2025届甘肃省庆阳某中学高三下学期冲刺压轴金卷5英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1甘肃省庆阳某中学2025届高三下学期冲刺压轴金卷5英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhereisJemmaprobablygoingnextSaturday?A.Toadance. B.Totheschoollibrary. C.Toafootballgame.【答案】A【原文】M:HeyJemma,areyouattendingtheschoolballnextSaturday?W:Hopefully,someonecanaskmetogowiththem.Idon’twanttogoalone.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atashop. B.Onaroad. C.Inaconcert.【答案】B【原文】M:Sorrymadam,theroadisclosedallthewayintotown.Alltheshopshaveclosed.W:ButIneedtogetthrough.Mydaughterisperforminginaconcertoverthere.M:Ohokay,weareallowingparentstogetaccesstotheschool.3.Whatdidthewomandowrong?A.Shehitthesign.B.Sheparkedinaprohibitedarea.C.Sheusedthewrongpaymentmethod.【答案】C【原文】M:Hello,Miss.Yourparkingfeeis$7.50.W:Thesignsaysitcosts$5.00though.Anyway,here’smycreditcard.M:It’s$5.00forLotB.Parkinginfrontofthebuildingismoreexpensive.Andsorry,cashonly.4.Howoldistheman?A.17. B.18. C.21.【答案】B【原文】M:Don’tembarrassmeinfrontofmyfriends,Ma’am.W:ButIstillrememberwhenyouwerealittletinynewbornthinginmyarms.Eighteenyearsago.M:Ibetyou’llstillbetellingmethatstoryatmytwentyfirstbirthdayparty.5.Whatisthemandrinking?A.Tea. B.Milk. C.Beer.【答案】C【原文】W:Youareabityoungtodrinkthat,aren’tyou?Haveamilkshakeinstead?M:Lotsofpeopledrinkbeer.Atmyage,justonedoesn’tdoanyharm.W:Iforgethowgrownupyouare.Ipreferteamyself.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Journalistandpoliceofficer.B.Shopkeeperandcustomer.C.Parentandchild.7.Whendidthegirlfalloffthewall?A.At10:00a.m. B.At3:00p.m. C.At5:00p.m.【答案】6.A7.A【原文】M:Justonemorequestion,officerHudson.Havethegirl’smotherandfatherbeentoldthatshehasbeenfound?W:Yes,theyknowsheissafeandwell.Theyhaveclosedtheirshoptocustomersandareheadingherenow.M:Whattimewasshefound?W:AtthreePMshetoldusshehadfallenoffthewallfivehourspreviouslyandhadbeenlyingonthegroundsincethen,unabletomove.M:Hasadoctorseenher?W:Yes,hesaidherinjuriesaren’tserious.Whentheparentsarrive,theywillgowithhertothehospital.M:Thankyouforyourhelp,officerHudson.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatisonthetable?A.Aprize. B.Abowl. C.Alight.9.WhathasPeterwon?A.Afight. B.Abet. C.Acompetition.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:Wheredoyouthinkthispicturewouldlookbest?Iwasthinkinghereonthewall.M:ButwealreadyhaveapictureofPeteronthatwall.Whynotputitonthetable?W:Butthenwe’dhavetomovethefruitbowl.Thereisn’tenoughroomforboth.M:Well,justputitonthecupboardnexttothelightwiththepicturesofKateandLily.W:IwasgoingtoputPeter’sprizethere.M:Youknow,ifwegivetoomuchattentiontoPeter,wemightmakethegirlsenvyhim.W:No,theyareproudofhim.Whenhecamebackhomewithhisprizeafterthecompetition,theywerefightingtocongratulatehim.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdoesthemanprobablydoforaliving?A.Heisasportsman. B.Heisadoctor. C.Heisapilot.11.WhatwasRyan’sfirstword?A.Mom. B.Golf. C.Dad.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Makethebed. B.Chooseatoy. C.Bathethebaby.