2022届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项训练（十九）

★A

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

Onebillionteenagersandyoungadultsaroundtheworldrisklosingtheirhearing

bylisteningtoloudmusic.ThisisaccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.The

U.N.agencyisaskingyoungpeopletoturndownthevolumetopreventirreversible

（不可逆转的）damagetotheirhearing.

Fewthingsgetthebloodpumpinglikegoodmusic.Manypeoplebelievelouder

isbetterifyouarelisteningtorockandroll.Butexperiencingreallyloudmusic,even

reallygoodmusic,canhaveaseriouseffectonyourhearing.

Dr.ShelleyChadhaisaspecialistonhearingdamagefortheWorldHealth

Organization.Dr.Chadhasaysthatthecellsweusetohear,calledsensorycells,can

beforeverdamagedbyloudsoundsthathappenoveralongperiodoftime.

Butwhatisanunsafelevelofsound?

TheWHOsaystherecanbemanykindsofunsafelevelsofsound.Itdependson

howloudthesoundisandhowlongyoulistentoit.Unsafecanmeannoiselevelsof

85decibels（分贝）foreighthoursadayor100decibelsforjust15minutes.Dr.

Chadhasayswhenthepowerofsoundincreasesbyonlythreedecibels,safelistening

timegoesdownbyhalf.

Dr.Chadhasaystherearesimplemeasurestoprotectpeoplefromunsafesound

levels.Acommonsensesuggestionistoturndownthevolumeonyourpersonal

audiodevices.TheWHOalsoadvisesyoungpeopletoliiuillliciiuseofsuchdevices

tolessthanonehouraday.Itremindspeopletousetheirtechnologytostaysafe.

Smartphoneappscanhelptomonitorsafelisteninglevels.

TheU.N.agencyestimates360millionpeoplesufferhearinglosslinkedtomany

causes,includingnoise,geneticconditions,infectious（传染性）diseasesandaging.

Itnoteshalfofallcasesofhearinglossareavoidable.

1.Loudmusicisthreateningoftheirhearing.

A.U.N.agency

B.peopleworkwithWHO

C.youngpeople

D.elderadults

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?

A.Thehearingdamagedbyloudnoisecan'tbecured.

B.Goodmusicwillnothurtpeople'shearing.

C.Loudermusicisbetterthanlightmusictopeople'sear.

D.Experiencingreallyloudmusicisgood.

3.AccordingtoWHO,whichisasafesound?

A.noiseofhigherthan100decibels

B.noiseoflowerthan85decibels

C.10hours'noiseof85decibels

D.15minutes,noiseof100decibels

4.Theunderlinedwordmonitor,inparagraph6means..

A.keeptrackof

B.keepaneyeon

C.keepwithin

D.keepthesame

5.WhatdoestheU.N.Agencythinkofthe360millionpeoplesufferinghearingloss?

A.Theyareinfectious.

B.Theyarcbecomingold.

C.Itisbecauseoftheirgeneticconditions.

D.Manyofthemcanbeprevented.

★B

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

Doctorshavebeenwarningforyearsthatsecondhandsmokeleadstomanytypes

ofillness.However,manychildrenaroundtheworldliveinareaswhereadults

regularlysmoke.

AjournalcalledAnnalsofFamilyMedicinerecentlypublishedanarticlecalling

fordoctorstostarttreatingchildren'scontactwithsecondhandsmokeasabuse（恶

习）.Inthatcase,contacttosecondhandsmokewouldbeviewedmuchlikephysical

abuse.

TheauthorofthearticleisaprofessoratUniversityofNorthCarolinaSchoolof

Medicine.Dr.AdamGoldsteinsayssecondhandsmokecausesmanydiseasesin

children.Thesediseasesincludeasthma（哮喘）andpneumonia（肺炎）.Headdsthat

noamountofsecondhandsmokeissafe.

TheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionagreethatsecondhand

smokecancauseserioushealthproblemsinchildren.Theysaythatcomparedto

childrenwhogrowupinhomeswithoutsmokers,childrenwithparentswhosmoke

havesmallerlungsandmoreillnesses.

Thearticleaboutsecondhandsmokeandchildrencomesatthesametimethe

WorldHealthOrganizationisincreasingcallstofightagainsttobaccocompanies.

Dr.MargaretChanisthedirector-generaloftheorganization.Shesaysshe

believestobaccocompaniesaretryingtoavoidandevenweakenanti-tobaccolaws.

SpeakinginMarchattheWorldConferenceonTobaccoorHealthintheUnited

ArabEmirates,Dr.Chanwarnedthefightagainsttobaccocompaniesisgoingtobe

difficult.But,sheadded,"Weshouldnotgiveupuntilwemakesurethetobacco

industrygoesoutofbusiness."Otherleadingpublichealthresearcherswhospokeat

theconferencecalledforthesaleoftobaccotoendby2040.

Aboutonebillionpeopleareexpectedtodiefromsmokingandotherformsof

tobaccooverthenextcentury.Mostofthesedeathswillbeinlow-to-middle-income

countries.

1.Whoarethemostinnocentvictimofsmoke?

A.Regularsmokers.

B.Secondhandsmokers.

C.Children.

D.Doctors.

2.Itislikeforchildrentocontactwithsecondhandsmoke.

A.asthma

B.pneumonia

C.diseases

D.physicalabuse

3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Childreninanon-smokerfamilyhavelargerlungs.

B.Childrenwithparentswhosmokehavefewerlungillnesses.

C.Childreninanon-smokerfamilyhavesmallerlungs.

D.Childrenwithparentswhosmokehavesmallerchancestogetillnesses.

4.Dr.MargaretChan'sfinalgoalisto.

A.drivetobaccoindustryoutofbusiness

B.endtobaccosalebytheyear2040

C.weakenanti-tobaccolaws

D.fightagainsttobaccocompanies

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Onebillionpeopleareexpectedtodiefromsmoking.

B.Itiseasytodiefromsmokingandotherformsoftobacco.

C.Smokeaffectsmoreinlow-to-middle-incomecountries.

D.Mostofsmokersareinlow-to-middle-incomccountries.

★C

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

Researchersrecentlycompletedastudyofanewmethodofgivinghealthcareto

womeninNorthernNigeria（尼日利亚）.Theyfoundwomenandchildrenwoulduse

healthservicesmoreoftenwhentheycouldsecafemalehealthworker.

NorthernNigeriaisconservative（保守的）areawithapopulationthatismostly

Muslim.Dr.SallyFindleyisaprofessoratColumbiaUniversityMedicalCenter.She

co-wrotcthereportonthestudy.Shesaiditisunusualforwomentoworkashealth

careprovidersthere.

Nigeriahasoneoftheworld'shighestdeathratesofwomenconnectedwith

pregnancyandchildbirth.Thisiscalledthe"maternaldeath"rate.Theworstraleof

maternaldeathinNigeriaisinthenorthernregion.

Malehealthworkersdotravelfromtowntotown,butmanywomenpatientsdo

notwanttotalkwithamanabouttheirownhealthcareneeds.

Dr.FindleysaidihetrialstudyinJigawastaterequiredthatmanyinthe

communitybeinvolved.Italsoneededsupportfromreligiousleaders,evenonsuch

mattersastransportationfortheworkers.

TheprogrambroughtwomenintonorthernNigeriaasCommunityHealth

ExtensionWorkers.Itseemstheywereabigsuccessintheircommunity.Therewere

fivetimesmorevisitstothehealthcenterafterthewomenhealthworkersarrivedthan

before.Dr.Findleysaidtheprogramchangedthemindsofthewomentakingpart.

