案：B答案分析：Lily提到“Therewerealotofpaintings,sculpturesandsomemodernartinstallations”，故选B。10.WhatkindofpaintingsdidLilylikeinparticular?A.Abstractpaintings.B.Traditionaloilpaintingsofthecity.C.Aseriesofoilpaintingsaboutthecountryside.D.Watercolorpaintings.答案：C答案分析：Lily说“Ireallylikedaseriesofoilpaintingsaboutthecountryside”，所以答案是C。11.Howlongwilltheexhibitionlast?A.Oneweek.B.Twoweeks.C.Threeweeks.D.Fourweeks.答案：B答案分析：Lily说“Theexhibitionwilllastforanothertwoweeks”，选B。Conversation2W:Tom,I'mthinkingabouttakingaparttimejobthissemester.M:That'sagoodidea.Itcannotonlyhelpyouearnsomemoneybutalsogainsomepracticalexperience.W:Yes,Iknow.ButI'mnotsurewhatkindofjobtotake.M:Well,therearemanyoptions.Youcouldworkinalibrary,acoffeeshoporabookstore.W:Idon'twanttoworkinacoffeeshop.Theworkthereistootiring.M:Howaboutthelibrary?Youcanworkquietlythereandalsohaveaccesstoalotofbooks.W:Thatsoundsgood.ButI'mworriedthattheworkinghoursmightconflictwithmyclassschedule.M:Youcantalktothelibrarystaffaboutyourclassscheduleandseeiftheycanarrangeasuitableworkingtimeforyou.12.Whydoesthewomanwanttotakeaparttimejob?A.Tomakenewfriends.B.Toearnmoneyandgainexperience.C.Toimproveherlanguageskills.D.Totravelaround.答案：B答案分析：Tom说“Itcannotonlyhelpyouearnsomemoneybutalsogainsomepracticalexperience”，说明这是女生想兼职的原因，选B。13.Whydoesn'tthewomanwanttoworkinacoffeeshop?A.Thepayistoolow.B.Theworkistootiring.C.Theenvironmentistoonoisy.D.Thelocationistoofar.答案：B答案分析：女生说“Idon'twanttoworkinacoffeeshop.Theworkthereistootiring”，所以选B。14.WhatdoesTomsuggestthewomantodoaboutthelibraryjob?A.Applyforitimmediately.B.Forgetaboutit.C.Talktothelibrarystaffaboutherclassschedule.D.Waitforabetteropportunity.答案：C答案分析：Tom说“Youcantalktothelibrarystaffaboutyourclassscheduleandseeiftheycanarrangeasuitableworkingtimeforyou”，选C。15.WhatkindofparttimejobdoesTomfirstmention?A.Workinginalibrary.B.Workinginacoffeeshop.C.Workinginabookstore.D.Workingasatutor.答案：B答案分析：Tom说“Youcouldworkinalibrary,acoffeeshoporabookstore”，最先提到咖啡店，选B。（三）听力篇章（10题，每题2分）Passage1Theimportanceofsleepcannotbeoverstated.Sleepisnotjustatimewhenourbodiesrest;itisacomplexandessentialprocessforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Duringsleep,ourbodiesrepairandregeneratecells,andourbrainsconsolidatememories.Lackofsleepcanhaveseriousconsequences.Itcanleadtofatigue,difficultyconcentrating,andevenanincreasedriskofchronicdiseasessuchasheartdiseaseanddiabetes.Adultsgenerallyneed79hoursofsleeppernight.However,manypeopleinmodernsocietydonotgetenoughsleepduetovariousreasons,suchasworkpressure,excessiveuseofelectronicdevicesbeforebedtime,andirregularsleepschedules.Toimprovesleepquality,itisrecommendedtoestablisharegularsleepschedule,avoidusingelectronicdevicesatleastanhourbeforebedtime,andcreateacomfortablesleepenvironment.16.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Thebenefitsofexercise.B.Theimportanceofsleepandhowtoimproveit.C.Thecausesofheartdisease.D.Thefunctionsofthebrain.答案：B答案分析：文章先强调睡眠的重要性，又提到改善睡眠质量的方法，选B。17.Whathappenstoourbodiesduringsleep?A.Ourbodiesgrowtaller.B.Ourbodiesrepairandregeneratecells.C.Ourbodiesstoremoreenergy.D.Ourbodiesdigestfoodfaster.答案：B答案分析：文中说“Duringsleep,ourbodiesrepairandregeneratecells”，所以选B。