2024-2025学年天津市河东区高一下学期4月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1天津市河东区2024-2025学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题Ι.听力理解(略)Ⅱ.单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—Howistheschoolgoing,Mike?—Oh,.A.goahead B.goodluck C.allright D.nevermind【答案】C【详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——学校怎么样，Mike？——哦，一切都好。A.goahead前进，继续；B.goodluck祝好运；C.allright好的，可以的；D.nevermind不要紧，别担心。由句意可知，提问者询问Mike在学校的近况，C选项符合语境，可以用于回答近况。故选C项。2.Onceyou’vedecidedtotravel,thenyou’dbetterplanyour__________inadvancetoavoidtrouble.A.treatment B.amount C.documentary D.route【答案】D【详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦你决定去旅行，你最好提前计划好你的路线，以避免麻烦。A.treatment治疗，对待；B.amount数量；C.documentary纪录片；D.route路线。根据“Onceyou’vedecidedtotravel”可知，提前计划好旅行路线可以避免麻烦，空格处意为“路线”，用route。故选D。3.totallydifferenttoday,Lucyiswearinganexpression.A.Looking;exciting B.Looking;excited C.Looked;excited D.Looked;exciting【答案】B【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Lucy今天看起来完全不一样，她很激动。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处作状语，主语为Lucy，与look之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词looking作状语；空2：此处作定语，修饰expression“表情”，故应用形容词excited修饰人的声音或表情。故选B。4.AnneisfondofTim,thoughheoftenher.A.annoys B.damages C.overcomes D.obtains【答案】A【详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Anne喜欢Tim，尽管他经常让她生气。A.annoys使某人生气；B.damages伤害；C.overcomes克服；D.obtains获得。根据前文的转折though，此处意为“虽喜欢他，但他却总是让她生个气”，故应用动词annoys，故选A。5.Whenshearrivedhomeshefoundeverythingintheroomwas,whichalmostdrovehercrazy.A.inbrief B.inparticular C.inamess D.infear【答案】C【详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当她到家时，她发现房间里的一切都乱七八糟，这几乎把她逼疯了。A.inbrief简言之；B.inparticular尤其；C.inamess乱七八糟；D.infear害怕地。根据“whichalmostdrovehercrazy”可知，她发现房间里的一切都乱七八糟，空格处意为“乱七八糟”，用inamess。故选C。6.Parentsshouldlearntokeeptheirchildrenmostoftentheirminds.A.using B.touse C.used D.use【答案】A【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：父母应学会让孩子最常使用他们的头脑。固定用法“keep+宾语+现在分词（doing）”，表示“使某人持续做某事”，现在分词作宾语补足语。故选A项。7.Asastudent,losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettytosomeextent.A.chief B.scary C.absorbed D.original【答案】B【详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名学生，失去思考和记忆的能力在某种程度上是相当可怕的。A.chief主要的；B.scary可怕的；C.absorbed全神贯注的；D.original最初的。根据“losingyourabilitytothinkandremember”可知，失去思考和记忆能力是可怕的。故选B项。8.Istoodbythedoor,tosayaword.A.nottodare B.daringnot C.notdaring D.darednot【答案】C【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我站在门边，不敢说一句话。dare作实义动词的固定搭配为daretodosth，表示“敢于做某事”；作情态动词时后面直接加动词原形，多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句。根据句子结构和句意，空白处应填写非谓语动词，因此应使用实义动词dare，其逻辑主语为I，应用现在分词形式表示主动关系；not应放在非谓语动词前表示否定。故选C项。9.Somethingshouldbeimprovedsothatwecancarryoutthenextstepsmoothly.A.definitely B.fortunately C.generously D.suddenly【答案】A【详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：肯定有一些事情需要改进，以便我们能够顺利地开展下一步工作。A.definitely肯定地；B.fortunately幸运地；C.generously慷慨地；D.suddenly突然地。根据句意和sothatwecancarryoutthenextstepsmoothly可知，这里指有些事情肯定需要改进，才会让接下来的工作变得更顺利。故选A项。10.Yoursuggestionhasgreatlyhissuccessinwork.A.turnedoff B.cutoff C.turnedto D.contributedto【答案】D【详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你的建议极大地促成了他工作上的成功。