2025秋 名师金典高考总复习 英语 课件10　第一部分　必修第二册　UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS

第一部分教材知识讲练必修第二册UNIT4

HISTORYANDTRADITIONS续写语料积累背诵·句之美1.(神态描写)Edwardheldtheballwithsweatyhands,standingonthecourtnervously.2.(景物描写)Itwasasunnyday,withablue,cloudlessskyoveracalmsea.3.(人物描写)Theelegantlydressedwomanappearedtobeinherlateseventies.续写语料积累欣赏·语之秀Uponseeingthetwoboys,theirparentsdashedtowrapthemintheirarms.Allthefear,coldandevenpainwereseeminglydrivenawaybythereunionwiththeirparents.JeremyandIanburstintotears,sobbingoutwhathadhappenedinthisadventure.语基自主检测·目标确立核心单词1.____________vt.宣布；通知；声称2.__________vt.保证；确保；担保3.________vi.&vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动

n.卷(轴)；翻滚4.________vt.问候；迎接5.________n.人群；一群人；民众

vt.挤满；使……拥挤6._______adj.最重要的；最高级别的

n.(公司或机构的)首领；酋长7.__________n.战役；搏斗

vi.&vt.搏斗；奋斗announceensurerollgreetcrowdchiefbattle核心单词8.____________n.祖宗；祖先9.____________n.位置；姿态；职位

vt.安装；安置10.__________n.风俗；习俗；习惯ancestorpositioncustom语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.Theyareintroducingnewmeasures____________(ensure)thesmoothrunningofthebusiness.2.TheKingwasonaprivatevisittoenablehimtoprayatthetombsofhis____________(ancestor).3.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Nicoloandanotherbidder__________(battle)untilNicolofinallywonthepaintingsfor$32.4.Thepolice__________(chief)weregatheredinaconferenceroomtodiscusstherecentriseincrimerates.toensureancestorsbattledchiefs语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)5.Theycalculatedthat__________(roll)theblockrequiredaboutasmuchforceasmovingitalongaslipperypath.6.Whensheopenedthedoor,she________________(greet)withastormofapplause.7.ThemomentIsawtheoldphoto,memoriesofmychildhoodcame____________(crowd)in.8.(2022·全国乙卷)First______________(announce)inApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity.rollingwasgreetedcrowdingannounced派生单词1.puzzlevt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题→____________adj.令人迷惑的→__________adj.迷惑不解的2.surroundvt.围绕；包围→________________adj.周围的→__________________[pl.]n.周围的事物；环境3.evidencen.证据；证明→__________adj.明显的；清楚的→____________adv.明显地；显然4.achievevt.完成；达到→________________n.成就；成绩；达到5.eageradj.热切的；渴望的→____________n.热切；渴望6.locatevt.把……安置在；定位→___________n.地方；地点；位置puzzlingpuzzledsurroundingsurroundingsevidentevidentlyachievementeagernesslocation语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.There'sa__________expressiononthelittlegirl'sfacebecausea____________problem__________her.(puzzle)2.____________byaforest,thevillagehasbeautiful_______________,whichattractmanyvisitorsfromthe________________areas.(surround)3.Quite____________,allthe____________youhavecollectedcannotprovehimguilty.(evident)4.Imanaged______________mydreamofbeingadmittedtouniversity,whichgavemeawonderfulsenseof________________.(achieve)puzzledpuzzlingpuzzlesSurroundedsurroundingssurroundingevidentlyevidencetoachieveachievement语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)5.Iwokeupearlyandrushedoutofthedoorinmy____________togettoknowmynewschool.(eager)6.Theprime____________inacityisusuallywhereluxuryhotelsare__________,providingeverypossibleconveniencefortourists.(locate)eagernesslocationlocated高频短语1.__________________把……和……连接或联结起来2.____________________________脱离；背叛；逃脱3.____________属于4.______________同(一样也)；和；还5.____________________________________留心；留意6.____________接管；掌管7.__________________留下；抛下；把……抛在后面join...to...breakaway(from...)belongtoaswellaskeepone'seyesopen(for)takeoverleavebehind语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改)Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,theworkoutpartnermust____________thesamegym.2.Thewomanfeltthatshewasluckyenough_______________________herawfulmarriage.3.Themenucontainedtraditionalfavourites_________________moreadventurousdishes.4.Librariesoftenhavecomputers____________theInternet,towhichreadershaveeasyaccess.5.Sailorswerewarnedthattheyshould___________________________achangeinthewind'sdirection.belongtotobreakawayfromaswellasjoinedtokeeptheireyesopenfor原句结构辨识写作佳句背诵1.way后面跟定语从句TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.他羞愧地低下头，显然意识到自己在购物中心的行为方式不恰当。Hebowedhisheadinshame,apparently____________________________attheshoppingcentrewasinappropriate.(续写之动作描写)awareofthewayhebehaved原句结构辨识写作佳句背诵2.morethan非常；很Andifyouintroduceyourselftoafriendlyface,youaremorethanlikelytoexperiencelocalcultureandcustomsfirst-hand.听说你想让你11岁的女儿来中国学习书法，我非常高兴。_____________________________thatyouwantyour11-year-olddaughtertocometoChinatostudyChinesecalligraphy.(应用文之建议信)I'mmorethanhappytolearn考点归纳探究·精准讲练1.charge[课本义]n.收费；指控；主管

