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2024年6月大学英语四级题目答案及原文第2套一、听力理解(ListeningComprehension)SectionA新闻报道(NewsReports)NewsReport1原文:ThelatestdatafromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)showsthatthenumberofplasticparticlesinthePacificOceanhasincreasedby30%overthepastfiveyears.Researcherscollectedwatersamplesfrom200pointsacrossthePacificGarbagePatch—aregiontwicethesizeofTexaswheremarinedebrisaccumulates.Microplastics,definedasparticlessmallerthan5millimeters,nowmakeup85%ofthedebris.Dr.MariaSantos,leadingthestudy,warnedthattheseparticlesnotonlyharmmarinelifebybeingingestedbutalsoenterthehumanfoodchainthroughseafood."Wefoundmicroplasticsin90%ofthefishsamplestestedincoastalmarketsnearthepatch,"shesaid.Thereportalsohighlightedthatsingle-useplastics,suchasplasticbagsandbeveragebottles,accountfor60%ofthedebris.Toaddressthis,NOAAiscollaboratingwithinternationalorganizationstopushforstricterregulationsonplasticproductionandpromotealternativeslikebiodegradablematerials.题目:1.WhatisthemainfindingoftheNOAAreport?A)ThesizeofthePacificGarbagePatchhasdoubled.B)Microplasticsnowmakeup85%ofmarinedebrisinthePacific.C)Over90%offishincoastalmarketscontainmicroplastics.D)Single-useplasticsarebannedinthePacificregion.答案:B解析:新闻明确提到“Microplastics...nowmakeup85%ofthedebris”,直接对应选项B。A选项错误,因原文说垃圾带面积是“twicethesizeofTexas”(固定描述),而非“doubled”(翻倍);C选项是研究细节,非主要发现;D选项未提及。NewsReport2原文:Anewappdesignedtohelppeoplewithdyslexiahaswonthe"InnovativeTechnologyforInclusion"awardattheGlobalTechSummit.Called"ReadEase,"theappusesAItoadjusttextdisplayinrealtime.Foruserswithdyslexia,whooftenstrugglewithletterinversion(e.g.,confusing"b"and"d")orvisualfatigue,ReadEasecanchangefontstyles,increasespacingbetweenletters,andhighlightwordsastheyarereadaloud.Testswith500dyslexicusersshoweda40%improvementinreadingspeedanda35%reductioninreadingerrorsaftertwoweeksofuse.Theapp'screator,Dr.LiWei,acomputerscientistwithadyslexicbrother,said,"Traditionalsolutionslikecoloredoverlaysarenotpersonalized.ReadEaselearnseachuser'sspecificdifficultiesthroughdailypracticeandadaptsitssettingsautomatically."Theappwillbeavailableforfreedownloadnextmonth,withapremiumversionofferingadvancedfeaturesfor$4.99permonth.题目:2.WhatisspecialabouttheReadEaseapp?A)Itusescoloredoverlaystoreducevisualfatigue.B)Itpersonalizestextdisplaybasedonusers'needs.C)Itprovidesfreeadvancedfeaturesforallusers.D)Ithelpsuserswithdyslexiawritemoreaccurately.答案:B解析:关键句“ReadEaselearnseachuser'sspecificdifficulties...andadaptsitssettingsautomatically”说明其核心是个性化调整,对应B。A是传统方法,非该应用特点;C错误,因高级功能需付费;D未提及,应用针对“reading”而非“writing”。