2024-2025学年河南省开封市五校高一上学期期中联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省开封市五校2024-2025学年高一上学期期中联考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemanbuyforhisson?A.Apieceofart. B.Someclothes. C.Tennisshoes.【答案】C【原文】W:IsupposeyouhavebeenbuyingChristmasgiftsforyourfamily.M:Iboughttennisshoesformyson,butIhaven’tdecidedwhattobuyformywife.Probablysomeclothesorapieceofart.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Buyaticket. B.Takeabus. C.Callataxi.【答案】B【原文】W:Excuseme.HowcanIgetabustotheparkinglotareafortheairport?M:Busesandtaxisareonthenextlevel.Justgoupthosestairsoverthereandturnright.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Watchingafilm. B.Playingtennis. C.Havingarest.【答案】A【原文】W:Lookatallthisrain,andtherewillbemoreraintomorrow.M:Really?ThenI’llhavetocancelmytennisgametomorrowmorning.W:Ifyou’renotplayingtennis,youcangotothemovieswithme.M:IfI’mnotplayingtennis,I’lljuststayhomeandtakearest.4.WhydidTedgetaticket?A.Heparkedonthestreet. B.Herodehisbiketoofast.C.Hedroveinthewrongway.【答案】C【原文】M:IheardTedgotaticketyesterday.Washespeedingorparkinginthewrongplace?W:No.Hedrovedownaone-waystreetthewrongway.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisteammembers?A.Theydislikethegame. B.Theyneedpractice. C.Theyareskilled.【答案】B【原文】W:Ifyouwanttowin,you’llhavetolearntocooperatewiththeothermembersofyourteam.M:Iknow,buttheseguyshaven’tbeenpracticingasmuchasIhave.I’mafraidifIpassthemtheball,they’lljustdropitandtheotherteamwillscore.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whydoesthemansaysorry?A.Forthepayment. B.Fortheroom. C.Forthetime.7.Whatisthewomanlikelytodo?A.Waitforherfriends. B.Checkoutofthehotel. C.Changetheroomservice.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:Yes,wehaveyourreservation,butunfortunatelyyourroomisn’treadyyet.W:Notready?Isn’tcheck-inatnoon?It’sthreeo’clocknow.M:I’mreallysorry,buttherewerealotoflatecheck-outstoday.Ifyou’dlike,Icangiveyouaroomuntilyourroomisready.W:Thanks,anyway.I’msupposedtomeetsomefriendsheresoon.I’lljustwaitinthebar.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Howdoesthemansound?A.Regretful. B.Doubtful. C.Thankful.9.Whencanthemancalltheservicenumbertogethelp?A.At6:00am. B.At8:00am. C.At9:00pm.【答案】8.C9.B【原文】M:Iappreciateyourgettingmycomputerworking.It’sreallybeenaheadache.Now,ifIhaveanymoreproblemswithit...W:JustcallourTechnicalSupportnumber.Theycananswermostofyourquestions.They’reopenfrom8:00o’clockamto8:00o’clockpm.Butifyougotoourwebsite,youcanprobablyfindtheanswerstoyourquestionsintheFAQpart.Youcancheckthattwenty-fourhoursaday,sevendaysaweek.There’salsoalivechatwithatechnicianbetween6:00o’clockpmand10:00o’clockpm.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whydoesthewomansoundanxious?A.Abreak-inhappened. B.Shelostallthekeys. C.Herhusbandwashurt.11.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Sheremainedonduty. B.Shewrotealetter. C.Shegothomelate.12.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Abusdriver. B.Apoliceman C.Anewsman.