2025年全国高考一卷英语真题-答案

2025年全国高考一卷英语真题

一、听力选择题

1．Whatwillthemandonext?

A．Unpackhissuitcase.

B．Boardaflight.

C．Filloutaform.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Excuseme,IjustarrivedontheflightfromMelbourne,andmysuitcaseismissing.

W:We’reverysorry,sir.Couldyouputdownyourinformationinthisform?We’lldoeverythingwecantofindyour

suitcase.

M:Okay.

2．WhatdoesSarahplantodoaftergraduation?

A．Dovolunteerwork.

B．Pursueahigherdegree.

C．Runthefamilybusiness.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Haveyoutalkedoveryourfutureplanwithyourparents,Sarah?

W:Well,myparentswouldlikemetodomymaster’saftergraduation.ButI’mthinkingofvolunteeringasasocialworker

forayear.

M:Goodforyou.

3．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A．Buyingacar.

B．Movinghouse.

C．Fixingthewindow.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Wereallyneedtomove,Steve.Somanycarsgobyeverydayandnosuncomesthroughthewindows.

M:Yeah,thishouseiskindofold.Whatdoyouhaveinmind?

W:Maybeweshouldhavealookinthesuburbs.

4．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheskiarea?

A．It’sabitcrowded.

B．Ithaspoorsnow.

C．It’stoofaraway.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Doyouoftenskihere?

W:No,thisismyfirsttime.

M:Sohowdoyoulikeitsofar?

W:Thesnowisbrilliant.Itwouldbebetteriftherewerefewerpeople.

5．Wherearethespeakersheading?

A．TheArtCentre.

B．TheGrandTheatre.

C．TheStoneBridge.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Nowwe’vecrossedtheStoneBridge,turnrightagain.Look!Here’stheArtCenter.TheGrandTheatreistwo

blocksaway.

M:Nearlythere.Wewon’tbelatethen.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6．Whatdidthewomando?

A．Shewentoverthespeedlimit.

B．Sheparkedinaschoolzone.

C．Shedrovethrougharedlight.

7．WhattimedoesschoolfinishonWednesdays?

A．At2:00pm.B．At2:30pm.C．At3:30pm.

【答案】6．A7．A

【解析】M:Miss,I’llneedtoseeyourdriver’slicense.

W:WasIdoingsomethingwrong?

M:You’redrivinginaschoolzonearoundthetimeschoolletsout.Thespeedlimitis15milesanhour,andyouweregoing

35.

W:Butit’sonly2:10pm.Thestudentsaren’tdismisseduntil3:30.

M:TodayisWednesday.StudentsaredismissedanhourandahalfearlieronWednesdays.

W:Oh,no,you’reright.Ijustforgotthat.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A．Fellowworkers.

B．Formerschoolmates.

C．Familyrelatives.

9．WhowillGracehavedinnerwith?

A．Fiona.B．Jennifer.C．David.

10．WhatisKevingoingtodonext?

A．Buyadrink.B．Playbasketball.C．Greetafriend.

【答案】8．B9．C10．C

【解析】M:Hi,Grace.Haven’tseenyouforsometime!

W:Oh,Kevin.Nicetoseeyou.Areyoualsoherefordinner?

M:Yes.MycousinFionaisintown,andthisisherfavoritesteakhouse.Youmetherlastyear,right?

W:Yes,atJennifer’swedding.

M:Right.Look,areyouherealone?Wouldyouliketojoinus?

W:That’sveryniceofyou,butI’mmeetingDavidandsomeotherfriendsfordinner.YourememberDavidfromClass

Two?

M:Ofcourse.Hewasthecaptainofourschool’sbasketballteam.Ihaven’tseenhimsincegraduation.

W:Heworkedabroadfor3yearsandhasjustcomeback.

M:Well,I’llgoandsayaquickhello.Wedefinitelyshouldgettogethersometimeandhaveadrink.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

11．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutnewsprograms?

A．Theyarereplacedbydocumentaries.

B．Theyhavebeenreducedinnumber.

C．Theyfocusonthelifeofcelebrities.

12．Whatistheman’sattitudetowardrealityshows?

A．Favorable.B．Critical.C．Uncertain.

13．WhatdoesthewomanexpectTVprogramstobe?

A．Educational.B．Diverse.C．Entertaining.

【答案】11．B12．A13．A

【解析】W:There’snothingdecenttowatchthesedaysonTV.

M:Nothingdecent?There’stonsofstuff.

W:They’vecutdownonthenumberofnewsprograms,andthenumberofdocumentaries.Allhavebeenreplacedbythese

stupidrealityshowsandgameshows,youknow.

M:Well,theyoftenmakemelaugh.Peoplewanttowatchthatkindofthing.It’sgood,youknow,aslongasthere’sa

balance,there’sabitofthis,abitofthat.

W:Shouldwebegivingpeoplewhattheywanttowatch?Orshouldwebe,youknow,tryingtoeducatethem?

M:Well,TVisthereforentertainment.Ifyouwantaneducation,yougotouniversityorcollegeorsomething,don’tyou?