SectionB长对话(LongConversations)Conversation1原文:M:Hi,Sarah!Isawyousigningupforthe"CareerPlanningWorkshop"thismorning.Isthatfortheinternshipapplicationseason?W:Yeah,exactly.Ineedtopolishmyresumeandpracticeinterviewskills.Lastyear,Iappliedto10companiesbutonlygotoneinterview,andImesseditup.Thistime,Iwanttobebetterprepared.M:Igetit.TheworkshopiseveryWednesdayfrom3to5p.m.,right?Iwasthinkingofjoiningtoo,butIhaveapart-timejobatthelibrarythen.Doyouknowiftheyrecordthesessions?W:Theydo!Theorganizertoldmetheyuploadrecordingstotheuniversity’slearningplatformwithin24hours.Youcanwatchthemlater.Oh,andthere’saguestspeakernextweek—Ms.Liu,who’stheHRmanageratatoptechfirm.She’llsharetipson"HowtoStandOutinaRemoteInterview."M:Thatsoundsgreat.Remoteinterviewsaresocommonnow.IbombedmylastonebecauseIdidn’ttesttheinternetconnectionbeforehand,andthevideokeptfreezing.W:Metoo!IworeacasualT-shirt,andtheinterviewermentioned,"Nicetoseeyou,evenifit’svirtual—dresscodesstillmatter."Ifeltsoembarrassed.M:Sotheworkshopcoversbothresumewritingandinterviewetiquette?W:Yes,andtheyalsohaveone-on-onesessionswithcareeradvisors.Youneedtobookinadvance,though.Theslotsfillupquickly.M:I’llcheckthelearningplatformtonight.Thanksfortheinfo,Sarah!题目:3.WhydidthemanconsiderjoiningtheCareerPlanningWorkshop?A)Toimprovehisresumeandinterviewskills.B)Togetadviceonchoosingapart-timejob.C)Tolearnhowtorecordonlinesessions.D)TomeettheHRmanagerofatechfirm.答案:A解析:对话开头Sarah提到参加工作坊是为“polishmyresumeandpracticeinterviewskills”,而男士询问工作坊时间,后续讨论内容均围绕简历和面试准备,故A正确。4.Whatproblemdidthemanhaveinhislastremoteinterview?A)Hedressedinappropriately.B)Hisinternetconnectionwaspoor.C)Heforgottopreparequestions.D)Thevideocamerawasbroken.答案:B解析:男士说“IbombedmylastonebecauseIdidn’ttesttheinternetconnectionbeforehand,andthevideokeptfreezing”,直接对应B。A是Sarah的问题,非男士。SectionC篇章(Passages)Passage1原文:Sleepisoftenundervalued,butrecentstudiesshowitplaysacriticalroleinacademicperformance.AteamfromHarvardUniversitytracked1,200collegestudentsovertwosemesters,monitoringtheirsleeppatternsandexamscores.Theresultswerestriking:studentswhoslept7-8hoursnightlyhadanaverageGPAof3.5,comparedto3.1forthosesleepinglessthan6hours."Sleepiswhenthebrainconsolidatesnewinformation,"explainedDr.EmilyCarter,theleadresearcher."Withoutenoughsleep,studentsstruggletoretainwhattheylearnedinclassandperformpoorlyunderexampressure."Thestudyalsofoundthatirregularsleepschedules—goingtobedat2a.m.onweekdaysand5a.m.onweekends—wereasharmfulasinsufficientsleep."Yourbody’sinternalclock,orcircadianrhythm,needsconsistency,"Dr.Carteradded."Evenifyou‘catchup’onsleepovertheweekend,thedailydisruptionweakensmemoryandfocus."Toimprovesleepquality,theresearcherssuggestedavoidingscreensanhourbeforebed(bluelightsuppressesmelatonin,thesleephormone)andkeepingthebedroomcool(18-20°Cisideal)."Smallchangescanmakeabigdifference,"saidDr.Carter."Studentswhoadjustedtheirhabitssawa0.3increaseinGPAwithinamonth."题目:5.WhatisthemainconclusionoftheHarvardstudy?A)Irregularsleepislessharmfulthaninsufficientsleep.B)Sufficientandregularsleepimprovesacademicperformance.C)Studentsshouldavoidnappingduringtheday.D)Screentimebeforebedhelpsregulatecircadianrhythm.答案:B解析:研究结果指出“7-8小时睡眠的学生GPA更高”且“不规律睡眠同样有害”,核心是充足且规律的睡眠对学业的积极影响,选B。A与原文“irregularsleep...wereasharmful”矛盾;C未提及;D错误,因蓝光抑制褪黑素,应避免屏幕。