吉林省吉林市普通中学高三下学期四模英语试题-1

吉林地区普通中学20242025学年度高中毕业年级第四次调研测试英语试题说明：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，贴好条形码。2.答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2b铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答非选择题时，用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。字体工整，笔迹清楚。3.请按题号顺序在答题卡相应区域作答，超出区域所写答案无效；在试卷上、草纸上答题无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatisingtoLouise?A.Abigparty.B.Herbirthday.C.Thefirstdayofwork.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Watchingagame.B.Preparingthedinner.C.Introducinghiswifetothewoman.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Sellingcars.B.Goinghomeearly.C.CelebratingThanksgiving.4.WheredidAnnagoontheweekend?A.Astadium.B.Afarm.C.Ahotel.5.WhenwillthemanbeabletovisitMr.Black?A.OnNovember2nd.B.OnNovember1st.C.OnNovember3rd.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Buysomebooks.B.Startasmallpany.C.Dosomeresearchforapaper.7.Whatisthemanlike?A.Careless.B.Impatient.C.Curious.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandemployee.B.Coworkers.C.Reporterandpasserby.9.Whenshouldthereportprobablybefinished?A.ByThursdaymorning.B.ByFridaymorning.C.ByFridaynoon.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whendoesthemanwanttogoforatrip?A.InJune.B.InJuly.C.InAugust.11.Howmanytouristattractionsontheredroutearementioned?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.12.Howwillthemanbuyhisticket?A.Byphone.B.Inperson.C.Online.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdidthemanthinkofAmericansinthepast?A.Healthy.B.Hardworking.C.Lazy.14.Whydoesthemanmentionorganicfoods?A.ToshowhowdifferentAmericanfoodcultureis.B.Toshowhowpeople’sattitudeshavechanged.C.ToshowthatAmericansarespendingmoreonfood.15.Whyarethingsdifferentnowaccordingtothewoman?A.Peoplehaveaccesstomoreinformation.B.Peoplearemoreactiveingeneral.C.Peoplearemorepositive.16.Whatdoesthewomantrytoavoid?A.WatchingtoomuchTV.B.Eatingfastfood.C.Drivinghercar.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wheredidtherecentsharkattacksoccur?A.InNorthCarolina.B.InCalifornia.C.InFlorida.18.WhoisGrahamSchwartz?A.Awriterforamagazine.B.Aresearcherfromamuseum.C.Asharkexpertfromauniversity.19.Whatcanpeopledotoavoidbeingattacked?A.Hideinsmallboats.B.Onlyswimwherethewateriswarm.C.Avoidwearingcertaintypesofclothes.20.WhatdidtheDepartmentofRecreationdo?A.Theycloseddownthebeaches.B.Theyconductedastudyonsharkattacks.C.Theyforcedboatsandfishermentostopallactivities.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AYes,There’saMuseumforThat!MUSEUMSHAVECHANGED.We’llalwayshavetheMetinNewYorkandtheLouvreinParisbutnowadaysyou’llfindamuseumforabsolutelyeverythingandeveryone.●InternationalTennisHallofFame(RhodeIsland,NewYork)AhighlightisaKingsCourtfor“courttennis,”firstplayedbymonksandkingsdatingbackto1538.It’snotsomuchatenniscourtbutadramaticrectangularroomwithsurprisingslopesandangles.Opendaily9AM—5PM(closedTuesdays).Admission:$20adults;$15students.