血液和造血系统课件

UNIT8

HematologicalandHemopoieticSystems血液和造血系统ANEMIA血液和造血系统血液和造血系统cardiovascularresponseerythroidmarrowresponseredbloodcelloxygendeliveryclinicalfeatures血液和造血系统词缀h(a)emo-,h(a)emato-blood血haemophlilus(嗜血杆菌属)hemodynamic(血液动力的)haemoglobin(血红蛋白)●sero-serum血清serological(血清学的)seropositive(血清阳性的)seroanaphylaxis(血清过敏反应)serrochrome(血清色素)血液和造血系统●lympho-lymph淋巴lymphaden(淋巴结)lymphocyte(淋巴细胞)lymphoma(淋巴组织瘤)lymphadenitis(淋巴结炎)lymphatology(淋巴学)lymphoglanduct(淋巴管)●bill-,cholo-bile胆汁bilirubin(胆红素)biliary(胆汁、道、囊的)cholelithiasis(胆石病)biliffavin(胆黄素)biligenesis(胆汁生成)血液和造血系统hidro-,sweat汗hidradenitis(汗腺炎)hidradenoma(汗腺腺瘤)hidrorrhea(多汗大汗)hidropoiesis(汗分泌●

Immuno-immunity免疫immunology(免疫学)immunohistochemistry(免疫组化)immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)immnunity(免疫力)Immunobiology(免疫生物学)immunocatalysis(免疫化学)血液和造血系统●muco-mucus黏液mucoid(黏液样的)mucoprotein(黏蛋白)mococele(黏液囊肿)mucitis(黏膜炎)mucolipid(黏脂质)●

ven-静脉venospasm(静脉痉挛)venoclysis(静脉输注)venosclerosis(静脉硬化)血液和造血系统●ex-出，离，在…之外extravascular(血管外的)exania(脱肛)exsector(切除刀)reticul-网状组织reticulocyte(网状细胞)reticuloendothelium(网状内皮细胞)●-cytecell细胞macrocyte(巨红细胞)reticulocyte(网状细胞)血液和造血系统Anemiaspecificclassificationirondeficiencyanemia(缺铁性贫血)hemorrhagicanemia(出血性贫血)hemolyticanemia(溶血性贫血)megaloblasticanemia(巨幼红细胞性血)aplasticanemia(再生障碍性贫血)血液和造血系统

巨幼红细胞贫血再生不良性贫血营养性贫血缺铁性贫血megaloblasticanemianonnutritiveanemiaregenerationmaladaptiveanemiairondeficiencyanemia血液和造血系统anemiapathologicalreasonanalysis血液和造血系统CardiovascularresponsePain,fever,oravasovagalresponseVasovagalsyncopereactiontoapainfulinjuryanxietyinitiatedbyacutebloodloss血液和造血系统symtomsandsignsofbloodvolumelossesintheadultpercentlost(%)Volumelost(ml)symptomssigns<20<1000+/-anxiety+/-vasovagalreaction20~301000~1500anxiety,exerciseintolerance,mayfaintonstandingorthostatichypotension,exertionaltachycardia30~401500~2000syncopewhensitsorstandsorthostatic,anxious,tachycardicatrest>40>2000anxious,reatless,oftenconfused,maybeshortofbreathhypovolemicshock,fallinsupinebloodpressure,tachycardicwithcool,clammyskin血液和造血系统ErythroidmarrowresponseThecapacityofmarrowtoresponddependson:theleveloferythropoietinstimulationthepresenceofanormalcomplementoferythroidprecursorsinanormalmarrowstructureanaduquatesupplyofiron血液和造血系统Erythropoieticresponsetoacutehemorrhage1-2daysafterbleed3-6daysafterbleed7-10daysafterbleedmarrowreticulocyteshift(polychromasia)++++++reticulocyteproductionindex(timesnormal)11-2>2-3E/Gratio1:31:1>1:1血液和造血系统RedbloodcelloxygendeliveryBohreffect波尔效应

PHvalueorH+CO2concentrationandthechangesinthedifferentialpressurehemoglobincombinedwithoxygenability,theinfluenceofbloodpHvaluereducedorpCO2rise,maketheaffinitytoreduceHbO2,inanypO2nextHboxygensaturationalllowersoxygenfromcurverightshift,conversely,pHvalueriseorpCO2decreasetoincreasetheaffinityofHbO2,inanypO2nextHboxygensaturationincreased,oxygenfromcurvemovesleft.PHagainstHboxygenacceptorthiseffectiscalledBohreffect.血液和造血系统hemoglobin-oxygendissoiationcurve血液和造血系统ClinicalfeaturesSeverityofthebleedRateandsiteofthebleedCapacityofthepatienttorespond血液和造血系统TCMsyndromedifferentiationofanemiaTraditionalChinesemedicinewithoutanemianame,butthepresentfromtheclinicalsyndrome,suchaspallor,bodytiredweakness,palpitations,shortnessofbreath,dizziness,spirit,depressed,pulseseefinelikewhilesimilarto"hemopenia","Yin"thedisease.Generalbutwillanemiadelimit"hemopenia"or"virtualfatiguewubloodthecategoryof",and"virtualfatigue"isvisceralosses,thevarietyofchronicdiseasescausedbyweakweakenedthefloorboardof.血液和造血系统matterneedsattention:(1)wantreasonabledietnutrition,foodmustbediversified,recipeswantswide,shouldnotbejunkfood.(2)dietacrimony,coldtodigestfood.Peacetimecancooperatewithtonicdietotherapytimebody.(3)dietshouldrule,haveabstemious,forbiddenover-eating.(4)combiningexertion,properphysicalactivity血液和造血系统Homelybloodfoodblackbean（黑豆）carrot（胡萝卜）daylily（金针菜）s