ThewomenofnorthernNigeriacouldgethealthcareatallhoursinthelocal

clinic.Mothersgothelpfromwomenwhentheyhadnormalbirths.Ifamothergiving

birthneededmorehelp,theCommunityHealthExtensionWorkerssenthertoa

hospital.Theyalsogaveadviceonfamilyplanning.

StateofficialsinJigawawerehappywiththepositiveresultsofthestudy.They

plantoexpandtheprogramofwomencommunityhealthworkers.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A.researchersliketogivehealthcaretowomeninNorthernNigeria

R.inNorthernNigeriawomenandchildrenonlylikewomendoctors

C.researchersstudiedanewmethodofgivinghealthcaretowomeninNorthern

Nigeria

D.inNorthernNigeriawomentendtoseekhelpfromfemaledoctors

2.Whatis'maternaldeath'?

A.Womendiewhengivingbirth.

B.Womendieofpregnancy.

C.Womenwerekilledbytheirbaby.

D.BothAandB.

3.WhichisnotthereasonthatNorthernNigeriahastheworstmaternaldeathrate?

A.ThepopulationthereismostlyMuslin.

B.Fewwomenworkashealthcareproviders.

C.Womendon'twanttotalkwithmendoctors.

D.Theyareconservative.

4.IlisthatchangedthesituationofwomenhealthcareinNorthernNigeria.

A.changingthemindsofwomen

B.givingthemadviceonfamilyplanning

C.bringingwomendoctorstothearea

D.sendingwomenwithbabiestohospitals

5.Whatdo\vcknowfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thetransportationofthecountrywillbeimproved.

B.Thegovernmentwillexpandtheprogram.

C.Dr.SallyFindleywillcontinueherresearch.

D.Dr.SallyFindleywillbesenttoanotherhospital.

★D

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

OwaishBatliwala,10,fromMumbai,India,admittedspendingthreetofour

hourseachdayplayinggamesonhistabletcomputer.Whenhestartedcomplaining

aboutaneckpain,hismotherMehzabinbecameconcerned.

“MysongotaprobleminhisneckaroundJune,July.Thepaingraduallyspread

tohishandandhisback,thiswastheproblem,sheexplained.4tHeplaysforhourson

theiPadandmobilephone.Heplaysregularlyfbratleastfortwo-threehours,that's

whatcausedtheproblem.”

PhysicaltherapistSadiaVanjarasaidthenumberofyoungchildrenwithchronic

paininupperextremitiesisontherise."Theyarenotageing,theyhaven'thadan

accident,theirageislike,under10,theyarenotcomplaining,thebloodreportsare

fine,theirX-raysarefine,theirMRI'sarefine,thenwhereistheculprit?Andthatis

theverycommonthingthatishappeningamongstallchildrenandthatissmart

phonesandthegadgets,“Vanjarasaid.

TherearemoresmartphoneusersinIndiatoday.Networkingtechnologygiant

Ciscoestimatestheirnumberswillincreasefrom140milliontodayto651millionby

theendofthedecade.

StudentNidaJameel,19,saidshefeltpaininherpinkiefinger,wheretheweight

ofhersmartphonerestsmostoftheday."AsIusephone24/7like,soprobablyyeah,

itwasbecauseofthephone,continuoususageandSnapchat,Whatsapp,moreand

moreyouknowsocialmediacoming,solikephoneisthecenterofeverything/5she

said.

Withcorrectposture,paincanbeprevented,soVanjaraalsoteacheschildren

huwluhold(heirgadgetscunccUy."Ifyouhuldthephuncupinfioutofyuu,your

headwillnotbebentdowntolookatitandsoyourneckwon'tgetstrainedJshesaid.

Withthenumberofsmartphonesandotherhandhelddevicesconstantlyonthe

rise,Vanjarapredictswewillseenotonlyphysicalbutalsopsychologicaland

emotionalailmentsstemmingfromtheirexcessiveuse.

1.WhatproblemdidOwaishBatliwalahaveatthebeginning?

A.Hef