2024-2025学年河南省部分名校高二下学期期中大联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省部分名校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中大联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABelowaresomeofthebestscholarshipsforhighschoolstudents.CarsonScholarsProgramDeadline:VariesAwardAmount:$1,000TheCarsonScholarsProgramisopentostudentsingradesfourthrougheleven.YoumusthaveaminimumGPAof3.75anddisplayhumanitarian(博爱的)qualitiesthroughcommunityservicetoqualifyforthisaward.Interestedstudentsmustbenominated(提名)byaneducatorattheirschool.MathWorksMathModelingChallengeDeadline:8/21/25AwardAmount:$5,000—$20,000TheMathWorksMathModelingChallengeisopentohighschooljuniorsandseniors.Inthischallenge,studentswillbegiven14continuoushourstosolveanopen-ended,realistic,appliedmath-modelingproblemfocusedonareal-worldproblem.ThechallengeisentirelyInternet-based.Studentschoosewhichdaytheywishtoworkonchallengeweekend.InternationalYoungEco-HeroAwardDeadline:6/2/25AwardAmount:$500TheInternationalYoungEco-HeroAwardisavailabletostudentsbetweentheagesof8and16whodemonstrateenvironmentalactivism.Tobeconsidered,youmustcarryoutanaction-based,self-initiated(自发的)projectthatconcernsenvironmentalhealthorprotectionofthenaturalworld.TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContestDeadline:11/13/25AwardAmount:$1,000TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContestisopentohighschoolstudents.Toenter,youmustcreatea16“×20”posterthatillustratestheideathatonepersoncanchangetheworldforthebetter.Theposterconcept,design,andanyphotosorartworkusedmustbetheoriginalworkofthestudententeringthecompetition.Posterswillbejudgedonoverallimpact,effectivenessinconveyingthetheme,originality,andartisticquality.1.Whichscholarshipvaluescommunityengagementmost?A.CarsonScholarsProgram.B.MathWorksMathModelingChallenge.C.InternationalYoungEco-HeroAward.D.TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContest.2.WhatisarequirementfortheInternationalYoungEco-HeroAward?A.Aneducator’snomination. B.Displayofdesignoriginality.C.Anenvironment-relatedproject. D.Advocacyofanimalwelfare.3.WhatarethePosterContestparticipantsexpectedtodo?A.Solvereal-worldproblems. B.Justifypersonalartisticideas.C.Conductresearchonglobalissues. D.Createposterswithaspecifictheme.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四项针对高中生的奖学金项目，包括申请要求、奖项金额及核心考察点。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据CarsonScholarsProgram部分“TheCarsonScholarsProgramisopentostudentsingradesfourthrougheleven.YoumusthaveaminimumGPAof3.75anddisplayhumanitarian(博爱的)qualitiesthroughcommunityservicetoqualifyforthisaward.(卡森学者计划对四年级至十一年级的学生开放。你必须至少有3.75的平均绩点，并通过社区服务表现出博爱的品质，才有资格获得该奖项)”可知，卡森学者计划要求申请者通过社区服务展现博爱的品质，即最重视社区参与度。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据InternationalYoungEco-HeroAward部分“TheInternationalYoungEco-HeroAwardisavailabletostudentsbetweentheagesof8and16whodemonstrateenvironmentalactivism.Tobeconsidered,youmustcarryoutanaction-based,self-initiated(自发的)projectthatconcernsenvironmentalhealthorprotectionofthenaturalworld.(国际青年生态英雄奖面向8至16岁表现出环保主义的学生。要被考虑，你必须执行一个基于行动的、自发的项目，该项目涉及环境健康或保护自然世界)”可知，申请该奖项的核心要求是执行与环境相关的项目。