●NationaledyCenter(Jamestown,NewYork)“Beforevisitorsenterthecenter,theycreatetheir‘senseofhumorprofile’,”saysexecutivedirectorJourneyGunderson.“Theychoosewhattheyfindfunny,andthedataiscollectedonadigitalchiptheywearonawristcalledaLaughBandsothattheedycontentiscustomizedbasedontheirpersonaltaste.”Open10AM—8PMdaily.Admission:$25adults;students$20(freeeveryWednesday).●MuseumofFoodandDrink(Brooklyn,NewYork)Whydoespopcornpop?Howdidcannedfoodchangewars?Thismuseumanswersthesequestionsthroughhandsonexperiments.SmellspicesintheAromaLab,“bake”breadinavirtualoven,ortasteglobalsnacks.OpenWednesday—Sunday,10AMto6PM.Admission:$15foradults;studentsfreewithID.FreeentryforstudentseveryThursday.●NationalMusicMuseum(Vermillion,SouthDakota)Froma1720ItalianviolintoamodernDJmixer,thismuseumcelebratesmusic’suniversalpower.TryplayingaJapaneseshamisen,orcreateyourownsongmixintheSoundLab.AfavoriteexhibitexplainshowBeethovenposedhisNinthSymphonyafterlosinghishearing.OpenMonday—Saturday,9AMto5PM.Admission:$12foradults;$8forstudents.1.What’sthetotaladmissiononThursdayforastudentwithhisparentsatMuseumofFoodandDrink?A.$50. B.$15. C.$30. D.$40.2.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectbasedonthepassage?A.AtenniscourtofInternationalTennisHallofFameisround.B.NationaledyCenterpersonalizesjokesbasedonvisitors.C.TheMuseumofFoodandDrinkforbidsvisitorsfromtouchingexhibits.D.NationalMusicMuseumoffersliveperformancesofmusicians.3.Wheredoesthispassageprobablyefrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Aneducationalwebsite.C.Atravelmagazine. D.Abookreview.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个各具特色的博物馆：国际网球名人堂；国家喜剧中心；食品与饮料博物馆；国家音乐博物馆。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MuseumofFoodandDrink部分中“Admission:$15foradults;studentsfreewithID.FreeentryforstudentseveryThursday.(门票：成人15美元；学生凭身份证免费。每周四学生免费入场)”可知，周四学生免费，父母两人的门票费用是15×2=30美元，所以一名学生和他父母周四去该博物馆的总门票费用是30美元。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据NationaledyCenter部分中“Theychoosewhattheyfindfunny,andthedataiscollectedonadigitalchiptheywearonawristcalledaLaughBandsothattheedycontentiscustomizedbasedontheirpersonaltaste.(他们选择自己觉得有趣的内容，数据会被收集到他们戴在手腕上的一个名为LaughBand的数字芯片上，这样喜剧内容就会根据他们的个人品味进行定制)”可知，国家喜剧中心会根据游客的喜好定制喜剧内容，也就是根据游客个性化讲笑话。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四个不同的博物馆，包括它们的特色、开放时间和门票价格等信息，这类关于博物馆的介绍更有可能出现在旅游杂志上。故选C。B​Today,theconceptof“simpleandseasonal”seemstobeeverywhere.EvenMcDonald’striestoconvinceusit’sonboard.ButAliceWaterswhohaschangedthefaceofAmericandiningwassayingitabout50yearsago,whenChezPanissefirstopenedinBerkeley.GrowingupinNewJersey,shewenttotheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,onlybecauseherclosestfriendsweregoing,andshedidn’thaveaclearaim.ButlivinginFranceforayearchangedeverything.Watersfellinlovewithgoodfoodandthecarepeopletookoveritssourcingandcooking.“Itookmyslowfoodvalues—everyoneshouldhaveaccesstogoodfood,andgrowersareproperlyvalued—from1960sFrance,”shesays.BackinCalifornia,allWaterswantedtodowascook.Thedreamofopeningarestaurantbegantotakeshape.WhenChezPanisseeventuallyopened,withdinnercookedandservedbyateamwithnotraining,itwasanightmareguestswaitedagesfortheirfood.