【答案】10.A11.A12.B【原文】M:Yousoundanxious.Whathappenedtoyou?W:Myhousehasbeenbrokeninto.AndI’mstillinastateofshock.M:Didyouseethethief?Areyouinjured?W:No,Ididn’tseeanyoneandIwasn’thurt.M:OK.Whendidyoudiscoveryourhousebrokeninto?W:AfterIgotbackfromnightdutyaround6:00o’clockam.M:OK.Donottouchanythinginthehouse.Weneedtolookforfingerprints.W:Well,I’lldoasyousay.M:Isthereanythingmissing?W:Yes.Anenvelopewithsomemoneyinit.Andthelockerwasbroken.M:Othervaluables?W:I’mnotsure.Ineedtocheckwithmyhusband.M:Alright,we’llcometoyourhouselater.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.WhydothespeakersgotoGrandma’shouse?A.Tocelebrateafestival. B.Todeliversometastyfood.C.Toattendahousewarming.14.WhatdoesGrandmaprepareforTom?A.Cornbread. B.Friedfish. C.Applepie.15.WhowillpickupTom’sfather?A.Grace. B.Patty. C.Joe.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inacar. C.Inashop.【答案】13.A14.C15.C16.B【原文】M:Mom,arewealmostthereyet?W:Notquite,Tom.WehaveaboutanotherhourofdrivingbeforewereachGrandma’shouse.M:Mom,Iamsohungry.CouldIhaveapieceofthecornbread?W:No,Tom.Don’tyouwanttowaituntilyougettoGrandma’shouseandsharethecornbreadwitheveryone?Remember,Thanksgivingisaholidaytocelebratewithfamily.ThinkaboutAuntGrace’sroastchicken,GrandmaPatty’sapplepie,UncleJoe’sfriedfish...M:Mymouthiswatering!Mom,willDadmakeittoGrandma’shouseintimeforThanksgivingdinnerthen?W:Ofcoursehewill!DadshortenedhisbusinesstripjustsohecouldmakeittoGrandma’shouseforThanksgiving.IcalledUncleJoebeforewelefthometoaskhimtopickupDadfromtheairport.HemightevenbeatGrandma’shousealready!M:Great!IreallywishwewerealreadyatGrandma’shouse!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Wherewillthestudentsmeet?A.Bytheschoolgate. B.Ontheplayground. C.Atthebusstop.18.Whatcanthestudentsbring?A.Abrush. B.Alunch. C.Adrink.19.Whatwillthestudentsdointheafternoon?A.Climbonawall. B.Feedanimals. C.Gofishing.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Astudentcenter. B.Atrainingplan. C.Aschooltrip.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.C【原文】M:Goodmorning,everyone.I’mgoingtotellyouabouttheschooltriptothefarmtomorrow.AsItoldyoulastweek,youneedtowaitforthebusbytheschoolgate,sodon’tgotothebusstoporcomestraightintotheplaygroundlikeyouusuallydo.Thefarmisprovidingusallwithanicepackedlunchforfree,sothere’snoneedtobringoneyourself.It’dbegreatifyoucouldmakesureyou’vegotadrink.Therearelotsofdifferentanimalsonthefarm.You’reallgoingtohaveagoatbrushingthehorsesjustafterwearrivethereatabout9:00o’clockam.Shortlyafterthis,you’lllearnwhatfarmersgivesheeptoeat,andyou’llbeabletogivethemtheirbreakfast,too.Aswellastheanimals,thefarmhaslotsofactivitiesstudentscantakepartin.We’regoingtodosomeclimbingonthespecialwalltheyhavethereafterlunch,andmaybenexttimewecantryoneoftheotheractivitieslikefishingorplayingbaseball.