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContest部分“TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContestisopentohighschoolstudents.Toenter,youmustcreatea16“×20”posterthatillustratestheideathatonepersoncanchangetheworldforthebetter.(克利斯朵夫高中海报比赛对高中生开放。要参赛，你必须制作一张16英寸×20英寸的海报，以阐释一个人能够让世界变得更美好的理念)”可知，参赛者需围绕“个人改变世界”这一主题创作海报。故选D。BIfirstjoinedBarnsleylibraryonmyseventhbirthday.Itwasadustysuite(套房)ofratherfrightening,dark-panelledroomsatthetopofaseriesofstaircasesinanoldbuilding.Asinglelibrarianstoodguard,andwhenIfirstarrivedtostareinaweatthepalaceofbooks—therowsofbookshelves;thearchways(拱道),thelong,darkpassages—shestrictlyindicatedasingleshelfofchildren’sbooksbytheentrance.Shesaidthatthiswasthechildren’ssection—here,whereshecouldkeepaneyeonme—andthatIhadtowaitanotherfiveyearstoaccesstherestofthelibrary.Ireadallthebooksontheshelfinthreemonths.IcameineverySaturday.Whilemyparentswenttothemarket,Iwouldsitinthelibraryandread,andstarelonginglyattheforbiddenbookshelves.Eventually,thelibrarianagreedtobendtherulesforme.Sheallowedmetoborrowonebookamonthfromtheadultsection,aslongasshefeltitwassuitable.ThusIspentmySaturdaymorningsspeed-readingallthebooksthatIknewwouldn’tbejudgedsuitable,beforefinallychoosingthebookwhichIthoughtwouldpassthelibrarian’sscrutinytotakehome.Astimepassed,sodidherworrythatIwasuptonogood,andIwouldspendhoursexploringthelibrary,hiddenawayamongtheshelves.Ihadmyfavouritereadingspot,atthebackofthemythology(神话)section.Eventhestrictlibrarianseemedlessdisapproving.OnedayIcameintofindthatshehadbroughtabeanbagintomyplace,sothatIwouldn’thavetositonthefloor.Iwashome.Later,thelibraryclosed,andmovedtoanew,concretebuildinginthetowncentre.Itwasmuchlargerthantheoldlibraryhadbeen,andverymuchmorepractical.Butmyheartremainsinthedustyoldshelvesofthatfirstlibrary,inwhichIfoundmynaturalhome,myfictionalworlds,andmypeople.4.Whatrestrictiondidthelibrarianinitiallyplaceontheauthor?A.Onemonthlyvisittothelibrary. B.Apermanentbanonadultbooks.C.Limitedaccesstoaspecificsection. D.Noentrywithoutparentalcompany.5.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“passthelibrarian’sscrutiny”inparagraph2?A.Challengethelibrarian’srules. B.Matchthelibrarian’spreferences.C.Avoidthelibrarian’sinspection. D.Meetwiththelibrarian’sapproval.6.Whatdoesthelibrarian’sbeanbagimply?A.Arelaxationoflibraryrules. B.Herrecognitionofthekid’spassion.C.Anupgradeoflibraryfacilities. D.Herpityforthechild’sbackground.7.Whydoestheauthorprefertheoldlibrary?A.Hefoundaplaceofhisownthere. B.Hevalueditsarchitecturefeatures.C.Hepreferreditsbookcollections. D.Hespentmostofhischildhoodthere.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者童年时期与老图书馆的深厚情感，以及图书管理员对其阅读热情的认可与支持。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“shestrictlyindicatedasingleshelfofchildren’sbooksbytheentrance.Shesaidthatthiswasthechildren’ssection—here,whereshecouldkeepaneyeonme—andthatIhadtowaitanotherfiveyearstoaccesstherestofthelibrary.(她严格地指给我入口处一排儿童书籍书架。她说这是儿童区——在这里她可以看着我——并且我必须再等五年才能进入图书馆其他区域)”可知，最初图书管理员限制作者只能进入特定区域（儿童区），而其他区域需五年后才能进入。故选C。