“Aclownshow”ishowonechefdescribedit.ButWaterscontinuedonundeterred(毫不气馁).Since1971,ChezPanisse’swasseldomexpanded.WatershasalwaysresistedmakingitbiggersincethatmightweakentheChezPanissebrand.HerEdibleSchoolyardProject,however,hasbeenintentionallyspreadout.TheprojectstartedwhenWatersturnedaconcretewastelandataBerkeleyschoolintoagardenforteachingaboutfood.Today,over2,000schoolsworldwidearefollowingWaters’originalmodel.TheschoolyardrepresentseverythingAliceWatersstandsforandactsasacornerstone,promotingbotheducationalandpersonalgrowth.Thefoodhereisgrownslowlyandnaturallybyhand.Itsparksideasaboutsocialresponsibility,ecology,science,math,languageandhistory.Waterscontinuestofightforslowfoodvaluesinafastfoodculture.Sheisalsoa“counterculturecook”whowantseveryonetohaveaccesstogoodfood,andnotjustbecauseittastesbetter.“Thefoodweeat,”shesays,“teachesusthevaluesthatweliveby.”4.WhatinspiredWaters’passionforfood?​​A.HereducationattheUniversityofCalifornia.B.HerexperienceoflivinginFrance.C.TheinfluenceofherfriendsinNewJersey.D.ThesuccessofChezPanisseinBerkeley.5.WhatdoestheEdibleSchoolyardProjectwantstudentstodevelop?​​A.Fastfoodcultureandmoderncookingtechniques.B.Businessmanagementandbrandexpansion.C.Knowledgeacrosssubjectsandsocialvalues.D.Restaurantoperationandcustomerservice.6.WhatdoesAliceWatersbelievefoodcandoaccordingtothelastparagraph?​​A.Shapepeople’svalues.B.Improvecookingskills.C.Increasefastfoodsales.D.Reduceenvironmentalproblems.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAliceWaters?​​A.Persistentandcreative.​​B.Ambitiousandgreedy.​​C.Traditionalandconservative.​​D.Kindandrigid.​【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了AliceWaters受法国美食文化启发，创立ChezPanisse餐厅并坚持慢食理念，以及她通过EdibleSchoolyardProject推广食物教育，倡导慢食价值观，影响全球餐饮与教育领域。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ButlivinginFranceforayearchangedeverything.Watersfellinlovewithgoodfoodandthecarepeopletookoveritssourcingandcooking.(但在法国生活了一年改变了一切。Waters爱上了美味的食物，以及人们对食材来源和烹饪的关注)”可知，AliceWaters对食物的热情是受到她在法国生活一年的启发，她爱上了美食以及人们对食物来源和烹饪的重视。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheschoolyardrepresentseverythingAliceWatersstandsforandactsasacornerstone,promotingbotheducationalandpersonalgrowth.Thefoodhereisgrownslowlyandnaturallybyhand.Itsparksideasaboutsocialresponsibility,ecology,science,math,languageandhistory.(校园代表着AliceWaters所代表的一切，是促进教育和个人成长的基石。这里的食物是手工慢慢自然种植的。它激发了人们关于社会责任、生态学、科学、数学、语言和历史的想法)”可知，EdibleSchoolyardProject的目的是通过种植食物，让学生了解社会责任、生态、科学、数学、语言和历史等多学科知识，并培养社会价值观。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Thefoodweeat,”shesays,“teachesusthevaluesthatweliveby.”(“们吃的食物，”她说，“教会了我们生活的价值观。”)”可知，AliceWaters认为食物可以塑造人们的价值观。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ButWaterscontinuedonundeterred(毫不气馁).(但Waters毫不气馁地继续下去)”以及倒数第二段“TheprojectstartedwhenWatersturnedaconcretewastelandataBerkeleyschoolintoagardenforteachingaboutfood.Today,over2,000schoolsworldwidearefollowingWaters’originalmodel.