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFromAlaskatoNewMexico,herearesomeofthebestnationalparksforawinterwonderlandgetaway.AcadiaNationalPark,MaineBetweenearlyOctoberandearlyMarch,AcadiaNationalPark’sCadillacMountain,thetallestmountainontheeasternseaboard,offershardyhikersimpressiveviewsofthefirstsunriseinthecountry.Becausetheroadsareclosedtomotorvehicles(机动车)duringthewinter,thosewhogoonthe3.5-milehikefromParkLoopRoadcantreatthemselveswithanattractiveview.DenaliNationalPark,AlaskaDenaliNationalParkisapeacefullandincoldmonths.TheseasonbetweenSeptemberandAprilisthebesttimetophotographthenorthernlights.Wintervisitorstotheparkcanexploreitsicylandscapesbysnowshoeing,skiing,anddogsledding(狗拉雪橇).WhiletheNationalParkService’ssleddogsdon’tgivevisitorsrides,travelerscanbookatourwithDenaliDogSledExpeditions,whichrunstripsinthepark.MountRainierNationalPark,WashingtonStateTheparkisoneoftheoldestnationalparksintheUSandafreshplaygroundforvisitorsinwinter.Thereareareaswhereyoucouldgosnowmobiling,andtheupperparkinglotoftheParadisevisitorcenterturnsintoasnowplayarea,whichisgreatforfamilies.ChacoCultureNationalHistoricalPark,NewMexicoInnorthernNewMexico,ChacoCultureNationalHistoricalParkholdsstonehousesmadebytheAncestralPuebloanfrom1250to850BC.ThesewerethelargestbuildingsinallofNorthAmericaupuntilthemid-18thcentury.Thereareself-guidedtourmapsthatvisitorscanpickupattheChacoCanyonvisitorcenter.21.WhatcanyoudoatDenaliNationalParkinwinter?A.Admirethenorthernlights. B.Attendphotographyshows.C.HikefromParkLoopRoad. D.EnjoyCadillacMountain.22.Whichoffersafamily-friendlysnowplayarea?A.AcadiaNationalPark. B.DenaliNationalPark.C.MountRainierNationalPark. D.ChacoCultureNationalHistoricalPark.23.WhatisspecialaboutChacoCultureNationalHistoricalPark?A.Itistheoldestnationalpark. B.Ithasancientstonehouses.C.Itrequiresapackagetour. D.Itasksvisitorstogetaguide.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家公园的情况。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据DenaliNationalPark,Alaska部分中“TheseasonbetweenSeptemberandAprilisthebesttimetophotographthenorthernlights.(9月至4月是拍摄北极光的最佳时间)”可知，冬天前往DenaliNationalPark可欣赏极光。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据MountRainierNationalPark,WashingtonState部分中“Thereareareaswhereyoucouldgosnowmobiling,andtheupperparkinglotoftheParadisevisitorcenterturnsintoasnowplayarea,whichisgreatforfamilies.(有一些地方你可以去雪地摩托，天堂游客中心的上层停车场变成了一个雪地游乐区，非常适合家庭)”可知，MountRainierNationalPark提供适合全家人玩雪的场所。故选C。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据ChacoCultureNationalHistoricalPark,NewMexico部分中“InnorthernNewMexico,ChacoCultureNationalHistoricalParkholdsstonehousesmadebytheAncestralPuebloanfrom1250to850BC.(在新墨西哥州北部，查科文化国家历史公园拥有由祖先普韦布洛人在公元前1250年至850年建造的石屋)”可知，ChacoCultureNationalHistoricalPark拥有年代久远的石屋。故选B。