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Whilemyparentswenttothemarket,Iwouldsitinthelibraryandread,andstarelonginglyattheforbiddenbookshelves.Eventually,thelibrarianagreedtobendtherulesforme.Sheallowedmetoborrowonebookamonthfromtheadultsection,aslongasshefeltitwassuitable.ThusIspentmySaturdaymorningsspeed-readingallthebooksthatIknewwouldn’tbejudgedsuitable,beforefinallychoosingthebookwhichIthoughtwouldpassthelibrarian’sscrutinytotakehome.(当我父母去市场时，我会坐在图书馆看书，渴望地盯着那些被禁止的书架。最终，图书管理员同意为我放宽规定。她允许我每月从成人区借一本书，只要她觉得合适。因此，我花了周六早上快速阅读所有我知道不合适的书，然后最终选择了我认为可以passthelibrarian’sscrutiny带书回家)”可知，作者需选择被图书管理员认为合适的书才能带回家，推测划线部分表示“获得图书管理员的认可”。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“OnedayIcameintofindthatshehadbroughtabeanbagintomyplace,sothatIwouldn’thavetositonthefloor.Iwashome.(一天我进来时发现她在我的位置放了一个豆袋沙发，这样我就不用坐在地上了)”可知，图书管理员主动为作者提供舒适座椅，可推测这一举动表明图书管理员认可了作者对阅读的热情。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butmyheartremainsinthedustyoldshelvesofthatfirstlibrary,inwhichIfoundmynaturalhome,myfictionalworlds,andmypeople.(但我的心仍留在那座老图书馆布满灰尘的书架上，在那里我找到了属于自己的天地、虚构的世界和我志同道合的人)”可知，作者偏爱老图书馆是因为那里有自己专属的精神家园。故选A。CNuclearpowerplants,whichgenerateabout20%ofallelectricityproducedintheUnitedStates,producealmostnogreenhousegasemissions(排放).However,thesesystemsdocreateradioactivewaste,whichcanbedangeroustohumanhealthandtheenvironment.Safelyremovingthiswastecanbechallenging.Anewstudyrevealsthatresearchershavedevelopedabatterycapableoftransformingnuclearenergyintoelectricitythroughlightemission.LedbyOhioStateUniversityresearchers,theteamcombinedradiation-responsivelight-producingmaterialsandsolarcells.Theydemonstratedthatenvironmentalgammaradiation(伽马辐射)couldbeusedtoproducesufficientelectricityforpoweringmicroelectronicslikemicrochips.Thebattery,a4-cubic-centimetermodel,wastestedatOhioState’sNuclearReactorLaboratory.Researchersusedtwodifferentradioactivesources,cesium-137,andcobalt-60,someofthemostsignificantseparatingproductsthatcomefromnuclearwaste.Thetestsshoweditgenerated288nanowattswithcesium-137and1.5microwattswithcobalt-60,enoughtopowerasmallsensor(传感器).LeadauthorRaymondCaobelievesitcanbeexpandedwiththerightpowersource.Sincebatteriesofthistypewouldmostlikelyendupinenvironmentswherehighlevelsofradiationalreadyexistandaren’teasilyaccessibletothepublic,theselong-lastingdeviceswouldn’tpollutetheirsurroundings.Evenmoresignificantly,theycouldalsooperatewithouttheneedforroutinemaintenance.Expandingthistechnologyupwouldbecostlyunlessthesebatteriescouldbereliablymade,saidCao.Furtherresearchisneededtoassessthebatteries’usefulnessandlimitations,includinghowlongtheymightlastoncesafelyputintouse,saidOksuz,co-authorofthestudy.Healsonoted,“There’sstilllotsofroomforimprovement,butIbelieveinthefuture,thisapproachwillcarveanimportantspaceforitselfinboththeenergyproductionandsensorsindustry.”8.Whatdoesparagraph1wanttotellusaboutthenewbattery?A.Itsrelationwithnuclearplants. B.Itsimpactongreenhousegases.C.Itsmodeofpowergeneration. D.Itsinfluenceonelectricity.9.