阅读理解+完形填空+书面表达分类综合训练达-2023届高考英语一轮复习

阅读理解+完形填空+书面表达分类综合训练

一阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

AnOceansVacuum（吸尘器）

There'sacollectionofplastictrashinthemiddleofthePacificOcean.Ifs

biggerthanTexasandgrowing.Thewaytocleanitupnowistocatchitwith

nets.Thatisbothcostlyandslow.Instead,theOceanCleanupProject

proposesa62-mile-longfloatingbarrierthatwouldusenaturalcurrentstotrap

trash.Ifnextyear'strialssucceed,afullcleanupoperationwouldaimtostart

in2022.Itcouldreducethetrashby42%over10years.

Easy-OnShoes

In2012,MatthewWalzer,ahighschoolstudentwithadisability,sent

anotetoNike.uMydreamistogotocollege,"hewrote,“withouthavingto

worryaboutsomeonecomingtotiemyshoeseveryday."Nikeassigned（指

派）adesignteamtothechallenge.Thisyear,theycameoutwiththeir

solution：theFlyEase.Thebasketballshoecanbefastenedwithonehand.A

pairofNikeFlyEaseshoessellsfor$130.

AnAirportforDrones（无人机）

AsAmazon,Google,andothersgetreadyfordronedeliveryservice,

thereisonebigquestion：Whatkindsofhomebaseswilltheirdroneshave?

Rwanda,inAfrica,mayhavetheanswer.There,workerswillsoonstart

workonthree"droneports”.Thegoalsaretomakeiteasiertotransportfood,

medicalsupplies,electronics,andothergoodsthroughthehillycountryside.

Constructionissettobecompletedin2022.

1.WhafstheadvantageoftheOceansVacuum?

A.Itcangrowyearbyyear.

B.Itcantearplasticintopieces.

C.Itcanbeputintowideusesoon.

D.Itcanusenaturalcurrentstocatchtrashintheocean.

2.Whatdoweknov/aboutNike?

A.Itdesignsnewshoesfrequently.

B.Itoffersfreeshoestothedisabled.

C.Itprovidescustomer-friendlyservices.

D.ItrespondedtoMatthewsrequestpassively.

3.WhyisRwandasettingup"droneports”？

A.Theymaketheroadtravelmoreconvenient.

B.Theymakedronedeliveryserviceeasier.

C.They'reeasiertoconstructthanroads.

D.Theyarereceptivetonewtechnology.

B

“How'sitgoing?nIaskthebarista（咖啡fl服务员）."How'syourday

been?”

“Ah,nottoobusy.Whatareyouupto?”

“Notmuch.Justreading.n

This,smalltalk,isoneofthekeyrituals（老规矩）ofAmericanUfe.lt

hastakenmeonlyadecadetomaster.

IimmigratedtotheUnitedStatesin2001,forcollege.Ibroughtonlymy

Indianexperienceindealingwithshopkeepersandteasellers.InDelhi,

whereIgrewup,whendoingbusiness,peopledon11askeachotherhowthe

othersdayhasbeen.Theymightnotevensmile.Thecustomerdoesn't

tremblebeforecomplainingabouthowcoldhisfoodis.Eachsidebelievesthe

otherwillcheathim.

“God,Mahajan,youTesorudetowaiters!"Tom,anAmericanfriend,

said,laughing,afterhewatchedmeorderingfoodatarestaurant,inthe

WestV川age,yearsago.Consideringmyselfamildandfriendlyperson,I

wassurprised.Tomalv/aysaskedservershowtheyweredoingorpraised

theirshirtsormadejokesaboutthemenu.Atthattime,thisseemed

dishonesttome.Didhereallylikewhattheywerewearing?

Americanlifeisbasedonaprinciplethatwelikeoneanotherbutwon't

violateoneanother*sprivacy.Thismakesitalandofsmalltalk.Twopeople

greeteachotherhappily,withfriendliness,butmightknoweachotherfor

yearsbeforeaskingbasicquestionsabouteachother'sbackgrounds.The

oppositeistrueofIndians.AtleastthreepeopleI'vesatnexttoonplanesto

andfromIndiahaveaskedme,withinminutes,howmuchIearnasawriter

(onlytoturnawayindisappointmentwhenItellthem).