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【原文】W:Honey,I’msogladyou’rehome.Ryansaidhisfirstword.M:AndImissedit.Ohno,Ihateworkingawayfordaysonend.W:Well,youflyplanesforalivingsoitcomeswiththejob.M:Iknow.I’mjustsadIwasn’theretohearit.W:Well,don’tworry,Irecordeditforyou.M:Whatwasit?Wasitdad?W:I’mafraidnot.Itwasn’tmomeither.Itwassomethingrandom.M:Well,tellme.W:Idon’twanttospoilit.M:Youwon’t,justtellme.W:Golf.Iwonderfromwhomhegotthat.M:He’stakingafterhisdaddy.We’llgethimoutonaGolfcourseassoonasheistallerthanmyknee.W:Hecanbarelywalk.M:IcangethimthatplasticGolftoyforkidswhenhegrowsolder.W:Okay.HowaboutyougethimintotheBath?I’llmakehisbed.M:Notaproblem.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.HowlonghasthemanbeeninChina?A.Foramonth. B.Forayear. C.Foradecade.14.Whatwastheman’sfirstexperienceinChina?A.Hefelthappy. B.Hefeltbusy. C.Hefeltlonely.15.Wheredoesthemanhaveaproblem?A.Atthehairdresser’s. B.Attheshops. C.Atthebank.16.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandofortheproblem?A.Takeanote. B.Takemoremoney. C.TakeaChineseperson.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.A【原文】W:HowareyouenjoyingworkinginChina?You’vebeenhereforawhile,haven’tyou?M:It’stwelvemonthstoday.W:Wow,it’sgonequickly.Iseverythingokay?M:Thefirstsixmonthsweretough.Ididn’tknowanybody,soIonlyhadmyowncompanyinastrangeplace.W:Ithinkwe’veallbeenthroughthat.M:Butit’sfinenow.I’vemadefriendsandgotusedtothewaythingsarehere.W:Howareyoufindingthingslikeshoppingandthebank?Areyouhavinganyproblemsdealingwiththem?M:Notreally.WhenI’mshopping,IjustpickthingsofftheshelfandItrytogettothebankassoonasitopenstoavoidthewaitinglines.W:Soundslikeyou’redoingwellwithnotspeakingChinese.M:ThemainproblemwiththatiswhenIgetmyhaircut,theyjustdon’tunderstand.Iwantthesamekindofhaircutallyearround,notshorterinthesummer.W:Hmm,youcan’treallytakeaChinesepersonwithyoutoexplain,canyou?Howaboutgettingsomeonetowriteanoteforyou?M:Yes,Imightjustdothat.W:DoyouthinkyoumightlearnChinese?M:Yes,I’dliketo,althoughitlooksextremelydifficult.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whenwillthecompanysellitsnewelectricmodel?A.In2023. B.In2021. C.In2025.18.Wherearemostofthecompany’sfactorieslocated?A.InGermany. B.InChina. C.InMexico.19.Whyisthecompanytakingthisaction?A.Tomakemoremoney. B.Tohelptheenvironment. C.Tofollowothercompanies.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thecompanyhasdesignedanewluxurycar.B.Thecompanyhasstartedsellingitsfirstelectriccar.C.Thecompanyistransformingallitscarstoelectricpower.