A.turnedoff关掉；B.cutoff切断；C.turnedto求助于；D.contributedto有助于，促成。根据句意可知，此处意为“建议促成了他的成功”，故应用动词短语contributeto，故选D。11.Ihavetogetallthelettersbeforenoon.A.mailed B.mail C.tomail D.mailing【答案】A【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我必须在中午前将所有的信寄出去。此处作宾补，宾语为alltheletters，与宾补mail之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾补，为“getsth.done使某事被做”结构，故选A。12.Wearesuretodotheworkbetterifmoretimeandmoney.A.giving B.give C.aregiven D.given【答案】D【详析】考查省略句。句意：如果有更多的时间和金钱，我们肯定能将工作做得更好。此处为if引导的让步状语从句，从句意为“如果我们被给予更多的时间和金钱”，表达为ifwearegivenmoretimeandmoney，主句的主语为we，从句的主语也是we，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词，故if引导的从句可以省略“主语+be动词”，故省略为ifgivenmoretimeandmoney，故选D。13.Thehunter,byhiswolfdog,walkedslowlyintheforest.A.following B.followed C.wasfollowed D.follow【答案】B【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：猎人带着他的狼狗在森林里慢慢地走着。此处hunter与follow构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，故选B。14.Anyonetojointhisclubshouldsignhere.A.wishes B.wishing C.whowish D.wish【答案】B【详析】考查谓语动词形式辨析。句意：任何希望加入这个俱乐部的人都应该在这里签字。分析句意可知，空格处动词wish“希望”应该使用现在分词形式作后置定语修饰主语anyone“任何人”，与其构成主动关系。选项C构成定语从句，语法上正确，但是因先行词anyone为单数概念，wish应该使用第三人称单数，故排除。故选B项。15.—Let’sgooutingthisweekend.—.I’llpickyouuponSaturdaymorning.A.It’sadeal B.Uptoyou C.Noway D.Forgetit【答案】A【详析】考查情景交际。句意：——咱们这个周末去郊游吧。——就这么说定了。我周六早上来接你。A.It’sadeal成交；就这么说定了；B.Uptoyou由你决定；取决于你；C.Noway没门；不可能；D.Forgetit算了；别再提了；不必在意。根据“I’llpickyouuponSaturdaymorning.”可知，说话者同意了郊游的提议，并给出了具体的行动安排，所以选项A“就这么定了”最符合语境。故选A。Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Teenscanhelpsolvesomebigproblemsinourworld.RenéeHaggertyisa(n)____16____.The13-year-oldAmericangirlwontheGloriaBarronPrizethismonthforhertwoyearsofhardworkcollecting____17____thathadbeenthrownawayandrecyclingthem.In2003HaggertywentonafieldtriptotheGreatLakesScienceCenterinOhio.There,shesawanexhibitabouthowpoisonouschemicalswere____18____plantsandanimalsinLakeErie.Shefeltshehadto____19____.“Thenumberoffishthatweredying____20____me,”shesaid.Haggertylearntthatbatteriesthrownaway____21____poisonsintotheenvironmentandthatrecyclingwasagood____22____.“Ithinkeverybodycandoit,____23____everyoneusesbatteries,anditcanmakeabig____24____.”Withthesewords,shebeganacampaigntoincrease____25____inherarea.Shetalkedtohercountygovernmentandschoolboard.Shegot____26____tostartarecyclingprograminschools____27____thepubliclibrary,hospital,andchurches.With____28____fromherfamily,friends,andlocalwaste-managementofficials,shegatheredcontainers,arrangedtransportation,andmadeaneducationalvideo.Overthepasttwoyears,fourtonsofbatterieshavebeen____29____.Theyaresentforrecyclingontheannualdangerouswastecollectionday.Whenaskedifshe____30____likeaherobecauseofherwork,Haggertyisquite____31____.“Notreally.Well,maybeforthefishI____32____!”shesaid.EveryyeartheGloriaBarronPrize____33____youngAmericansaged8to18whohaveshownleadershipandcouragein____34____thepublicandtheplanet.NationalGeographichelpsfund(资助)theaward.Eachyear10winners____35____US$2,000each,tohelpwiththeireducationcostsortheirpublicservicework.16.A.exception、 B.example C.founder D.wonder17.A.bottles B.chemicals C.batteries D.cans18.A.interrupting B.reducing C.protecting D.affecting19.A.leave B.refuse C.study D.act20.A.interested B.excited C.scared D.disappointed21.A.takeoff