2026届高考英语外研版2019一轮复习UNIT 1　A new start

UNIT1Anewstart主题语境学校生活背多分1核心单词多维速背1.gain vt.获得;赢得n.好处;增加2.figure v.认为,以为n.数字;人物3.forwardadv.向前vt.促进;增进4.former adj.从前的5.facility n.设施场所6.enginen.发动机,引擎7.band n.乐队;乐团8.poster n.海报9.journal n.日记;日志10.author n.作者,作家11.committee n.委员会12.insect n.昆虫13.dolphin n.海豚14.dinosaur n.恐龙15.badminton n.羽毛球1.curiousadj.好奇的;求知欲强的;奇特;稀奇古怪→curiouslyadv.好奇地;奇怪地→curiosityn.好奇心;求知欲;珍品;奇物2.impressionn.印象,感想压痕→impressvt.使钦佩;给……留下深刻印象;使意识到(重要性或严重性等)vi.留下印象;引人注目→impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的;令人敬佩的→impressivelyadv.令人敬佩地;给人印象深刻地3.traditionn.传统→traditionaladj.传统的→traditionallyadv.传统上4.eagernessn.热切,渴望→eageradj.热切的,渴望的→eagerlyadv.热切地,渴望地5.explorev.考察,探险;探究→explorern.探索者;勘探者→explorationn.探索;勘探;探究6.collectionn.(一批)收藏品;作品集,收集物→collectv.收集;收藏;聚集;积累;募捐;领取,接某人→collectorn.收集者;收藏家→collectiveadj.集体的;共有的;总体的7.organisevt.组织;筹备;安排;组建vi.组建;成立→organisern.组织者→organisationn.组织;团体;机构→organisationaladj.组织方面的(能力、方法等)→organisedadj.有条理的;有组织的→disorganisedadj.杂乱无章的8.breathevi.&vt.呼吸vt.呼出;低声说→breathn.呼吸微量;迹象→breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的,喘不上气来的→breathlesslyadv.气喘吁吁地9.panicn.惊恐;惊慌vi.&vt.(使)惊慌→panicked/panicked/panicking(过去式/过去分词/现在分词)→panickyadj.焦虑不安的;惊慌的10.challengen.挑战;艰巨任务;(比赛等的)邀请;质询;质疑vt.怀疑;向……挑战;考查……的能力;盘问;查问→challengern.挑战者→challengingadj.有挑战性的;挑衅的→challengedadj.受到挑战的;有残疾的→unchallengedadj.不被怀疑的;没有异议的→unchallengeableadj.不容置疑的11.pressuren.压力vt.逼迫→pressvt.压,按,挤,推;将……塞进;催促;敦促n.报刊;印刷媒体;新闻界→pressedadj.紧缺的;压平的→pressingadj.紧急的;急迫的12.calmadj.镇静的,沉着的;平静的vt.使平静;使镇静→calmlyadv.镇静地,沉着地→calmnessn.镇静13.descriptionn.描述,描写,叙述,形容→describevt.描述;形容→descriptiveadj.描述性的;叙述的14.confidentadj.有信心的,自信的→confidentlyadv.有信心地,自信地→confidencen.信心;自信秘密,机密15.senioradj.(地位、水平或级别)高的,高级的→junioradj.低年级的16.draman.戏剧→dramaticadj.巨大的;突然的;急剧的;戏剧(般)的→dramaticallyadv.戏剧性地;剧烈地→dramatistn.剧作家;编剧17.debaten.讨论;辩论vt.&vi.辩论;争论→debatableadj.可争辩的;有争议的→debatern.辩论者18.gymn.体育馆,健身房→gymnasticsn.体操19.pianon.钢琴→pianistn.钢琴家20.photographyn.摄影→photographn.照片vt.拍照→photographern.摄影师;拍照者21.arguev.争论,争辩→argumentn.争论;争吵→arguableadj.可论证的→arguablyadv.可论证地;按理22.sharpadj.敏锐的,聪明的→sharplyadv.敏锐地;急剧地;严厉地→sharpenvt.削尖;(使)变得锋利;加强;(使)提高;改善23.intelligentadj.有智慧的,聪明的→intelligencen.智慧;智力24.investigatev.查明,调查→investigationn.调查→investigatorn.调查者25.variousadj.各种各样的,各种不同的→varyvi.相异;多变;改变→varietyn.多样化,变化→variedadj.多变的→variationn.变化,变更,变异26.volunteern.志愿者,义务工作者,自愿参加者v.自愿做;义务做;无偿做→voluntaryadj.志愿的,义务的→voluntarilyadv.自愿地;无偿地;义务地27.applyv.