B“Aftersnowislonggone,beforeplantsbegintogrow,roadsiderubbishseemseye-catching.Whoarethesepeoplewiththethought,‘Oh,somebodywillcollectit?’”ThatquestionledKevinKeehn,headofBikePalatineClub(BPC),onapersonalmissionofcleanupalongNorthwestsuburban(郊区的)roadswherehecyclesacouplethousandmileseveryyear.Since2021,hisclubhasscheduleditsspringtrailcleanupinthePaulDouglasForestPreserve.ThenextoneisstartingnextSaturday.Armedwithworkglovesandplasticbags,hundredswillsnatchplasticbottles,glassbottlesandenergydrinkcansalongtheNorthwestsuburbanroads.Thegoalistocleantheentiretrail.VolunteersregisteringontheBPCcleanuppageindicateapreferredareaalongthemainroads.Oneofover20sitecoordinators(协调员)thencontactsthevolunteersandprovidesplasticbags.Keehnnotes,“Forthelastfewyears,acouplehundredvolunteershaveregisteredonlinetocollectgarbagealongthetrails.Groupscomefromallwalksoflife,includingschools,friendsandfamilygroups,andcompanyworkers.Wedoourbesttospreadouttheefforttocoverallareas.”“Groupsdon’tallcometogetheruntilabout10daysbeforetheevent,”Keehnsays,addingweather,notsurprisingly,isafactor.“WeputoffthiscleanupuntilnextSaturday,”hecontinues,“hopingthatmorepeoplewillattendtheevent.”“Thefunniestthingaboutallthecleanupsistoseephotosofsmilingpeoplesurroundedbybagsofrubbish,”Keehnsays.“Funny,buttrue.Wealwayscompetetoseewhofindsthemostinterestingrubbish.OneyearIfoundacaseofmodelcars,hiddendeepintothebush(灌木丛).Perhapskidsforgotwherethey’dhiddentheirtreasure.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutKeehn?A.Heleftthebikeclubin2021. B.Hepreferredtorideabikeinwinter.C.Heusedtoworkasacleaner. D.Hestartedthemissionoftheroadcleanup.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snatch”inparagraph3mean?A.Dependon. B.Pickup. C.Tripover. D.Figureout.26.Whyisthecleanupputoffthisyear?A.Topostmorecreativephotos. B.Toensuretheeventiscovered.C.Tobringinmorevolunteers. D.Tomaketheactivitylastlong.27.WhatdoesKeehnwanttoshowbymentioningthemodelcars?A.Thefunnymomentsinthecleanup. B.Theprizeofferedinthecompetition.C.Thewaytogetunexpectedpayment. D.Themeaningofthevolunteers’effort.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了KevinKeehn发起的道路清扫活动。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段““Aftersnowislonggone,beforeplantsbegintogrow,roadsiderubbishseemseye-catching.Whoarethesepeoplewiththethought,‘Oh,somebodywillcollectit?’”(“雪还没下完，植物还没开始生长，路边的垃圾就显得很抢眼。这些人是谁，他们会想，‘哦，有人会收集它？’”)”和第二段“ThatquestionledKevinKeehn,headofBikePalatineClub(BPC),onapersonalmissionofcleanupalongNorthwestsuburban(郊区的)roadswherehecyclesacouplethousandmileseveryyear.(这个问题促使BikePalatine俱乐部，简称BPC的负责人KevinKeehn发起了一项个人任务，他每年都会在西北郊区的道路上骑行数千英里)”可知，Keehn是道路清扫活动的发起人。故选D。【25题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线词前“Since2021,hisclubhasscheduleditsspringtrailcleanupinthePaulDouglasForestPreserve.(自2021年以来，他的俱乐部计划在保罗道格拉斯森林保护区进行春季小径清理)”以及划线词后“plasticbottles,glassbottlesandenergydrinkcansalongtheNorthwestsuburbanroads(塑料瓶、玻璃瓶和能量饮料罐沿着西北郊区的道路)”可知，划线词与pickup意思最接近。故选B。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“‘WeputoffthiscleanupuntilnextSaturday,’hecontinues,‘hopingthatmorepeoplewillattendtheevent.’(‘我们把清理工作推迟到下周六，’他继续说道，‘希望有更多的人来参加这次活动。’)”可知，今年的道路清扫活动推迟至下周六是为了能吸引更多参与者。故选C。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wealwayscompetetoseewhofindsthemostinterestingrubbish.OneyearIfoundacaseofmodelcars,hiddendeepintothebush(灌木丛).Perhapskidsforgotwherethey’dhiddentheirtreasure.