W:No.Ireallydon’tthinkso.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

14．WhoisCathy?

A．Aschoolteacher.B．Aradiohost.C．Agovernmentofficial.

15．Whatcanthevisitingadultsdointheschool?

A．Givespeeches.B．Observeclasses.C．Organizeactivities.

16．Howcanthestudentsbenefitfromtheschoolprogram?

A．EarnextracreditsB．Findjobopportunities.C．Learnaboutadult’slife.

17．Whatisthegoaloftheschoolprogram?

A．Toimprovestudent-teacherrelationship.

B．Topromotetheideaofwork-lifebalance.

C．Toenhanceschool-communityinteraction.

【答案】14．B15．B16．C17．C

【解析】W:WelcometoEducationUpdate.ThisisKathy.WehaveRobertHallfromMountainsideHighSchoolwithus

today.Hello,Mr.Hall.Couldyoutellusabouttheserviceprograminyourschool?

M:Okay.Itgoeslikethis.Oncertaindayseachmonth,adultsfromtheneighborhoodsitinclasswiththestudentsandsee

what’sgoingonintheschool.

W:That’sinteresting.Whatelsecantheydo?

M:Theycanalsotakeadultcoursesintheeveningsforbothfunandseriouslearning.

W:Whataboutthestudents?Whatcantheydointheprogram?

M:Well,theycanchangeplaceswithadultsandgoworkingonafarmorinafactoryortakingcareofthehousework.

W:Good.Thishelpsthembetterunderstandthelivesoftheirparentsandknowmoreabouttheirneighborhood.

M:Yes.Studentshaveachancetoworkinhospitals,nursinghomes,libraries,andeveningovernmentoffices.

W:Sotheschoolisnotonlypartofthestudent’slives,butalsopartoftheneighborhood.

M:That’sexactlywhatourserviceprogramisfor.

W:Great.Thankyou,Mr.Hall.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

18．Whereisthespeaker’scitylocated?

A．Bythelake.B．Onthecoast.C．IntheValley.

19．Whatdothenumbersonthesignsstandfor?

A．Thedurationofflooding.B．Theriseinairtemperature.C．Theheightabovesea

level.

20．Whatdoesthesuccessoftheprojectindicate?

A．Artcanmakeadifference.

B．Thehomeownersarecreative.

C．Climatechangeiscontrollable.

【答案】18．B19．C20．A

【解析】M:Goodevening.Tonight,I’llcontinuetosharehowwecanusearttospreadthewordaboutthechangingclimate.

Inourday-to-daylives,climatechangecanbehardtosee,butsomeplaceswillfeelthechangessoonerthanothers.Thecity

Iliveinisveryflatandclosetothewaterline.Andrisingsealevelsarealreadycreatingfloods.SoIdecidedtodo

somethingtomakeitimpossibletoignore.IstartedanartprojectcalledUnderwaterHomeownersAssociationandpainted

numbersontothousandsoflargesigns.Eachnumbershowedhowhighsomeone’shousewasabovesealevel.Aonewould

meanthatifthesealevelroseonefoot,thebuildingwouldflood.Igavethesignstohomeownerswhoputthemintheir

yards.Kidspaintedmoresignsandputthemneartheirschoolsandalongbusyroads.Theprojecthasalreadyhada

real-worldeffect.Thepeoplewhoputthesignsintheiryardscreatedarealhomeownersassociationtoaddressclimate

changeintheircommunities.

二、阅读理解

Thegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobiles

MovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO2emissions(排放).Asthe

worldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsforabouta

quarterofourenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here’sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodes

oftransport.

Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweightandsafeenoughtobe

carriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesomeofthe

solutionstogetusgoinggreen.

CARS—BatteriesBatteriesare

PLANES—SynthetichydrocarbonsThe

energy-efficientandelectriccarscanplug

hardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation.One

intoexistingsystemsandservices.New

long-termoptionforsustainablefuelforplanes

solid-statebatterieswilltakeacarfartheron

istomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair.

asinglecharge.

TRUCKS—HydrogenfuelSHIPS—Liquid

TRAINS—ElectricitySome

cellsammoniaLiquidammoniais

trainsarealreadyelectrified

Hydrogenfuelcellsareaeasytokeepandtransport,

throughrailsorwires;others

lighterchoicethanbatteriesbutitishardtoignite(点燃)

canbemadeelectricinpretty

fortrucks,butmakinggreenandrequiresanengine

simpleways.

hydrogenisexpensive.redesign.

Thisenergytransition(变革)isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis“alittlebit

mind-blowing,”saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It’sestimatedthatthe

globaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthatrenewablesareuptothe

task.“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused,”saysWipke.

21．Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?

A．11.6%.B．45.1%.C．74.5%.D．86.1%.

22．Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?

A．Planes.B．Trucks.C．Trains.D．Ships.

23．WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?

A．Limitingfuelconsumption.B．Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.

C．Improvingenergyefficiency.D．Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.

