2025上海市崇明区高三英语二模试题及答案

试题试题2024学年崇明区第二学期高三第二次模拟考试英语（考试时间105分钟,满分115分。请将答案填涂在答题纸上）I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.BabyHippo(河马)inThailandGetsOfficialSongforWorldwideFansAbabyhippoinThailandbecamefamousearlierthisyearwhenzooworkerspublishedimagesandvideosofheronline.Nowthepygmyhippo(侏儒河马),namedMooDeng,hasanofficialsongandvideoreleased(1)____severallanguagesforherfansworldwide.MooDenglivesatKhaoKheowOpenZoo,southeastoftheThaicapital,Bangkok.ZooworkerAtthaponNundee(2)_(post)____sweetmomentsoftheanimal'slifeforthepastfewmonths.Duringthattime,thehippohasreceivedwidespreadattentiononsocialmedia.Fansoftheanimalhaveexpressed(3)____theyenjoywatchingthepinkcheekedbabyactivelyinteractwithhermotherandotherzooworkers.MooDeng--whichmeans"bouncypork"inThai--isakindofmeatball.Thename,chosenbyfansonsocialmedia,issimilarto(4)____ofhertwobrothers:MooToon(stewed(炖制的)pork)andMooWan(sweetpork).MooDeng'spopularityhasspreadinternationallyandshehasgainedtheattentionofsomeprofessionalsportsteams.Fanssayhernamefitsherlivelypersonality.MooDenglikesto"deng."orbounce,andherbouncingbehaviorhasledtocountlessinternetmemes(表情包)ThewidespreadpublicityledwellknownThaicomposer(5)____(write)aspecialsongforMooDeng.Thelively50-secondsong,called,naturally,Moodeng,(6)____(release)byoneofThailand'sbiggestrecordingcompanies,GMMMusiclastweek.Amusicvideo(7)____goesalongwiththesongshowsthebabyhippobouncingaround,playingwithherkeeper,orspendingtimewithhermother,Jona.MooDengisnowfourmonthsold.Officialsestimatedthebabyhippohasbroughtinabout3,000to5,000visitorsadayonaverage(8)____itbecamepopularonline.ThezooalsosellsMooDengthemedsouvenirs,beddingandotherproducts.Thezoo'sdirector,MarongwiChochoi,saidtheadditionalearningsfromMooDengwillhelpthezoo's(9)____(breed)programsformanyendangeredanimals,likethepygmyhippo,whichisthreatenedbyillegalhuntingandlossofhabitat.PygmyhipposarenativetoWestAfrica,butexpertssaythereareonly2,000-3,000ofthem(10)____(leave)inthewild.AllfourversionsoftheMooDengsongareavailableonline.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.cultivateB.dependenceC.generatingD.insufficientE.learnableF.predictorG.quittingH.restrictionI.underlyingJ.widespreadK.windTheImportanceofWillpowerNomatterwhatyourgoalsareinlife,willpowerisofgreatimportance.Willpowerisalsoofcriticalimportanceforbehavioralchange.Whetheryou're____(11)____abadhabit,tryingtogetinshape,orstrugglingwithprocrastination(拖延症),you'llneedwillpower.Ofcourse,I'mallaboutusingstrategiestoreduceour____(12)____onwillpower,butyoucannotremovetheneedforwillpowerentirely.Asteady,disciplineduseofwillpowermightseemlikea(n)____(13)____ofpersonalfreedom,butitisnot.If____(14)____willpowerleavesyouaslavetobadhabitsandaddictions,thenyou'renotreallyfree.Ifyoucan'tgatherthewillpowertoovercomeprocrastinationandearnabetterlifeforyourself,thenyou'renotreallyfree.To____(15)____truefreedom,you'llneedwillpower.Importantly,researchhasshownthatself-controlis____(16)____.Whenresearchersteachpeoplewithpoorself-controlthestrategiesusedbythosewithhighself-control,thepoorself-controlsubjectsimprove.Willpowerisnotfixeditcanbedevelopedthroughstrategyandpractice.Peoplewholearntomasterwillpowerbecomeactiveagentsinlife,anddiscoverthattheyareresponse-ableineverysituation.Andthisappliestotheirbehaviorsaswellastheiremotions.WalterMischeldescribedself-controlas"themastertalent"____(17)____emotionalintelligence,essentialforconstructingasatisfyinglife."It'shardtofindanyonewhosaysthatwillpowerdoesn'tmatter.Yet,despitethe____(18)____agreementabouthowimportantwillpoweris,thereisverylittleagreementinthescientificcommunityabouthowwillpoweractuallyworks.WalterMischelisthemanbehindthefamous"marshmallow(棉花软糖)test"andtheauthorofabookbythesamename.Hisresearchappearedtoshowthatyoungchildrenwithhighself-control____(19)____updoingbetterashighschoolersandadults.Butmorerecentresearchhasproventhisfindingwrong,showingthatthewillpowerlevelsofyoungchildrenarenotagood____(20)____oflatersuccess.Thismakessensebecausetheprefrontalcortex-theareaofthebrainresponsibleforwillpower-ispoorlydevelopedinyoungchildrenanddoesn'tfinishdevelopinguntilearlyadulthood.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Thedaughters,butnotthesons,ofwomenwhogivebirthatage30orolderaremorelikelytoexperiencesymptomsofdepressionasyoungadults,accordingtoresearchpublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.Teame,adoctoralstudentattheUniversityofWesternAustraliaandleadauthorofthestudy,andhercolleaguesanalyzeddatafromtheWesternAustralianPregnancyCohortStudy.Pregnant(怀孕的)womenwereselectedintothestudy,andprovidedpsychological____(21)____.Theiroffspring(子女)thenunderwentpsychological____22____atvariousagesoverthenext23years.Inthisstudy,theresearchers____(23)____self-reportedlevelsofvarioussymptomsofdepression,anxietyandstressfrom1,200oftheoffspringatage20andcomparedthemwiththeageofthemotherandfatheratthetimethechildrenwereborn.Daughterswhosemotherswereoverage30atthetimeof____(24)____hadsignificantlyhigherlevelsofstress,depressionandanxietycomparedwithdaughterswhosemotherswereunderage30.However,thefathers'ageatthatparticulartimehadnoeffect,andtherewasnoeffectfoundfor____(25)____.Whiletheexactcauseofthisrelationshipisnotclear,Teamesaidshesuspectsitisnotnecessarily____(26)____."Onehypothesis(假设)isthat____(27)____mayoccurinthemother-daughterrelationshipbecauseofalargeagedifferencebetweenthetwo,"saidTeame."Itmaybethata30ormoreyearagedifferencebetweenmotheranddaughterleadstoasignificantdifferenceinthe____(28)____systems.Thatmaycause____(29)____intherelationship,leadingtostress,worryandsadnessinthechild,particularlyduringthetransitiontoyoungadulthood."Anotherpossible____(30)____maybethatthewomenwhogavebirthoverage30wouldbeintheir50satthetimetheirchildrenwereassessed.Therefore,theyaremorelikelytobeexperiencinghealthproblemsassociatedwith____(31)____.Thiscouldalsoleadtohigherlevelsof____(32)____inthechildren,Teamesaid.Otherstudieshavesuggestedthatdaughtersaremoreaffectedbytheirmother'shealthproblemsthansons.Thiscouldplaywhythe____(33)____onlyappearsindaughters,shesaid."Itisimportanttoremember,too,thatthestudyindicatedsymptomsofdistressbutnota(n)____(34)____diagnosis,"saidMoniqueRobinson,PhD,oftheUniversityofWesternAustralia,anotherauthorofthestudy."Itcouldbethattheoffspringofoldermothersareatriskforafewmoresymptomsofdepression,anxietyandstress,butthatdoesnotnecessarilymeantheywillexperiencea(n)____(35)____mentaldisorder."21.A.association