(这个项目始于Waters将伯克利一所学校的一片混凝土荒地变成了一个用于教授食物知识的花园。今天，全球有2000多所学校遵循Waters的原始模式)”可知，AliceWaters在面对餐厅运营困难时毫不气馁，并且她通过EdibleSchoolyardProject创造性地将食物与教育结合，推广慢食价值观。这表明她既具有坚持到底的精神，又富有创造性。故选A。C‌CrystalHiwalker’ssurvivalcreatedmedicalwonders.In2019,shenearlybledtodeathduringa100mileambulanceridethroughasnowstormtoBillings,Montana’sonlyadvancedtrauma(创伤)center.Withthejourneytaking2.5hours,herheartstopped,andshelostnearlyallherblood.Miraculously,doctorsrevivedherwithnobraindamage.U.S..caseshockedtheMontanaStateTraumaCaremittee.Theylaterrealizedtheambulancehadpassedtwohospitalsstockedwithblood.“WhatifHiwalkerhadaccesstothatbloodonherwaytoBillings?”askedmitteemembers.Theirquestionledtothe‌MontanaInterfacilityBloodNetwork,whichtheysayisthefirstprogramofitskindintheU.S..Thenetworkallowsambulancecrewstopickupbloodfromhospitalsandtransfuseittopatientsonthewaytotheadvancedcaretheyneed.RuralMontanafaceshighertraumadeathratesduetovastdistancesbetweenhospitals.Thenetworkmaps48bloodstoragesites.Duringemergencies,ambulancescanstopatthesecondhospitalandpickeduptheblood.Ambulancesmayalsopickupmedicalstafftoprovidethetransfusion(输血).“Thiswastrulydesignedforkindofthatlastditcheffort,”Johnsonsaid.“Whenwe’reoutofoptions,we’vegottogetthepatientmovingtowardsalargercenter,andwecan’tfly.”Dr.GordonRiha,thesurgeonwhotreatedHiwalker,paredittoafastfooddrivethru(快速通道):“Secondsmatter.Atimelytransfusioncanpreventdeathorbraindamage.”TheprogramhasinspiredstateslikeOregontoexploresimilarsystems.Whileotherstatesperformambulancetransfusions,Montana’sprogramuniquelyaddressesruralchallenges.Forexample,bloodmustbekeptcoolandtrackedcarefully.Hospitalsfollowstrictprotocols(协议)toensuresafehandoffs(交接).Hiwalker,nowanadvocateforruralhealthcare,reflects:“I’mgratefulmystoryhelpedcreatesomethingthatsavesothers.”Thoughthenetworkcan’tpreventalltragedies,itoffershopeforMontana’sisolatedmunities.8.‌WhatmotivatedMontanatocreatethebloodnetwork?‌A.Frequentsnowstormsinruralareas.B.Ashortageoftraumacentersnationwide.C.CrystalHiwalker’snarrowescape.D.Requestsfromurbanhospitals.9.WhydidDr.GordonRihamentionafastfooddrivethru?‌A.Toexplainhowbloodiskeptcoolduringtransport.B.Toparethecostofbloodtransfusionstofastfoodprices.C.Tocriticizedelaysinambulanceresponsetimes.D.Toshowtheneedforrapidbloodtransfusionsinemergencies.10.WhichofthefollowingcanillustratetheuniquenessofMontana’sprogram?A.Usingdronesforblooddelivery.B.Ruralbloodstoragewithstrictdeliveryrules.​​C.Forcinghospitalstostoreextrablood.D.Firsttotransportpatientsincrises.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheprogram’sinfluence?​​A.Otherremoteareasmayadoptsimilarbloodtransportsystems.B.Theprogramhaspletelystoppedruraltraumadeaths.C.Allhospitalsparticipateinbloodhandoffs.D.Thenumberofambulanceshasdeclined.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了CrystalHiwalker在暴风雪中因失血濒临死亡的惊险经历，以及这一事件如何促使蒙大拿州建立全美首个“院际血液网络”，通过创新性血液运输方案解决偏远地区创伤救治难题，并影响其他州探索类似系统，为孤立社区带来希望。