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressusingnumbersinparagraph3?A.Thekindsofradioactivesources. B.Thebattery’stestedpoweroutput.C.Thesizeofthetestedbattery. D.Thetestsitesofthebattery.10.WhatdoesOksuzthinkofthenewly-developednuclearbattery?A.Itholdsgreatpromise. B.Itiseasilyproduced.C.Ithaspotentialrisks. D.Itischeaptoexpandproduction.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NuclearWaste:aFreshProblemB.SolarCells:TransformingLighttoPowerC.NuclearPower:PresentingHealthRisksD.NewBattery:TurningWastetoTreasure【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新型电池，它能将核能转化为电能，利用核废料发电，为能源生产和传感器行业带来新机遇。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Anewstudyrevealsthatresearchershavedevelopedabatterycapableoftransformingnuclearenergyintoelectricitythroughlightemission.(一项新研究表明，研究人员已经开发出一种电池，能够通过发光将核能转化为电能)”可知，第一段主要介绍了新电池的发电模式，即通过发光将核能转化为电能。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thetestsshoweditgenerated288nanowattswithcesium-137and1.5microwattswithcobalt-60,enoughtopowerasmallsensor(传感器).(测试表明，使用铯-137时，它能产生288纳瓦的电力；使用钴-60时，能产生1.5微瓦的电力，足以驱动一个小型传感器)”可知，作者通过列举具体数据，强调了电池的测试输出功率。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Healsonoted,“There’sstilllotsofroomforimprovement,butIbelieveinthefuture,thisapproachwillcarveanimportantspaceforitselfinboththeenergyproductionandsensorsindustry.”(他还指出，“仍有很大的改进空间，但我相信未来这种方法将在能源生产和传感器行业为自己开辟一个重要的空间。”)”可知，Oksuz认为新开发的核电池能在能源生产和传感器行业占据重要地位，即Oksuz认为新开发的核电池具有很大的发展潜力。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anewstudyrevealsthatresearchershavedevelopedabatterycapableoftransformingnuclearenergyintoelectricitythroughlightemission.(一项新研究表明，研究人员已经开发出一种电池，能够通过发光将核能转化为电能)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员开发出的一种新型电池，它能够将核能通过发光转化为电能，并利用核废料中的放射性物质发电，为能源生产和传感器行业带来新的可能性，即将核废料“变废为宝”。所以D项“新电池：变废为宝”适合作为文章标题。故选D。DForgenerations,oldanimalshavebeendescribedasaheavyburdenoftheirspecies.Now,anewstudyturnsthatthinkingonitshead.InhispaperpublishedinSciencelastyear,R.KellerKopfofCharlesDarwinUniversity,notedlosingtheseoldanimalsweakensthebalanceofthewholesystem.Partofthelossisreproductiveability.Theresearchersfoundthatinsomespecies,it’stheold,nottheyoung,thatproducemoreoffspring(后代).Thelossoftheoldalsopreventsthespreadofculturalknowledgeacrossthegenerations,oftencriticaltosurvival.Worsestill,thepeoplewhoputtogetherlistsofendangeredspeciestendtomaketheirassessmentsbylookingatnumbersofindividuals,howbigtheyareandwhethertheirrangeisgrowingorcontracting.Thepresenceorabsenceoftheelderlydoesn’tfactorin,eventhougholderanimalscanplaysuchakeyroleinaspecies’survival.Kopfandhisco-authorssaythatmustchange.Theycomeupwithanideacalled“longevityconservation”.Itmeanstheprotectionofoldindividualstomaintainorrestoretheagestructureofpopulations.Theysaybiologistswhomanagefishandwildlifeshouldtaketheelderlyintoaccount.Thatmightmean,forexample,protectinglong-livedcreaturesthatliveinthebottomoftheocean.Itmeansthinkingindecades.Italsoimplieshavingadecentcountofelderlyanimalsinathreatenedpopulation.Thisisalong-ignoredtoolforbuildingresilience(恢复力)intimesofcriticalecologicalstress.Partly,thisisaconceptualshift.Ihavetowonderwhetherwidespreadprejudiceagainstolderhumansbleedsintosomeofourattitudestowardeldersinotherspecies.Whyshoulditseemsocounter-intuitive(违反直觉的)tothinkanolderanimalhasanythingtoofferyoungergenerations?Me,Itrustnature.If,lefttotheirowndevices,animalslivetoagrandoldage,thatmustmeanoldageprovidessomesurvivalbenefitforthespecies.Otherwise,itwouldn’thappen.Foreveryoung?Nah.Oldagerocks.12.Whatisaconsequenceoflosingelderlyanimals?A.Increasedbiodiversity. B.Declineinecosystembalance.C.Betterspeciesstructure. D.Spreadofsurvivalknowledge.13.Whatactionwillagroupadopting“longevityconservation”take?A.Restoresomerarespecies. B.Protectshort-livedcreatures.C.Relocatethreatenedspecies. D.Restrictharvestofelderlyanimals.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Ageprejudiceaffectsconservation. B.Naturefavorsyoungergenerations.C.Survivalbenefitsdependonsocialjustice. D.Conceptualshiftsarecounter-intuitive.15.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthetext?A.Tocriticizealong-standingview.B.Toadvocateanewresearchmethod.C.Toarguefortheprotectionofoldindividuals.D.Toshowthereproductivepatternsofspecies.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了保护老年动物对维持生态系统平衡的重要性，呼吁采取“长寿保护”理念。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“InhispaperpublishedinSciencelastyear,R.KellerKopfofCharlesDarwinUniversity,notedlosingtheseoldanimalsweakensthebalanceofthewholesystem.(查尔斯·达尔文大学的R.KellerKopf在去年发表在《科学》杂志上的论文中指出，失去这些古老的动物会削弱整个系统的平衡)”可知，失去老年动物会导致生态系统平衡的下降。故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Theycomeupwithanideacalled“longevityconservation”.Itmeanstheprotectionofoldindividualstomaintainorrestoretheagestructureofpopulations.(他们提出了一个名为“长寿保护”的想法。这意味着保护老年个体以维持或恢复种群的年龄结构)”和第五段“Thisisalong-ignoredtoolforbuildingresilience(恢复力)intimesofcriticalecologicalstress.(这是在面临关键生态压力时建立恢复力的一个长期被忽视的工具)”可知，采取“长寿保护”理念的群体将采取限制对老年动物的捕捞等措施，以保护老年个体，维持或恢复种群的年龄结构。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ihavetowonderwhetherwidespreadprejudiceagainstolderhumansbleedsintosomeofourattitudestowardeldersinotherspecies.(我不得不怀疑，对老年人的普遍偏见是否会渗透到我们对其他物种老年个体的态度中)”可知，作者认为对老年人的偏见可能影响了对其他物种中老年个体的保护态度，即年龄偏见影响了保护工作。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“InhispaperpublishedinSciencelastyear,R.KellerKopfofCharlesDarwinUniversity,notedlosingtheseoldanimalsweakensthebalanceofthewholesystem.(查尔斯·达尔文大学的R.KellerKopf在去年发表在《科学》杂志上的论文中指出，失去这些古老的动物会削弱整个系统的平衡)”、第四段“Theycomeupwithanideacalled“longevityconservation”.Itmeanstheprotectionofoldindividualstomaintainorrestoretheagestructureofpopulations.(他们提出了一个名为“长寿保护”的想法。这意味着保护老年个体以维持或恢复种群的年龄结构)”以及文章内容可知，本文通过研究指出，失去老年动物会削弱生态系统的平衡，强调了保护老年个体对维持种群年龄结构和生态系统稳定的重要性，并提出了“长寿保护”的理念，因此文章的主要目的是呼吁保护老年个体。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gratefulpeoplearehappypeople.Why?Theanswerisprettysimple:Beinggratefulfocusesyourattentiononwhatyouhave,ratherthanwhatyoudon’t,andremindsyouaboutallthatisgoodinyourlife.____16____.Andhowwellyougetalongwithothersisthestrongestfactorindetermininghappiness.So,whatdoesgratitude(感激)mean,exactly?Generally,gratitudeisthepositivefeelingofbeingthankfulforsomeoneorsomething.