(我们总是比赛看谁发现的垃圾最有趣。有一年，我发现了一箱汽车模型，藏在灌木丛深处。也许孩子们忘了他们把宝藏藏在哪里了)”可知，Keehn提及汽车模型是为了分享道路清扫活动中不期而遇的欢乐时刻。故选A。COnApril8,asmillionsofpeopletriedtowatchasolareclipse(日食)inNorthAmerica,eyedoctorsacrosstheUnitedStateswouldbereadytooffermedicalhelp.That’sbecause,whileasolareclipseisanexcitingevent,itcanalsobedangerous.Lookingatanypartoftheexposedsunwithouttherightkindofprotectioncaninjuretheeye’slight-sensitiveretina(视网膜).In2017,duringthesolareclipseseenacrosstheUnitedStates,thathappenedtomanypeopledespitethemediacoverageaboutthedangeroflookingatthesunwhenitisanythinglessthanfullyandcompletelycoveredbythemoon.Giventhatmorethan150millionpeopledirectlyviewedeitherapartialeclipseoratotaleclipse,however,thenumberofthosewhosufferedeyeproblemsmayseemrelativelysmall.“We’vegotlessthan100casesacrossCanadaandtheUS,”saysRalphChou,aneclipseeyesafetyexpertwiththeUniversityofWaterlooinCanada.“Butnooneknowsforsurehowmanypeopledamagedtheireyesin2017,”hesays,“becausenoteverycasegetswrittenupforamedicaljournal,andpeoplemaynotseekhelpforlessseriouseyesighttroubles.”“Alotofeyesightproblems,iftheyactuallyhappened,wereprobablyrelativelyminorand,theydisappearedontheirownwithinweeksormonths,”saysChou.“Abouthalfofthosewhoexperiencesignificanteyeproblemsonthedayafteraneclipsewillrecoveralmostcompletely.”Henotesthattherearewaystoenjoytheeclipsewithoutlookingupatall;everydayhouseholdobjectsallowyoutocreatepinholeprojectors(针孔投射)thatletyouwatchanimageofthesun.“Ifyoudochoosetolookupatthesunwhenitispartiallyeclipsed,”saysChou,“makesurethatyouhavethepropereclipseglasses.”28.Howcanthesolareclipsebeadangerousevent?A.Itleaveseverythinginthedark. B.Itcouldcausedamagetooureyes.C.Itmakesithardtogetmedicalhelp. D.Itforcesustogotoanarrowspace.29.Whatwasreportedbythemediain2017?A.Thedangerofseeingasolareclipse. B.Thelocationofatop-classhospital.C.Theimportanceofexploringspace. D.Thenumberoftouristattractions.30.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph5?A.Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutthesolareclipse.B.Somepeopleforgottoturntothedoctorforhelp.C.It’shardtotrackpeoplewhosufferedeyeproblems.D.Over150millionpeopleintheUSarenearsighted.31.WhatdoesChouexpectustodoaboutwatchingasolareclipse?A.Doitwithourfamily. B.Takepicturesofthesun.C.AdmirethesceneonTV. D.Protectoureyesproperly.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了在未采取安全防护措施的情况下观赏日食可能会损伤视网膜。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“That’sbecause,whileasolareclipseisanexcitingevent,itcanalsobedangerous.Lookingatanypartoftheexposedsunwithouttherightkindofprotectioncaninjuretheeye’slight-sensitiveretina(视网膜).(这是因为，虽然日食是一个令人兴奋的事件，但它也可能是危险的。在没有适当保护的情况下直视暴露在阳光下的任何部分都会伤害眼睛的感光视网膜)”可知，在未采取安全防护措施的情况下观赏日食可能会损伤视网膜，故选B。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“In2017,duringthesolareclipseseenacrosstheUnitedStates,thathappenedtomanypeopledespitethemediacoverageaboutthedangeroflookingatthesunwhenitisanythinglessthanfullyandcompletelycoveredbythemoon.