B.giveoff C.putup D.giveup22.A.lifestyle B.habit C.suggestion D.solution23.A.but B.because C.so D.though24.A.problem B.decision C.influence D.difference25.A.fame B.awareness C.prices D.taxes26.A.explanation B.permission C.admission D.knowledge27.A.aswellas B.becauseof C.ratherthan D.insteadof28.A.help B.stress C.hope D.faith29.A.bought B.used C.collected D.produced30.A.tastes B.sounds C.feels D.looks31.A.modest B.curious C.relaxed D.terrified32.A.cleaned B.kept C.caught D.saved33.A.gathers B.honors C.donates D.greets34.A.serving B.trusting C.combining D.offering35.A.receive B.donate C.spend D.raise【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.D20.C21.B22.D23.B24.D25.B26.B27.A28.A29.C30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.A【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁的美国女孩RenéeHaggerty通过两年的努力，收集并回收被丢弃的电池，为环保做出贡献，并因此获得GloriaBarron奖的故事。【16题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：RenéeHaggerty是一个例子。A.exception例外；B.example例子；C.founder创始人；D.wonder奇迹。根据后文“The13-year-oldAmericangirlwontheGloriaBarronPrizethismonthforhertwoyearsofhardworkcollecting

thathadbeenthrownawayandrecyclingthem”可知，这个13岁的美国女孩RenéeHaggerty通过两年的努力，收集并回收被丢弃的电池，因此她是青少年能解决世界问题的一个榜样例子，故选B。【17题详析】考查名词词义辨析。这位13岁的美国女孩因两年的努力收集被丢弃的电池并回收它们，本月获得了GloriaBarron奖。A.bottles瓶子；B.chemicals化学品；C.batteries电池；D.cans罐子。根据后文的词义复现“Haggertylearntthatbatteriesthrownaway

poisonsintotheenvironmentandthatrecyclingwasagood”可知，此处指她收集被丢弃的电池，故选C。【18题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她看到一个展览，展示了有毒化学物质如何影响密歇根湖中的植物和动物。A.interrupting打断；B.reducing减少；C.protecting保护；D.affecting影响。根据空前“poisonouschemicals”可知，有毒的化学物质会破坏湖里的植物和动物，故此处指有毒的化学物质如何影响密歇根湖中的植物和动物，故选D。【19题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她觉得她必须采取行动。A.leave离开；B.refuse拒绝；C.study学习；D.act行动。根据后文“shebeganacampaigntoincrease

inherarea”可知，她开始发起活动来提高当地人的意识，故此处指她认为自己必须采取行动，故选D。【20题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：死亡的鱼的数量让我感到害怕。A.interested感兴趣的；B.excited兴奋的；C.scared害怕的；D.disappointed失望的。根据前文“There,shesawanexhibitabouthowpoisonouschemicalswere

plantsandanimalsinLakeErie.”可知，RenéeHaggerty看到有毒的化学物质正影响着植物和动物，因此死亡的鱼的数量让她感到害怕，故选C。【21题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Haggerty了解到被丢弃的电池释放毒药到环境中，回收是一个好的解决方法。A.takeoff脱下；B.giveoff释放，散发出；C.putup张贴；D.giveup放弃。根据空后“poisonsintotheenvironment”可知，此处指被丢弃的电池释放有害的毒药到自然环境中，故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.lifestyle生活方式；B.habit习惯；C.suggestion建议；D.solution解决方案。根据后文“Shegot

tostartarecyclingprograminschools”可知，她在学校发起了回收项目，因此她了解到回收是一个好的解决方法，故选D。【23题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我认为每个人都可以做到，因为每个人都使用电池，而且它能产生很大的影响。A.but但是；B.because因为；C.so所以；D.though尽管。根据空前“Ithinkeverybodycandoit”和空后“everyoneusesbatteries”可知，可知，空后是空前的原因，故此处应用because说明原因，故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.problem问题；B.decision决定；C.influence影响；D.difference改变。根据前文“Haggertylearntthatbatteriesthrownaway

poisonsintotheenvironmentandthatrecyclingwasagood”可知，因为每个人都是用电池，因此回收电池能带来很大的影响，makeabigdifference意为“产生很大的影响”，故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着这些话，她希望通过运动提高当地的环保意识。A.fame名声；B.awareness意识；C.prices价格；D.taxes税收。根据前文“Ithinkeverybodycandoit”可知，她认为每个人都能做到回收电池，因此她希望通过这些运动来提到当地人的意识，故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她得到了许可，在学校、公共图书馆、医院和教堂开展回收项目。A.explanation解释；B.permission许可；C.admission承认；D.knowledge知识。根据后文“tostartarecyclingprograminschools