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“U.S..caseshockedtheMontanaStateTraumaCaremittee.Theylaterrealizedtheambulancehadpassedtwohospitalsstockedwithblood.“WhatifHiwalkerhadaccesstothatbloodonherwaytoBillings?”askedmitteemembers.Theirquestionledtothe‌MontanaInterfacilityBloodNetwork,whichtheysayisthefirstprogramofitskindintheU.S..(这个案例震惊了蒙大拿州创伤护理委员会。他们后来意识到救护车经过了两家储存着血液的医院。“如果沃克在去比林斯的路上接触到了那些血呢？”委员会成员问道。他们的问题引出了蒙大拿州设施间血液网络，他们说这是美国第一个此类项目。)”可知，蒙大拿州创建血液网络的直接动机是CrystalHiwalker的幸存案例引发的反思。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Dr.GordonRiha,thesurgeonwhotreatedHiwalker,paredittoafastfooddrivethru(快速通道):“Secondsmatter.Atimelytransfusioncanpreventdeathorbraindamage.”(为Hiwalker治疗的外科医生GordonRiha博士将其比作快餐店的得来速：“时间很重要。及时输血可以防止死亡或脑损伤。”)”可知，Dr.GordonRiha将血液网络比作“快餐快速通道”，显示紧急情况下快速输血的必要性。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段““Montana’sprogramuniquelyaddressesruralchallenges.Forexample,bloodmustbekeptcoolandtrackedcarefully.Hospitalsfollowstrictprotocolstoensuresafehandoffs.(当其他州执行救护车输血时，蒙大拿州的计划独特地解决了农村的挑战。例如，血液必须保持凉爽并仔细追踪。医院遵循严格的协议，以确保安全交接。)”可知，蒙大拿项目的独特之处在于农村血液储存有严格的配送规则，包括严格的血液储存、追踪与交接规则。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“TheprogramhasinspiredstateslikeOregontoexploresimilarsystems.(这个项目启发了俄勒冈州等州探索类似的系统。)”可推断，蒙大拿州的对其他偏远地区具有借鉴意义，其他偏远地区可能采用类似的血液运输系统。故选A。DWinterfoggingoncarwindscreensinnorthernregionsisapersistentproblem.Whileantimistingspraysofferatemporarysolution,theyrequirefrequentreapplication.Electricheatingwires,thougheffective,areunsuitableforfrontwindscreens(causingvisualdistraction)andimpracticalforbuildingwindowsorspectaclelenses(眼镜片).TworesearchersIwanHächlerandDimosPoulikakosoftheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyhavedevelopedanewantifoggingmaterial.Itisacoating,tennanometresthick,flexibleandeasilymadeusingexistingprocesses.Itcanbeappliedtoglassorplastic,orbuiltintosuchmaterials.Itsdemistingpropertiesarepoweredbysunlight.Ineffect,thismaterialisa“goldsandwich”.The“bread”ofthissandwichisapairoflayers,topandbottom,oftitaniumdioxide(二氧化钛),eachthreenanometresthick.Thefillingisafournanometredeepgoldenfiligree(箔).Thestructureallowsvisiblelighttopassthrough,whileabsorbinginfrared(红外线)andchangingitintoheat.Itisthefillingthatwarmstheglass.Whengoldisspreadonasurfacerandomly,itfirstformsminiatureislands,whicharenotconnectedtoeachother.Then,asmoregoldisadded,bridgesformbetweentheislands.Atacertainpointthesebridgesdevelopintoanetworkandbeeaconductor,lettingelectrons(电子)movefromislandtoisland.Thatpermitsheattospread.Nowthenetworkwill,likeanyothermetal,absorbheatifleftinthesunshine.Theglasscoatingisfourtimesmoreeffectiveatpreventingfogthanuncoatedsurfaces.Itabsorbs30%ofsolarradiation,increasingthetemperatureby8℃sunnydaysand34℃cloudydays,whichcanremoveandpreventfog.Thenextstep,theinventorsplantofindtheproduct’sbestmarket,withspectaclelensesbeingagoodstartingpoint.Thecostofaddingthecoatingislow.Eventhoughgoldisused,solittleisrequiredthatthematerialsthemselvesareworthonly20centsorso.Forthetwoinventors,theideamightproveagoldmine.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewantifoggingmaterial?A.Itcankeepwindowsclearusinggoldandsunlight.B.Itrequireselectricalpowertogenerateheat.C.Itneedsfrequentreapplicationliketraditionalsprays.D.Itisinappropriateforglassandplasticsurfaces.13.Whatisthekeytoenablingheattospreadinthenewmaterial?A.Theabsorptionofvisiblelight.B.Theapplicationofaflexiblecoating.C.Thepresenceoftitaniumdioxidelayers.D.Theformationofgoldconductivebridges.14.What