申请vt.应用;使用;涂;敷→applicationn.申请(表);用途;运用;应用(程序)→applicantn.申请人28.schedulen.计划表;进度表;日程表vt.安排;为……安排时间→scheduledadj.事先安排/计划的→reschedulevt.重新安排;修改……的时间表29.subscribevi.订阅(报纸或杂志);定期交纳(会费)→subscriptionn.订阅;会员费→subscribern.订户;订阅者30.viewn.(一次)观看;看法;意见;景色vt.把……视为;看;观看→viewern.观看者;电视观众31.graduatev.毕业n.毕业生→graduationn.毕业32.frightenedadj.受惊的,害怕的→frightenvt.使害怕→frighteningadj.令人害怕的→frightn.惊吓;恐怖的经历33.sightn.看到,看见;视力;视野;景象vt.看到→sightedadj.看得见的;有视力的→sightlessadj.看不见的;盲的34.selectv.挑选;选择→selectionn.选择→selectiveadj.选择性的;认真挑选的35.particularadj.特定的,特指的;特别的;讲究的n.细节,详情→particularlyadv.特别地36.neatadj.好的,令人愉快的;整洁的;整齐的→neatlyadv.整齐地;极好地→neatnessn.干净;整洁→neatenvt.使整齐;使整洁37.specificadj.具体的,特定的→specificallyadv.具体地;特定地38.referv.参考,查阅;提到,谈到→referred/referred(过去式/过去分词)→referencen.参考;查阅39.strugglen.&vi.奋斗,拼搏;斗争;搏斗vi.艰难地行进n.难事→strugglingadj.艰难奋斗的,苦苦挣扎的40.memorisevt.记住,熟记→memoryn.记忆力;回忆;记忆→memorableadj.难忘的;值得记忆的41.improvev.改善,改进→improvedadj.已改善的;有改进的→improvementn.改善;改进;提高42.ratev.对……作评估;评价n.速度;(比)率vt.划分等级→ratingn.等级;级别→underratedadj.被低估的43.performancen.(工作或活动中的)表现;表演;演技→performvi.&vt.表现;表演;履行;执行vi.工作,运转;表现(好/不好)→performern.表演者;演员44.exchangevt.交流(信息、想法等);交换;交易;兑换n.交换;交流;兑换;互换;交谈;争论→exchangeableadj.可交换/易的;可兑换的单词速记法词缀记忆法:形容词词尾-ent变-ence=名词语义记忆法:表示“受惊的,害怕的”的形容词①frightened受惊的;害怕的②terrified 恐惧;很害怕③alarmed 担心;害怕④afraid 害怕的,担心的⑤horrified 害怕的,惊吓的⑥scared 害怕的①innocent天真的→innocence天真②absent缺席的→absence缺席;缺乏③evident明显的→evidence证据④convenient方便的→convenience方便⑤different不同的→difference不同⑥intelligent有才智的→intelligence才智⑦patient耐心的→patience耐心⑧silent沉默的→silence沉默⑨violent暴力的→violence暴力⑩diligent勤奋的→diligence勤奋curiousadj.①好奇的;求知欲强的inquisitive②奇异的;奇怪的1)becuriousabout对……好奇becurioustodo好奇地做Itiscuriousthat...……真奇怪/很反常。2)withcuriosity好奇地outofcuriosity出于好奇arouse/satisfyone’scuriosity激起/满足某人的好奇心①Janeturnedtowardtheboys,wide-eyed,curioustoseewhatwasgoingon.简转向男孩子们,睁大了眼睛,好奇地想看看发生了什么事。(续写情感描写)②My________(curious)gotthebetterofmeandIpeepedinside.我抑制不住好奇心,向里边窥视。impressionn.印象;感想1)make/leavea(n)...impressionon...给……留下……的印象2)impresssb.with/bysth.用某物给某人留下深刻印象impresssth.on/uponsb.使某人意识到……3)beimpressedby/with...对……印象深刻beimpressedonone’smind被印在某人脑海里①Athousandwordswillnotleavesodeepan________(impress)asonedeed.千言万语不如一个行动。(续写主旨升华)②Whatimpressedmemostisthesunlightreflectingoffthelakeandthegentlebreeze.湖面反射的阳光,和煦的微风最让我印象深刻。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷分享信)③Thatcoldbutimpressiveeveningimpressed________methathiskindnesshadgotmetomydestinationandcreatedabondoffriendship.