二、阅读理解(ReadingComprehension)SectionA选词填空(WordinContext)原文:Urbangreenspaces,suchasparksandcommunitygardens,aremorethanjustplacestorelax.They26urbanheatislands,reduceairpollution,andevenboostmentalhealth.ArecentstudypublishedinNaturefoundthatcitieswith30%greencoveragehave15%lowersummertemperaturesthanthosewithlessthan10%.Thisisbecauseplants27waterthroughtheirleaves,aprocesscalledtranspiration,whichcoolsthesurroundingair.Beyondcooling,greenspacesactas"28filters."Treesabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen,whilegrassesandshrubstrapdustparticles.InBeijing,forexample,theexpansionoftheOlympicForestParkhas29PM2.5levelsby20%innearbyareas.Psychologistsalsohighlightthe30benefits.Asurveyof500citydwellersshowedthatthosewhovisitedgreenspacesatleastthreetimesaweekreportedlowerstresslevelsandbetterconcentration."Naturehasa31effectonthebrain,"saidDr.Liu,apsychologist."Itreducesactivityintheamygdala,thepartofthebrainassociatedwithanxiety."However,manycitiesface32inexpandinggreenspaces.Landisscarce,andmaintainingparksrequiresfunding.To33this,somecitiesareturningto"verticalgardens"—plantsgrownonbuildingwalls.Theseuselessspacebutprovidesimilar34.InSingapore,verticalgardensnowcover10%ofhigh-risebuildings,contributingtothecity’sgoalofbeinga"CityinaGarden."Asurbanpopulationscontinuetogrow,prioritizinggreenspacesis35forsustainabledevelopment.选项:A)absorbB)challengesC)crucialD)dramaticE)functionsF)identifiedG)mitigateH)psychologicalI)reducedJ)releasedK)solveL)spiritualM)thermalN)uniqueO)water答案及解析:26.G(mitigate):根据上下文“reduceairpollution”,此处需“缓解”城市热岛效应的动词,mitigate(减轻)符合。27.A(absorb):植物通过叶子“吸收”水分进行蒸腾作用,absorb正确。28.M(thermal):与前文“cooling”呼应,thermalfilters(热过滤器)指调节温度的功能。29.I(reduced):北京奥林匹克森林公园的扩建“降低”了PM2.5,选reduced。30.H(psychological):后文提到压力降低、注意力提升,属心理益处,选psychological。31.D(dramatic):“Naturehasadramaticeffect”(显著影响)符合语境。32.B(challenges):“facechallenges”(面临挑战)指扩绿的困难。33.K(solve):“Tosolvethis”(为解决此问题)引出垂直花园的方案。34.E(functions):垂直花园提供“类似功能”,选functions。35.C(crucial):“至关重要的”可持续发展,crucial正确。SectionB段落匹配(InformationMatching)原文(节选段落):[A]In2023,theglobalsalesofsmarthomedevicesreached$150billion,up25%fromthepreviousyear.Thisgrowthisdrivenbyproductslikesmartspeakers,thermostats,andsecuritycameras,whichallowuserstocontroltheirhomesviavoicecommandsormobileapps.[B]Oneofthemostpopularsmarthomefeaturesisenergymanagement.Smartthermostats,suchasNest,learnusers’temperaturepreferencesandadjustheating/coolingautomatically.Studiesshowtheycanreduceenergybillsby10-15%.[C]However,securityconcernsarerising.AreportbyCyberSafefoundthat40%ofsmartdeviceshaveweakencryption,makingthemvulnerabletohacking.In2022,ahackeraccessedafamily’sbabymonitorandplayedloudnoises,causingdistress.[D]Forelderlyusers,smarthometechnologyoffersgreaterindependence.Falldetectorssendalertstocaregiverswhenapersonfalls,whilesmartpilldispensersreminduserstotakemedicationontime.AsurveyinJapanshowedthat75%ofseniorsusingsuchdevicesfeltsaferathome.