(2017年，在美国各地看到的日食期间，尽管媒体报道了当太阳没有完全被月亮覆盖时观看太阳的危险，但许多人还是发生了这种情况)”可知，2017年，媒体报道了观赏日食所带来的危害，故选A。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“‘Butnooneknowsforsurehowmanypeopledamagedtheireyesin2017,’hesays,‘becausenoteverycasegetswrittenupforamedicaljournal,andpeoplemaynotseekhelpforlessseriouseyesighttroubles.’(‘但没有人确切知道2017年有多少人的眼睛受损，’他说，‘因为不是每个病例都会被医学杂志报道，而且人们可能不会寻求不太严重的视力问题的帮助。’)”可知，要想确切知晓多少人因观赏日食而影响视力健康并非易事，故选C。【31题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Ifyoudochoosetolookupatthesunwhenitispartiallyeclipsed,’saysChou,‘makesurethatyouhavethepropereclipseglasses.’(‘如果你选择在日偏食时抬头看太阳，’Chou说，‘确保你有合适的日食眼镜。’)”可知，Chou希望大家在观赏日食时保护好眼睛，故选D。DWildAfricanelephantsmaybreaksleeprecordsformammals(哺乳动物).Newdatashowthattheyseemtosurviveonabouttwohoursofshut-eyeanight.Muchofthatsleepingtookplacewhiletheywerestandingup.Theanimalsliedowntosleeponlyonceeverythreetofournights.Tryingtofigureouthowmuchwildelephantssleepjustbywatchingthem24hoursadayistricky,especiallyinthedark.Muchofwhatscientistshadknownaboutsleepingelephantscamefromanimalslivinginzoos,notesPaulManger,whoisabrainresearcherattheUniversityoftheWitwatersrandinSouthAfrica.Inzoos,elephantshavebeenrecordedsleepingfromaboutthreehourstonearlysevenduringa24-hourperiod.UsingelectronicmonitorsonAfricanelephantsinthewild,however,hasturnedupmoreextremebehavior.Manger’steamimplanted(植入)activitymonitorsinthetrunks(象鼻)oftwoelephants.BothwerefemaleleadersoftheirherdsintheChobeNationalPark.Trunks,likehumanhands,areimportantforexploringtheworld.Elephantshardlykeepthemstill—unlesssleeping.Theresearchersthoughtthatatrunkmonitorthatdidn’tmoveforatleastfiveminuteslikelymeantitshostwasasleep.Themonitorstrackedtheanimalsoveraboutamonth.Duringthattime,theelephantsaveragedjusttwohoursofsleepaday.What’smore,theelephantswereabletoskipanight’ssleepwithoutneedingextrarestthenextday.Thosetrunkimplantsshowedthereweretimeswhentheelephantswentupto46hourswithoutanysleep.Therehasbeensomethoughtthatanimalsneedsleeptostorememoriesproperly.Butthatcan’texplainanimals,liketheelephants,whichskipsleepforanightwithoutneedingcatch-uprestlater.“Elephantsareusuallynotconsideredtobeforgetfulanimals,”Mangerobserves.Infact,henotes,studieshavefoundthattheycanhavelongmemories.32.HowdidtheAfricanelephantstypicallysleepaccordingtothenewstudy?A.Theystoodup. B.Theywalkedaround.C.Theygrouped. D.Theykepteyesopen.33.WhydidManger’steamimplantthetrunkmonitors?A.Totestanewtracker. B.Tohelpelephantsfallasleep.C.Totrainwildanimals. D.Tostudyelephants’sleep.34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Peoplealwaysthinkelephantsareforgetfulanimals.B.Agoodnight’ssleepbenefitsallthewildlife’sbrains.C.Littlesleepdoesn’taffectthememoryofelephants.D.Scientistscan’tunderstandwhysleepmakessense.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Tipsonwatchingwildlife. B.Wildelephants’sleephabit.C.Effortstoprotectwildelephants. D.NationalnaturereservesinAfrica.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于野生非洲象睡眠模式的新发现，即它们每晚似乎只睡大约两个小时，并且大部分时间是站立着睡觉，每隔三到四晚才会躺下一次。