B.adjustment C.support D.information22.A.consultation B.intervention C.assessment D.treatment23.A.lookedat B.wentafter C.respondedto D.persistedin24.A.promotion B.graduation C.marriage D.birth25.A.sons B.mothers C.daughters D.grandchildren26.A.temporary B.biological C.subjective D.psychological27.A.transitions B.difficulties C.interactions D.competitions28.A.value B.blood C.education D.security29.A.mistakes B.limits C.tensions D.distractions30.A.exception B.equivalent C.foundation D.explanation31.A.income B.promotion C.aging D.exercising32.A.commitment B.symptoms C.expectations D.consciousness33.A.effect B.struggle C.friction D.imitation34.A.initial B.ultimate C.general D.clinical35.A.rare B.treatable C.diagnosable D.irreversibleSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Why,inaworldwherewetechnicallyproduceenoughfoodtofeedeveryone,domillionsofpeoplegotobedhungryeachnight?Thestatisticsaretragic,andsuchacontradictionshouldhavenoplaceinourmodernworld.TheUN'ssecondsustainabilitygoal,"ZeroHunger,"isanambitiousplantoendhungerintheworldby2030.However,theglobalscaleofthehungerstaggerstheimagination,andit'sgettingworse.AccordingtoWorldVision,asmanyas828millionpeople,or10%oftheglobalpopulation,aresufferingfromfoodinsecurity.Whatarethedrivingforcesbehindthisproblemofhunger?Armedconflictisone.Itforcespeopleawayfromtheirhomes,ruinseconomiesandturnsmillionsofpeopleintorefugees(难民)whobecomereliantonaidandluckfortheirdailyneeds.Extremeweathereventsalsodriveworldhungerbydestroyinghomesandmakingfarmlandunusable.Finally,around30percentoftheworld'sfoodislostorwastedannually,Foodlossoccurswhenfoodisdamagedorspoiledwhilemovingthroughthesupplychain.Foodwastehappenswhenindividuals,supermarketsorrestaurantsbuymorefoodthantheyneedandthrowawaytheunnecessary.Despitetheseterriblefacts,WorldHungerDayisn'tjustaboutbadnews.Foundedin2011bytheHungerProject,WorldHungerDayisalsoaboutcelebratingsolutionsthatwilleliminate(消除)starvation.InAfrica,theHungerProjecthasbeenworkingtoencouragemoresustainableandefficientfarmingmethods.Forexample,bydiversifyingtheircrops,farmerswillhavehealthiersoil.Furthermore,sincefarmersneedaccesstosafe,cleanwater,theHungerProjectteachespeoplehowtomonitor,maintainandrepairwatersystems.TheUNWorldFoodProgrammeaidsfarmersbyhelpingthemconnecttolocaleconomies,improveproductionmethodsandreducecroploss.And,forchildrenandtheweak,theyprovidespecialnutrientrichfoods.Sowhatcanyoudotohelpeliminateworldhunger?Asidefromtryingtoreduceyourfoodwaste,keepeducatingyourselfandothersabouttheissue.Lookforopportunitiestofeedthehungryinyourowncommunities.Eachstep,eachchoice,andeachvoicecanhelpmakehungerathingofthepast.36.By"staggerstheimaginationinparagraph2,theauthormeans_______.A.hungrypeoplearemoreimaginativeB.theseriousnessofhungershockspeopleC."ZeroHunger"isimpossibletoachieveD.theUNhaspredictedthescaleofhunger37.