【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.C【原文】M:Whenyouthinkofluxurycars,youthinkofourbrand,butluxuryisnolongerenough.Thereisaninternationalmovementofdriverswhodon’tjustwantaprettycaroronethatgoesfast.Theywanttodrivesomethingthathelpsprotecttheenvironment.Theywanttodriveelectriccars.We’vealreadyintroducedourfirstelectriccar,duetohittheroadsin2021butwewanttogobeyondonemodel.Iampleasedtoannouncethatourentireseriesofcarswillbeelectricby2025.WearealreadytransformingourmostfactoriesinGermany,aswellasourotherfactoriesinChinaandMexicototakeonthistask.Somemaysaywearesimplyfollowingotherbrands,butthatisnotwhywearedoingthis.Weallhavefamilies,children,andwewanttoleavethemwithabetterworld.Weneedtotakeresponsibilityanddowhatisrightfortheenvironment,nomatterthecost.Tothatend,wewillalsobeteamingupwithseveralothercarproducerstocreateageneralbatteryandchargestation.Therefore,nomatterwhereyoudrive,youwillbeabletopoweryourcar.Welcometothefuture.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFromflowersandfreshproducetofamily-friendlyentertainment-autumnispeakfestivalseasoninVictoria.Hereare4autumnfestivalsthatarewellworththedrive.BrightAutumnFestival,April28-May7,2024Nothingsaysautumnlikeredandorangeleavesandcomfortfood.Foradoseofwholesomefun,planaweekendgetawaytotheBrightAutumnFestivalinVictoria’sHighCountry.Thetree-linedavenues,small-towncharmsanddeliciousfreshproducewon’tdisappoint,witheverythingfromopengardens,historicaltours,livemusic,marketsandadedicatedNutFestivaltoenjoy.Plus,you’llbeventuringsomewherenewandsupportingregionalbusinesses.KartiniWaingi-WaterLights,May4-7,2024TakeadrivetoRobinvaleonthebanksoftheMurrayRiverforthefour-dayWaterLightsfestival.Kidsandadultsalikewillmarvelatthisuniquelasershowthatshowcasesthevibrant,diverseandrichcultureoftheregion.GrampiansGrapeEscape,May5-7,2024Foodandwinedevotees,you’reinluck.TheGrampiansGrapeEscapeisanunforgettableweekend-longexperiencethat’sallabouttop-qualitywines,gourmetfoodandlivemusic-theperfecttrio.Youmayevenlearnafewskillsfromoneofthecookingdemonstrationsandmasterclasses.Frombread-makingclassestocookingpresentationsandcidertastings,noonewillbebored.LaFieraItalianFestival,May19-21,2024EveryyearinMay,theMyrtlefordcommunitycelebratesitsItalianrootswithafestivaldedicatedtoalloftheregion’sculturalandculinarydelights.Therearefoodstalls,winetastings,amovienight,kids’activitiesandevenasoccertournamenttolookforwardto,aswellasmarkets,entertainmentandatraditionalgrapestomp.21.Whichfestivallastslongest?A.LaFieraItalianFestival. B.BrightAutumnFestival.C.GrampiansGrapeEscape. D.KartiniWaingi-WaterLights.22.WhatisspecialforKartiniWaingi?A.Fantasticlightshow. B.Small-towncharms.C.Top-qualitywine. D.Richculture.23.WhatisavailableatGrampiansGrapeEscapeandLaFieraItalianFestival?A.Celebratinghistory. B.Tastingfinefood.C.Watchinglivemusic. D.Joininginsportsactivities.【答案】21.B22.A23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了维多利亚州在秋季时的一系列节庆活动，每个节庆活动都附有详细的时间、地点和特色内容，旨在吸引读者参与并体验这些活动。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据文章四个小标题“BrightAutumnFestival,April28-May7,2024(BrightAutumnFestival，2024年4月28日至5月7日)”、“KartiniWaingi-WaterLights,May4-7,2024(KartiniWaingi-WaterLights，2024年5月4日至7日)”、“GrampiansGrapeEscape,May5-7,2024(GrampiansGrapeEscape，2024年5月5日至7日)”以及“LaFieraItalianFestival,May19-21,2024(LaFieraItalianFestival，2024年5月19日至21日)”可知，这四个节日中，时间最长的是“BrightAutumnFestival”，从2024年4月28日至5月7日。