18.Whatcanlackofsleepleadto?A.Weightloss.B.Improvedmemory.C.Fatigueandanincreasedriskofchronicdiseases.D.Betterconcentration.答案：C答案分析：原文提到“Lackofsleepcanhaveseriousconsequences.Itcanleadtofatigue,difficultyconcentrating,andevenanincreasedriskofchronicdiseasessuchasheartdiseaseanddiabetes”，选C。19.Howmanyhoursofsleepdoadultsgenerallyneedpernight?A.57hours.B.79hours.C.911hours.D.1113hours.答案：B答案分析：文中明确“Adultsgenerallyneed79hoursofsleeppernight”，选B。20.Whatisrecommendedtoimprovesleepquality?A.Usingelectronicdevicesbeforebedtime.B.Havinganirregularsleepschedule.C.Establishingaregularsleepscheduleandavoidingelectronicdevicesbeforebedtime.D.Eatingalargemealbeforebedtime.答案：C答案分析：“Toimprovesleepquality,itisrecommendedtoestablisharegularsleepschedule,avoidusingelectronicdevicesatleastanhourbeforebedtime”，选C。Passage2Theworldisfacingaseriouswatershortageproblem.Althoughabout70%oftheEarth'ssurfaceiscoveredbywater,onlyasmallfractionofitisfreshwaterthatcanbeusedbyhumans.Mostofthefreshwaterislockedinglaciersandicecaps.Humanactivities,suchasoverextractionofgroundwater,pollutionofwatersources,andrapidpopulationgrowth,havefurtherexacerbatedthewatershortageproblem.Inmanyregionsaroundtheworld,peopledonothaveaccesstocleanandsafedrinkingwater.Toaddressthisissue,weneedtotakeseveralmeasures.Firstly,weshouldimprovewateruseefficiencyinindustriesandagriculture.Secondly,weshouldstrengthenwaterpollutioncontroltoprotectwatersources.Thirdly,wecandevelopnewwatersavingtechnologiesandpromotetheiruse.21.WhatpercentageoftheEarth'ssurfaceiscoveredbywater?A.About30%.B.About50%.C.About70%.D.About90%.答案：C答案分析：文中提到“Althoughabout70%oftheEarth'ssurfaceiscoveredbywater”，选C。22.Whyisthereawatershortageproblem?A.ThereisnotenoughwateronEarth.B.Mostofthewaterissaltwater,andhumanactivitieshavemadethesituationworse.C.Theclimateistoodry.D.Peoplewastetoomuchwaterathome.答案：B答案分析：文中说明大部分水是不能用的盐水，且人类活动加剧了缺水问题，选B。23.Whatcanwedotoaddressthewatershortageproblem?A.Increasewaterpollution.B.Wastemorewater.C.Improvewateruseefficiencyandcontrolwaterpollution.D.Stopusinggroundwater.答案：C答案分析：文中提到要提高用水效率、加强水污染控制等，选C。24.WhatismostofthefreshwateronEarthlockedin?A.Rivers.B.Lakes.C.Glaciersandicecaps.D.Underground.答案：C答案分析：原文说“Mostofthefreshwaterislockedinglaciersandicecaps”，选C。25.Whichofthefollowinghumanactivitieshasexacerbatedthewatershortageproblem?A.Plantingmoretrees.B.Overextractionofgroundwater.C.Usingwatersavingdevices.D.Recyclingwater.答案：B答案分析：文中指出“Humanactivities,suchasoverextractionofgroundwater,pollutionofwatersources,andrapidpopulationgrowth,havefurtherexacerbatedthewatershortageproblem”，选B。三、阅读理解（35分）（一）词汇理解（10题，每题0.5分）Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.TheInternethasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives.Ithaschangedthewaywelive,workandcommunicate.However,italsobringssomeproblems.Oneofthemostseriousproblemsisonlineprivacy.WiththedevelopmentoftheInternet,moreandmorepersonalinformationisbeing26ontheweb.Companiesandorganizationscollectdataaboutourbrowsinghistory,shoppinghabitsandevenour27information.Thisinformationcanbeusedforvariouspurposes,suchastargetedadvertising.Whiletargetedadvertisingcanbe28tosomeextent,italsoraisesconcernsaboutprivacy.Toprotectouronlineprivacy,weneedtobemore29aboutwhatweshareonline.Weshouldavoidsharingsensitiveinformation,suchasourpasswordsandcreditcardnumbers,onuntrustedwebsites.Wecanalsouseprivacyprotectingtools,suchasvirtualprivatenetworks(VPNs),to30ouronlineactivities.Inaddition,thegovernmentandInternetserviceprovidersshouldplayaroleinprotectingonlineprivacy.Theyshould31lawsandregulationstopreventcompaniesfrommisusingpersonalinformation.TheyshouldalsoensurethatInternetserviceproviders32highlevelsecuritymeasurestoprotectusers'data.Despitetheseefforts,theproblemofonlineprivacyisstill33.Hackersareconstantlyfindingnewwaystostealpersonalinformation.Therefore,weneedtokeeplearningaboutonlineprivacyandtake34measurestoprotectourselves.OnlyinthiswaycanweenjoythebenefitsoftheInternetwithout35ourprivacy.A.disclosedB.valuableC.awareD.protectE.enforceF.emotionalG.implementH.ongoingI.effectiveJ.appropriateK.financialL.riskingM.increasingN.hiddenO.publicize26.答案：A答案分析：根据语境，越来越多个人信息在网上被披露，“disclosed”符合，选A。27.答案：K答案分析：与购物习惯等相关，这里指财务信息，“financial”合适，选K。28.答案：I答案分析：有针对性的广告在一定程度上是有效的，“effective”正确，选I。29.答案：C答案分析：要更意识到在网上分享的内容，“aware”符合，选C。30.答案：D答案分析：用工具保护在线活动，“protect”正确，选D。31.答案：E答案分析：政府应执行法律法规，“enforce”合适，选E。32.答案：G答案分析：确保网络服务提供商实施安全措施，“implement”符合，选G。33.答案：H答案分析：在线隐私问题仍在持续，“ongoing”正确，选H。34.答案：J答案分析：采取合适措施保护自己，“appropriate”合适，选J。35.答案：L答案分析：不冒隐私风险享受互联网好处，“risking”符合，选L。（二）长篇阅读（10题，每题1分）Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheBenefitsofReadingA.Readingisoneofthemostbeneficialactivitiesapersoncanengagein.Ithasawiderangeofpositiveeffectsonourphysicalandmentalhealth,aswellasoursocialandintellectualdevelopment.B.Fromaphysicalhealthperspective,readingcanreducestress.Whenweread,weenterastateofrelaxation.Ourheartrateslowsdown,andourmusclesrelax.Thisrelaxationresponsecanhelpreducethelevelsofstresshormonesinourbody,whichisbeneficialforouroverallphysicalhealth.C.Mentally,readingcanimproveourcognitiveabilities.Itstimulatesourbrain,enhancesourconcentration,andimprovesourmemory.Readingdifferenttypesofbooks,suchasnovels,nonfiction,andpoetry,exposesustodifferentideasandperspectives,whichcanexpandourthinking.D.Socially,readingcanbeagreatconversationstarter.Whenwereadapopularbook,wecandiscussitwithourfriends,family,orcolleagues.Thiscanstrengthenoursocialbondsandhelpusmakenewfriends.Readingclubsandbookgroupsarealsopopularwaysforpeopletoconnectwithotherswhosharethesameinterests.E.Intermsofintellectualdevelopment,readingisacontinuouslearningprocess.Itprovidesuswithknowledgeinvariousfields,suchashistory,science,andliterature.Byreading,wecanlearnnewwords,improveourlanguageskills,andgainadeeperunderstandingoftheworld.F.Readingcanalsohaveapositiveimpactonouremotionalwellbeing.Itcanevokeawiderangeofemotions,fromhappinessandexcitementtosadnessandempathy.Throughreading,wecanexperiencedifferentemotionsinasafeandcontrolledenvironment,whichcanhelpusbetterunderstandandmanageourownemotions.G.Anotherbenefitofreadingisthatitcanimproveourcreativity.Whenwereadimaginativestories,ourmindsareinspiredtothinkoutsidethebox.Wecanusetheideasandimagesfromthebookstocreateourownworksofart,suchaswritingstoriesordrawingpictures.H.Readingisaccessibletoalmosteveryone.Wecanreadbooksinvariousformats,suchasprint,ebooks,andaudiobooks.Whetherweareathome,onthebus,orinawaitingroom,wecanalwaysfindtimetoread.I.Despitethesenumerousbenefits,manypeopleinmodernsocietydonotreadenough.Withtheriseofdigitalmediaandentertainment,suchassmartphonesandvideogames,peoplearespendinglesstimereading.Thisisapitybecausereadingofferssomanyuniqueadvantagesthatcannotbereplacedbyotherformsofentertainment.36.Readingcanreducestressandhasapositiveimpactonphysicalhealth.