那个寒冷但令人印象深刻的夜晚使我意识到,他的善良既把我送到了目的地又建立了友谊的纽带。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写升华)breathevi.&vt.呼吸vt.呼出低声说1)breathein/out吸气/呼气breatheasighofrelief如释重负;松了口气2)holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸;屏息catchone’sbreath喘息;平复呼吸loseone’sbreath喘不过气来takeadeepbreath深呼吸takesb.’sbreathaway令人惊叹outofbreath喘不上气,透不过气来①Outofbreath,wereachedthetopofthemountain,fromwheretheviewtookourbreath________.我们上气不接下气地到了山顶,从山顶眺望,景色美得令人惊叹。(续写环境描写)②Harryleanedagainstthewall,breathingdeeply,listeningtotheirfootstepsdyingaway.哈利靠在墙上,深深地吸气,听着他们的脚步声渐渐远去。(续写动作描写)panicn.惊恐;惊慌vi.&vt.(使)惊慌(panicked,panicked,panicking)1)inpanic惊慌失措地getintoapanic惊慌失措2)panicsb.intodoingsth.使仓惶行事;使仓促行动panicat/about/over...因……惊慌①Everyonestartedlaughing.Ilookedatthem________panic.大家笑了起来。我惊慌失措地看着他们。(续写情感描写)②Panicconsumed/seizedher./She________(panic).Shefeltherbloodfreeze.她惊慌失措,感觉血液都凝固了。(续写情感描写)confidentadj.有信心的;自信的1)beconfidentabout...对……有信心/有把握beconfidentof(doing)sth.对(做)某事有把握/自信2)have/lose/lackconfidenceinsb.对某人有/失去/缺乏信心withconfidence有把握地;满怀信心地①Ifeelconfidentofwinninginthecomingfootballgame.我有把握在即将到来的足球赛中取胜。(告知信)②Themostbeautifulthingyoucanwearis________(confident).你能穿在身上最美的东西就是自信。(续写主旨升华)③Takingadeepbreath,Davidroseandwalkedtothetrackconfidently/________confidence.大卫深吸了一口气,站起身来,信心十足地走向跑道。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写)arguevt.&vi.①争论;争辩②论证③证明;表明1)arguefor/against据理主张/反对arguewithsb.on/about/oversth.与某人争辩某事argueo/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事2)beyondargument无可争辩haveanargumentwithsb.(about/oversth.)(针对某事)与某人争吵getintoanargument争吵起来;陷入争论①Itis________argumentthattheGreatWallisthesymbolofChina.毋庸置疑,长城是中国的象征。(推荐信)②IthoughtIcouldarguemyparentsintoallowingmetousemymoneyasIwished.我原以为我能说服我的父母允许我按照我自己的意愿花钱。(浙江高考续写)③Astheyargued________eachotherinwhispers,Harrymovedaroundtheroom,onlyhalflistening.他们小声争论,哈利在屋里走来走去,漫不经心地听着。(续写场景描写)applyvi.&vt.①申请;请求vt.②应用③涂;敷vi.④(对……)适用vt.努力学习;勤奋工作;手压;脚踩apply(to...)for...(向……)申请……applytodosth.申请做某事apply...to...把……应用于……;涂/敷/擦……到……上applyto...适用于……applyoneselfto(doing)sth.专心于(做)某事①I’mwritingtoapplyforthevoluntaryjob,whichIthinkIamqualifiedfor.我写信申请这个志愿工作,我认为我能够胜任该工作。(申请信)②MymindtravelledbacktothedayswhenIappliedmyselftocreatingRevere’shorse.我的思绪回到了我全身心创作里维尔的马的日子。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷续写)③Withadelicatetouch,heappliedanicepacktoJeff’sinjury,andcalmedJeffwithcomfortingwords.他轻轻地把冰袋敷在杰夫的伤口上,并用安慰的话安抚杰夫。(续写动作描写)strugglevi.