thepubliclibrary,hospital,andchurches.”可知，她在学校、公共图书馆、医院和教堂这些地方开展项目是需要得到许可的，故选B。【27题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.aswellas也，还；B.becauseof因为；C.ratherthan而不是；D.insteadof代替。根据空前“schools”和空后“thepubliclibrary,hospital,andchurches”可知，学校、公共图书馆、医院和教堂都是开展项目的场所，因此用连词aswellas表并列，故选A。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她家人、朋友和当地废物管理官员的帮助下，她收集了容器，安排了运输，并制作了教育视频。A.help帮助；B.stress压力；C.hope希望；D.faith信念。根据空后“shegatheredcontainers,arrangedtransportation,andmadeaneducationalvideo”可知，她自己独自做这些事情太困难了，因此是在家人、朋友和当地废物管理员的帮助下，故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去两年里，已经收集了四吨电池。A.bought购买；B.used使用；C.collected收集；D.produced生产。根据后文“Theyaresentforrecyclingontheannualdangerouswastecollectionday.”可知，电池被送去回收，因此四吨电池被收集起来拿去回收，故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及她是否因工作而感觉像英雄时，Haggerty感到相当谦虚。A.tastes尝起来；B.sounds听起来；C.feels感觉；D.looks看起来。根据空后“likeahero”可知，此处意为感觉自己像英雄，feellike意为“感觉像”，故选C。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.modest谦虚的；B.curious好奇的；C.relaxed放松的；D.terrified害怕的。根据后文她的回答““Notreally.Well,maybeforthefishI!”shesaid.”可知，她的回答很谦虚，故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“不完全是。也许对我救的鱼来说是的”。A.cleaned清理；B.kept保持；C.caught捕捉；D.saved拯救。根据前文“Shetalkedtohercountygovernmentandschoolboard.Shegot

tostartarecyclingprograminschools



thepubliclibrary,hospital,andchurches.”可知，她发起了回收活动，从而拯救了湖里的动物和植物，因此此处指她救的鱼，故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：GloriaBarron奖每年表彰8到18岁的年轻人，他们在服务公众和地球方面展现了领导力和勇气。A.gathers聚集；B.honors表彰；C.donates捐赠；D.greets问候。根据空后“youngAmericansaged8to18whohaveshownleadershipandcourage”可知，GloriaBarron奖是表彰那写有领导力和勇气的人，故选B。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.serving服务；B.trusting信任；C.combining结合；D.offering提供。根据前文“The13-year-oldAmericangirlwontheGloriaBarronPrizethismonthforhertwoyearsofhardworkcollecting

thathadbeenthrownawayandrecyclingthem.”可知，GloriaBarron奖是表彰对公众和地球有积极影响的人，因此此处为服务公众和地球，故选A。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年10个获奖者收到2000美元，来帮助他们的教育费用和他们的公共服务工作。A.receive收到；B.donate捐赠；C.spend花费；D.raise筹集。根据后文“tohelpwiththeireducationcostsortheirpublicservicework.”可知，这些钱是用于帮助他们的教育费用和公共服务工作，因此此处指这些获奖者每年收到2000美元，故选A。Ⅳ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIsourplanetheatingup?Arehumanbeingstoblameforclimatechange?Thesequestionshaveburstintonewspapers,TVprogrammes,filmsandpopularbooks.Thediscussiononthissubjecthasbeenheated.butwhatarescientistsactuallysaying?AtReader'sDigest,wedecidedtofindout.Hastheplaneteverbeenthiswarmbefore?Yes.ithas,andevenwarmer.Greenlandwasforestedbetween450,000and800,000yearsago,sotemperatureswereconsiderablywarmerthen.Therehavealsobeenothertimesofrelativelyhightemperatures.Sowhydoestheconcernexist?It'sallaboutthespeedatwhichtemperaturesarechanging.Inthepast,temperaturesmovedupordowngradually.Butinthe20thand21stcenturies,especiallysince1976,temperatureshaveprobablyrisenmorequicklythanduringanycenturyinthepast1,000years.WarmingmaybringimprovedcropproductionandotherbenefitstonortherncountriessuchasCanadaorRussia.However,manyspeciesmaynotadapttoconditions,andtheonesthatareabletomaycauseaproblem.Mosquitoeshavebeenmovingnorthwardstohigherplaces.TheWestNilevirus(病毒),firstseeninNorthAmericanineyearsago,infected(传染)about4,000peopleintheUSin2006.Themountainpinebeetle,whichisactiveduringwarmerwinters,hasalreadydestroyedabout13millionhectaresofCanada'sforests,worthanestimated$6.4billion.Whatiscausingthewarming?TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)hasconcludedthathumanactivityisverylikelyresponsible,byincreasingtheconcentrationsofgreenhousegasesandthusthegreenhouseeffect.Morethan25scientificsocieties,includingthoseintheG8nations,haveendorsedtheconclusion.Somescientists,however,stilldisagree,arguingthatthehumancontributionisnothing.36.Whentheplanetisheatingup,whichofthefollowingcanmostlikelybenefitfromit?A.Forests. B.Animals. C.Agriculture. D.Industry.37.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinthepast.A.temperaturesremainedthesameforalongtimeB.moreandmoreanimalsdiedofthecoldweatherC.cropscouldn'tgrowincoldcountrieslikeRussiaD.themountainpinebeetlecausedlessdamagetoforests38.Theunderlinedword“endorsed”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans.A.challenged B.supported C.discussed D.refused【答案】36.C37.D38.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了全球变暖的相关科学观点，包括地球历史上的温度变化、当前变暖速度的影响以及人类活动对气候变暖的作用。【36题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“WarmingmaybringimprovedcropproductionandotherbenefitstonortherncountriessuchasCanadaorRussia.(全球变暖可能会带来农作物产量的提升，以及给北部国家如加拿大和俄罗斯带来其他好处。)”可知，当地球温度变暖，农业可能会受益，故选C。【37题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Inthepast,temperaturesmovedupordowngradually.Butinthe20thand21stcenturies,especiallysince1976,temperatureshaveprobablyrisenmorequicklythanduringanycenturyinthepast1,000years.(在过去，气温逐渐上升或下降。但在20世纪和21世纪，尤其是1976年以来，气温上升的速度可能比过去1000年里的任何一个世纪都要快。)”和“Themountainpinebeetle,whichisactiveduringwarmerwinters,hasalreadydestroyedabout13millionhectaresofCanada'sforests,worthanestimated$6.4billion.(山松甲虫在温暖的冬天和活跃，已经破坏了加拿大大约1300万公顷的森林，价值约64亿美元。)”可推知，山松甲虫在气温上升速度快的现在，对森林造成了极大的破坏，因此在过去，温度上升缓慢时，对森林造成的破坏较小，故选D。【38题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线词后文的转折内容“Somescientists,however,stilldisagree,arguingthatthehumancontributionisnothing.(然而，一些科学家仍然不同意此观点，认为人类的作用微不足道。)”可知，此句与后文构成转折关系，故此处划线词与B项“supported(支持，同意)”意思相近，包括八国集团在内的超过25个科学协会已经同意了这一结论，然而一些科学家仍然不同意，故选B。BYoumayhaveheardofthebookMobyDick(《白鲸记》),writtenbytheAmericanauthorHermanMelville.YoumayalsoknowthatMobyDickisconsideredoneofthegreatestnovelseverwritten.However,itmightsurpriseyoutofindoutthatHermanMelvillewasnotalwaysahighlyregardedauthor.Melville’sfirsttwonovels,TypeeandOmoo,werewidelyreadandfinanciallysuccessful.Theywerebothexcitingtalesofadventuresatseaandexperienceswithpeopleinforeignlands.Melvillebecamequitefamous.However,uponthepublicationofhisthirdbook,Mardi,Melville’spopularitybegantoweaken.Hewasnolongerinterestedintellingtalesofpureadventure,andhiswritingtookonastylethatalienated(使疏远)thegeneralreadingpublicofhistime.MelvillepublishedMobyDickinOctoberof1851.Itwasanoriginalnovel,combiningaspectsofsociologyandphilosophy,whichconfusedreadersbyitscomplexsymbolism.Thebooksoldpoorly.Melville’snextbook,Pierre,wasalmostcompletelydisregardedbythepublic.Debt,frustration,andillhealthfinallyforcedMelvilletotakealow-payingjobasacustomsinspector.Eventually,Melvilleabandonedprose(散文)andbegantowritepoetry.TheCivilWaristhemainsubjectofMelville’spoetry.Heandhisbrothermadeatriptothefrontline,andhepublishedabookofpoems,Battle-PiecesandAspectsoftheWar,basedonthisexperience.Melvillediedin1891attheageofseventy-two.Atthispoint,hisworkhadbeencompletelyforgottenbythepublic.Histalentwastogounrecognizedforthenextthirtyyears.Then,inthe1920s,hisreputationbegantoimproveascriticsandreadersrediscoveredhiswork.TodayMobyDickisoneofthebest-knownnovelseverpennedbyanAmericanauthor.39.WhydidMelville’spopularitybecomeweak?A.Hechangedhiswritingstyles.B.Hedidn’thavemuchmoney.C.Noonepublishedhisbooks.D.Readersturnedforbetterworks.40.WecanlearnfromthetextthatMobyDick________.A.soldalittlebetterthanPierreB.wasMelville’sfavoritenovelC.wascopiedfromotherbooksD.madeMelvillepopularagain41.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThemainworksofMelville.B.TheskillsinMelville’swriting.C.TheupsanddownsofMelville.D.ThereasonforMelville’sfailure.【答案】39.A40.A41.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了著名小说《白鲸记》的作者HermanMelville作为作家和诗人的一生。【39题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句“However,uponthepublicationofhisthirdbook,Mardi,Melville’spopularitybegantoweaken.Hewasnolongerinterestedintellingtalesofpureadventure,andhiswritingtookonastylethatalienatedthegeneralreadingpublicofhistime.(然而，在他的第三部作品《玛迪》出版之后，梅尔维尔的受欢迎程度开始下降。他不再热衷于讲述纯粹的冒险故事，其作品风格变得让当时的一般读者难以接受)”可知，Melville受欢迎度下降是由于他转换了自己的写作风格，疏远了当时的一般读者。故选A项。【40题详析】推理判断题。由文章的第三段“Thebooksoldpoorly.(这本书（白鲸记）卖的不好)”和第四段“Melville’snextbook,Pierre,wasalmostcompletelydisregardedbythepublic.(Melville的下一本书《皮埃尔》几乎没有得到公众的认可)”可知，相较于Pierre，MobyDick要卖的稍微好一点。故选A项。【41题详析】主旨大意题。本文属于人物传记，主要介绍了美国著名作家HermanMelville所写的几本小说。他的前两本小说《泰比》和《奥姆》很受欢迎，但接下来的《白鲸记》和《皮埃尔》不受欢迎，于是Melville决定转去写诗歌。但在他去世后，他的作品《白鲸记》却受到了人们的追捧。所以本篇文章主要讲述的是作家Melville跌宕起伏的人生。故选C项。CAdultswhohadclosecontactwithnaturalspacesduringtheirchildhoodcouldhaveabettermentalhealththanthosewhohadlesscontact,accordingtoanewstudybytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth(ISGlobal).Theall-adultstudygave3,600participantsaquestionnaire(问卷)onhowfrequentlytheyusednaturalspacesduringchildhood—forexample,playinginagarden,ridingabikeattheparkorhikinginaforest.Theywerealsoaskedabouttheimportancetheyputonusingsuchplaces.Volunteerswerethengivenapsychological(心理的)test,whichincludedavarietyofquestionnairesandproblem-solvingactivities,toanalyzetheirnervousnessandfeelingsofdepressionwithinafour-weekperiod.Theresultsconsistentlyshowedthatthepeoplewhoweremoreexposed(暴露的)tonaturalspaceshadhighermentalhealthscorescomparedtothosewithlowerchildhoodexposure——asdidthosewhoattachedhigherimportancetousinggreenspaces.Thestudy'scoordinator(协调员),WilmaZijlema,wrotethattheresults“showtheimportanceofchildhoodexposuretonaturalspacesforthedevelopmentofanature-appreciatingattitudeandahealthypsychologicalstateinadulthood".Shealsostressedtheimportanceof“recognizingtheimplications(含义)ofgrowingupinenvironmentswithlimitedopportunitiesforexposuretonature”.Accordingtothestudy,73percentofEurope'spopulationonlyhaslimitedaccesstonaturalspaces.MarkNieuwenhuijsensaidthat“ManychildreninEuropeleadanindoorslifestyle,soitwouldbedesirabletomakenaturaloutdoorenvironmentsavailable,attractiveandsafeforthemtoplayin.Wemakeacallonpolicymakerstoimprovetheavailabilityofnaturalspacesforchildrenandgreenschoolyards.”WhilethisstudywasbasedinEurope,alackofgreenspacecanaffectanyone,anywhere.Soremembertomaketimetoimmerseyourselfinnature,asyourmentalhealthisjustasimportantasthephysicalone.42.WhatwasthepurposeoftheISGlobal'sstudy?A.Toexaminetheadvantagesoftakingawalk.B.Toseehowchildhoodexperiencesshapeadultlife.C.Tounderstandthementalhealthproblemsofchildren.D.Tostudytheinfluenceofchildhoodexposuretonaturalspaces.43.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A.Theparticipantswerefromallovertheworld.B.Theparticipantsincludedbothchildrenandadults.C.Itfocusedontheparticipants'physicalhealthstate.D.Itconsistedofaquestionnaireandapsychologicaltest.44.WhatdoParagraphs5-6mainlytalkabout?A.Thevalueofthestudy.B.Themethodofthestudy.C.Theprocessofthestudy.D.Thedifficultiesofthestudy.45.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.BenefitsofGreenSpacesB.ValuesofPsychologicalTestsC.ImportanceofPhysicalHealthD.ProblemsofEurope'sPopulation【答案】42.D43.D44.A45.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项大规模的研究，揭示了童年时期接触自然空间对成年人心理健康的积极影响，并呼吁政策制定者采取措施，改善儿童接触自然空间的机会。【42题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Adultswhohadclosecontactwithnaturalspacesduringtheirchildhoodcouldhaveabettermentalhealththanthosewhohadlesscontact,accordingtoanewstudybytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth(ISGlobal).(根据巴塞罗那全球健康研究所的一项新研究，童年时期与自然空间有密切接触的成年人可能比接触较少的人拥有更好的心理健康。)”可知，研究的目的是研究童年时期接触自然空间的影响。故选D项。【43题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Theall-adultstudygave3,600participantsaquestionnaire(问卷)onhowfrequentlytheyusednaturalspacesduringchildhood—forexample,playinginagarden,ridingabikeattheparkorhikinginaforest.Theywerealsoaskedabouttheimportancetheyputonusingsuchplaces.(这项全是成年人的研究向3600名参与者提供了一份调查问卷，询问他们在童年时期使用自然空间的频率——例如，在花园里玩耍、在公园骑自行车或在森林里徒步旅行。他们还被问及使用这些地方的重要性。)”和第三段的内容“Volunteerswerethengivenapsychological(心理的)test,whichincludedavarietyofquestionnairesandproblem-solvingactivities,toanalyzetheirnervousnessandfeelingsofdepressionwithinafour-weekperiod.(然后，志愿者们接受了一项心理测试，其中包括各种问卷调查和解决问题的活动，以分析他们在四周内的紧张情绪和抑郁情绪。)”可知，研究包括了问卷和心理测试。故选D项。【44题详析】主旨大意题。根据第五段的内容“Thestudy’scoordinator(协调员),WilmaZijlema,wrotethattheresults“showtheimportanceofchildhoodexposuretonaturalspacesforthedevelopmentofanature-appreciatingattitudeandahealthypsychologicalstateinadulthood".Shealsostressedtheimportanceof“recognizingtheimplications(含义)ofgrowingupinenvironmentswithlimitedopportunitiesforexposuretonature”.(该研究的协调人WilmaZijlema写道，研究结果“显示了童年接触自然空间对成年后培养欣赏自然的态度和健康的心理状态的重要性”。她还强调了“认识到在接触自然机会有限的环境中成长的影响”的重要性。)”和第六段的内容“Accordingtothestudy,73percentofEurope’spopulationonlyhaslimitedaccesstonaturalspaces.MarkNieuwenhuijsensaidthat“ManychildreninEuropeleadanindoorslifestyle,soitwouldbedesirabletomakenaturaloutdoorenvironmentsavailable,attractiveandsafeforthemtoplayin.Wemakeacallonpolicymakerstoimprovetheavailabilityofnaturalspacesforchildrenandgreenschoolyards.”(根据这项研究，73%的欧洲人口只有有限的自然空间。MarkNieuwenhuijsen说：“欧洲的许多孩子都过着室内生活，所以最好能给他们提供一个自然的、有吸引力的、安全的户外环境。”我们呼吁政策制定者改善儿童自然空间和绿色校园的可用性。”)”