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“KartiniWaingi-WaterLights,May4-7,2024”部分中的“Kidsandadultsalikewillmarvelatthisuniquelasershowthatshowcasesthevibrant,diverseandrichcultureoftheregion.(孩子和成年人都会惊叹于这个独特的激光表演，它展示了该地区充满活力、多样化和丰富的文化。)”可知，该节日的独特之处就是这个激光表演。故选A。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“GrampiansGrapeEscape”部分中的“Foodandwinedevotees,you’reinluck.TheGrampiansGrapeEscapeisanunforgettableweekend-longexperiencethat’sallabouttop-qualitywines,gourmetfoodandlivemusic-theperfecttrio.(美食和美酒爱好者们，你们很幸运。格兰屏葡萄之旅是一个令人难忘的周末体验，这里有顶级葡萄酒、美食和现场音乐——完美的三重奏。)”和“LaFieraItalianFestival”部分中的“Therearefoodstalls,winetastings,amovienight,kids’activitiesandevenasoccertournamenttolookforwardto,aswellasmarkets,entertainmentandatraditionalgrapestomp.(这里有大排档、品酒会、电影之夜、儿童活动，甚至还有值得期待的足球锦标赛，还有市场、娱乐活动和传统的葡萄践踏活动。)”可知，这两个节日都提供美食。故选B。BWereitnotformymask’srubbercoveringovermynose,nodoubthiswarm,fishybreathwouldhavemadetheexperiencecomplete,asanadultmaleAtlanticgreyseal(海豹)inspectedmetothewatersthatbatheCornwallandtheIslesofScilly.Thiswasacloseandmagicalswimming-with-sealsencounterfilmedforBBCTwo’sSpringwatchfouryearsago.Myjobistogetpeopletoloveandconnectwithnature,buttheexperiencestillleftmefeelingbothexcitedandconflicted.Isitpossiblethatwegetalittletooclose,andlovenaturealittletoomuch?Certainly,foranyoneworkinginwildlifemediaandtourism,therealityisthathabitatsandmanyspeciesoftencan’thandlelongtimeclosecontactwithhumans.Marinemammalstheymaybe,butsealsmustregularlyreturntodryland,hauling(牵引)themselvesoutofthewatertorest,digest,andreproduce.Haul-outsitesaretypicallyinaccessiblebeachesorrockytinyislandsafterthetidefallsaway.Thesesafeplacesbecomeaterrifyingdropwhendisturbed,particularlybywalkers,dogsandboatsfullofwildlifetourists.Whenfrightened,sealspreferescapingintoshallowseasor,worsestill,hardrocks,riskingbrokenjawsorbones.InScotlandinFebruary2021,abancameintoforcethatstoppedthefisheriesindustryfromshootingseals.Priortothis,sealsinScotlandcouldbeshotunderlicence.Sealgroupsandcharitiesarerevisingtheirpoliciestonolongerencouragepeopletoseekoutencounterswithsealseitherinoroutofthewater,especiallyduringthewintermonthswhenthegreysealpupping(产崽)seasonisinfullswing.Nomatterhowmuchweloveseals,remembertheyareterrifiedofus,sowereallyneedtoenjoythemfromadistance.Butthatisnottosaytherecan’tbeaconnection.Joiningorganisedsurveyshelpsmonitorsealsaswellasthehealthofourwaters.Themarinemammalshavemuchtodealwith,includingclimatechange,andwehavealottolearnfromtheseenvoys(使者)fromthesea.24.Whydidtheauthorfilmswimming-with-sealsencounterfouryearsago?A.Togetpeopleclosetonature. B.ToinspectanAtlanticgreyseal.C.Tochallengehimselfinthewaters. D.TopromoteBBCTwo’sTVprogramme.25.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheswimming-with-sealsexperience?A.Contradictory. B.Tolerant. C.Uncertain. D.Supportive.26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingparagraph3?A.Todefinethehaul-outsitesofseals. B.Tointroducethelivinghabitofseals.C.Toprovehumans’disturbancetoseals. D.Topresentthesafetyproblemfacingseals.27.