____17____.Gratitudeisaproductiveemotionaltrainingtool.Whenyouaregratefulforyourlife,youcanexperiencethepositiveandpleasantfeelingsconnectedwithhappiness,peace,passion,excitementandlove.Thesepleasantemotionscanthenproducepositivechangesinyourlife.Gratitudeisalsotheoppositeofournegativeinnervoice.Itdisturbsnegativepatternsandcreatesanopportunitytofocusonallthegoodinone’spast,presentandfuture.____18____—andoneyoucangetbetteratwithpractice,evenifitdoesn’tcomenaturallytoyouatfirst.Readytopracticegratitudeinyoureverydaylife?Trythesimple,expert-approvedtipsbelow.Tocultivate(培养)gratitude,startbydocumentingit.____19____.Whetherit’sacolleague’skindnessorasunset’sbeauty,writingthemdownbridgesabstractgratitudetoactualreality,thustrainingthemindtoseekpositivity.Anotherpowerfulapproachistoseekgratitudeinadversity(逆境).Lifeisn’taboutwhathappenstoyoubuthowyouhandleit.Thereisnosituation,nomatterhowdifficult,inwhichyoucan’tfindsomethingtobegratefulfor.Revisitingpaststrugglesthroughjournalsorphotoscanuncoveroverlookedstrengths—afriend’ssupport,personalgrowth,etc.____20____.A.BeinggratefulisalearnedskillB.Butinfact,it’ssomuchmorethanthatC.TryjournalingwhateverhappensduringthedayD.Gratitudedoesn’tjustoccurwhenyoulookbackE.ThishelpsfindarayofhopeincurrenttroublesF.KeepajournaltorecorddailymomentsofappreciationG.It’salsooneofthebesttoolstostrengthenrelationships【答案】16.G17.B18.A19.F20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心怀感激对幸福的重要性，感激的含义、作用以及培养感激之情的方法。【16题详析】上文“Theanswerisprettysimple:Beinggratefulfocusesyourattentiononwhatyouhave,ratherthanwhatyoudon’t,andremindsyouaboutallthatisgoodinyourlife.(答案很简单：心怀感激能让你把注意力集中在自己拥有的东西上，而不是你没有的东西上，还能让你想起生活中所有美好的事物)”解释了心怀感激能带来的好处，下文“Andhowwellyougetalongwithothersisthestrongestfactorindetermininghappiness.(你与他人相处得如何是决定幸福的最重要因素)”指出与他人相处得好是决定幸福的最重要因素，G选项“这也是加强关系的最佳工具之一”中的also表明了上下文的递进关系，且与下文相呼应，强调了心怀感激对人际关系的重要性。故选G。【17题详析】上文“Generally,gratitudeisthepositivefeelingofbeingthankfulforsomeoneorsomething.(一般来说，感激是对某人或某事心存感激的积极情绪)”解释了感激的基本含义，以及下文“Gratitudeisaproductiveemotionaltrainingtool.Whenyouaregratefulforyourlife,youcanexperiencethepositiveandpleasantfeelingsconnectedwithhappiness,peace,passion,excitementandlove.Thesepleasantemotionscanthenproducepositivechangesinyourlife.Gratitudeisalsotheoppositeofournegativeinnervoice.(感激是一种富有成效的情感训练工具。当你感激自己的生活时，你能体验到与幸福、安宁、激情、兴奋和爱相关的积极和愉快的感觉。这些愉快的情绪会给你的生活带来积极的变化。感激也是我们内心消极声音的反面)”进一步阐述了感激的深远意义和作用，B选项“但事实上，它远不止于此”表明感激不仅仅是上文所提到的积极情绪，还有更深层次的意义，与下文形成递进关系，符合语境。故选B。【18题详析】下文“andoneyoucangetbetteratwithpractice,evenifitdoesn’tcomenaturallytoyouatfirst.(而且这是一种可以通过练习来提高的技能，即使一开始它对你来说并不自然)”提到感激是一种可以通过练习来提高的技能，A选项“心怀感激是一项可以学会的技能”引出下文，共同说明了感激是一种可以通过练习来提高的技能，符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】上文“Tocultivate(培养)gratitude,startbydocumentingit.(要培养感恩之心，首先要把它记录下来)”提到要培养感恩之心，首先要把它记录下来，F选项“写日记来记录每天的感恩时刻”与上文中的documentingit相呼应，具体说明了记录感恩的方式，符合语境。故选F。【20题详析】上文“Revisitingpaststrugglesthroughjournalsorphotoscanuncoveroverlookedstrengths—afriend’ssupport,personalgrowth,etc.