Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件-高中英语人教版

Unit4NaturaldisastersDiscoveringusefulstructures定语形容词名词介词短语1.什么定语？非谓语动词从句(定语从句）Sheisabeautifulgirl.Amyisawomanteacher.Thegirlinredismysister.

Ihavesomethingtosay.Theboymakingfaceismyson.Japanisadevelopedcountry.Ilikepeoplewhosmilesalot.定语：“定”语相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，常译为“的”什么可以做定语Iknowtheboy.Theboyissittingonthedesk.Iknowtheboy

whoissittingonthedesk定语从句定义结构定语从句2.什么定语从句？关系词修饰名词或代词的句子先行词关系词被修饰的名词或代词引导定语从句的关联词关系代词关系副词whowhomthatwhichwhoseaswhenwherewhyeg.Thisisthecar

which

heboughtlastyear.Doyouknowtheman

whospokejustnow?Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow.１.Ihavereadthenewspaper(which)carriestheimportantnews.Ishowedhimtheletter(which)Ireceivedthismorning.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.２.Ishowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning.３.将下列句子改成一句话关系代词在定语从句中有三个作用：

1.引导一个定语从句；

2.在从句中代替先行词；

3.在从句中担任某一句子成分。Which

的用法1.which

在从句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语,指物。

Theyplantedthetreeswhich

didn’tneedmuchwater.

Thefishwhich

weboughtwerenotfresh.

Thisisthehousewhich

welivedinlastyear.

→Thisisthehouse________welivedlastyear.主语；指物宾语；指物介词宾语；指物in

whichwhich作介词宾语时，介词既可放在关系代词which之前，也可以放在从句中动词之后where3.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人或物，作宾语时可省略。

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.作主语；指物

Thenoodles

(that)Icookedweredelicious.作宾语；指物

Let’saskthemanthatisreadingabookoverthere.作主语；指人

Thegirl

(that)wesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.

作宾语；指人that的用法2.who在从句中作主语和宾语,whom

在从句中作宾语；都指人。

TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.主语；指人

TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.

主语；指人

Theperson(whom/who)youjusttalkedtoisMrLi.

宾语；指人

MrReadistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.宾语；指人在定语从句中紧接着介词的只能用which和whom。指人用whom，指物用whichWho的用法4.whose在从句中作定语,修饰人或物，意为“……的”，可与

ofwhich(whom)the...互换。

MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.ofwhomthe

Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.ofwhomthe

Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.ofwhichtheWhose的用法关系代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthatwhose

Theusageoftherelativepronouns1.定语：可以是一个单词，一个短语，一个句子。2.名词是可以修饰名词的。3.动词：作定语有Ving，V-ed和todo三种形式。4.定语只对名词或代词起修饰作用，我们无法从定语中得知名词或代词的具体内容。总结概括：Whatistheattributiveclause?(什么是定语从句）定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词，在句子中起定语作用的从句。Bobbyisaboywhoisveryfat..先行词关系词定语从句先行词:被修饰的名词或代词关系词：1.连接从句；2.替代先行词；当Heis

theboy(who/thatoftengoestoschoollate).

先行词关系词Thesearethetrees(which/that

wereplantedlastyear).先行词关系词定语从句的一般结构是：先行词+关系词+从句指出下列句子中的先行词和关系词关系代词可指代从句中的成分whowhomwhichthatwhose人主语、宾语人宾语物主语、宾语人、物主语、宾语人、物定语如何改写成定语从句？①找出两个简单句的共有成分；②将从句中的共有成分去掉；③用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧接在被修饰词之后．Ilovethegirl.Thegirlhaslonghair.Ilovethegirlwhohasalonghair.who,whom,that,whose,which用法区别.①who先行词是人作定语从句的主语或宾语,作宾语可省略.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解who作主语②whom先行词是人，作定语从句的宾语,作宾语可省略.Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解whom作宾语③which先行词是物,作定语从句的主语或宾语,作宾语可省略.Ilikethebookwhichyouboughtyesterday.Ilikethebook.Youboughtthebookyesterday.分解which作宾语④that先行词可以是人或物，可以作定语从句的主语和宾语,作宾语可省略.Themanthatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解that作主语⑤whose先行词是人或物，作定语从句的定语。Thewomanwhosehairisredisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Thewoman’shairisred.分解whose作定语指代内容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系代词的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主语,宾语主语,宾语主语,宾语宾语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省不可省

Itisamusicalprogram___________canhelpordinarymusicloversachievetheirdreamsinZhejiangTV.which/thatItisaverypopularnovel___________J.K.Rowlingcreated.(which/that)HeisafamousChinesewriter__________wontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.who/thatHeisafamousrunner

_______________

Chinesepeoplelove.(whom/that/who)Itisacellphonesoftware(软件)_______function(功能)istochatwithothersandsendmessages,picturesandvideos.whose1.Doyoustillremembertheearthquake

___________happenedtenyearsago?2.Itisagoodchoicefortourists________

prefervisitingplacesofhistoricalinterest.3.Thisisthepilotwith______mybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.4.Couldyoupleasepassmethebook________coverisgreen?5.Jacksonlikesthebike__________hisunclegavehimasabirthdaygift.that/whichthat/whowhomwhosethat/which基础训练6.Theschoolin________mysisteroncestudiedisveryfamous.7.ProfessorYangisapersonfrom______Ihavelearnedalot.8.Theboy______parentsareteachersismyclassmate.9.Lucycalledherbrother______________shehadn'tseenforfiveyears.10.Itisthemostinterestingstory______Ihaveeverheard.whichwhomwhosethat/whom/whothatReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithrelativepronouns.Thepeople_________liveinWenchuancountywillneverforgettheday12May,2008.The8.0-magnitudeearthquake__________killedover80,000peopleturnedmanytownsintoruins.Thesoldiers__________thegovernmentsentrushedtotheearthquake-hitareaimmediately.

Now,morethan10yearson,thesurvivors_______homesweredestroyedarelivinganewlife.Manyliveinnewtownswho/thatwhich/thatwhomwhose__________havebeenbeautifullyrebuiltbythegovernment.Thepeoplewillneverforgetthose________rescuedthemandhelpedthemrebuildtheirhome.Outofgratitude,manyyoungadults_________parentsdiedduringtheearthquakehavechosentostudymedicineorjointhearmyinawishtohelpmorepeople.Wenchuan,thecounty_________wascompletelydestroyedandthencompletelyrebuilt,hasbecomeasymboloftheChinesespiritofnevergivingup.

which/thatwhich/thatwhowhose高考真题演练1.[2016·浙江卷]Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneof____________hasbeenproved.2.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ，61)InancientChinalivedanartist_________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.3.(2019·全国Ⅱ，62)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshop,_______sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.4.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters__________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.(2019全国Ⅲ，64)whichwhosewhichwho/that高考真题演练5.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ66)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014__________showedafiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.6.(2018·北京，5)Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemk