2024-2025学年江苏省南通市海安市高一下学期4月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省南通市海安市2024-2025学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheAustralia’sonlyheritage-listedwildlifereserveissituatedinnaturalbushlandandalivewithnativewildlife.ItislocatedjustanhourbycarfromSydney.Yourscheduleataglance(minimumoneweek-maximumfourweeks):ArrivalDay,Sunday:ArriveatSydneyKingsfordSmithInternationalAirport.YouwillbepickedupfromtheairportandsettleintoyournewhomeinCalga.Days1—5,Monday—Friday(8amto5pm):Meettheranger(园林管理员)teamandtheanimals.Learnhowthereserveoperatesandhowtofindyourwayaround.Arangerwillworkwithyou.Typicaltasksincludefoodpreparationanddailycleaningfortheanimals.Youalsoneedtomonitorgeneralmaintenance,bushregeneration(再生),andwhateverelseneedstobedone.Day6—7,Saturday&Sunday:Ifitistheendofyourprogram,SaturdayisadayoffandSundayyoudepartinthemorning.TheteamwilldriveyoutoGosfordStationandhelpyouuselocalonlinetransportappssoyoucanplanyourconnectionwithflightsoronwardtravel.Ifyou’reextending,youcanchoosehowtospendtheweekend.RestinthereserveorgotoexplorethelocalareaorSydney.JumponthefreeshuttletoGosfordStationonFridaymorning.Alternatively,youcanarrangeataxiatadifferenttime(taxisareatyourowncost).Remainingweeks:TheremainingweeksfollowtheschedulefromMondaytoFridaywithweekendsfree.Wanttojointheprogram?Clickhere/area/volunteer-in-australasia/1.Whatcanyoudointhereserve?A.Revisetherulesofrunningthereserve.B.Feedanimalsanddocleaningforthem.C.Workoutthedailyscheduleforparticipants.D.Giveanimalsaphysicalcheck-upbyyourself.2.Howcanyouspendtheweekendsduringtheprogram?A.Havingaguidedtourbycar. B.Takingataxitotravelforfree.C.Leavingthereserveforcefully. D.HeadingouttoSydneybyshuttle.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TopromotethewildlifereserveinAustralia.B.Toinformthetravelingscheduleforvisitors.C.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofprotectingwildlife.D.Toadvocatevolunteersparticipatingintheprogram.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚一个野生动物保护区的志愿者项目，详细说明了工作内容及日程安排。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Days1—5部分的“Typicaltasksincludefoodpreparationanddailycleaningfortheanimals.(平常的任务包括为动物准备食物和进行日常清洁)”可知，志愿者可以在保护区给动物喂食，给它们做清洁。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Day6—7部分的“RestinthereserveorgotoexplorethelocalareaorSydney.JumponthefreeshuttletoGosfordStationonFridaymorning.(留在保护区休息，或是去探索当地或悉尼的风景。周五早上可以搭乘免费班车前往戈斯福德车站)”可知，志愿者可以在项目期间乘坐班车前往悉尼度过周末。故选D项。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Wanttojointheprogram?Clickhere/area/volunteer-in-australasia/(想加入这个项目吗？点击此处/area/volunteer-in-australasia/)”可知，文章主要介绍志愿者在澳大利亚一个野生动物保护区的工作内容及日程安排，并附上报名链接。由此可知，其目的是招募志愿者参与该项目。故选D项。BJordanChiles,atwo-timeOlympianandthree-timeWorldChampionshipmedalist,hasmadehistoryaspartofthefirstall-Blackgroupofgymnaststomedalatthe2022U.S.GymnasticsChampionships.Twoyearslater,sherepeatedtheaccomplishmentattheParisOlympics,whereshehelpedTeamUSAwingoldandChilesclaimedbronzeforherfloorroutine.However,notallofChiles’shistory-makingmomentshavebeencelebratory.ShortlyafterearningherindividualOlympicmedal,theCourtofArbitrationforSport(CAS)removedherfromthebronze,arguingthataninquiryfromhercoachCecileLandichallengingherroutine’sdifficultyratingthatincreasedherscorehadn’tbeenmadewithintheone-minutedeadline.ThiscontroversialdecisionmadeChilesheartbroken,andshesharestheemotionaljourneyinhermemoir(回忆录),I’mThatGirl:LivingthePowerofMyDreams.Inhernewmemoir,sheopensupaboutstrugglesfewknew.Asagymnastwithamoremuscularbody,sheencounteredself-imageissues,worsenedbyharmfulcommentsandunequaljudging.Shealsorevealstheemotionalabuseshesufferedfromaformercoach,referredtoas“CoachX,”whocriticizedherbodyandcausedhertodevelopaneatingdisorder.Despitethesechallenges,Chilesfoundsupportinherfamilyandfriends,includingfellowgymnastSimoneBiles.BilesencouragedhertotrainattheWorldChampionsCentreafterChilesleftCoachX.Theirbondstrengthenedfurtherthroughsharedexperiences,especiallyaftertheabusecaseinvolvingLarryNassar,thoughChilesandBilesneveropenlydiscussedit.Chiles’sjourneyalsoinvolvedstrugglingwithdarkmoments,includingsuicidalthoughtsafterasetbackinhercareer.Butthroughitall,shehasfoundstrengthandhealing.“EverythingthathappenedshapedwhoIamtoday—afighterstillstanding.”Now,shehopesherstoryhelpsothersfeelempoweredtospeakoutabouttheirstruggles.HavingmovedonfromtheOlympicruling,Chilesisfocusedonherfuture,balancinghercollegelifeatUCLAwhilekeepingthedooropenforapotentialreturntotheOlympicsin2028.“I’mjustlikeyou,”shewrites.“Tryingtostriveforgreatness.”4.WhywasChiles’bronzemedaltakenawayaftertheParisOlympics?A.Hercoach’sinquiryaboutherscorewassubmittedtoolate.B.Shefailedtomeetthedifficultyrequirementsofherroutine.C.Shedisobeyedcompetitionrulesregardingherperformance.D.ShelifteddifficultylevelswithoutthepermissionoftheCAS.5.Whatwasthelittle-knownstruggleChilessharedinhermemoir?A.Withdrawalofthebronze. B.Physicalandmentalsuffering.C.Severeinjuriesduringthetraining. D.Thecoach’scriticismforherirregulardiet.6.WhatdoesChiles’sstorymainlywanttoconvey?A.Whatdoesn’tkillyoumakesyoustronger.B.Lifejourneyisfullofunavoidablehardship.C.Truestrengthgrowswherelovedonessupport.D.Opportunitiesalwaysfavorthepreparedminds.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.JordanChiles’sMemoir:AGuidetoOlympicSuccessB.TheDarkSideofCompetitiveSports:AbuseandUnfairJudgingC.TheRiseofaGymnasticsChampion:JordanChiles’OlympicJourneyD.OvercomingAdversity:JordanChiles’sFightforStrengthandHealing【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥运体操选手JordanChiles经历了奖牌被收回、情感虐待与心理低谷，但她凭借坚韧和亲友支持走出阴影，并通过自传激励他人。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ShortlyafterearningherindividualOlympicmedal,theCourtofArbitrationforSport(CAS)removedherfromthebronze,arguingthataninquiryfromhercoachCecileLandichallengingherroutine’sdifficultyratingthatincreasedherscorehadn’tbeenmadewithintheone-minutedeadline.(在获得个人奥运奖牌后不久，体育仲裁法庭(CAS)取消了她的铜牌成绩，理由是她的教练CecileLandi对其动作难度评分的申诉未在一分钟截止时间内提交，而该申诉提高了她的得分。)”可知，巴黎奥运会后Chiles的铜牌被取消是因为她的教练关于她分数的申诉提交得太晚。