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoing?A.Stoppingshootingsealscompletely.B.Leavingsealsaloneespeciallyinwinter.C.Reducingtheinfluenceofclimatechangeonseals.D.Connectingwithsealsindirectlybyprotectingthem.【答案】24.A25.A26.D27.D【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者由自己拍摄与海豹同游的经历想到我们离大自然太近了，导致海豹会有一些安全问题，建议我们在远处欣赏它们。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thiswasacloseandmagicalswimming-with-sealsencounterfilmedforBBCTwo’sSpringwatchfouryearsago.(这是四年前为BBC第二台的Springwatch拍摄的一次与海豹亲密而神奇的邂逅)”和第二段中“Myjobistogetpeopletoloveandconnectwithnature(我的工作是让人们热爱大自然，与大自然建立联系)”可知，作者四年前拍摄与海豹同游是工作职责，目的是让人们接近大自然，故选A。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“buttheexperiencestillleftmefeelingbothexcitedandconflicted(但这次经历仍然让我感到既兴奋又矛盾)”可知，作者对于和海豹同游的经历持矛盾态度，故选A。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thesesafeplacesbecomeaterrifyingdropwhendisturbed,particularlybywalkers,dogsandboatsfullofwildlifetourists.Whenfrightened,sealspreferescapingintoshallowseasor,worsestill,hardrocks,riskingbrokenjawsorbones.(这些安全的地方一旦受到干扰，尤其是受到行人、狗和满载野生动物游客的船只的干扰，就会变成一个很可怕的落差。当受到惊吓时，海豹喜欢逃到浅海中，或者更糟的是，逃到坚硬的岩石中，冒着下巴或骨头骨折的危险)”可知，本段主要讲述海豹面临的安全问题。故选D。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Nomatterhowmuchweloveseals,remembertheyareterrifiedofus,sowereallyneedtoenjoythemfromadistance.Butthatisnottosaytherecan’tbeaconnection.Joiningorganisedsurveyshelpsmonitorsealsaswellasthehealthofourwaters.(不管我们有多爱海豹，记住它们害怕我们，所以我们真的需要在远处欣赏它们。但这并不是说两者之间没有联系。参加有组织的调查有助于监测海豹和我们水域的健康)”可知，作者建议我们在远处欣赏海豹，参加有组织的调查来帮助监测海豹的健康，即通过保护它们来建立间接的联系，故选D。CInthenot-too-distantfuture,yourmorningcoffeemightbemaceinabioreactor(生物反应器)。AteamofFinnishscientistshascreatedcoffeeinthelabfromcellculturesthatbothsmellandtasteliketherealthing.Usingabioreactordesignedforcellularagriculture,researchersatTechnicalResearchCenterinFinland—acountrythatconsumesthemostcoffeepercapitaintheworld—brewed(酿造)abatchfromculturedcellscomingfromtheleavesofcoffeeplantsforthefirsttime,writesHeikoRischer,theproject’sleadresearcher,inastatement.“Intermsofsmellandtaste,ourtrainedsensorypanelandanalyticalexaminationfoundtheprofileofthebrewbearsimilaritytoordinarycoffee,”Rischersays.“However,coffeemakingisanartandinvolvesiterativeoptimization(迭代优化)underthesupervisionofspecialistswithdedicatedequipment.Ourworkmarksthebasisforsuchwork.”Coffeeisthethirdmostconsumeddrinkintheworld,behindteaandwater.Coffeegrowersarefindingitdifficulttokeepupwithcurrentglobaldemand—about22billionpoundsareproducedeachyear—whichplacesmorestressontheclimateduetodeforestationtomakewayforincreasedagriculture.“Conventionalcoffeeproductionisnotoriouslyassociatedwithseveralproblematicissues,suchasunusualablefarmingmethods,exploitationandlandrights,”Ruschersays."Growingdemandandclimatechangeaddtotheproblems."Thisinnovationwillhelpmakecoffeeproductionmoresustainablebyeliminatingtheneedforexpandedagriculture.