答案：B答案分析：段落B提到阅读能降低压力，对身体健康有益，与题目表述相符。37.Readingcanenhancecognitiveabilitiesandexpandthinking.答案：C答案分析：段落C指出阅读能提高认知能力、拓展思维，符合题目内容。38.Readingcanbeagoodwaytostartconversationsandstrengthensocialbonds.答案：D答案分析：段落D说明阅读是很好的交谈话题，能加强社交关系，与题目一致。39.Readingisacontinuouslearningprocessthatprovidesknowledgeindifferentfields.答案：E答案分析：段落E表明阅读是持续学习过程，能提供多领域知识，符合题意。40.Readingcanimproveemotionalwellbeingbyhelpingusunderstandandmanageemotions.答案：F答案分析：段落F提到阅读对情绪健康有积极影响，能帮助理解和管理情绪，与题目相符。41.Readingcaninspirecreativityandhelpusthinkoutsidethebox.答案：G答案分析：段落G指出阅读能提高创造力，激发跳出常规思考，符合题目表述。42.Readingisaccessibleinvariousformatsandcanbedoneanytime.答案：H答案分析：段落H说明阅读形式多样，随时可进行，与题目一致。43.Manypeopleinmodernsocietydon'treadenoughduetotheriseofdigitalmedia.答案：I答案分析：段落I提到现代社会很多人因数字媒体兴起而阅读不足，符合题目。44.Readingdifferenttypesofbookscanexposeustodifferentideasandperspectives.答案：C答案分析：段落C中提到读不同类型书能接触不同观点，与题目内容相符。45.Readingcanevokeawiderangeofemotionsinasafeenvironment.答案：F答案分析：段落F指出阅读能在安全环境中唤起多种情绪，与题目一致。（三）仔细阅读（10题，每题2分）Passage1Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallengestothejobmarket.Ononehand,AIhascreatednewjobopportunitiesinfieldssuchasAIresearch,development,andmaintenance.AIrelatedjobsrequirehighlevelskillsandknowledge,suchasprogramming,dataanalysis,andmachinelearning.Ontheotherhand,AIhasalsoledtojobdisplacementinsomeindustries.Routineandrepetitivejobs,suchasdataentry,assemblylinework,andsomecustomerservicejobs,areathighriskofbeingautomatedbyAI.Workersintheseindustriesmayfaceunemploymentortheneedtoswitchtootherfields.ToadapttotheimpactofAIonthejobmarket,workersneedtoupgradetheirskills.TheycantakecoursesinAIrelatedfields,suchasprogramminganddatascience,tomakethemselvesmorecompetitiveinthejobmarket.LifelonglearningisbecomingincreasinglyimportantintheageofAI.Employersalsoplayacrucialroleinthisprocess.Theyshouldprovidetraininganddevelopmentopportunitiesfortheiremployeestohelpthemacquirenewskills.GovernmentsshouldalsointroducepoliciestosupportworkersaffectedbyAIrelatedjobdisplacement.Forexample,theycanprovideunemploymentbenefits,retrainingprograms,andjobmatchingservices.46.WhatkindofjobopportunitieshasAIcreated?A.Jobsintraditionalindustries.B.JobsinAIresearch,developmentandmaintenance.C.Jobsinagriculture.D.Jobsintheserviceindustry.答案：B答案分析：文章提到“AIhascreatednewjobopportunitiesinfieldssuchasAIresearch,development,andmaintenance”，选B。47.WhichjobsareathighriskofbeingautomatedbyAI?A.Jobsthatrequirehighlevelskills.B.Routineandrepetitivejobs.C.Jobsinthecreativeindustry.D.Jobsinthefinancialindustry.答案：B答案分析：文中指出“Routineandrepetitivejobs,suchasdataentry,assemblylinework,andsomecustomerservicejobs,areathighriskofbeingautomatedbyAI”，选B。48.HowcanworkersadapttotheimpactofAIonthejobmarket?A.Byrelyingonthegovernment'shelp.B.BytakingcoursesinAIrelatedfields.C.Byquittingtheirjobs.D.Bywaitingfornewjobopportunities.答案：B答案分析：“Workersneedtoupgradetheirskills