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthecausesofhungeraccordingtothepassage?A.Somelandbecomesunsuitableforfarmingduetoextremeweather.B.Thefoodsupplychaindrivespeopletothrowawayadditionalfood.C.Warsforcerefugeestogiveuptheirhomesandtodestroyfarmland.D.Someareasareunabletoproduceenoughfoodforlackoflabourforce.38.TheUNhasbeendedicatedtotheeliminationofstarvationbyhelping_______.A.investinlocaleconomicsB.developnewseedsforfarmersC.increasethevarietyofcropsD.feedthehungryincommunities39.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheNewFaceofHungerB.ClimateChangeandFoodCrisisC.TheMarchTowardZeroHungerD.Hunger:Symptoms,Causes,andSolutions(B)Travellingbyrailholdsaromanticandold-fashionedappealthatcan'tbematchedbyflyingordriving.Bytakingtheslowroute,yougettoexperienceandinteractwithanareainacompletelydifferentway.1.THEROCKYMOUNTAINEERWhere:Canada,fromVancouvertoBanff,JasperandCalgary.When:InJune,whichisspringtimeintheRockies,completewithbeautifulflowersandplentyofwildlife.Duration:Betweentwoandeightdaystravellingonlyindaylight,stayinginluxurioushotels.Highlights:UnmatchedviewsoftheRockyMountains,incredibleluxuryateverystageofthetrip,traditionalnativestorytelling,wine2.EASTERNANDORIENTALEXPRESSWhere:FromThailand,throughMalaysia,toSingapore.When:AprilandMay,fortheleastwetweather.Duration:Tripsvaryfromtwotoeightdays.Highlights:You'lltravelthroughtheheartofSoutheastAsia.Fromgoldentemplesandricefieldstobigcities,thisluxurioustrainshowcasesthebestofthecountriesitpassesthrough.classesandnaturalhistoryworkshops.3.THEGHANWhere:Australia,fromAdelaidetoDarwinviaAliceSprings.When:Goingduringthewetseason(December,January)willallowyoutoseemorewildlifeandtropicalfeaturesinthenorth,thoughpeakseasonisusuallythewinter.Duration:Goingstraightthroughtakes52hours.Therearegetoffpointsfromwhichyoucantaketours.Highlights:GoingthroughAustralia'sRedCentrewithblueskies,redearthandnotmuchelse-—anunforgettablybeautifulandpeacefulexperience.4.THEROYALSCOTSMANWhere:AroundtheScottishHighlandsorallthewayaroundGreatBritain.When:Warmerweatherandupto20hoursofdaylightinJunemakesittheperfecttimetowatchbirdsflyingovermirror-likelakes,orgoinOctoberforautumncoloursandtheratherspecialdeer-matingseason.Duration:Tripscanbeasshortastwodaysoraslongasseven.Highlights:Possiblythemostexpensivetrainjourneyintheworld.You'llbetreatedlikeamemberofthemonarchy(王室).Superbcuisine,finewinesandcarriages(火车客车厢)thatlooklikeroomsatBalmoralCastleawaitthosewillingtopartwithaminimumof£2350perpersonforatwo-nighttrip.40.Theaboveinformationismainlyaimedat_______A.sellingsomepackagetourproductsB.advisingpeopletotravelbyrailforbusinessC.introducingsomegreatrailwayjourneysD.analyzingtheadvantagesoftravelingbytrain41.Ella,wholikestoexperiencefirst-rateserviceandtastedeliciousfood,willmostlikelychoose_______.A.TheRockyMountaincerB.EastcrmandOricntalExpressC.TheGhanD.TheRoyalScotsman42.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthefourroutes?A.Oneoftheroutesrunsinmorethanonecountry.B.WinteristherecommendedseasonfortheGhanC.TheRockyMountainceronlyfeaturesnaturalviews.D.TheRoyalScotsmanistheshortestofthefourroutes(C)Intheearly1900s,Frenchchemist,EdouardBenedictus,inventedshatterproof(防碎的)glassbychance.Butitssignificanceandrelevancedidn'temergeuntilthecarmarketcreatedtheproblemforwhichhehadalreadyfoundtheanswer.Suchmomentsofserendipityrevealtheunpredictablenatureofinnovation.Yet,evenincaseswherechanceplaysarole,asinBenedictus'sstory,thebroaderquestionremains:Aresuchdiscoveriestrulybornofluck,orweretheysomehow"intheair,"waitingfortherightpersontoseizethem?Someargueallthediscoverieswouldhavebeenmadebyotherpeople.Theybelieveifthetimewasripeinconceptualandtechnologicalterms,someonewouldhavegottheresoonerorlater.Thisistheusedandabusedunderstandingoftheoriesthatwere"intheair".Independently,CharlesDarwinandAlfredR.Wallace(thelatter15yearsbehindDarwin)arrivedatthetheoryofevolutionbynaturalselection,bothcountingonsimilardata.Thereexistedslightdifferencesinthetheory,butthecoincidencesofthoughtwereastonishing.Thisphenomenon,whichalsoexistsinbiologicalevolution,iscalledconvergence:twonon-closelyrelatedspeciesdevelopsimilarfunctionaladaptations.Thisoccursbecausetheenvironmentposessimilarsurvivalproblemstoboth,namelysimilarselectivepressures.Thisisanimportantcluethatcanhelpexplainwhythisdynamicalsoexistsinscientificknowledge:Therearesimilarselectivepressuresanddifferentresearchgroupsthatcompetetocomeupwiththesolutions.Ifweanalyzethestepsundertakenthatledtotheresult,wecanseethattherewereinfactsomeaccidentalelements.Theoveralldynamicwasnotaccidental,though.Yetisitreallypossiblethatalldiscoverieswereintheair?Letusassumeforamomentthatthisistrueandthatthemostluckcandoisspeeduptheinevitable.Allscientistsarestandingontheshouldersofthegiantswhohavegonebeforethem,andthereisobjectivelyacumulative(积累的)elementinscience.Nevertheless,atsomepointandintherightcircumstances,itwastheunknownscientists,notthegiants,whomanagedtoseealittlefarther.Themindofthegiantwasimprisonedbypriorknowledgeandsotrappedwithintheframeworkofestablishedhabits,researchquestions,andestablishedmethods.Thenew,little-knownscientist,ontheotherhand,willinonewayoranotherhavebeenabletobreakfreeofthechainsofestablishedknowledge.Andsoitwillhavebeenpossibleforthemtoimagineotherworlds.Thissuggeststhatitwillbeinnovators,withtheirpreparedminds,whohaveabetterchanceofmakingaccidentaldiscoveries,namelythatareirregularandunexpected.43.Inparagraph2“serendipity”refersto____.A.accidentalinventionB.emergenceofproblemsC.laterecognitionD.chemicalinnovation44.TheexampleofDarwinandWallaceisgiventoillustrate____.A.fiercecompetitionamongbiologicalscientistsB.theimportantroleofsimilardatainintentionalresearchC.independentbutsimilarsolutionsundersharedpressuresD.limitedresourcesandtechnologicaldependencyinscience45.Whatadvantagemightlesser-knownscientistshaveoverestablishedresearchers?A.Accesstoadvancedtools.B.Freedomfromrigidmindsets.C.Strongerpeercooperation.D.Greaterfundingopportunities.46.Whichstatementbestreflectsthemainideaofthepassage?A.Alldiscoveriesareinevitableresultsoftechnologicalprogress.B.Serendipityalonedrivesgroundbreakingscientificachievements.C.Traditionalmethodspreventinnovationandshouldbeabandoned.D.Majorbreakthroughsintegratepreparedmindswithaccidentalopportunities.