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inhernewmemoir,sheopensupaboutstrugglesfewknew.Asagymnastwithamoremuscularbody,sheencounteredself-imageissues,worsenedbyharmfulcommentsandunequaljudging.Shealsorevealstheemotionalabuseshesufferedfromaformercoach,referredtoas“CoachX,”whocriticizedherbodyandcausedhertodevelopaneatingdisorder.(在她的新回忆录中，她首次袒露了鲜为人知的挣扎。作为一名肌肉更发达的体操运动员，她长期饱受自我形象问题的困扰，而充满恶意的评论和不公正的评判更是雪上加霜。她还揭露了前教练“X教练”对她的情感虐待——对方不仅对她的身材百般挑剔，还导致她患上了饮食失调症。)”和最后一段中“Chiles’sjourneyalsoinvolvedstrugglingwithdarkmoments,includingsuicidalthoughtsafterasetbackinhercareer.(在职业生涯遭遇挫折后，她甚至一度产生轻生念头，经历了人生至暗时刻。)”可知，Chiles在回忆录中分享的不为人知的挣扎是身体和心理上的痛苦。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述Chiles如何克服奖牌被收、虐待、自杀念头这些困难，并变得更坚强的故事，以及最后一段中“Butthroughitall,shehasfoundstrengthandhealing.“EverythingthathappenedshapedwhoIamtoday—afighterstillstanding.”(但历经磨难，她最终找到了力量与治愈。“所有经历塑造了今天的我——一个依然挺立的斗士。”)”可知，经历逆境淬炼的Chiles变得更为强大。由此可知，她的故事主要想传达“那些杀不死你的，终将使你更强大”。故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Butthroughitall,shehasfoundstrengthandhealing.“EverythingthathappenedshapedwhoIamtoday—afighterstillstanding.”(但历经磨难，她最终找到了力量与治愈。“所有经历塑造了今天的我——一个依然挺立的斗士。”)”可知，文章聚焦Chiles的挣扎和她的韧性，讲述了她在经历一系列低谷后，凭借坚韧和亲友支持走出阴影，并通过自传激励他人的故事。因此，D项“战胜逆境：JordanChiles的力量与治愈之路”最全面概括了JordanChile的故事，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。CCansciencefictiontellusaboutthefuture?Settingasidealiensandspaceships,muchcontemporarysciencefictionisconcernedwiththemessuchastheimpactofartificialintelligence,thedangerofecologicalcollapseandthemisuseofcorporatepower.Inallthesecases,sciencefictionwritersaretakingadvantageofthefreedomthatthistypeofwritinggivesthemtothinkaboutongoingconcernsandpicturewhattheymightleadtointhefuture,comingtosurprisingandthought-provokingconclusions.Allofthosedohavesomepredictivevalue.Itmeanssciencefictioncanplayausefulroleasawaytopredicttechnological,socialandpoliticaltrends—butinthenearterm,notthedistantfutureinwhichitisoftenset.Thisisthefirstofthreewaysinwhichsciencefictioncangiveusaglimpseofthefuture.Thesecondisthatitcanhelpbroadenthemindwhenassessingfuturescenarios(设想)forplanningpurposes,bothingovernmentandinbusiness.France’sDefenceInnovationAgencyissettingupa“redteam”ofsci-fiwriterstoproposescenariosthatmightnothaveoccurredtomilitaryplanners.Arup,anengineeringfirm,commissionedTimMaughan,ascience-fictionwriter,tocreatefourscenariosofwhateverydaylifemightlooklikeasaresultofclimatechange.TechgiantsincludingGoogle,MicrosoftandApplehavealsoemployedsci-fiwritersasconsultants,usingaprocesssometimescalled“designfiction.”Andthenthethirdoneismoredirect:byinspiringpeopleinthetechindustrywhowanttomakethesefictionsareality.ThecreationofthemobilephoneatMotorolawasmotivatedbythehandheldwirelesscommunicatorsfromStarTrek,andAmazon’sAlexavoice-assistantbythetalkingcomputerontheEnterprise.TheKindlewasinspiredbyanelectronic-bookdeviceinNealStephenson’snovelTheDiamondAge,andanentireindustryistryingtobringtolifethevirtualworldhedescribedinSnowCrash.Thefuturetechnologyleadersarecertainlyreadingsciencefictiontoday.