vt.收费；控告；充电[增补义]vi.猛冲；冲锋①Ijustcouldn'timaginesuchakindmanasTombeingcharged_______theft.②(2024·浙江1月卷)Studentscantakecharge____theirownfitnessbysettingpersonalgoalsorparticipateingroupchallengestofosterteamwork.③Ifyourcardhasbeenlost,afeeof￡5_____________(charge)fortheproductionofareplacementcard.withofischarged那只饥饿的老虎突然发出一声咆哮，一跃而起，张着血盆大口扑向小羊羔。Withasuddenroar,thehungrytiger____________________________________________,openingitsmouthfullofsharpteeth.sprangtoitsfeetandchargedatthelittlelamb

takechargeof...掌管/负责……

inchargeof...控制/管理……

inthechargeofsb/inone'scharge由某人管理或负责

charge(sb)for...(向某人)收取……的费用

chargesbwith(doing)sth控告某人(做了)某事

fixmybikefreeofcharge免费给我修自行车

bechargedwithabuseofpower被控滥用职权

comechargingintomyroom冲进我的房间2.approachn.方法；途径；接近

vt.接近；接洽；着手处理

vi.靠近①(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Notseeingorhearinganyfireengines__________(approach),Grantrushedtoasideentranceandranupthestairs.②Allthethreeteamsadopteddifferentapproaches____theproblem,buttheywereallimmediatesuccesses.③China'sapproachto_________(protect)itsenvironmentwhilefeedingitscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.approachingtoprotecting(普通表达)Asspringcomesnear,flowersarebloomingandtreesareturninggreen.(高级表达)Asspring______________,flowersarebloomingandtreesareturninggreen.approaches

anapproachto(doing)sth(做)某事的方法/途径；……的通道/入口

attheapproachof在快到……的时候

approachsb/sth靠近或接近某人/某物

approaching/drawingnear/aroundthecorner即将来临

acorrectapproachtotheproblemofglobalwarming应对全球变暖问题的正确方法

differentapproachestobringingupchildren养育子女的不同方法

withthedeadlineapproaching随着最后期限的临近3.amount[课本义]n.金额；数量[增补义]vi.合计；共计①(2021·全国甲卷)Clothingtakes___hugeamountofnaturalresourcestomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothingisnothealthyfortheenvironment.②Itwastiringwork,butIlookedforwardtothepay,eventhoughIwasn'tsurehowmuchitwouldamount____.③Makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimes______amountofwater.atothe适量睡眠对保持健康的体重很重要。①______________________________isimportantforthemaintenanceofhealthyweight.②___________________________areimportantforthemaintenanceofhealthyweight.AnappropriateamountofsleepAppropriateamountsofsleep