LivinginBrooklynandtheninAustin,Texas.Imadecoffeeshopsthe

placesofmymovements.Meetingthesamebaristasdayafterdayproduced

context,andIgotpractice.Iwasbeginningtofitin.Itfeltgoodanddidn't

seemfakeanymore.

4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.Hetakesprideineverythingofhishomeland.

B.HelearnedtherealritualofAmericanlifeinashorttime.

C.HefinallygotusedtosmalltalkafteralotofpracticeinAmerica.

D.HestillthinkstheAmericanwayoftreatingstrangersisnotsincere.

5.WhatdopeopleintheUStendtodoinarestaurant?

A.Havefriendlysmalltalkwiththeservers.

B.Askiftheserversaresatisfiedwiththeirpay.

C.Complainaboutthefoodandservicedirectly.

D.Makeobjectivecommentsontheserversclothing.

6.WhatdoweknowaboutIndiansaccordingtothetext?

A.Theydon'tlikeeachothermuch.

B.Theyliveinalandofsmalltalk.

C.Theydon'tcaremuchaboutothersprivacy.

D.Theyknowlittleabouttheirfriend'sbackgrounds.

7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Culturaldifferencesbetweencountries.

B.TheauthorsstrugglewithAmericansmalltalk.

C.Smalltalkandgreatfriendship.

D.ArudeIndianinAmerica.

C

We'veallbeenthere：inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,

surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheir

smartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.

Whafstheproblem?Itspossiblethatweallhavecompromised

conversationalintelligence.Itsmorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversation

becauseitsawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingand

unnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,consider

thatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit*saninvaluablesocial

practicethatresultsinbigbenefits（好处）.

“Dismissing（摒弃）smalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecanlforget

thatdeeprelationshipswouldn*tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.

Smalltalkisthegrease（润滑齐！J）forsocialcommunication,nsaysBernardo

Carducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversity

Southeast."Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbegins

withsmalltalk,"heexplains.HThekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghow

toconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem."Inastudy,

ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeople

ontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutan

interactionwithitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.The

resultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantly

higherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.ulfsnotthat

talkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,"saidDunn."But

interactionswithperipheral（边缘的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatter

forourwell-beingalso."

Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantly

greatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelieves

developingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.uSmalltalkisthe

basisofgoodmanners,"hesays.

8.Whatisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Addictiontosmartphones.

B.Impatiencewithslowservice.

C.Unsuitablebehaviorsinpublicplaces.

D.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.

9.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?

A.Relatingtootherpeople.

B.Showinggoodmanners.

C.Makingbusinessdeals.

D.Focusingonatopic.

10.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?

A.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.

B.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.

C.Itraisespeople'sconfidence.

D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.

11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ConversationCounts

B.BenefitsofSmallTalk

C.UncomfortableSilence

D.WaysofMakingSmallTalk

D

Theworlditselfisbecomingmuchsmallerbyusingmoderntrafficand

moderncommunicationmeans.Lifetodayismucheasierthanitwas

hundredsofyearsago,butithasbroughtnewproblems.Oneofthebiggest

problemsispollution.Topollutemeanstomakethingsdirty.Pollutioncomes

inmanyways.Weseeit,smellit,drinkitandevenhearit.

Manhasbeenpollutingtheearth.Themorepeople,themorepollution.

Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnotsoseriousbecausetherewerenotso

manypeople.Whenthelandwasuseduportheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,

manmovedtoanotherplace.Butthisisnolongertrue.

Manisnowslowlypollutingthewholeworld.

Airpollutionisstillthemostserious.Itsbadforalllivingthingsintheworld,

butitisnottheonlyonekindofpollution.Waterpollutionkillsourfishand

pollutesourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesusangrymoreeasily.

Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.Theystoppeoplefrom

burningcoalinhousesandfactoriesinthecityandfromputtingdirtysmoke

intotheair.PollutionbySO2isnowthemostdangerouskindofairpollution.It

iscausedbyheavytraffic.Wearesurethatiftherearefewerpeopledriving,

therewillbelessairpollution.

Theearthisourhome.Wemusttakecareofit.Thatmeanskeepingthe

land,waterandairclean.Andwemusttakecareoftheriseinpollutionatthe

sametime.

12.Thewritersaystheworldisbecomingmuchsmallerbecauseof.

A.theriseinpollution

B.modernsciencedevelopment

C.morepeoplelivingintheworld

D.moreoftheearthcoveredbywater

13.WhatdoestheunderlinedworduitninParagraph1referto?

A.Lightpollution.B.Airpollution.

C.Noisepollution.D.Waterpollution.

14.Whyisairpollutionthoughttobethemostseriouskindofpollution?

A.Itisnoteasytogetridof.

B.Itmakesusangrymoreeasily.

C.Itmakesourriversandlakesdirty.

D.Itisbadforalllivingthingsintheworld.

15.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutpollutionaccordingtothetext?

a.Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.

b.Thepollutionoftheearthgrowsasfastastheworldpopulationdoes,

c.Airpollutionissoseriousmainlybecausemorecoalisburntbypeople,

d.PublictransportwouldbehelpfulinfightingagainsttheproblemofSO2.

A.a,b,cB.a,b,dC.a,c,dD.b,c,d

—完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以

填入空白处的最佳选项。

YouDidMoreThanCarryingMyBooks

Markwaswalkinghomefromschoolonedaywhenhenoticedtheboy

aheadofhimhaddroppedallofthebookshewascarrying,alongwitha

baseballbatandseveralotherthings.Mark_J_downandhelpedtheboy

pickupthesearticles.Sincetheyweregoingthe2way,hehelpedto

carrysomeofthemforhim.AstheywalkedMark_3_theboy'snamewas

Bill,thathe4computergames,baseballandhistory,thathewas

havingalotof_5_withhisothersubjectsandthathehadjust6up

withhisgirlfriend.

TheyarrivedatBillshomefirstandMarkwas7inforaglassofCoke

andtowatchsometelevision.Theafternoonpassed

8withafewlaughsandsomesharedsmalltalk,andthenMarkwent

home.They9toseeeachotheraroundschool,hadlunchtogether

onceortwice,andthenboth10upfromthesamehighschool.Just

threeweeksbefore11,B川askedMarkiftheycouldtalk.

B川12himofthedayyearsagowhentheyhadfirstmet.uDo

you1_3_wonderwhyIwascarryingsomanythingshomethatday?”

askedBill."Yousee,I14outmylockerbecauseIdidn'twanttoleavea

mess15anyoneelse.IhadplannedtorunawayandIwasgoinghome

to16mythings.Butafterwespentsometimetogether17and

laughing,IrealizedthatifIhaddonethat,Iwouldhave18anew

friendandallthe19_wewouldhavetogether.Soyousee,Mark,when

youpickedupmybooksthatday,youdidalotmore.You_20mylife.**

1.A.fellB.satC.layD.bent

2.A.onlyB.sameC.excitingD.remembered

3.A.discoveredB.realizedC.saidD.imagined

4.A.learnedB.lovedC.triedD.made

5.A.questionsB.ideasC.troubleD.doubt

6.A.brokenB.showedC.comeD.fixed

7.A.calledB.helpedC.invitedD.pulled

8.A.peacefullyB.willinglyC.freelyD.pleasantly

9.A.continuedB.agreedC.neededD.offered

10.A.gotB.grewC.endedD.cheered

11.A.graduationB.movementC.vacationD.divorcement

12.A.demandedB.remindedC.toldD.asked

13.A.everB.usuallyC.evenD.also

14.A.checkedB.tookC.cleanedD.put

15.A.overB.intoC.withD.for

16.A.findB.pic