①奋斗;拼搏②斗争vi.艰难地行走n.奋斗;拼搏;斗争;难事1)strugglefor...为……而斗争/奋斗strugglewith/againstsb./sth.与某人/某事做斗争struggletodosth.努力做某事struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来2)Itisastruggle(forsb.)todosth.(对于某人而言)做某事真是难事。①Despitemanyattempts,Istillfindit________struggletocookatastymeal.尽管尝试多次,我仍然觉得做好一顿美味的饭菜绝非易事。(2023·全国乙卷短文)②SeeingTomstruggleoutofhiswheelchair,shestruggled________(hold)backhertears.看着汤姆艰难地下了轮椅,她竭力忍住不哭。(续写动作和神态描写)exchangevt.①交流(意见、信息等)②交换;更换;兑换n.③交换;交流④调换;兑换交谈1)inexchange(for...)作为(对……的)交换;用来交换……anexchangeof...……的交流/交换2)exchangeAforB以A换取/兑换Bexchangesth.withsb.与某人交换某物exchangeideas/greetings/looks/glanceswithsb.与某人交流思想/与某人打招呼/与某人相互看了看①Whatisneededis________frankexchangeofviews.需要的是坦诚地交换意见。(建议信)②Afterweexchangedourphonenumbers,Iboardedthebusandgaveahugewavetohim.我们交换了电话号码后,我上了公共汽车,向他使劲儿挥了挥手。(动作链)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写)③NoahexchangedalookwithFagin,anddartedout.诺亚和费金对视一眼,然后冲了出去。(续写神态描写)viewn.①(一次)观看②视野③景色④看法vt.⑤看;观看⑥欣赏⑦看待1)have/getagoodviewof...清楚地看到;饱览comeintoview进入视野;看得见inview看得见inviewof由于;鉴于;考虑到inone’sview/fromone’spointofview在某人看来2)view...as...把……看作……beviewedas...被看作……①Onthewaytothefarm,attractivescenerycame________view,andyoucouldimaginehowthrilledwewere.在去农场的路上,迷人的景色映入眼帘,你可以想象一下我们有多么兴奋。(续写写景)②Therewasnobody________viewexceptsomesheepinthegrassland.草原上看不到一个人,只能看到几只羊。(续写写景)③Withthemindtrickinmind,Evastoppedviewingthebuilding________aheadache.伊娃想着心理策略,不再把大楼当作让她头疼的事。(2024·浙江高考1月续写)figurevt.①认为,以为;认定②计算n.③人物④数字⑤身材⑥画像1)figureout弄清楚;理解;计算出figurethat...认为……2)keepone’sfigure保持体形haveagoodfigure身材好apolitical/public/leadingfigure一位政治/公众/领军人物①AmongtheChinesehistorical________(figure)thatarewidelyacknowledged,SuShiisthemostinfluentialoneinmyview.在我看来,在广为人知的中国历史人物中,苏轼是最有影响力的。(短文写人)②Pacingbackandforth,Ishookmyheadtryingtofigure________whattodo.我来回走着,摇着头,想弄清楚该做什么。(续写动作描写)背多分2短语句型多维速背firstdayatseniorhigh在高中的第一天 ※campuslife校园生活1.picturesth.overandoveragain一遍又一遍地想象某事2.organiseone’swords组织某人的语言3.turnaround转身4.breathedeeply深呼吸5.givesb.anudge轻推某人一下6.makethemostof充分利用7.dependon依靠;依赖;取决于8.turnout结果是,证明是;培养;生产;到场9.winanaward获奖10.makeagoodfirstimpression留下美好的第一印象11.onebyone依次地,一个接一个地※innerfeelings内心感受12.inone’seagernesstodo某人渴望做……

13.inpanic惊慌地14.withbutterfliesinone’sstomach某人情绪紧张,心里发慌15.putsb.understress使某人承受压力schoolclubs学校俱乐部 ※gymclub健身俱乐部1.stayfitandhealthy保持健康※debateclub辩论俱乐部2.argueaboutthehottesttopicwiththesharpestminds与最聪明的人辩论最热的话题※scienceclub科学俱乐部※dramaclub戏剧俱乐部3.standonstage站在舞台上※musicclub音乐俱乐部4.playthepiano弹钢琴※photographyclub摄影俱乐部5.comealong跟随;进展6.playapart起作用7.disappointingmoments灰心的时刻8.takeup占用;占据;开始做9.dealwith处理;对付;涉及;论及10.inparticular尤其,特别11.atthesightof看到※hint有益的建议12.afantasticopportunitytodo做……绝佳机会或时机