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsciencefiction?A.Itfocusesmainlyonaliensandspaceships.B.Itexplorescurrentissuestoimaginethefuture.C.Itaddressesthecontemporaryexistingproblems.D.Itaimstopredicttechnologicalprogressinthefuture.9.Whydothegovernmentandthebusinesshiresci-fiwriters?A.Togivesupporttotheircreations.B.Tobetterunderstandsciencefiction.C.Tobenefitfromtheirexpansiveimagination.D.Toenhancetheirinfluenceandcommercialvalue.10.Howdoesthelastparagraphshowtheimpactofsciencefiction?A.Bylistingmainpoints. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byanalyzingcauses. D.Byexplainingaconcept.11.Whatisthemainideaaboutthetext?A.Whyissciencefictiongainingpopularity?B.Sciencefictionprovidesinsightsintothefuture.C.Howdoessciencefictionbroadenpeople’svision?D.Sciencefictionservesasaninspirationforinventions.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说通过推演现实问题的发展趋势、辅助战略规划和直接激发科技创新，为人类提供了多维度预见未来的独特视角。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itmeanssciencefictioncanplayausefulroleasawaytopredicttechnological,socialandpoliticaltrends—butinthenearterm,notthedistantfutureinwhichitisoftenset.(这意味着科幻小说可以作为一种预测技术、社会和政治趋势的有效工具——但这种预测更侧重于近期发展，而非故事中常见的遥远未来)”可知，作者认为科幻小说探索当前问题以想象未来。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中Thesecondisthatitcanhelpbroadenthemindwhenassessingfuturescenarios(设想)forplanningpurposes,bothingovernmentandinbusiness.(第二种方式是，科幻小说能够帮助政府和企业拓宽思维，更好地评估未来情景以制定规划)”可知，政府和企业雇佣科幻作家，是为了拓展思维边界，从这些作家广阔的想象力中受益。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ThecreationofthemobilephoneatMotorolawasmotivatedbythehandheldwirelesscommunicatorsfromStarTrek,andAmazon’sAlexavoice-assistantbythetalkingcomputerontheEnterprise.TheKindlewasinspiredbyanelectronic-bookdeviceinNealStephenson’snovelTheDiamondAge,andanentireindustryistryingtobringtolifethevirtualworldhedescribedinSnowCrash.(摩托罗拉发明手机是受到《星际迷航》中手持无线通讯器的启发，亚马逊的Alexa语音助手则源自“企业号”飞船上的智能电脑。Kindle电子阅读器的灵感来自NealStephenson的小说《钻石时代》中的电子书设备，而整个科技行业都在努力将他笔下《雪崩》中描绘的虚拟世界变为现实)”可推知，最后一段通过列举摩托罗拉手机、亚马逊的Alexa、Kindle等实例，体现科幻作品的影响。故选B项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Allofthosedohavesomepredictivevalue.(所有这些确实都具有一定的预测价值)”、“Thisisthefirstofthreewaysinwhichsciencefictioncangiveusaglimpseofthefuture.(这是科幻小说能让我们窥见未来的三种方式中的第一种)”、第三段中“Thesecondisthatitcanhelpbroadenthemindwhenassessingfuturescenarios(设想)forplanningpurposes,bothingovernmentandinbusiness.(第二种方式是，科幻小说能够帮助政府和企业拓宽思维，更好地评估未来情景以制定规划)”和最后一段中“Andthenthethirdoneismoredirect:byinspiringpeopleinthetechindustrywhowanttomakethesefictionsareality.(而第三种方式则更为直接：通过激励科技行业的从业者，让他们将这些虚构构想变为现实)”可知，全文通过三个层面，即预测趋势、拓展规划思维、直接启发技术，说明科幻小说为人们提供了对未来的洞见。故选B项。DFreedivingisahigh-risksport.Divers,swimmingunderwaterwithoutoxygentanks,frequentlyblackoutfromlowoxygenandputthemselvesatriskofdrowning.Marinemammalssuchasseals,bycontrast,canspendmostoftheirlivesbelowthesurfacewithoutsuchrisks.Sealscanholdtheirbreathfor20to30minutesonaverageandsomeevenforoveranhour.AMarch20thSciencepaperexplainswhy:sealscanapparentlysensehowmuchoxygentheyhaveintheirbloodandplantheiractionsaccordingly.Whenamammalholdsitsbreath,oxygenlevelsdropwhilecarbondioxiderises.Inhumanslowoxygenmostlydoesnotringanyalarmbellsontheirown—instead,highlevelsofcarbondioxideeventuallyproducetheunpleasanturgetobreathe.Assealsdivemorefrequently—andforlonger—thanhumansdo,therangeofcarbondioxideintheirbodiesvariesmorewidely.ThatledChrisMcKnight,amarinebiologist,towonderiftheanimalscouldalsosenseoxygen.Totestthis,heandhisteamplacedsixwild-caughtsealsinatankcontaininganunderwaterfeedingstationandabreathingchamber(forsurfacing)atoppositeends.Theairinthatchamberwasthensettooneoffourconditions:normalair(21%oxygenand0.04%carbondioxide,plusothergases);airwithreducedoxygen(11%);elevatedoxygen(50%);andelevatedcarbondioxide(8%).Ifthesealswere,likehumans,moresensitivetocarbondioxide,theirbehaviorwouldbeidenticalinallbutthefinalcondition.Theresultssuggestedotherwise.Withmoreoxygen,thesealsextendedtheirdivesbyanaverageof14seconds.Theyshortenedthembyroughlyhalfaminutewithlessoxygen.Highcarbondioxidelevels,bycontrast,hadnosignificanteffect.Dr.McKnightsuggeststhattheabilitytosenselowoxygenmaybecommoninmarinemammals,possiblyasadefenseagainstdrowning.Moreresearchisneededtounderstandhowwidespreadthisabilityisandhowdivinganimalsperceiveoxygen.Whileexpertdiversusethesensationofanapproachingblack-outfromlowoxygenasacuetoresurface,howsealsdothisisstillamystery.12.Theunderlinedphrase“blackout”inparagraph1mostlikelymeans_______.A.turnpale B.sinkslowly C.stopbreathing D.passout13.WhatmotivatesChrisMcKnighttostudyoxygen-sensingabilityofseals?A.Loweroxygentoleranceinhumandivers.B.Seals’abilitytodiveforextendedperiods.C.Seals’widevariationsinCO2levelsduringdives.D.Humans’strongreactiontorisingcarbondioxide.14.Whatistrueaccordingtoparagraph3andparagraph4?A.Elevatedoxygenlengthensseals’diveduration.B.Lowoxygencausessealstodive14secondslonger.C.SealsprioritizeCO2sensitivityoveroxygendetection.D.Seals’reactionswerepresumedexactlyequaltohumans’.15.Whichremainsunknownaboutsealsaccordingtothetext?A.Thedurationofholdingtheirbreath.B.Thereasonwhytheycandivesafely.C.Theabilitytoadjustthetimingofresurfacing.D.Themechanismfortriggeringtheirresurfacing.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明，海豹能感知血氧水平并据此规划潜水行为，但触发其浮出水面的具体机制仍然未知。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Divers,swimmingunderwaterwithoutoxygentanks(潜水员，在没有氧气罐的情况下在水下游泳)”和下文“lowoxygenandputthemselvesatriskofdrowning(低氧并使自己处于溺水的危险之中)”可知，此处是描述自由潜水员因缺氧而失去意识的场景，对比选项可知，“昏厥”最符合这种因缺氧导致的短暂意识丧失的情况。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Assealsdivemorefrequently—andforlonger—thanhumansdo,therangeofcarbondioxideintheirbodiesvariesmorewidely.ThatledChrisMcKnight,amarinebiologist,towonderiftheanimalscouldalsosenseoxygen.(由于海豹比人类潜水更频繁、时间更长，它们体内的二氧化碳含量变化也更大。这让海洋生物学家ChrisMcKnight想知道这些动物是否也能感知氧气)”可知，海豹潜水时体内二氧化碳水平变化范围更大，这引发McKnight思考海豹是否能感知氧气。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Withmoreoxygen,thesealsextendedtheirdivesbyanaverageof14seconds.(有了更多的氧气，海豹的潜水时间平均延长了14秒)”可知，高氧延长了海豹的潜水时间。故选A项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Whileexpertdiversusethesensationofanapproachingblack-outfromlowoxygenasacuetoresurface,howsealsdothisisstillamystery.