2025年九年级暑假预习仁爱科普版英语九年级上册Unit2 Saving the earth练习（含答案）

暑假学习仁爱版英语九年级上册Unit2SavingtheEarth一、核心词汇(KeyVocabulary)环境相关:1.environment/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/(n.环境)7.affect/əˈfekt/(v.影响)(通常指直接的、产生效果的影响)13.reuse/ˌriːˈjuːz/(v.再利用)2.pollution/pəˈluːʃn/(n.污染)air/water/noise/soilpollution(空气/水/噪音/土壤污染)8.destroy/dɪˈstrɔɪ/(v.破坏，毁灭)destruction(n.破坏)14.produce/prəˈdjuːs/(v.生产；产生)product(n.产品)production(n.生产)3.pollute/pəˈluːt/(v.污染)polluted(adj.被污染的)9.waste/weɪst/(n.废物；v.浪费)wasteful(adj.浪费的)15.prevent/prɪˈvent/(v.防止，预防)prevention(n.预防)4.protect/prəˈtekt/(v.保护)protection(n.保护)10.resource/rɪˈsɔːs/(n.资源)naturalresources(自然资源)16.improve/ɪmˈpruːv/(v.改善，提高)5.harm/hɑːm/(n./v.危害)harmful(adj.有害的)harmless(adj.无害的)11.recycle/ˌriːˈsaɪkl/(v.回收利用)recycling(n.回收利用)17.scientist/ˈsaɪəntɪst/(n.科学家)6.influence/ˈɪnfluəns/(n./v.影响)(通常指较深远的、潜移默化的影响)12.reduce/rɪˈdjuːs/(v.减少)18.research/rɪˈsɜːtʃ/(n./v.研究)问题与现象:1.problem/ˈprɒbləm/(n.问题)3.result/rɪˈzʌlt/(n.结果；v.导致)asaresult(结果)5.change/tʃeɪndʒ/(n./v.改变)2.cause/kɔːz/(n.原因；v.引起)4.situation/ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/(n.情况，形势)6.health/helθ/(n.健康)healthy(adj.健康的)解决方案与行动:1.action/ˈækʃn/(n.行动)takeaction(采取行动)3.should/ʃʊd/(modalv.应该)5.oughtto/ˈɔːttə/(modalv.应该)(语气比should稍强)2.way/weɪ/(n.方式，方法)4.must/mʌst/(modalv.必须)6.duty/ˈdjuːti/(n.责任)It'sourdutyto...(做...是我们的责任)其他常用词:1.several/ˈsevrəl/(adj.几个，数个)2.none/nʌn/(pron.没有一个)3.比较级/最高级:worse/wɜːs/(bad的比较级),worst/wɜːst/(bad的最高级)词汇学习建议：按主题分类记忆（如污染类、行动类、问题类）。2.注意动词、名词、形容词形式的变化和联系（如pollute→pollution→polluted）。3.制作单词卡片（纸质或使用App如Anki），利用碎片时间复习。4.尝试用新单词造句，结合环保主题。二、重点句型(KeySentencePatterns)1.描述问题(DescribingProblems):1）Therebe+问题:Thereistoomuchair/water/noisepollution.(存在太多空气/水/噪音污染。)2）...cause(s)/produce(s)/lead(s)to...Factoriescausealotofpollution.(工厂造成大量污染。)/Burningcoalproducesharmfulgases.(燃烧煤炭产生有害气体。)/Cuttingdowntreesleadstosoilerosion.(砍伐树木导致水土流失。)...isharmfulto...Airpollutionisharmfultoourhealth.(空气污染对我们的健康有害。)...hasabad/greatinfluence/effecton...Pollutionhasabadinfluenceonanimalsandplants.(污染对动植物有不良影响。)Theproblemisthat...Theproblemisthatweareproducingtoomuchwaste.(问题在于我们正在产生太多垃圾。)Itis+adj.+that...Itisterriblethatsomanyanimalsarelosingtheirhomes.(如此多的动物正在失去家园，这太可怕了。)Asaresult,...Manytreesarecutdown.Asaresult,manyanimalslosetheirhomes.(许多树木被砍伐。结果，许多动物失去了家园。)2.表达影响(ExpressingEffects):1）...make(s)it+adj.+(forsb)todosth...Pollutionmakesitdifficultforustobreathefreshair.(污染使得我们难以呼吸到新鲜空气。)2）Ifwe...,...will...Ifwedon'tprotecttheenvironment,theearthwillbecomeworse.(如果我们不保护环境，地球会变得更糟。)3.提出建议/解决方案(GivingSuggestions/Solutions):1）Weshould(not)/ought(not)to/must(not)/hadbetter(not)+V原:Weshouldrecyclepaperandplastic.(我们应该回收纸张和塑料。)/Wemustnotlitter.(我们绝不能乱扔垃圾。)/Weoughttosavewater.(我们应该节约用水。)/Wehadbetterusepublictransportation.(我们最好使用公共交通。)It's+adj.(+forsb)+todosth:It'simportant(forus)toprotecttheenvironment.(保护环境（对我们来说）很重要。)It'sourdutytodosth:It'sourdutytosavetheearth.(拯救地球是我们的责任。)Weneedtodosth:Weneedtotakeactionrightnow.(我们需要立即采取行动。)Whynot...?/Whydon'twe/you...?Whynotplantmoretrees?