【答案】21．C22．C23．B

【解析】21．根据图表信息ROADVEHICLES部分中“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%(道路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD

(GOODS)29.4%(道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通

排放中占比74.5%。

故选C。

22．根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbe

madeelectricinprettysimpleways.(一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式

实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。

故选C。

23．根据最后一段中““Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyanditwillallgetused,”saysWipke.(Wipke

说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投

入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。

故选B。

Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhisson

earnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.More

thanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.

Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostofthe

essaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwas

shocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityof

computers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.

Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistime

theyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbya

creative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontaina

thesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,with

charactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.

Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudents

demonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullof

messagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachus

whatitmeanstobehuman.

24．Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?

A．Ninthgraders.B．Students’parents.

C．Modernwriters.D．Fictionalcharacters.

25．Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?

A．Theywerenotgivenenoughtime.B．Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.

C．Theymisunderstoodthequestion.D．Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.

26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?

A．Mixed.B．Amazing.C．Similar.D．Disturbing.

27．Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?

A．Teachingislearning.B．Stillwatersrundeep.

C．Knowledgeispower.D．Practicemakesperfect.

【答案】24．D25．D26．B27．A

【解析】24．根据文章第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrict

fatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedthe

loveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knew

theirsubjectssowell.(去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课

全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，

这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代

版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。

故选D。

25．根据文章第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpreted

asathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhave

writtenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.(大多数文

章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以

就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，

是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。

故选D。

26．根据文章第三段中划线词下文“Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,with

charactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.(学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20

页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，

与之前的表现形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”语义一

致。

故选B。

27．通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansof

communication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,I

walkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,

toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.(我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。

然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言

诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文

章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的

理念。选项A“Teachingislearning(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。

故选A。

Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclines

inpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfor

theirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.

DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBrömmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.Intheirnewbook

Movement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtherolethey

playinourlives.

Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroad

networksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohad

movedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingher

alarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasa

decentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.

Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletely

redesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenow

haveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.

Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognise

whatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveit

right:it’stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.

28．Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?

A．Carsoftengetstuckontheroad.B．Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.

C．Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D．Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.

29．WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?

A．Keeptheircitieslivable.B．Promoteculturaldiversity.

C．Helptheneedyfamilies.D．Makeexpresswaysaccessible.

30．WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s?

A．Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B．Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.

C．Theywongovernmentsupport.D．Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.

31．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．WhytheRush?B．What’sNext?

C．WheretoStay?D．WhotoBlame?

【答案】28．C29．A30．B31．A

【解析】28．根据文章第一段“Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transport

studiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoo

muchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.(虽然近年来我

们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交

通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开

车增多。

故选C。

29．根据文章第三段“Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sled

acampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,

JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”(最著

名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述她

对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，JaneJacobs呼吁她的市长捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆

匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。

故选A。

30．根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncities

werecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.(尽

管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可

推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。

故选B。

31．通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetrue

costs.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?(我们

在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我

们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视

行人需求的现象，A项“WhytheRush?(为何匆匆？)”质问“rushthrough(匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨。

故选A。

MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandon

theHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyare

evenappearinginsidehumans.

Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwater

fromyourtap(水龙头):boilingandfiltering(过滤)it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&

TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes—thenfilteringitafteritcools

—couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.

Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthe

study,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butin

sampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.

Additionally,theresearchdidn’tincludealltypesofplastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes—polystyrene,

polyethyleneandpolypropylene—andtheydidn’tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwatersuchasvinylchloride.

Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat’sbecoming

increasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplastics

thanoriginallythought.

Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare—butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.

Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake.“Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplastics

weretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineerofthe

UniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookinginto

upgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”

32．Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?

A．Byquotinganexpert.B．Bydefiningaconcept.

C．Bygivingexamples.D．Byprovidingstatistics.

33．Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?

A．Thehardnessofwater.B．Thelengthofcoolingtime.

C．Thefrequencyoffiltering.D．Thetypeofplasticinwater.

34．Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?

A．Theimportanceofplasticrecycling.B．Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem.

C．Thedangerinoverusingpurewater.D．Thedifficultyintreatingpollutedwater.

35．WhatisGauchotte-Lindsay’ssuggestionabout?

A．Choiceofnewresearchmethods.B．Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.

C．Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers.D．Potentialapplicationofthefindings.

【答案】32．C33．A34．B35．D

【解析】32．根据文章第一段中“MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhave

settledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfallenin

freshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在在

深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在人类体内)”可

推知，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。

故选C。

33．根据文章第二段中“Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totrapthe

plastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropin

plastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25

percent.(至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来截留塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙

的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量)”

可知，决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水的硬度。

故选A。

34．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure

—ataskthat’sbecomingincreasinglydiffcult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000

timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.(尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务

正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000

倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。

故选B。

35．根据文章最后一段中““Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswas

nice,”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineeroftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnot

involvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssothey

removemicroplastics.”(苏格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay没有参与这项研究，她告诉《新

科学家》杂志：“他们展示微塑料如何在煮沸过程中被截留的方式很不错。”“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，以便

它们能去除微塑料”)”可推知，CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay的建议是关于这项研究结果的潜在应用，即升级饮用水处

理厂。

故选D。

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