(虽然专业潜水员会利用低氧导致的即将昏厥的感觉作为浮出水面的线索，但海豹是如何做到这一点的仍然是个谜)”可知，触发海豹重新浮出水面的机制仍然未知。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nexttimeyou’repushingthroughtheburnofaworkout,rememberthatexercisecanalsobearemedy(疗法).Researchindicatesthatitservesasaneffectiveapproachtofightingchronicinflammation,particularlyamongthosewithphysicallyinactivehabits.___16___Itcanbeginwithaninfectionorinjurybutevolveintoalastingstate.Thentheimmunesystemattackshealthytissuegradually.Thisprocessraisesdiseaserisksandcontributestotiredness,depression,orbrainfog.Thescientificevidenceisclearthatsedentary(久坐的)peopletendtohavehigherlevelsofinflammationcomparedwithpeoplewhoexerciseregularly.___17___Someresearchersbelievethatexercise’spowertofightinflammationmayevenbeattheheartofwhyphysicalactivityissoeffectiveatprotectingusagainstotherchronicconditions.Whilesomefindingshighlightexercise’santi-inflammatorypower,maximizingitseffectsrequiresstrategicapproaches.___18___Forexample,a20-minutewalkorjogeverydayregularlycansparktemporaryanti-inflammatoryeffects.Mostmoderate-intensityexercisereducesinflammationshort-term,butstickingwithitiskey.High-intensityexerciseitselfproducesatemporarysurge(激增)ininflammation.___19___Forsimilarreasons,youshouldavoidovertraining,sincerepeatedintenseworkoutswithoutappropriaterecoverycanheightenyourlevelsofinflammationandweakenyourimmunesystem.Ifpossible,prioritizestrengthtraining.Peoplewithchronicinflammationtendtolosemusclemassmorerapidlyastheyagethanthosewithlessinflammation.Sostrengthtrainingmaybeespeciallyimportantforthemtoremainmobileandindependent.Itisrecommendedthatadultsmaketimeforatleasttwostrength-trainingsessionsperweek.___20___Thiscombinedapproachnotonlybuildsmusclebutalsointerruptschronicinflammatorypathways.A.Soit’simportanttoproperlyhealbetweenworkouts.B.Findingshaveconfirmedthatworkoutscanhelpyourelaxed.C.Chronicinflammationisamildconditionthatcanpersistforyears.D.Butoncetheystartmovingconsistently,thelevelsgenerallydecline.E.Sometimesinflammationservesavitalfunctioninkeepingyouhealthy.F.Itishowyouexercisenotjustwhetheryouexercisethatplaysacriticalrole.G.Suchtrainingtargetsinflammation-causingcells,especiallywithaerobicexercise.【答案】16.C17.D18.F19.A20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运动能有效对抗慢性炎症，但需通过科学策略来优化效果，同时避免过度训练引发的炎症风险。【16题详析】前文“Researchindicatesthatitservesasaneffectiveapproachtofightingchronicinflammation,particularlyamongthosewithphysicallyinactivehabits.(研究表明，它是一种对抗慢性炎症的有效方法，尤其是对那些有不运动习惯的人来说。)”引出慢性炎症的概念，后文“Itcanbeginwithaninfectionorinjurybutevolveintoalastingstate.(它可以从感染或受伤开始，但会发展成一种持久的状态。)”提到慢性炎症的开始和发展，因此C项“Chronicinflammationisamildconditionthatcanpersistforyears.(慢性炎症是一种可能持续多年的轻微病症。)”符合语境，解释慢性炎症的含义，引出后文，选项中的persistforyears与后文的evolveintoalastingstate呼应。故选C。【17题详析】前文“Thescientificevidenceisclearthatsedentary(久坐的)peopletendtohavehigherlevelsofinflammationcomparedwithpeoplewhoexerciseregularly.(科学证据清楚地表明，与经常锻炼的人相比，久坐不动的人患炎症的程度更高。)”对比久坐人群与运动人群的炎症水平差异，后文“Someresearchersbelievethatexercise’spowertofightinflammationmayevenbeattheheartofwhyphysicalactivityissoeffectiveatprotectingusagainstotherchronicconditions.