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needs

further

improvementtocutdownitscost.15.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A.Thelimitationsoftraditionalantifoggingmethods.B.Theprospectofdevelopinggoldbasednanomaterials.C.Theenvironmentalbenefitsofusingtitaniumdioxide.D.Abreakthroughinsolarpoweredantifoggingtechnology.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了瑞士联邦理工学院的两位研究人员开发出的一种新型防雾材料，该材料利用太阳能来防止玻璃起雾，并具有广阔的应用前景。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段后三句“Itisacoating,tennanometresthick,flexibleandeasilymadeusingexistingprocesses.Itcanbeappliedtoglassorplastic,orbuiltintosuchmaterials.Itsdemistingpropertiesarepoweredbysunlight.(这是一种十纳米厚的涂层，灵活且易于使用现有工艺制造。它可以应用于玻璃或塑料，或内置于这些材料中。它的除雾性能由阳光提供动力。)”以及第三段最后一句“Thestructureallowsvisiblelighttopassthrough,whileabsorbinginfraredandchangingitintoheat.(这种结构允许可见光通过，同时吸收红外线并将其转化为热量。)”可知，这种新型防雾材料可以利用和阳光来保持窗户清晰。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句“Atacertainpointthesebridgesdevelopintoanetworkandbeeaconductor,lettingelectrons(电子)movefromislandtoisland.Thatpermitsheattospread.(在某一点上，这些桥会发展成一个网络并成为导体，让电子从一个岛移动到另一个岛，从而使热量传播。)”可知，使新型材料中的热量得以传播的关键是导电桥的形成。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段后三句“Thecostofaddingthecoatingislow.Eventhoughgoldisused,solittleisrequiredthatthematerialsthemselvesareworthonly20centsorso.Forthetwoinventors,theideamightproveagoldmine.(添加涂层的成本很低。尽管使用了，但所需量极少，这些材料本身仅值20美分左右。对这两位发明家来说，这个想法可能会成为一座金矿。)”可知，这种材料成本低，且两位发明者认为它可能是一个金矿，由此可推知，作者认为这种新型材料在未来可能会取得显著的商业成功。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了瑞士联邦理工学院的两位研究人员开发出的一种新型防雾材料，该材料利用太阳能来防止玻璃起雾，并具有广阔的应用前景。因此，文章的主要聚焦的是太阳能防雾技术的突破。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Creatingathrivinggardenorkeepingindoorplantsflourishingdoesn’thavetobeaplextask.___16___Hereisadetailedintroductiontothesepracticalgardeningtipstohelpyoubeeaplantcareexpert.●WhattoplantStartbyassessingyourspace.___17___Isthesoilsandy,orheavywithclay?Chooseplantsthatsuitthoseconditions.Employeesatlocalnurseriescantellyouallyouneedtoknow.Takealongasmallbagofyoursoiltomakeiteveneasier.Ifyoustartbyprovidingplantswiththesunorshadetheywantandthesoiltheyprefer,theplantsdon’taskalotfromyou.●WhentowaterYoucanbuyamoisturemeter,butfewtoolsaremoreaccuratethanstickingafingerinthesoil.Ifyou’regettingdust,it’stimetowater.Thenexttestistotakeahandfulofsoilandgentlysqueezeitwithyourfingertips.Theidealsituationisthatthesoilshowsafaintfingerprint.___18___Leaveitforadayortwountiltherootsabsorbtheextrawater.●___19___Theleavesofplantslackingwaterwilldryupanddrop,usuallyquitesuddenly,whiletheleavesofoverwateredplantswillturnpale.