13.takepartin参加14.keepanopenmind愿意聆听(或接受)意见;敞开心扉15.goallout全力以赴16.givesb.ahand帮助某人17.holdone’sheadup抬起某人的头writeajournalentry写日记 1.aroundthecorner即将到来2.cometoanend结束3.bumpinto撞上4.lookbackon回顾5.referto参考;查阅;提到;谈及6.lookforwardto(兴奋的)期待,盼望短语1referto①参考;查阅;②提到;谈及;③描述1)refertoabook/dictionary查阅书/词典refersth.tosb.把某物送交给某人referto...as...称……为……bereferredtoas...被称为……2)in/withreferenceto关于forreference以供参考①Dorememberthespeechshouldbegivenwithoutreferringtothenotes.切记演讲时不要参考演讲稿。(通知)②Youth,referredtoasmybestfriend,accompaniedmethroughmywholehighschool.《青春》是我最好的朋友,它陪伴我度过了整个高中。(新高考Ⅰ卷短文)短语2lookforwardto(+n./pron./v.-ing)盼望……(to是介词)由介词to构成,后面加v.-ing/n./pron.的常见短语:beaddictedto沉溺于beused/accustomedto习惯于getdownto着手……;开始认真做某事leadto通向,导致payattentionto注意stickto坚持turnto致力于;求助于;转向①Lookingforwardtoyourpromptresponse.期待您尽早回复。(书信结尾)②Getdownto________(study)hard,andyouwillgetyourstudiesimproved.开始努力学习吧,你的成绩会有所提高的。(建议信)短语3turnout①关掉;熄灭②在场③生产④使朝外⑤结果是,证明是turnoutsb./sth.培养某人/生产/制造某物turnoutfor...出席参加……turnout(+tobe)+adj./n.结果/原来……Itturns/turnedoutthat...结果;原来……asitturns/turnedout最后;后来发现;正如后来表明的;果不其然①Itmaybeadifficulttime,buteventuallythingswillturn________allright.这也许是段困难时期,但最终一切都会好起来。(建议信)②________itturnedout,Davidparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityintherace.最后,大卫尽最大努力参加了比赛。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写)③________turnsoutthathelpingothersrealizetheirdreamsgivesmemorepleasure.事实证明,帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。(续写主旨升华)句式1bedoingsth.when...正在做某事,这时(突然)……IwaslookingatthephotosonthenoticeboardwhenIheardavoicebehindme.我正看着布告栏上的照片,忽然传来一个声音。

1)在“was/weredoing...when...”句式中,when用作并列连词,相当于andthen或andjustatthattime。2)其他结构相似的句式还有:主语+was/wereabouttodo...when...=主语+was/wereonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……这时……主语+hadjustdone...when...刚刚做了……,突然……①Chet________(wipe)downthecounterwhenthefrontdoorbangedopen.切特正在擦拭柜台,突然前门被撞开了。(续写场景描写)②Hewasabouttoanswerwhenthecolorsuddenlydrainedfromhisface—heleapttohisfeetandrantothewindow.他正要回答,突然脸色刷地变白了——他一跃而起,奔向窗口。③Motherhadjustwokenup________shesmeltaninvitingsmelloffood.妈妈刚睡醒,就闻到一阵食物诱人的味道。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)句式2so...that...如此……以至于……,引导结果状语从句TheteacherspokesofastthatIcouldn’ttakeeverythingdown.这个老师说得那么快,以至于我记不下所有的东西。

