Unit10SectionAgrammar-4c课件人教版（2012）八年级英语下册

Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)现在完成时：

表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词一般疑问句：have/has…?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Yes,shehas.No,shehasn’t.Revision1.现在完成时动词构成have/has+v过去分词助动词否定haven’thasn’t疑问Haveyou…?Hashe…?常与下列时间状语连用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,severaltimes现在完成时1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连用。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for或since引起的一段时间状语连用。动词构成：have/has+v过去分词havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(现在我不饿)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2004IstilllivehereIhavelivedhereforthreeyears.Ihavelivedheresince2004/threeyearsago.nowpast3.现在完成时的标志词现在完成时常与already,yet,等连用。其中,

already常用于肯定句中,yet常用于否定句和疑问句中。含有already的肯定句变否定句或疑问句时,要将already变为yet,并置于句末。如：Therainhasalreadystopped.→Therainhasn’tstoppedyet.→Hastherainstoppedyet?还常与ever,never,before,just连用。如：never意为“从来没有”常与before连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。

e.g.I

have

never

travelled

by

plane

before.

我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。

3.现在完成时肯定句变否定句、一般疑问句及一般疑问句的简略回答现在完成时的肯定句变否定句时,是在have/has后加not,可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t;变一般疑问句时,是把have/has提至主语前,一般疑问句的简略回答为“Yes,

主语(人称代词)+have/has.”和“No,

主语(人称代词)+haven’t/hasn’t.”。如：Ihavegotaletterfrommyaunt.

(肯定句)→Ihaven’tgotaletterfrommyaunt.

(否定句)→—Haveyougotaletterfromyouraunt?

(一般疑问句)—Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.(简略回答)中考考点一：have/has+beento(曾经去过某地，人已回来)

have/has+goneto(去了某地，人在路上或在目的地,还没回来)

中考考点二：短暂性动词不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用,必须转变成延续性动词如:leave--be

awayborrow—keepbegin/start—beon

buy—have等中考考点三：现在完成时与一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者有区别：一般过去时侧重于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系，有明显的过去时间状语；而现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响.--Haveyoureadthisbookbefore?--Yes,Ihave.--Whendidyoureadit?--Threedaysago.4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.

JimhasbeeninJapanforthreedays.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.

Theyhavenoteatenfortenhours.

Theyhavebeenveryhungryfortenhours.×(Althoughtheirlastmealwastenhoursago,itisn’tlogicalthattheygothungryimmediatelyaftertheyhadtheirlastmeal.)3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.

Ihavehadacamerasince2009.4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.IhaveknownAnnaforthreeyears.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.I_______________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto_____(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_________________(neverown)anypets,butthey__________________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedhavealwayswanted3.We__________(have)apianosincelastNovember.We______(buy)itfromtheLifamilywhentheymovedtotheUSlastyear.4.CathyandAmy_______________________(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.They_____(miss)theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.5.Thismuseum_________(be)hereforover20years.It______(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.havehadboughthavenotbeen/haven’tbeenmisshasbeenis4c

Fillinthequestionsandasktwostudents.Thencompletethechart.1.Doyouhavea(n)________?Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Doyouowna(n)________?Howlonghaveyouownedit?GroupworkThingsHowlongTonyfavoritebookfortwoyearsbasketballsincehewas10yearsoldStudent1Student21.—Thisisareallyoldbike.—Yes,I________itforsevenyears.A.havehadB.haveboughtC.boughtA【解析】由答语中forsevenyears可知应用现在完成时态,且句子谓语动词用延续性动词,非延续性动词buy(bought)转换为延续性动词have(had)。故选A。2.—Wherearetheteachersnow?—Inthemeetingroom.They________themeetingfor10minutes.A.havebegunB.havebeenonC.havehadD.havebeenheldC【解析】短语for10minutes必须与延续性动词连用,因此排除选项A、D;beon上演,主语通常为电影、戏剧、会议等;短语havethemeeting“开会”,主语为人,故选C。3.—Whatdoyouusuallydoinyoursparetime?—Ioftengotoourcommunitylibrary.It________fortwoyearsinordertoencourageustoreadmore.A.opens

B.hasopenedC.hasbeenopenedD.hasbeenopenD【解析】根据“fortwoyears”此处表示的是从过去开始,一直延续的动作。open是非延续性动词,此处用形容词形式beopen表示状态,现在完成时用hasbeenopen。故选D。4.Stevelefthishometownfiveyearsago.(改为同义句)Steve________________awayfromhishometownforfiveyears.hasbeen5.Meltingice(融冰)cancausesealevelstorise.Since1993,sealevels________ataspeedof32cmevery10years.A.rose

B.haverisen

C.riseB【解析】根据时间状语Since1993可知用现在完成时。6.这部手机他已经买两年了。______________________________________________________________________________Hehasalreadyhadthismobilephonefortwoyears.Theoldman_______lastyear.He_____________forayear.(die)(动词填空）2.Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换）

Thisfactory____________fortwentyyears.三、句型转换diedhasbeendeadhasbeenopen4.HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.(同义句)Hermother________thePartythreeyears______.5.TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同义句转换）

______twoyears_______theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.joinedagoItissince5.MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换）

MissGao_____________________anhourago.6.Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________hasbeenawaysinceThebushasbeenherefortenminutes.1.Myauntisawriter.She____morethantenbookssince1980.

A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite.2.She_______thisbookfornearlythreeweeks.A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept3.Youaretoolate.Thefilm_____sincehalfanhourago.

A.hasbegunB.hasbeenonC.began

4.Mr.Fan___thiswatchin2015.he____itfor6years.A.bought,hashadB.bought,hasC.hasbought,hashadD.hasbought,had5.----Oh,youarehere.I’mlookingforyouallthemorning.___________？----Tothelibrary.

A.WherehaveyougoneB.WherewillyougoC.WhereareyougoingD.Wherehaveyoubeen?6.A:Howcleanthebedroomis!B:Yes,Iamsurethatsomeone

it.

A.cleansB.cleanedC.hascleanedD.hadcleaned全国各地中考现在完成时态试题CDBADC7.Hi,guys.Whereareyouheadingnow?—Home.We___allourmoney,sowehavetowalkhomenow.