“Theideaistousebiotechnologyratherthanconventionalfarmingfortheproductionoffoodandthereforeprovidealternativerouteswhicharelessdependentonunsustainablepractices,”Rischersays.“Forexample,thesesolutionshavealowerwaterfootprintandlesstransportisneededduetolocalproduction.Thereisn’tanyseasonaldependencyortheneedforpesticideseither.”Rischerandhisteamemployedthesametechniqueusedtomakeotheragriculturalproducts—includingmeat,dairyandegg—inthelab.Theyculturedcoffeecellsandgotthemtogrowinmedia,thendriedandroastedtheresultsbeforetestingitfortasteandsmell.“Theexperienceofdrinkingtheveryfirstcupwasexciting,”Rischersays.“Iestimateweareonlyfouryearsawayfromrampingupproduction(提高产量)andhavingregulatoryapprovalinplace.Growingplantcellsrequiresspecificexpertisewhenitistimetoscaleupandoptimizetheprocess.Downstreamprocessingandproductformulationtogetherwithregulatoryapprovalandmarketintroductionareadditionalstepsonthewaytoacommercialproduct.Thatsaid,wehavenowprovedthatlab-growncoffeecanbeareality.”28.WhatcanwelearnfromRischer’swordsinParagraph3?A.Coffeeshouldbemadeinasimpleway.B.Lab-growncoffeehasaspecialtaste.C.Lab-growncoffeeisqualifiedforcoffeemakingD.Specialequipmentisneededtocreatecoffeeinthelab.29.Whatistheproblemwithproducingcoffeeinthetraditionalway?A.Itmightfailtomeettheglobalneeds.B.Itmightcauseaseriouswaterpollution.C.Itmightreducetheproductivityofcoffeeplants.D.Itmightcauseunfaircompetitionamongfarmers.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating”meaninParagraph6?A.Refusing. B.Removing. C.Resuming. D.Replying.31.WhatdoesRischerthinkofthefutureoflab-growncoffee?A.Uncertain. B.Worrying. C.Risky. D.Bright.【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芬兰团队通过生物反应器培育实验室咖啡的创新技术，强调其可持续优势，并指出传统咖啡生产面临的环境与需求压力。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Intermsofsmellandtaste,ourtrainedsensorypanelandanalyticalexaminationfoundtheprofileofthebrewbearsimilaritytoordinarycoffee,’Rischersays.‘However,coffeemakingisanartandinvolvesiterativeoptimization(迭代优化)underthesupervisionofspecialistswithdedicatedequipment.Ourworkmarksthebasisforsuchwork.’(Rischer说：‘在气味和味道方面，我们训练有素的感官小组和分析检查发现，这种咖啡的特性与普通咖啡相似。’。‘然而，咖啡制作是一门艺术，需要在拥有专用设备的专家的监督下进行迭代优化。我们的工作为此类工作奠定了基础。’)”可知，实验室咖啡已具备作为咖啡制作基础的条件，实验室培育的咖啡是合格的，可以用来制作咖啡。故选C项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Coffeegrowersarefindingitdifficulttokeepupwithcurrentglobaldemand—about22billionpoundsareproducedeachyear—whichplacesmorestressontheclimateduetodeforestationtomakewayforincreasedagriculture.(咖啡种植者发现很难跟上目前全球的需求——每年大约生产220亿磅——这给气候带来了更大的压力，因为砍伐森林是为了给农业增长让路)”可知，用传统的方式生产咖啡无法满足全球需求。故选A项。【30题详析】词句猜测题。划线词句后文“‘Theideaistousebiotechnologyratherthanconventionalfarmingfortheproductionoffoodandthereforeprovidealternativerouteswhicharelessdependentonunsustainablepractices,’Rischersays.‘Forexample,thesesolutionshavealowerwaterfootprintandlesstransportisneededduetolocalproduction.Thereisn’tanyseasonaldependencyortheneedforpesticideseither.’(Rischer说：‘我们的想法是利用生物技术而不是传统农业生产粮食，从而提供较少依赖于不可持续做法的替代途径。’