1)so...that...句型的常见形式:so+adj./adv.+that...so+adj.+a(n)+n.(单数可数名词)+that...so+many/few/much/little(少)+n.(复数可数名词/不可数名词)+that...2)such...that...句型的常见形式:such+a(n)+adj.+n.(单数可数名词)+that...such+adj.+n.(复数可数名词/不可数名词)+that...3)当“so+形容词/副词”或“such+名词短语”放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装。①Sorapidlyhavescienceandtechnologydevelopedthattheyhavebroughtgreatchangestoourlife.科技发展得如此快,以至于给我们的生活带来了巨大的变化。(2022·全国乙卷短文)②FanZhongyanis________arolemodelthathealwaysencouragesmetobeamanofnoblecharacter.范仲淹就是这样的榜样,一直鼓励我做一个品格高尚的人。(2023·全国甲卷写人短文)③Motherwassomovedthathereyeswereshiningwithtearsofgreatjoy.母亲如此感动,以至于她的眼里满是喜悦的泪水。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)④Mywritingwasthought________highlyofthatmyheartswelledwithpride.我的作品受到如此高的评价,以至于我的心里充满了自豪。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷续写)句式3主语+be+too...to...……太……而不能……Ihadbeentoonervoustopayattentionwhenheintroducedhimself!我太紧张了,以至于他介绍自己时我没有注意!

1)“too+adj./adv.(forsb.)+todosth.”结构表否定的意义,意为“太……而不能……”,但当too...to...用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious、eager、glad、happy、pleased、ready、willing等时,不定式则表肯定意义。2)adj./adv.enough(forsb.)+todosth.(对于某人)足够……做某事①Iamtoopleasedtohelpyouimproveyourfitness.我很乐意帮助你提高身体素质。(建议信)②Harrywokeatfiveo’clockthenextmorningandwastooexcitedandnervoustogobacktosleep.第二天早上,哈利五点就醒了。他既兴奋又紧张,再也睡不着了。③Thensuddenly,thenoisebecameloudenoughtowakeupthedead!Frightening!突然,声音大得能吵醒死人!太可怕了!(续写情感细节描写)教材优美片段练背仿①________(look)backonmyhighschoollife,themostimportantadvice②________I’dgiveisthesewonderfulwordsfromthe③________(write)MayaAngelou.Shesaid,“Bearainbowinsomebodyelse’scloud.”So,giveyourfriends④________handwhentheyneedit.Andthiswillmakeyoufeelgood,too.(续写主旨升华)回顾这次经历,我意识到在他人需要帮助时施以援手也会让我们感觉很开心。⑤_____________________________________________________________________教考衔接1

背多分3续写素材场景练背——情感细节描写之“高兴、快乐”(一)形容词pleased,joyful,glad,happy,delighted,cheerful,merry,overjoyed,bright副词happily,gladly,cheerfully,joyfully,merrily名词pleasure,delight,enjoyment,joy,happiness动词dance雀跃,beam眉开眼笑,grin咧嘴笑神态(eyes,face,tears)①sparkle/twinkle/shine/dance+withjoy/delight/happiness闪烁着/跳跃着喜悦的光芒;②glowwithhappiness洋溢着幸福;③lightup喜形于色;④tearsofhappiness/joy高兴的泪水心悦(heart)①one’sheartbefilledwithdelight/happiness/joy满心欢喜;②one’sheartthumped/pounded/hammeredwithjoy/happiness高兴得心怦怦跳;③joyetc.welledupinone’sheart喜悦等涌上心头手舞clapone’shandsindelight某人高兴地拍手足蹈dance/jumpfor/withjoy高兴