(通过日记或照片回顾过去的奋斗历程，可以发现被忽视的优势——比如朋友的支持、个人的成长等)”提到通过回顾过去的奋斗历程可以发现被忽视的优势，E选项“这有助于在当前困境中找到一线希望”与上文形成因果关系，说明回顾过去的奋斗历程并发现优势可以帮助我们在当前的困境中找到希望，符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AndyElliottshareshislifelongpassionforuncoveringhistory.AsachildinMiltonKeynes,hefoundfossils(化石)andancientobjects,stimulatinghis____21____aboutthepast.Alocalhistoriantookhimunderhiswing.Later,he____22____thispassionwithdiving,openingupaworldofunderwaterexploration.In1999,Andyco-foundedtheSouthWestMaritimeArchaeologicalGroup(SWMAG)withfriendstosearchforoceantreasures.TheirfirstbigdiscoverycameinarivermouthnearPlymouth—acollectionof14tiningots(锡锭)____23____theBronzeAge,latersenttotheBritishMuseum.Thisfind____24____theirresolvetouncovermore.Andy’smostexcitingexperiencecamenearSalcombein1994.There,he____25____goldcoinsandanextraordinarynavigation(导航)instrumentshapedlikeafish.Holdingit,hefeltthe____26____ofhistory.Thesandcircledasif____27____himon,revealingtreasuresthatpaintedavividpictureofseatrade.ForAndy,everydiveisachancetoholdhistoryinhishands.Decadeson,he’sstill____28____bytheexcitementofdiscoveryandthejoyofpreservingthestorieshiddenbeneaththewaves.His____29____hasledhimtouncovertreasuresthatmanywouldnever_____30_____tofind.Theexperiencehasbeena(n)_____31_____pointforAndy.Hehaslearnedto_____32_____thevalueofhistoryandtheimportanceofpreservingit.Lookingback,Andyknowsthathis_____33_____hasbroughthimtoplacesheneverimagined,andhecontinuesto_____34_____thepastwiththesame_____35_____hehadasachild.21.A.curiosity B.conflict C.fantasy D.confusion22.A.replaced B.compared C.combined D.balanced23.A.exposedto B.referredtoas C.datingbackto D.leadingto24.A.weakened B.deepened C.shifted D.questioned25.A.collected B.unearthed C.decorated D.designed26.A.weight B.burden C.pressure D.load27.A.urging B.forcing C.passing D.delaying28.A.exhausted B.discouraged C.distracted D.driven29.A.sympathy B.description C.enthusiasm D.innocence30.A.arranged B.guaranteed C.expected D.declined31.A.confirming B.breaking C.ending D.turning32.A.appreciate B.assess C.analyze D.admit33.A.bravery B.demand C.memory D.desire34.A.investigate B.explore C.check D.slip35.A.emptiness B.contentment C.relief D.loss【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.B25.B26.A27.A28.D29.C30.C31.D32.A33.D34.B35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了AndyElliott对历史探索的热爱，及其水下考古发现与对历史价值的珍视。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当AndyElliott还是MiltonKeynes的一个孩子时，他发现了化石和古代物品，这激发了他对过去的好奇心。A.curiosity好奇心；B.conflict冲突；C.fantasy幻想；D.confusion困惑。根据下文“Later,he________thispassionwithdiving,openingupaworldofunderwaterexploration.”可知，AndyElliott发现了化石和古代物品，这激发了他对过去的好奇心。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，他将这种热情与潜水结合在一起，开启了一个水下探索的世界。A.replaced代替；B.compared比较；C.combined结合；D.balanced平衡。根据下文“thispassionwithdiving”可知，他将这种热情与潜水结合在一起。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的第一个重大发现是在普利茅斯附近的一个河口发现的14块可以追溯到青铜时代的锡锭，后来被送到了大英博物馆。A.exposedto暴露于；B.referredtoas被称为；C.datingbackto追溯到；D.leadingto导致。根据下文“theBronzeAge,”以及语境可知，发现的14块锡锭可以追溯到青铜时代。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一发现加深了他们发掘更多宝藏的决心。A.weakened削弱；B.deepened加深；C.shifted转变；D.questioned质疑。根据上文“TheirfirstbigdiscoverycameinarivermouthnearPlymouth—acollectionof14tiningots(锡锭)________theBronzeAge,latersenttotheBritishMuseum.”