“Rememberwhenplantsaregrowingfastandstrong,andmakingmoredemandsontherootsystem,theywilldryoutmorefrequently,”saysDouglasJustice,associatedirectorofhorticultureandcollectionsattheUBCBotanicalGardeninVancouver.●AnoteonplantfoodYoucanbuydryslowreleasefertilizersandliquidfastreleaseones.Incontainers,usingslowreleasefertilizerwhenyouplantisadequate.Youcanaddliquidfertilizereverytwotofourweekstomakeplantsgrowwell.Whenplantingintheground,usingdryslowreleasefertilizeronceinthespringisample.___20___A.HowtoplantB.WhattowatchforC.Howmuchsundoesitget?D.Usingtherightfertilizerhelpsplantsgrowbetter.E.Wateringattherighttimeisvitalforplanthealth.F.However,ifthesoildripsthroughyourfingers,it’stoowet.G.Asamatteroffact,withsomekeygardeningskills,youcanachievegreatresults.【答案】16.G17.C18.F19.B20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些实用的园艺技巧，包括选择种植的植物、浇水时间、注意事项以及植物肥料的使用等，旨在帮助读者成为植物护理专家。【16题详解】根据上文“Creatingathrivinggardenorkeepingindoorplantsflourishingdoesn’thavetobeaplextask.(创建一个繁茂的花园或让室内植物茁壮成长并不一定是一项复杂的任务。)”以及下文“Hereisadetailedintroductiontothesepracticalgardeningtipstohelpyoubeeaplantcareexpert.(这里有一些实用的园艺技巧可以帮助你成为植物护理专家。)”可知，空处应说明通过一些园艺技巧可以取得很好的园艺效果。G选项“Asamatteroffact,withsomekeygardeningskills,youcanachievegreatresults.(事实上，只要掌握一些关键的园艺技巧，你就能取得很好的效果。)”，既承接了前文“不复杂”的观点，又引出后文对具体园艺技巧的介绍。故选G项。【17题详解】根据上文“Startbyassessingyourspace.(首先要评估你的空间。)”以及下文“Isthesoilsandy,orheavywithclay?Chooseplantsthatsuitthoseconditions.(土壤是沙质还是黏土重？选择适合这些条件的植物。)”可知，空处应是关于评估空间时需要考虑的另一个因素。C选项“Howmuchsundoesitget?(它能接受到多少阳光？)”其中“it”指代前文的“space”，是对前文的具体说明，同时与后文并列，都是在评估种植空间的条件，为选择合适植物做准备，符合语境。故选C项。18题详解】根据上文“Theidealsituationisthatthesoilshowsafaintfingerprint.(理想的情况是土壤显示出淡淡的指纹。)”以及下文“Leaveitforadayortwountiltherootsabsorbtheextrawater.(放一两天，直到根部吸收多余的水分。)”可知，空处应是关于土壤湿度过高的情况。F选项“However,ifthesoildripsthroughyourfingers,it’stoowet.(然而，如果土壤从你的手指间滴下，那就太湿了。)”与上文形成转折，且引出下文。故选F项。【19题详解】根据设空位置可知，空处是小标题；根据下文“Theleavesofplantslackingwaterwilldryupanddrop,usuallyquitesuddenly,whiletheleavesofoverwateredplantswillturnpale.(缺水的植物叶子会突然干枯脱落，而浇水过多的植物叶子会变黄。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要注意观察植物的状态，以便及时发现问题。B选项“Whattowatchfor(需要注意的事项)”能够准确概括该段核心内容，作为主题句引领全段。故选B项。【20题详解】根据上文“Youcanbuydryslowreleasefertilizersandliquidfastreleaseones.Incontainers,usingslowreleasefertilizerwhenyouplantisadequate.Youcanaddliquidfertilizereverytwotofourweekstomakeplantsgrowwell.Whenplantingintheground,usingdryslowreleasefertilizeronceinthespringisample.(你可以购买干缓释肥料和液态速效肥料。在容器中种植时，种植时使用缓释肥料就足够了。你可以每两到四周添加一次液态肥料，使植物生长良好。在地面种植时，春天使用一次干缓释肥料就足够了。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是关于植物肥料的使用。D选项“Usingtherightfertilizerhelpsplantsgrowbetter.(使用合适的肥料有助于植物更好地生长。)”总结了前文关于肥料使用的内容，强调了肥料对植物生长的重要性。故选D项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnmysonAndrew’s15thbirthday,Itookhimtoashoestoretogetapairofsandals(凉鞋)inthemorning.Wearrivedrightwhenthestore____21____.Andrewisnonspeakingautistic(患自闭症的)and____22____shoppingwhenit’snotbusy.Itoldtheclerksthesandalswewanted,andAndrewtriedthemon,whichfit____23____.We____24____themup,paidandthankedtheclerks.