‘例如，由于在当地生产，这些解决方案的水足迹更低，所需的运输也更少。没有任何季节性依赖，也不需要杀虫剂。’)”说明生物技术可替代传统农业，从而推知划线词句“Thisinnovationwillhelpmakecoffeeproductionmoresustainablebyeliminatingtheneedforexpandedagriculture(这项创新将有助于使咖啡生产更具可持续性，通过eliminating对扩大农业的需求)”其中划线词应为“消除”的意思，与B项同义。故选B项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Theexperienceofdrinkingtheveryfirstcupwasexciting,’Rischersays.‘Iestimateweareonlyfouryearsawayfromrampingupproduction(提高产量)andhavingregulatoryapprovalinplace.Growingplantcellsrequiresspecificexpertisewhenitistimetoscaleupandoptimizetheprocess.Downstreamprocessingandproductformulationtogetherwithregulatoryapprovalandmarketintroductionareadditionalstepsonthewaytoacommercialproduct.Thatsaid,wehavenowprovedthatlab-growncoffeecanbeareality.’(Rischer说：‘喝第一杯咖啡的感觉令人兴奋。’他说：‘我估计，我们只需要四年时间就能提高产量，并获得监管部门的批准。当需要扩大和优化过程时，种植植物细胞需要特定的专业知识。下游加工和产品配方以及监管批准和市场介绍是通往商业产品的额外步骤。也就是说，我们现在已经证明，实验室种植的咖啡可以成为现实。’)”可知，Rischer预计四年内可实现量产和监管批准，并强调“实验室咖啡可以成为现实”。由此推知，Rischer对实验室种植咖啡的未来持积极乐观态度。故选D项。DJackdaws(寒鸦)arethesmallestmemberofthecrowfamily.Theyoftenliveinacrowd.Indeed,whencoldweathercomes,theygatherinthehundreds(andsometimesthousands)everyeveningsothattheycansleepinthesameplace.Ifyou’veeverheardjackdawsduringtheireveninggatheringsandmorningdepartures,you’llknowtheyarenotquietbirds.Despitebeingfairlylow-volumeduringtheday,theyarereallyloudoneithersideoftheirnight-timeget-togethers.Whymightthisbe?AteamoftheCornishJackdawProjectsetouttodeterminewhyjackdawsaresonoisybeforetheydepartfromtheirsleepingspot.Theteam’stheorywasthatthemorningcallsmightbeajackdawversionof“voting”.Theresearcherssuspectedthateachindividual’scallmightcountasan“I’min!”.Whenacertainamountof“I’min!”sarecalled—andsoacertainvolumeofnoiseisreached-thegroupmightthendepartasaunit.Totestthisidea,theresearchersartificiallyincreasedthelevelofcallsduringthejackdaws’naturalmorningcalls.Theirexpectationwasthat,ifjackdawsreallyare“votingwiththeirvoice”todecidewhentodepartthesleepingsite,artificiallyaddingcallswouldmakethemleaveearlierthantheynaturallywouldhavedone.Subsequentexperimentsconfirmedtheirexpectation.Theteamthereforeshowedthatjackdawsusetheircallsasasortofvotingsystem.Youmightwonderwhythishappens.Theresearcherssuggestthatindividualjackdawsbenefitfromthevotingsystembecausetheyarelessatriskofbeingkilledandtheycangetmoreaccesstosocialinformation—suchaswheretofindfood.Sotheloudcallsofjackdawsinthemorningarethereforenotthepurechaositsoundslike.Ifyouareeverbeingdrivenmadbythesoundinthemorning,youcanfindcomfortinthefactthattheloudertheyget,thesoonertheywillleaveyouinpeace.32.Whataspectofjackdawsconfusedscientists?A.Theirstrongteamspirit. B.Theirpreferencefornoisyhabitats.C.Theircollectivesleepinghabit. D.Theirunusualcallingbehavior.33.Whathappenedtothejackdawswhenartificialcallswereadded?A.Theystoppedcallingtogether. B.Theylefttheirsleepingspotearlier.C.Theybecamenoisierandmoreactive. D.Theychangedtheirsleepinglocation.34.Whatdoesthevotingsystemmeantoindividualjackdaws?A.Asignalofseekingfood. B.Astrategyforbettersurvival.C.Awaytoattractpotentialpartners. D.Amethodofdisplayingsocialskills.