可知，他们发现了可以追溯到青铜时代的锡锭，这会加深他们发掘更多宝藏的决心。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他挖掘出了金币和一个形状像鱼的非凡导航仪器。A.collected收集；B.unearthed挖掘；C.decorated装饰；D.designed设计。根据下文“goldcoinsandanextraordinarynavigation(导航)instrumentshapedlikeafish.”可知，此处表示他挖掘出的物品。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：拿着它，他感受到了历史的分量。A.weight重量，分量；B.burden负担；C.pressure压力；D.load负载。根据下文“Thesandcircledasif________himon,revealingtreasuresthatpaintedavividpictureofseatrade.”以及语境可知，他拿着挖掘出的物品，仿佛看到历史上的场景，感受到了历史的分量。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：沙子在周围旋转，仿佛在催促他前进，揭示出描绘出海贸生动画面的宝藏。A.urging催促；B.forcing强迫；C.passing通过；D.delaying延迟。根据上文“There,he________

goldcoinsandanextraordinarynavigation(导航)instrumentshapedlikeafish.”以及下文“himon,revealingtreasuresthatpaintedavividpictureofseatrade.”可知，Andy挖掘出金币和导航仪器后，沙子在周围旋转，仿佛在催促他前进，继续挖掘。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几十年过去了，他仍然被发现的兴奋和保存海浪下隐藏的故事的喜悦所驱使。A.exhausted使筋疲力尽；B.discouraged使气馁；C.distracted使分心；D.driven驱使。根据下文“bytheexcitementofdiscoveryandthejoyofpreservingthestorieshiddenbeneaththewaves.His________hasledhimtouncovertreasuresthatmanywouldnever________tofind.”可知，即使已经过了几十年，Andy会因发现和海浪下的故事感到兴奋和喜悦，所以此处表示他仍然被发现的兴奋和保存海浪下隐藏的故事的喜悦所驱使。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的热情使他发现了许多人从未期望能找到的宝藏。A.sympathy同情；B.description描述；C.enthusiasm热情；D.innocence天真。根据上文“Decadeson,he’sstill________bytheexcitementofdiscoveryandthejoyofpreservingthestorieshiddenbeneaththewaves.”可知，此处表示Andy对考古的热情。故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.arranged安排；B.guaranteed保证；C.expected期望；D.declined拒绝。根据上文“His________hasledhimtouncovertreasuresthatmanywouldnever”以及语境可知，此处表示许多人从未期望能找到的宝藏。故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历对Andy来说是一个转折点。A.confirming确认；B.breaking打破；C.ending结束；D.turning转折。根据下文“Hehaslearnedto________thevalueofhistoryandtheimportanceofpreservingit.”可知，对于Andy来说，这段经历使得他的生活发生改变，对他来说是一个转折点。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他学会了欣赏历史的价值和保护历史的重要性。A.appreciate欣赏；B.assess评估；C.analyze分析；D.admit承认。根据下文“thevalueofhistoryandtheimportanceofpreservingit.”可知，此处表示他学会欣赏历史的价值。故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回顾过去，Andy知道他的渴望带他去了他从未想象过的地方。A.bravery勇敢；B.demand要求；C.memory记忆；D.desire渴望。根据上文“AsachildinMiltonKeynes,hefoundfossils(化石)andancientobjects,stimulatinghis________aboutthepast.”可知，Andy渴望了解过去，所以此处表示他的渴望使得他去往自己从未想象过的地方。故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续以孩童般的满足感探索过去。A.investigate调查；B.explore探索；C.check检查；D.slip滑倒。根据上文“Later,he________thispassionwithdiving,openingupaworldofunderwaterexploration.”可知，此处表示Andy继续探索过去。故选B。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.emptiness空虚；B.contentment满足；C.relief宽慰；D.loss损失。根据上文“AsachildinMiltonKeynes,hefoundfossils(化石)andancientobjects,stimulatinghis________aboutthepast.”以及下文“hehadasachild”可知，孩童时，Andy开始对探索过去产生热情，此处表示他继续以孩童般的满足感探索过去。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Lastspring,whilewanderingthepathsatPekingUniversity’slawlibrary,Icameacross____36____unusualbookonChina’sPropertyLaw.AuthoredbythefamouslawprofessorS.FrancisLiuandtwoofhisstudents,itlackedapubl