可知，第五段和第六段主要讨论了研究结果的意义和研究协调员WilmaZijlema的观点，强调了童年时期接触自然空间的重要性以及对政策制定者的呼吁。因此，这两段主要讨论了研究的价值。故选A项。【45题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段“Adultswhohadclosecontactwithnaturalspacesduringtheirchildhoodcouldhaveabettermentalhealththanthosewhohadlesscontact,accordingtoanewstudybytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth(ISGlobal).(根据巴塞罗那全球健康研究所的一项新研究，童年时期与自然空间有密切接触的成年人可能比接触较少的人拥有更好的心理健康。)”可知，文章主要探讨了童年时期接触自然空间对成年人心理健康的积极影响，并呼吁政策制定者改善儿童接触自然空间的机会。因此，用A项“BenefitsofGreenSpaces(绿色空间的好处)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。V.阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。LouGehrigwasoneofbaseball’sgreatestplayers.Hisparentsdidn’twanthimtomakeacareerofbaseball.Theythoughtitwasawasteoftime,buthelovedthegame.Hewasonhishighschoolbaseballteam.A-talentscout(物色运动员的人)sawhimandofferedhimasportsscholarshipincollege.Thefamilydidn’thavemuchmoneybecausehisfatherwasill.Hismotherwasacookatthecollege,andLouwaitedontablestohelppayhisway.HestartedplayingfortheNewYorkYankeesin1923.Hisparentsscrapedtogether$14forhimtomakethetriptospringtrainingcampinNewOrleans.Whenhegotthere,hestartedlookingforajob,buttheteampaidhimsomemoneyinadvance.Hewasabletoconcentrateonpracticingandimprovinghisskills.Heimprovedsomuchthattwodifferenttimes,hewasnamedAmericanLeagueMostValuablePlayer.Hewascalledthe“IronHorse”.Heplayedineverygamefor14yearswithoutmissingevenone.Heplayedover2,000games.Thatwasarecordwhichwasn’tbrokenfor50years.Butthensomethingbadhappened.Hecouldbarelyswingthebatandhecouldn’trunaroundthebasesanymore.Heknewsomethingwaswrong.Hehadadiseaseandwouldbecomeunabletomove.Heknewhewouldnotbeabletocontinueplayingbaseball,soheresigned.TheYankeesheldaspecialdayinYankeeStadiumonJuly4,1939tohonorhim.Inhisspeechhesaidhiscareerinbaseballmadehim“theluckiestmanonthefaceoftheearth”.ThatsameyearhewasvotedintotheHallofFame.Eventhoughhecouldnolongerplaybaseball,hekepthimselfbusybytakingajobservingontheNewYorkStateParoleCommission.Hekeptworkinguntilhediedin1941.46.HowdidLouGehriggethissportsscholarship?(nomorethan8words)____________________________________________________________________________________47.WhatinformationcanwegetfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2?(nomorethan15words)____________________________________________________________________________________48.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?(nomorethan8words)____________________________________________________________________________________49.WhatdidLouGehrigdoafterhoresigned?(nomorethan13words)____________________________________________________________________________________50.WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkLouGehrigis?Andwhy?____________________________________________________________________________________【答案】46.Atalentscoutofferedittohim.47.Hisfamilywaspoor,buthisparentssupportedhimasmuchastheycould.48.LouGehrigmadegreatachievementsinbaseball.49.HetookajobservingontheNewYorkStateParoleCommission.50.本题为开放式话题，——★参考答案★——：Becauseofhisgreatachievementsinbaseball,heisoneofthebestbaseballplayers.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，介绍了美国历史上传奇棒球运动员亨利·路易士·贾里格LouGehrig的故事。【46题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“A-talentscout(物色