(为什么不种更多的树呢？)/Whydon'tweusebothsidesofthepaper?(我们为什么不用纸的两面呢？)What/Howabout...?Howaboutturningoffthelightswhenweleavearoom?(我们离开房间时关灯怎么样？)Let's...Let'sstartfromsmallthings.(让我们从小事做起。)4.表达责任与义务(ExpressingDuty/Obligation):Everyonehasthedutytodosth.(每个人都有责任做某事。)It'severyone'sjobtodosth.(做某事是每个人的工作/职责。)句型学习建议1.理解每个句型的结构和适用场景。2.重点练习提建议的多种表达方式（should,oughtto,whynot,howabout,let's）。3.尝试将核心词汇代入句型中进行替换练习。三、核心语法(KeyGrammar)现在完成时(PresentPerfectTense)1.构成(Structure):1）肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(V-ed/V3)I/We/You/Theyhavefinishedthework.(我/我们/你/你们/他们已经完成了工作。)He/She/Ithasseenthemovie.(他/她/它已经看过那部电影了。)2）否定句:主语+have/has+not(haven't/hasn't)+过去分词Wehaven't(havenot)visitedBeijingyet.(我们还没有去过北京。)Shehasn't(hasnot)finishedherhomework.(她还没完成作业。)3）一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词...?-Haveyoueatenbreakfast?(你吃早餐了吗？)-Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't./-HasTomarrived?(汤姆到了吗？)-Yes,hehas./No,hehasn't.4）特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词...?Wherehaveyoubeen?(你去哪儿了？)Whathasshedone**?(她做了什么？)2.核心用法(KeyUsages):表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。说话者关心的不是动作发生的时间，而是这个动作与现在的联系（结果、影响、经历）。Ihavelostmykeys.(我丢了钥匙。)结果：我现在没有钥匙，进不了门。Shehasjustarrived.(她刚到。)结果：她现在在这里。Haveyoufinishedyourreport?(你报告写完了吗？)关心现在是否完成。表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态(常与for+时间段,since+时间点连用)。Wehavelivedherefortenyears.(我们在这里住了十年了。)Hehasworkedinthiscompanysince2010.(他从2010年起就在这家公司工作。)表示经历或经验(常与ever,never,once,twice等连用)。HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai?(你去过上海吗？)Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulsunset.(我从未见过如此美丽的日落。)3.常用时间状语(CommonTimeAdverbials):already(已经，常用于肯定句)，yet(还，已经，常用于否定句和疑问句句末)，just(刚刚)，ever(曾经，用于疑问句)，never(从不)，before(以前)，recently/lately(最近)，sofar/uptonow(到目前为止)，for+时间段(e.g.,fortwodays,foralongtime)，since+时间点(e.g.,sincelastweek,since1999,sincehecamehere)，inthepast/lastfewyears(在过去的几年里)4.与一般过去时的区别(DifferencefromSimplePastTense):现在完成时:强调动作与现在的联系（结果、影响、持续、经历）。Ihaveseenthatmovie.(我看过那部电影。)强调我知道内容，有“看过”这个经历。一般过去时:强调动作发生在过去某个具体时间，与现在没有明显联系。Isawthatmovielastweek.(我上周看了那部电影。)强调“看”这个动作发生在上周这个具体时间。语法学习建议：1）核心理解:牢记完成时的核心是“过去的动作与现在的联系”。2）标志词:熟记并理解常用时间状语（already,yet,just,ever,never,for,since）的含义和用法位置。3）动词过去分词:务必熟练掌握常见不规则动词的过去式和过去分词形式（如see-saw-seen,go-went-gone,do-did-done,have-had-had,be-was/were-been,eat-ate-eaten等）。这是使用现在完成时的基础。4）对比练习:大量做现在完成时和一般过去时的对比练习，体会它们用法上的本质区别。5）造句:用现在完成时描述你最近做过的事情（结果/经历）或持续的状态（学了多久英语、住了多久等）。四、知识练习(PracticeExercises)A.词汇练习(VocabularyPractice)1.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填空:1）Thegovernmentistakingactionstop_______thewildanimals.2）Toomuchnoisep_______canmakepeoplesick.3）Weshouldr_______paper,glassandplastictosaveresources.4）It'sourd_______tokeepourcityclean.5）Airpollutionhasabadi_______onpeople'shealth.(影响)6）Wemustn't_______(浪费)water.7）Scientistsaredoingr________onhowtosolvethepollutionproblem.(研究)8）Cuttingdowntrees_______(引起)manyproblems.2.