“It’sAndrew’sbirthdaytoday.Fifteen!”Isaid.“Happybirthday!”theysaid.For10years,Andrewhasuseda____25____charttomunicate.Theimagesrepresentimportantandmonwords:people,places,food,greetingsandactivities.Butyearsago,wediscoveredanew____26____forhimtoexpresshimself—theletterboard.It’sasimplealphabetchartwithlettershecanpointtoand____27____outwordsandthoughts.It’s____28____thebackofhispicturechart.UsingitrequiresmuchtimeandeffortforAndrew,butit____29____himtoexpresshimselfmuchmorethanthepictures.Soinsteadofhavinghimpointtothe“thankyou”____30____onhispicturechart,Ihelduphisletterboard.Thestoreclerkswerequiet,watching.Andrewpointedtoeach____31____,onebyone:“Thankyou.”Oneoftheclerks,gotcurious.HesaidhehadabrotherinlawnamedJasonwhoalsodidn’t____32____.Itoldhimtheletterboardwasararebutamazing____33____.“Whatdoyouthink?”IsaidtoAndrew.Hestartedpointingtoletters:“TellJasonhewillchangeeveryone’sopinionofhimin26letters.”Andrewsmiled.Wewereall____34____,inspired,andthrilled.Oneyearlater,IlearnedthatJasonnowhashisownletterboard.Thisishowithappens,howwe____35____anotherperson’slifeinasplitsecond:byopenlyleadingwithourown.21.A.opened B.closed C.expanded D.sold22.A.avoids B.hates C.risks D.prefers23.A.badly B.perfectly C.tightly D.loosely24.A.cleaned B.turned C.boxed D.lifted25.A.color B.picture C.sound D.word26.A.reason B.criterion C.way D.adventure27.A.spell B.shout C.draw D.read28.A.separatedfrom B.paredwith C.attachedto D.coveredwith29.A.forbids B.allows C.forces D.teaches30.A.shape B.number C.gesture D.image31A.sentence B.letter C.essay D.phrase32.A.hear B.write C.move D.speak33.A.tool B.hobby C.goal D.game34.A.frightened B.confused C.moved D.disappointed35.A.impact B.ruin C.charge D.cease【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.C27.A28.C29.B30.D31.B32.D33.A34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带自闭症儿子Andrew购买凉鞋时，通过字母板帮助他与他人交流并激励了另一位无法说话的人使用相同方法的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在商店开门的时候到达。A.opened打开；B.closed关闭；C.expanded扩大；D.sold卖出。根据前文“Wearrivedrightwhenthestore”及后文“Andrewtriedthemon”可知，他们到达时商店刚好开门，可以试穿凉鞋。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁患有自闭症，不会说话，他更喜欢在商店不忙的时候购物。A.avoids避免；B.hates讨厌；C.risks冒险；D.prefers更喜欢。根据后文“shoppingwhenit’snotbusy”可知，安德鲁倾向于在商店不拥挤时购物，体现其对环境的偏好。故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁试穿了一下，非常合脚。A.badly非常，很，严重地；B.perfectly完美地；C.tightly紧紧地；D.loosely宽松地。根据后文“We4

themup,paidandthankedtheclerks.”可知，安德鲁试穿的凉鞋非常合脚，所以他们买了下来。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把它们装进盒子，付了钱，并感谢了店员。A.cleaned清理；B.turned转动；C.boxed把……装进盒子；D.lifted举起。根据后文“paidandthankedtheclerks”可知，他们买下了凉鞋，所以店员会把凉鞋装进盒子。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：10年来，安德鲁一直使用图片图表来交流。A.color颜色；B.picture图片；C.sound声音；D.word单词。根据后文“thebackofhispicturechart”可知，安德鲁使用图片图表来交流。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但几年前，我们发现了一种让他表达自己的新方式——字母板。A.reason原因；B.criterion标准；C.way方式；D.adventure冒险。根据后文“theletterboard”可知，字母板是一种新的表