alarge/huge/smallamountof大量的/少量的

large/huge/smallamountsof大量的/少量的

theamountof...……的数量

amountto总计；合计；等同；接近

fleewithalargeamountofcash携带大量现金出逃

consumelargeamountsoffossilfuels消耗大量化石燃料

containtwicetheamountofvitaminC含有两倍的维生素C

amounttoroughly$5,000总计约5千美元4.belongto[课本义]属于[增补义]是……的成员；是……的一部分①(2025·浙江1月卷)Totheirsurprise,themancouldprovideevidencethattheitems____________(belong)tohim,includingtheinitialsonthewatch.②Beforejoiningthearmyhespentalotoftimeinthevillage____whichhebelonged.③Inmanycases,theclothespeoplewearidentifythemas____________(belong)toaparticularsocialclass.belongedtobelonging李明家的这所房子可追溯到清朝早期。①Thehouse,______________________________________,datesbacktotheearlyQingDynasty.(定语从句)②Thehouse__________________________________datesbacktotheearlyQingDynasty.(分词短语)whichbelongstoLiMing'sfamilybelongingtoLiMing'sfamily

belongto不用于进行时态或被动语态。

belong后接here,there,where,together等副词时，不可使用介词to。

belongingn.归属

belongingsn.所有物；财产

putthebookbackwhereitbelongs把书放回原处

developasenseofculturalbelonging培养文化归属感

takecareofyourpersonalbelongings保管好你的个人物品5.[教材原句]TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡，并对法律制度进行了修改。①(2022·全国乙卷)Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevels______(cut)bymanufacturers.②IfanyonehappenstodropinwhileIamout,havehimorher_______(leave)amessage.③Theboyhadthelight__________(burn)allnightlong,pretendinghewasworkinghard.cutleaveburning(普通表达)WillyousuggestagoodwaytoimprovemywrittenEnglishinashortperiodoftime?(高级表达)Willyousuggestagoodwayto__________________________________inashortperiodoftime？(have＋宾语＋宾补)havemywrittenEnglishimprovedhave...done结构表示三种意义：(1)(主语)请/派别人完成某事；(2)(主语)完成某事(可能参与)；(3)(主语)遭受某种不好的情况。此时，done与前面的名词或代词之间是被动关系。注意下列区别：havesbdosth“让某人做某事”，havesb/sthdoing“让某人一直在做某事/让某事一直发生”。IwillhavetohaveaphototakenrightnowbecauseIneedanewpassport.我得马上去拍张照片，因为我需要一本新护照。6.[教材原句]Itsbeautifulcountrysideexcitesandinspiresall,offeringsomethingforeachofthesenses.它美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感，满足各种感官享受。①Foraverylongmoment,thistinycreaturelookedintomyeyes,__________(turn)herheadfromsidetoside.②(2023·全国甲卷)Ifprecautionsaren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimes________(kill)farmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.③Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,________(line)byspacioushomesandwalledgardens.turningkillinglined整个晚上，那男子滔滔不绝，提出各种想法和意见，而他妻子则默默地坐在他的旁边。Throughouttheeveningthemanwasverytalkative,____________________________________whilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehim.offeringvariousideasandopinions动词-ing形式可以在句子中充当伴随状语，此时分词动作与句子的谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生，且与句子的主语之间是主动关系。过去分词也可作伴随状语，只是与句子的主语之间是被动关系。Onthelastdayofourstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaconcertonabeautifulfarm,listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.在我们逗留的最后一天，我们应邀出席了在一个美丽的农场举行的音乐会，聆听音乐家的演奏，并会见了一些有趣的当地人。7.[教材原句]Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes,withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。①Then,withoneendofarope________(tie)tohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,Ziyadbeganclimbing.②(2023·全国甲卷改)________millionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojects,morethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthesummerdaystogetjobsdone.③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷改)Withover2,500bikes__________(store)inourfiverentalshops,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.tiedWithstored夜晚，古镇显得宁静祥和，街头巷尾装饰着五颜六色的灯笼。Theoldtownlooksquietandpeacefulatnight,withitsstreetsandlanes________________________________.decoratedwithcolourfullanterns“with＋宾语＋done”是with复合结构的一种形式，此时宾语与done之间是被动关系，且分词动作已完成。with复合结构还有“with＋宾语＋doing”“with＋宾语＋todo”“with＋宾语＋形容词/介词短语/名词”等形式。Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction,withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.6800种语言中已经有超过400种濒临消失，只剩下为数不多的老年人还会说。多维强基固本·达标训练Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。1.MyphoneispoweroffbecauseIforgottogetit__________(charge)lastnight.2.When________________(approach)thecentreofthetown,wesawastonestatueofabout10metresinheight.3.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulesbynowforyou'vehadit____________(explain)oftenenough.chargedapproachingexplained4.Becauseacollegecommunitydiffersfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseof____________(belong).5.You'remorelikelytosufferjointdiseasesifyouwearaskirtwithyourlegs__________(expose)tothecoldforalongtime.6.(2023·浙江1月卷改)Istuffedapieceofclothintotheholeandtookthebirdoutside,__________(close)thedoorsecurelybehindme.belongingexposedclosingⅡ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1.I'dliketoknowhowmuchyoucharge______yourservicesbeforeImakeareservation.2.Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproaches___thestudyofmathematics.3.Inthesummerof2016,aterriblefloodbroke______insouthernChina,causinggreatlosses.4.Theprojectalsoresultedinareductionin______amountofmedicinesusedtoperformmedical-imagingprocedures.fortoouttheⅢ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)1.(2023·全国甲卷)ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasamalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.___A.收费 B.指控 C.冲锋2.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thewindpickedupandthunderrolled.___A.翻滚 B.发出隆隆声 C.在原地打转3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.___A.着手处理；对付 B.联系；接洽 C.接近；靠近CBAⅣ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)1.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.