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.JackdawsareNoiseMakers.B.JackdawsHaveaComplexVotingSystem.C.Jackdaws‘Vote’toMakeaGroupDecision.D.Jackdaws‘Vote’toChooseTheirGroupLeaders.【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了寒鸦在离开睡眠地点前会发出大量的嘎吱声，研究人员认为这是它们用声音投票决定离开的方式。研究还发现，这种投票系统对于寒鸦个体来说有益，它们能更好地避免危险和获取社交信息。因此，寒鸦在早晨的大声叫喊并不是纯粹的混乱，它们的叫声越大，离开的时间就越早。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Despitebeingfairlylow-volumeduringtheday,theyarereallyloudoneithersideoftheirnight-timeget-togethers.Whymightthisbe?(尽管白天的声音很小，但在晚上聚集的时候，它们的声音非常大。为什么会这样呢？)”可知，让科学家们困惑的是它们不寻常的叫声。故选D。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theresearcherssuspectedthateachindividual’scallmightcountasan“I’min!”.Whenacertainamountof“I’min!”sarecalled—andsoacertainvolumeofnoiseisreached-thegroupmightthendepartasaunit.(研究人员怀疑，每只寒鸦的呼叫都可能被视为“我加入!”当一定量的“我加入!”当噪音达到一定的音量时，这群乌鸦就会作为一个整体离开。)”以及第三段中“Totestthisidea,theresearchersartificiallyincreasedthelevelofcallsduringthejackdaws’naturalmorningcalls.

(为了验证这一观点，研究人员人为地增加了寒鸦自然鸣叫时的叫声水平)”以及本段中“Theirexpectationwasthat,ifjackdawsreallyare“votingwiththeirvoice”todecidewhentodepartthesleepingsite,artificiallyaddingcallswouldmakethemleaveearlierthantheynaturallywouldhavedone.

(他们的预期是，如果寒鸦真的“用声音投票”来决定何时离开睡觉的地方，人为地增加叫声会使它们比自然情况下更早离开。)”可知，研究人员人为地增加了寒鸦自然鸣叫时的叫声是为了验证之前提出的观点，即当一定量的“我加入!”噪音达到一定的音量时，这群乌鸦就会作为一个整体离开。故当人为地增加了寒鸦自然鸣的叫声时，乌鸦比自然情况下更早离开离开了睡觉的地方。故选B。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Youmightwonderwhythishappens.Theresearcherssuggestthatindividualjackdawsbenefitfromthevotingsystembecausetheyarelessatriskofbeingkilledandtheycangetmoreaccesstosocialinformation—suchaswheretofindfood.(你可能想知道为什么会这样。研究人员认为，个别寒鸦从投票系统中受益，因为它们被杀死的风险更小，而且它们可以获得更多的社会信息——比如在哪里可以找到食物。)”可知，个别寒鸦从投票系统中受益，因为它们被杀死的风险更小，即为一个更好生存的策略。故选B。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Despitebeingfairlylow-volumeduringtheday,theyarereallyloudoneithersideoftheirnight-timeget-togethers.Whymightthisbe?(尽管白天的声音很小，但在晚上聚集的时候，它们的声音非常大。为什么会这样呢？)”以及通读全文，文章回答了寒鸦在晚上聚会时为什么会发出非常大的声音即寒鸦在离开睡眠地点前会发出大量的嘎吱声，研究人员认为这是它们用声音投票决定离开的方式。C选项“Jackdaws‘Vote’toMakeaGroupDecision.(寒鸦“投票”做出集体决定。)”概括文章内容，符合文章标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whendealingwithadepressedfamilymember,itcanbehardtoknowhowyoushouldactandwhatyoucandotohelp.Ifyouwanttogetalongwithyourdepressedfamily,youshouldknowhowtoapproachthem.___36___.Ifyouhavefiguredoutthatonefamilymemberisstrugglingwithdepression,itcanseemlikeyouhavesomethingtodowithit.Butit'snotyourfault.___37___.Tobeavailabletothispersonandhelphim,itisimportanttounderstandthatit'snotpersonal.___38___.Whenyouaretalkingtodepressedfamilymembers,youhavetokeepinmindthattheyaredealingwithanactualphysicalproblem.Itcanbetemptingtoblametheirmentaldisorderondecisionstheyhavemade,butrecognizingthatit'snottheirfaultcanhelpyoubemoresupportive.Youshouldoffersupport.Yoursupportisoneofthemostval