研究挑战了以往基于动物园大象的研究结论，展示了野生动物行为学研究中的新见解，同时也对动物需要睡眠来储存记忆的传统观点提出了疑问。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Newdatashowthattheyseemtosurviveonabouttwohoursofshut-eyeanight.Muchofthatsleepingtookplacewhiletheywerestandingup.Theanimalsliedowntosleeponlyonceeverythreetofournights.(新的数据显示，它们似乎每晚只睡两个小时就能存活下来。大部分睡眠都是在他们站着的时候进行的。这些动物每三到四个晚上才躺下睡觉一次。)”可知，这项新研究显示，非洲象通常站着睡觉。故选A。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Tryingtofigureouthowmuchwildelephantssleepjustbywatchingthem24hoursadayistricky,especiallyinthedark(仅仅通过观察野生大象一天24小时来计算它们的睡眠时间是很棘手的，尤其是在黑暗中。)”、第三段“Manger’steamimplanted(植入)activitymonitorsinthetrunks(象鼻)oftwoelephants.(Manger的团队在两头大象的鼻子中植入了活动监测器。)”及第四段“Themonitorstrackedtheanimalsoveraboutamonth.Duringthattime,theelephantsaveragedjusttwohoursofsleepaday.What’smore,theelephantswereabletoskipanight’ssleepwithoutneedingextrarestthenextday.Thosetrunkimplantsshowedthereweretimeswhentheelephantswentupto46hourswithoutanysleep.(监测器对这些动物进行了大约一个月的跟踪。在此期间，大象平均每天只睡两个小时。更重要的是，大象可以跳过一个晚上的睡眠，第二天不需要额外的休息。这些鼻子植入物显示，有时大象可以长达46个小时不睡觉。)”可知，Manger的团队在这两头母象的鼻子里植入监视器是为了研究大象的睡眠情况。故选D。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Therehasbeensomethoughtthatanimalsneedsleeptostorememoriesproperly.Butthatcan’texplainanimals,liketheelephants,whichskipsleepforanightwithoutneedingcatch-uprestlater.“Elephantsareusuallynotconsideredtobeforgetfulanimals,”Mangerobserves.Infact,henotes,studieshavefoundthattheycanhavelongmemories.(有一些人认为动物需要睡眠来正确地储存记忆。但这并不能解释像大象这样的动物，它们一晚上不睡觉，以后不需要补觉。“大象通常不被认为是健忘的动物，”曼格说。事实上，他指出，研究发现们可以它有很长的记忆。)”可知，睡眠不足不会影响大象的记忆。故选C。【35题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“WildAfricanelephantsmaybreaksleeprecordsformammals(哺乳动物).Newdatashowthattheyseemtosurviveonabouttwohoursofshut-eyeanight.Muchofthatsleepingtookplacewhiletheywerestandingup.Theanimalsliedowntosleeponlyonceeverythreetofournights.(野生非洲象可能打破哺乳动物的睡眠记录。新的数据显示，它们似乎每晚只睡两个小时就能存活下来。大部分睡眠都是在他们站着的时候进行的。这些动物每三到四个晚上才躺下睡觉一次。)”可知，文章主要介绍了关于野生非洲象睡眠模式的新发现，即它们每晚似乎只睡大约两个小时，并且大部分时间是站立着睡觉，每隔三到四晚才会躺下一次。选项B“Wildelephants’sleephabit.(野象的睡眠习惯)”符合题意。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Familymeetingsareagoodwaytoimprovecommunicationamongallfamilymembers.Toholdasuccessfulfamilymeeting,youneedtoavoidthefollowingcommonmistakes.Givinguptoosoon.____36____.Itmaytakesometimeforeveryonetogrowcomfortablewithfamilymeetings.Butifyouholdthemregularly(定期)andtrytomakethembetter,yourmeetingscanbecomehelpfultoeveryoneinthefamily.____37____.Don’tuseyourmeetingstosingleoutonepersonforcreatingaproblemanddon’tlecture(说教)thekidsaboutthewaytheyact.Youmighttakeaproblem-solvingapproachbysaying,“Thehousehasbeenprettymessylately.Whatcanwedoaboutthat?”Lettingkidshavetoomuchpower.Whileyouwanttoaskforthekids’opinions,makeitclearthattheydon’thaveequalsayinimportantfamilymatters,likewhetheryou’regoingtomove.____38____.Thentheyknowyouareinterestedinhearingtheirthoughtsonthematters.Goingtoofaroffthetopic.Yourkidsmaybegintogetoffthetopicandifyoudon’tbringtheconversationbacktothetaskathand,youmayfeelthemeetingispointless.