(一些研究人员认为，运动对抗炎症的能力甚至可能是体育活动如此有效地保护我们免受其他慢性疾病侵害的核心原因。)”提到运动对抗炎症的作用，因此D项“Butoncetheystartmovingconsistently,thelevelsgenerallydecline.(但一旦他们开始坚持运动，炎症水平通常会下降。)”符合语境，指出久坐人群的炎症水平可以通过运动降低，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选D。【18题详析】前文“Whilesomefindingshighlightexercise’santi-inflammatorypower,maximizingitseffectsrequiresstrategicapproaches.(虽然一些研究结果强调了运动的抗炎能力，但要想最大限度地发挥其作用，需要有策略的方法。)”指出发挥运动的抗炎能力依赖于具体的策略，后文“Forexample,a20-minutewalkorjogeverydayregularlycansparktemporaryanti-inflammatoryeffects.Mostmoderate-intensityexercisereducesinflammationshort-term,butstickingwithitiskey.(例如，每天20分钟的散步或慢跑可以产生暂时的抗炎效果。大多数中等强度的运动都能在短期内减少炎症，但坚持是关键。)”举例说明不同运动的抗炎效果，因此F项“Itishowyouexercisenotjustwhetheryouexercisethatplaysacriticalrole.(关键不仅在于是否运动，更在于如何运动。)”符合语境，点明运动方式的重要性，承接前文，后文是对其例证。故选F。【19题详析】前文“High-intensityexerciseitselfproducesatemporarysurge(激增)ininflammation.(高强度的运动本身会导致炎症的短暂激增。)”指出高强度运动会暂时增加炎症，后文“Forsimilarreasons,youshouldavoidovertraining,sincerepeatedintenseworkoutswithoutappropriaterecoverycanheightenyourlevelsofinflammationandweakenyourimmunesystem.(出于同样的原因，你应该避免过度训练，因为反复的高强度训练没有适当的恢复会增加你的炎症水平，削弱你的免疫系统。)”警告过度训练的危害，因此A项“Soit’simportanttoproperlyhealbetweenworkouts.(因此，在锻炼之间充分恢复很重要。)”符合语境，建议做好恢复，承前启后。故选A。【20题详析】前文“Itisrecommendedthatadultsmaketimeforatleasttwostrength-trainingsessionsperweek.(建议成年人每周至少抽出时间进行两次力量训练。)”建议进行力量训练，后文“Thiscombinedapproachnotonlybuildsmusclebutalsointerruptschronicinflammatorypathways.(这种综合方法不仅可以增强肌肉，还可以阻断慢性炎症途径。)”提到综合的方式的好处，因此G项“Suchtrainingtargetsinflammation-causingcells,especiallywithaerobicexercise.(这种训练针对引发炎症的细胞，尤其结合有氧运动。)”符合语境，说明力量训练可以与有氧运动结合，承前启后。故选G。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnaFridaynight,Lucas,apooryoungartist,wasplayinghiswornviolinatthegateofthesubwaystation.Themusicwasso___21___thatmanypeoplestoppedandputsomemoneyintothefaded___22___ontheground.Thenextday,Lucascametothesameplace.___23___,hetookoutalargepieceofpaper,laiditonthegroundandbeganplaying.Beforelong,theyoungmanwassurroundedbyaudience,someofwhomwere___24___bythewordsonthepaper.It___25___,“Lastnight,agentlemannamedGeorgeSangputanimportantthingintomyhat___26___.Pleasecometo___27___itsoon.”Afterabouthalfanhour,amiddle-agedmanhurriedlyranthereandsaidhewasMr.GeorgeSang.ThenLucasasked,“Didyou___28___something?”“Alotteryticket(彩票),withmynameonit,”saidtheman.Lucas___29___alotteryticket.“Isit?”heasked.“Yes,Mine!”Georgewaswildwithjoy,hiseyesbrightening_____30_____.Hismind_____31_____toafewdaysago,whenhepurchasedalotteryticketandwon$500,000.Onthewayhome,hepassedbyLucasandput$50intoLucas’shat.However,thelotteryticketwasalso_____32_____.Nowseizingthe_____33_____ticket,Georgeasked,“Thischangeseverything!HowcanIrepayyou?”Theyoungmanshookhishead.Acrowdgatheredasnewsspread.Ateenagerasked,“Whyrefusehim?You’re_____34_____!”Lucassmiled.“Moneycomesandgoes.Butloseyourhonesty?”Hedrewaclearnotefromhisviolin.