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Buttheycan'tdothatwithheavyrainfall.B.Hepointedoutthefloodingcanalsohurtfoodproduction.C.Heavysnow'sfloodingimpactislessenedbecauseittakestimetomelt.D.AnotherbighotspotinAsiaistheHimalayas,TianShanandHinduKushmountains,withtheAlpsalsoaffected.E.Heavyraininmountainscausesalotmoreproblemsthanbigsnow,includingflooding,landslides,etc.,thestudyfound.F.Thesemountainoussystemsaresupplyingmostofthewater,soanydecreasesinwatersupplywouldbeprettysignificantintermsofwatermanagementGlobalHeatingMakingExtremeRainandDisastrousFloodingMoreLikelyAwarmingworldistransformingsomemajorsnowfallsovermountainsintoextremerain,worseningbothdangerousfloodingaswellaslong-termwatershortages,anewstudyhasfound.Usingrainandsnowmeasurementssince1950andcomputersimulations(模拟)forfutureclimate,scientistscalculatedthatforeverydegreeFahrenheittheworldwarms,extremerainfallathigheraltitude(海拔)increasesby8.3%,accordingtoastudyinNature.__47__Andtherainisnotconvenientlystoredawaylikesnowpackthatcanrechargereservoirs(水库)inspringandsummer.“Itisnotjustafar-offproblemthatisprojectedtooccurinthefuture,butthedataisactuallytellingusthatit'salreadyhappeningandweseethatinthedataoverthepastfewdecades,”saidleadauthorMohammedOmbadi,aLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryclimatescientist.ThestudylookedatonlytheheaviestrainseachyearoversixdecadesinthenorthernhalfoftheEarth,findingthatasaltituderose,sodidrainfall.Thebiggestincreaseinrainswerenoticedatabout10,000feet.ThatincludesmuchoftheAmericanwest,whereOmbadisaid“it'sveryobvious”,aswellaspartsoftheAppalachianMountains.____48____AboutoneinfourpeopleonEarthliveinanareasoclosetothemountainsordownhillthatextremerainandfloodingwouldhitthem,Ombadisaid.____49____HementionedCaliforniadepartmentofagricultureestimatesof$89mincropandfarmanimallossesfromthisyear'sextremerains.Butinthelongterm,anotherproblemiswatersupply.Intimesofdrought,watermanagersliketokeepwaterlevelshighinreservoirs,whichtheycandowithheavysnowpacksbecauseitmeltsslowly.____50____Soaswarmingcausesrainierextremes,societyisgoingtohavetochoosebetweencuttingwaterusebecauseoflowwaterlevelsinreservoirstoabsorbapossiblelargesuddenmountainrunoffeventorbuildexpensivenewreservoirs.III.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.51.KeystoSuccessinThisCEO'sEyesAsfounder,chairmanandCEO,RagyThomashasbeensuccessfulinleadingacompanyfromamereideatoamulti-billion-dollarsoftwarecompany.So,whatarehiskeystosuccess?Thomaswilltellyouit'snotenoughtobeatechnologyvisionary.You'vegottohavetheleadershipskillstomatchyourbigideas.First,Thomasinsiststhathisapproachtolifeingeneraliswhatoftensetshimapart.“We'reavillageof7billionpeople,andwhereyouareisnotwhatmakesyouhappyorcontrolslife,it'showyouapproachit.”Hesaysthisbig-picture,optimisticmindsetenableshimtorecognizeproblematicpatternsincustomercareandfindoutpotentialsolutions.Thomas'sforward-thinkingmindsetalsohashelpedhimembracethefactthatrapidlyadvancingtechnologyopensnewdoorsthroughwhichbusinessesandconsumerscaninteractinawholenewway.Byusingtechnologicaladvances,suchasAI,tosiftthrough(筛选)informationandintegratingmultiplechannelsofcommunicationintoaunifiedplatform,Thomassays,he'sbeenabletorevolutionizecustomercare.Thomassayshehatesfailurebutlovestheprocessoflearningthatcomesafterfailure.Whenfacedwiththetopicsofsuccess,failureandthemanyrisksinvolvedinstartingabusiness,Thomassays,“I'veneveraskedmyself,‘Whyme?'I'vealwaysaskedmyself‘Whynotme?'”Bybuildingstrong