本句是一个复合句，可简化为：Thekeyfinding...wasthat...theaveragesfrom...weremoreaccuratethanthosefrom...。句中的第一个that引导的是______从句，该从句中，when引导_________从句，that引导______从句，而主句使用了比较结构more...than...。[尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________表语时间状语定语这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，来自这些小组的平均值比来自同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。2.(2023·全国甲卷)NothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeoplewhothinktheyunderstandFoucault,Baudrillard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou—andthentrytoexplainthem.

本句是一个复合句，可简化为：Nothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeoplewhothinktheyunderstand...andthentry...。句中的who引导出一个______从句，think后又跟一个省略了that的______从句，该从句中的understand和try是并列______。[尝试翻译]____________________________________________________________________________________________________________定语宾语谓语有一群人自认为比你更懂福柯、鲍德里亚或孔子，还试图向你解读他们，没有什么比这更能扼杀你对哲学的热爱了。写作提能培优·进阶训练Step1.单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)①去年，我和家人有幸参观了孔子的故乡曲阜。Lastyear,myfamilyandIhadtheopportunity____________________________________________.②这是一个小城市，地理位置优越，交通便利，周边的风景优美。It'sasmallcityblessedwithan_________________________________,convenienttransportationand______________________________.tovisitQufu,thehometownofConfuciusexcellentgeographicallocationbreathtakingsurroundinglandscapes③由于孔子的缘故，再加上当地有大量的旅游资源，国内外有很多人都渴望去曲阜游玩。BecauseofConfucius,coupledwith___________________________________________,manypeoplebothathomeandabroad________________________________.④该城市的民风淳朴，市民热情而大方。____________________________aresimpleandthecitizensareknownfortheir____________________________.⑤这座迷人的城市给无数游客留下了深刻的印象！________________________________________oncountlesstourists!largeamountsoflocaltourismresourcesareeagertogotoQufuforavisitThecity'sfolkcustomswarmthandgenerosityThisfascinatingcityhasleftadeepimpressionStep2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lastyear，myfamilyandIhadtheopportunitytovisitQufu，theh