[E]Thefutureofsmarthomesliesininteroperability.Currently,devicesfromdifferentbrands(e.g.,AmazonEchoandGoogleHome)oftendon’tworktogether.Companiesarenowdevelopinguniversalstandardstoconnectalldevicesthroughasingleplatform.题目(部分):36.Smartthermostatscanhelpuserssaveonenergycosts.37.Interoperabilityiskeytothefurtherdevelopmentofsmarthometechnology.38.Securityissueshavebecomeamajorconcernduetoweakencryptioninsmartdevices.答案:36-B;37-E;38-C解析:36题对应B段“reduceenergybillsby10-15%”;37题E段明确提到“future...liesininteroperability”;38题C段指出“securityconcerns...weakencryption”。SectionC仔细阅读(ReadinginDepth)Passage1原文:Mentalhealthamongcollegestudentshasbecomeapressingissue.A2024surveybytheAmericanCollegeHealthAssociationfoundthat45%ofstudentsreported"overwhelminganxiety,"and20%hadconsideredself-harminthepastyear.Themaintriggersincludeacademicpressure,financialstress,andsocialisolation,especiallyamonginternationalstudents.Universitiesarerespondingwithnewinitiatives.AtStanfordUniversity,"WellnessWednesdays"replaceafternoonclasseswithyoga,arttherapy,andworkshopsontimemanagement.Attendancehasdoubledsincetheprogramstartedtwoyearsago."Studentsneedmorethanjustacademicsupport,"saidDeanLindaKim."Theyneedspacestoprocesstheiremotionswithoutjudgment."Anothereffectiveapproachispeercounseling.Trainedstudentvolunteersmeetwithpeersweeklytodiscussstressandprovidecopingstrategies.AstudyatUCLAshowedthatstudentswhoparticipatedinpeercounselingforthreemonthshada30%lowerrateofanxiety-relatedabsencesthanthosewhodidn’t.However,accesstomentalhealthservicesremainsunequal.Studentsfromlow-incomefamiliesarelesslikelytouseon-campuscounselingduetostigmaorfearofconfidentialityissues.Toaddressthis,someuniversitiesareofferingfreeonlinetherapysessions,whicharemoreaccessibleandanonymous.题目:39.Whatisthemainproblemdiscussedinthepassage?A)Thehighcostofcollegeeducation.B)Mentalhealthchallengesamongcollegestudents.C)Thelackofpeersupportoncampuses.D)Theineffectivenessoftraditionalcounseling.答案:B解析:首句“Mentalhealthamongcollegestudentshasbecomeapressingissue”点明主题,选B。40.Whatisanadvantageofonlinetherapysessionsmentioned?A)Theyareledbyprofessionalpsychologists.B)Theyaremoreaccessibleandanonymous.C)Theyreplacetraditionalclassroomlearning.D)Theyfocusonacademictimemanagement.答案:B解析:末段“freeonlinetherapysessions,whicharemoreaccessibleandanonymous”直接对应B。三、翻译(Translation)原文(汉译英)中国的陶瓷文化历史悠久,可追溯至新石器时代。早在唐代,瓷器就通过丝绸之路远销海外,成为中外贸易的重要商品。景德镇被称为“瓷都”,其瓷器以“白如玉、明如镜、薄如纸、声如磬”闻名。如今,传统制瓷工艺与现代技术结合,既保留了手工制作的细腻,又提高了生产效率。许多年轻工匠致力于传承这门技艺,让陶瓷文化在当代焕发光彩。参考译文:China’sceramicculturehasalonghistory,datingbacktotheNeolithicAge.AsearlyastheTangDynasty,porcelainwasexportedoverseasviatheSilkRoad,becominganimportantcommodityinSino-foreigntrade.Jingdezhen,knownasthe"PorcelainCapital,"isfamousforitsporcelainwithcharacteristicsof"whiteasjade,brightasamirror,thinaspaper,andresonantasachime."Today,traditionalporcelain-makingtechniquesareintegratedwithmoderntechnology,notonlypreservingthedelicacyofhandcraftingbutalsoimprovingproductionefficiency.Manyyoungcraftsmen

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