“That’slikelosingthe_____35_____inyourheart.”21.A.weird B.boring C.pleasant D.primitive22.A.box B.hat C.bowl D.pocket23.A.Somewhat B.Typically C.Likewise D.Differently24.A.touched B.shocked C.attracted D.troubled25.A.wrote B.said C.put D.told26.A.bymistake B.onpurpose C.inadvance D.atlength27.A.justify B.submit C.assign D.claim28.A.remember B.lose C.forget D.find29.A.smoothedout B.tookon C.tookout D.drewon30.A.instantly B.decently C.humbly D.urgently31.A.fetched B.wandered C.suspended D.corresponded32.A.putaway B.handedout C.givenaway D.thrownin33.A.restored B.rejected C.regained D.reserved34.A.broke B.lost C.subjective D.superior35.A.wire B.chapter C.place D.tune【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了贫穷的小提琴手Lucas主动归还误得的50万美元彩票并拒绝报酬的故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：音乐如此悦耳，许多人停下来，把一些钱放进地上褪色的帽子里。A.weird奇怪的；B.boring无聊的；C.pleasant令人愉悦的；D.primitive原始的。根据下文“manypeoplestoppedandputsomemoneyintothefaded______ontheground”可知，Lucas演奏的音乐吸引了许多人驻足并投钱，说明音乐是令人愉悦的。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐如此悦耳，许多人停下来，把一些钱放进地上褪色的帽子里。A.box盒子；B.hat帽子；C.bowl碗；D.pocket口袋。根据下文“Lastnight,agentlemannamedGeorgeSangputanimportantthingintomyhat”可知，钱是被放进帽子里。故选B。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不同的是，他拿出一大张纸，把它放在地上，开始演奏起来。A.Somewhat稍微；B.Typically通常；C.Likewise同样地；D.Differently不同地。根据下文“hetookoutalargepieceofpaper,laiditonthegroundandbeganplaying”可知，第二天Lucas在地上放了一张纸，该行为与前一天不同。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，年轻人就被观众包围了，其中一些人被纸上的字吸引住了。A.touched打动；B.shocked使震惊；C.attracted吸引；D.troubled麻烦。根据下文“Lastnight,agentlemannamedGeorgeSangputanimportantthingintomyhat______.”可知，Lucas的纸上表明有人把重要的东西放进了自己的帽子里，这一内容会吸引人群。故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：纸上面写着……A.wrote写；B.said表达；C.put放；D.told告诉。根据下文“Lastnight,agentlemannamedGeorgeSangputanimportantthingintomyhat______.”可知，纸上写着这些内容，英文用said表达文字内容。故选B。【26题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：昨晚，一位名叫GeorgeSang的先生误把一件重要的东西放进了我的帽子里。A.bymistake错误地；B.onpurpose故意地；C.inadvance提前；D.atlength详细地。根据下文“Alotteryticket(彩票),withmynameonit”可知，帽子里放进了一张彩票，这应该是被误放进去的。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：请尽快来认领。A.justify证明合理；B.submit提交；C.assign分配；D.claim认领。根据上文“agentlemannamedGeorgeSangputanimportantthingintomyhat”可知，GeorgeSang先生把一件重要的东西放进了Lucas的帽子里，Lucas是让这位先生来认领这件重要的东西。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Lucas问：“你丢了什么东西吗？”A.remember记住；B.lose丢失；C.forget忘记；D.find找到。根据上文“agentlemannamedGeorgeSangputanimportantthingintomyhat”可知，GeorgeSang先生把重要的彩票放进了Lucas的帽子里，因此Lucas问他是否丢了东西。故选B。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lucas拿出一张彩票。A.smoothedout抚平；B.tookon承担；C.tookout拿出；D.drewon利用。根据下文““Isit?”heasked.”可知，Lucas是拿出彩票，询问它是否属于GeorgeSang先生。故选C。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“是的，我的!”George欣喜若狂，眼睛立刻亮了起来。A.instantly立即地；B.decently得体地；C.humbly谦逊地；D.urgently紧急地。根据上文““Yes,Mine!”Georgewaswildwithjoy”可知，George确定是自己的彩票，欣喜若狂，眼睛会因为失而复得而立刻亮起来。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的思绪飘到了几天前，他买了一张彩票，中了50万美元。A.fetched取来；B.wandered走神；C.suspended暂停；D.corresponded符合。根据上文“Hismind”和下文“toafewdaysago”可推知，George走神了，思绪飘到了几天前，表示在回忆几天前的事。故选B。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，彩票也被扔了进去。A.putaway收好；B.ha