选择正确的单词并用其适当形式填空(protect,harm,pollute,improve,resource):1）Weneedtofindwaysto______ourlivingenvironment.2）Oilspillscan______sealifeseriously.3）Water______isabigprobleminsomeareas.4）Forestsareimportantnatural______.5）Lawsaremadeto______endangeredanimals.B.句型练习(SentencePatternPractice)1.将下列句子翻译成英语:1）乱扔垃圾对环境有害。(harmful)_______________________________________________________________我们应该节约用电。(saveelectricity)_______________________________________________________________为什么不乘公共汽车去上学呢？(Whynot...?)_______________________________________________________________保护环境是我们的责任。(It'sourdutyto...)_______________________________________________________________工厂排放的废气导致了严重的空气污染。(cause)_______________________________________________________________2.根据提示完成句子:1）______________________(太多的汽车)causestrafficjamsandairpollution.(Therebe)2）______________________(如果我们不节约用水),wewillfaceawatershortageinthefuture.(Ifwe...)3）It'simportant______________________(循环利用旧书和报纸).(todosth)4）______________________(你最好关掉)theTVifyou'renotwatchingit.(hadbetter)C.语法练习(GrammarPractice)现在完成时1.用所给动词的现在完成时形式填空:1）I__________(finish)myhomeworkalready.2）She__________(notsee)thatmovieyet.3）__________youever__________(be)totheGreatWall?(Have...been)4）They__________(live)inthiscityforfiveyears.5）Myfather__________(work)inthatfactorysinceheleftschool.6）We__________(justclean)theclassroom.7）__________Tom__________(do)hisproject?-No,notyet.2.选择for或since填空:1）Hehasbeenateacher______2005.2）Theyhaveknowneachother______tenyears.3）Ihaven'teatenanything______thismorning.4）ShehasstudiedEnglish______alongtime.5）Ithasn'trained______lastmonth.3.用现在完成时或一般过去时填空:1）I__________(buy)anewdictionarylastSunday.2）__________you__________(read)thisbookbefore?3）Mr.Smith__________(come)toChinathreeyearsago.4）We__________(nothear)fromhimsincehemovedtoLondon.5）--WhereisTom?--He__________(go)tothelibrary.6）He__________(go)tothelibraryanhourago.综合练习(IntegratedPractice)阅读短文，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。第一篇：TheDyingForestOurforestisingreatdanger.Inthepasttenyears,people1(cut)downthousandsoftrees.Asaresult,manyanimals2(lose)theirhomes.Theairquality3(become)worsetoobecausetreescleantheair.Lastmonth,scientists4(find)thatthesoilhereisnowpolluted.Chemicalsfromfactories5(enter)thegroundwater.Thisisharmful6ourhealth.Ifwedrinkthiswater,wemaygetsick.Butallhopeisnotlost.Ourschool7(start)aprojectcalled"GreenHope"since2023.We8(plant)over500treessofar.Wealsotellfarmers9(notuse)harmfulchemicals.10iseveryone’sdutytoprotectourforest.Whynotjoinusthisweekend?第二篇：SavingOurOceansPlasticpollution1(be)ahugeproblemforoceans.Seaanimalsoftenmistakeplasticbagsforfood,which2(cause)manydeaths.Sofar,humans3(produce)over8billiontonsofplastic!Wemusttakeaction.First,weought4(reduce)plasticuse.Whynot5(carry)reusablebottles?Second,recycling6(be)everyone’sduty.Myfamily7(recycle)allplasticwasteforthreeyears.8youever9(try)it?Remember:smallchanges10(make)abigdifference!参考答案：词汇练习1.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填空1）protect2)pollution3）reuse4)duty5)influence6)waste7)research8）cause2.选择正确的单词并用