____39____Gettingintoarguments(争吵).____40____.Familymeetingsareagreattimetointroducesociallyproperwaystodealwithdisagreements.Ifthekidsstarttoarguenoisilyorsomeonecrossestheline,stopthematonce.A.TurningameetingintoalectureB.TheyalwaysgetthebetterofanargumentC.Ifyourfirstmeetingdoesn’tgowell,don’tgiveupD.LecturingyourchildrenaboutmakingtoomuchnoiseE.Inthiscase,stepinandtellthemtogettothemaintopicF.Evenso,letthemknowtheadultsareopentotheiropinionsG.Attimes,afamilymeetingendsupwithanendlessargument【答案】36.C37.A38.F39.E40.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分享了家庭会议需规避的错误做法。【36题详析】由上文“Givinguptoosoon.(放弃得太早)”可知，本空要说跟“不要放弃”有关的话题，由下文“Itmaytakesometimeforeveryonetogrowcomfortablewithfamilymeetings.Butifyouholdthemregularly(定期)andtrytomakethembetter,yourmeetingscanbecomehelpfultoeveryoneinthefamily.(每个人可能都需要一段时间才能逐渐适应家庭会议。但是如果你定期举行并努力改进，你的家庭会议就能对家里的每个人都有帮助)”可知，即使第一次家庭会议不成功，也不要放弃，故C选项“Ifyourfirstmeetingdoesn’tgowell,don’tgiveup(如果你的第一次会议进行得不顺利，不要放弃)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。【37题详析】由下文“Don’tuseyourmeetingstosingleoutonepersonforcreatingaproblemanddon’tlecture(说教)thekidsaboutthewaytheyact.(不要用会议来单独指出某一个人制造了问题，也不要就孩子们的行为方式对他们进行说教)”可知，本空要说跟“不要说教”有关的话题，A选项“Turningameetingintoalecture(把会议变成说教)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选A。【38题详析】由上文“Whileyouwanttoaskforthekids’opinions,makeitclearthattheydon’thaveequalsayinimportantfamilymatters,likewhetheryou’regoingtomove.(虽然你想征求孩子们的意见，但要明确他们在家庭重要事务上，比如是否搬家，没有平等发言权)”和下文“Thentheyknowyouareinterestedinhearingtheirthoughtsonthematters.(那么他们就会知道你很想听听他们对这些事情的想法)”可知，虽然孩子们在家庭重要事务上没有平等发言权，大人们还是要倾听孩子们的意见，本空应对此进行解释。F选项“Evenso,letthemknowtheadultsareopentotheiropinions(即便如此，也要让他们知道大人们是愿意倾听他们的意见的)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。【39题详析】由上文“Yourkidsmaybegintogetoffthetopicandifyoudon’tbringtheconversationbacktothetaskathand,youmayfeelthemeetingispointless.(你的孩子们可能会开始偏离主题，如果你不把谈话带回当前的任务，你可能会觉得这次会议毫无意义)”可知，孩子们可能会偏离主题，故本空要说跟“把谈话带回当前的任务”有关的话题，E选项“Inthiscase,stepinandtellthemtogettothemaintopic(在这种情况下，介入并告诉他们回到主题)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。【40题详析】由上文“Gettingintoarguments(争吵)”可知，本空要说跟“争吵”有关的话题，由下文“Familymeetingsareagreattimetointroducesociallyproperwaystodealwithdisagreements.Ifthekidsstarttoarguenoisilyorsomeonecrossestheline,stopthematonce.(家庭会议是介绍社会上处理分歧的恰当方式的好时机。如果孩子们吵吵嚷嚷，或者有人越界了，马上制止他们。)”可知，有时候家庭会议最终会变成争吵，故G选项“Attimes,afamilymeetingendsupwithanendlessargument(有时，家庭会议最终会以无休止的争吵告终)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IgrewupinCentralJava.MyfirstjobwasworkingasatravelguideforvisitorsfromEurope.That’swhenIstartedusinga____41____,andthenI____42____beingaphotojournalist.Ibegantofreelance(当自由摄影者),butIwantedmore____43____.In2015,Ihada____44____togotoBalifortheFoundryPhotojournalismWorkshop,where____45____photographers(摄影师)teachstudentslikemeatlowcost.Andthat’sthe____46____.IntheclasstaughtbyMaggieSteber,anationalexpertphotographer,it’slikeIwasa____47____,orblind,orsta