2026版创新设计高考总复习英语(外研版)教师用-Unit 6　Disaster and hope

Ⅰ.阅读单词1.tuben. 管子2.plusadj. (用于数字后面表示)多,余;优势;好处3.typhoonn. 台风4.landsliden. 山崩,滑坡5.tsunamin. 海啸6.blizzardn. 暴风雪7.avalanchen. 雪崩8.satelliten. 人造卫星9.hurricanen. 飓风10.billionnum. 十亿11.nowhereadv. 什么地方都不,无处12.otherwiseadv. 否则,要不然13.mosquiton. 蚊子14.countyn. (美国等国家的)县;(英国的)郡Ⅱ.核心单词1.forecasttheweather 预报天气2.rescueworkers 救援人员3.takeemergencyaction 采取紧急行动4.overcomethecrisis 克服危机5.therescuehelicopter 救援直升机6.atmidnight 在午夜7.personalproperty 私有财产Ⅲ.一词多义1.grabv.攫取,抓住;抓住(机会等);获得,抢占;吸引(某人的注意)①grabherhand抓住她的手②grabthechance抓住机会③grabtheattention吸引注意力④Hegrabbedmyseat.他占了我的位置。2.claimv.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命);声称;认领;索赔①claimthreelives夺去三条生命②claimamajorbreakthrough声称有重大突破③claimmylostluggage认领我丢失的行李④claimfordamages索要损害赔偿3.lapn.(坐着时的)大腿部;(跑道等的)一圈①sitonmylap坐在我腿上②thefinallap最后一圈4.sheltern.庇护,掩蔽,避难(避雨、躲避危险或攻击);遮蔽物,庇护处;收容所,庇护所;居所v.保护,掩蔽;躲避(风雨或危险)①takeshelterfromthestorm躲避暴风雨②aroughshelter一个简陋的遮蔽物③ananimalshelter动物收容所④shelterthehomeless庇护无家可归者⑤shelterfromtherain避雨Ⅳ.派生单词1.disastern. 灾难,灾祸disastrousadj. 灾难性的2.eruptv. (火山)爆发,喷发eruptionn. 火山爆发;(战争等)爆发3.immediatelyadv. 即刻,马上immediateadj. 立即的;即刻的4.occurv. 发生occurrencen. 发生5.announcementn. 通告,公告announcevt. 宣布;通告6.reliableadj. 可信赖的,可靠的relyv. 依靠;信赖7.exceptionallyadv. 极其,非常exceptprep. 除……之外exceptionn. 例外exceptionaladj. 非凡的;不同寻常的;杰出的8.threatenv. 威胁到,危及threatn. 威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事)threateningadj. 威胁的;恐吓的9.preciselyadv. 精确地,准确地preciseadj. 准确的;确切的;精确的10.sufficientadj. 足够的,充足的sufficientlyadv. 充足地sufficiencyn. 足量;充足insufficientadj. 不充分的Ⅴ.短语词块1.godown 下降,落下;沉没;走下(某一处)2.makeitto 及时赶到……3.lookthrough 浏览,迅速查看4.leaveout 遗漏,不包括5.consistof 包含,包括;由……组成6.flyoff 飞走7.lookoutfor 注意查看,留心8.keepon(doingsth) 继续(做某事)9.haveyetto 还没有10.intheopenair 在户外11.acrowdof 一大群12.afterall 毕竟;终究13.allofasudden 突然14.upanddown 来来回回;上上下下Ⅵ.教材佳句1.Sureenough,goingdownthestairsandontotheplatformislikejumpingintoavolcanothat’serupting.(动词-ing形式短语作主语)果不其然,走下楼梯,来到站台上就像跳进一座正在喷发的火山一样。2.Oneveryhotsummer,thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparkedbelow!(动词-ed形式作定语)一个非常炎热的夏天,太阳光反射过来,融化了停在下面的汽车!3.Nowthatit’shardtoavoidadisasteronEarth,perhapsIshouldstartthinkingaboutmovingtospace...(nowthat引导原因状语从句)既然很难避免地球上的灾难,或许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去……4.Steppingoutofthestationwithaheavyheart,Isuddenlyfeelafreshwindonmyface.(心理描写)我心情沉重地走出地铁站,突然感觉到一阵清风扑面而来。5.IwassofrightenedthatIjustfroze.(心理描写)我吓呆了。▶构词法日积月累前缀fore-表示“在前部、前面的”,或者表示“在……之前”。①forecastvt.预测,预报②forearmn.前臂③foreheadn.额头④foreseevt.预见;预知 ⑤foresightn.远见;预见 ⑥foretellvt.预言;预示StepOne写一写Ⅰ.阅读单词1.cost￡10,000plus耗资万余英镑2.aseverehurricane一场猛烈的飓风3.bedrownedinthetsunami被海啸淹没4.blizzardconditions暴风雪天气5.amassiveavalanche一场巨大的雪崩6.aweathersatellite气象卫星7.amosquitobite蚊子叮伤Ⅱ.核心单词1.forecastv.&n.预测,预报2.rescuev.营救,解救3.emergencyn.紧急情况,不测事件4.crisisn.危机5.helicoptern.直升机6.propertyn.所有物,资产,财产Ⅲ.派生单词1.disastern.灾难,灾祸→disastrousadj.灾难性的2.eruptv.(火山)爆发,喷发→eruptionn.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发3.occurv.发生→occurrencen.发生

4.announcevt.宣布;通告→announcementn.通告,公告5.relyv.依靠;信赖→reliableadj.可信赖的,可靠的

6.threatn.威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事)→threatenv.威胁到,危及→threateningadj.威胁的;恐吓的

7.sufficientadj.足够的,充足的→sufficientlyadv.充足地→sufficiencyn.足量;充足→insufficientadj.不充分的Ⅳ.短语互译1.makeitto及时赶到……

2.lookthrough浏览,迅速查看

3.consistof包含,包括;由……组成

4.haveyetto还没有

5.lookoutfor注意查看,留心

6.leaveout遗漏,不包括7.intheopenair在户外8.acrowdof一大群9.allofasudden突然10.upanddown来来回回;上上下下Ⅴ.句式仿写1.句型公式:动词-ing形式作主语Learninganewlanguagetakestimeandpatience,butitisarewardingexperience.(建议信)

学习一门新语言需要时间和耐心,但这是一次有益的经历。2.句型公式:动词-ed形式作定语Duringtheexhibition,dozensofshortvideosadaptedfromclassicalmoviesandplayswillbeshown.(通知)

展览期间,将播放数十部改编自经典电影和戏剧的视频短片。3.句型公式:nowthat引导原因状语从句Nowthatyouhavegrownup,youshouldnotdependtoomuchonyourparents.(建议信)

既然你已经长大了,就不应该过分依赖你的父母。StepTwo练一练Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1.Thenewspaperforecast/forecastedthattheywouldbetotallybeateninthecominggeneralelection.2.Whenwewerefinallyrescued,wefeltsuchreliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.3.AssoonasJanesawahelicopterhoveringoverhead,shedesperatelysentoutasignalbyusingherwhistle,hopingtoattractthepilot’sattention.4.Nosoonerhadthepolicereceivedtheemergencycallthantheyrushedtothescene.Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1.MaryannouncedtoherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboy,whoseannouncementoftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspapernextweek.(announce)2.Actually,heisanhonestandreliableperson,whomyoucanrelyon.(rely)3.Beingstuckinabigfireisthreatening,andwearethreatenedwithit.(threat)4.Thoughafewbriefcommentsaresufficientforpresentpurposes,myexperienceisnotsufficientlyvariedtodoso.(sufficient)Ⅲ.短语填空allofasudden;lookthrough;upanddown;makeitto;leaveout1.Despite/Inspiteofthesufferingsandhardshipsinlife,shedidn’tgiveupherdreamandfinallymadeittothetop.

2.Iwasridingalongthestreetwhenallofasudden,acarcutinandalmostknockedmedown.

3.Iwouldbegratefulifyoupleasesparesometimetolookthroughthearticleattachedtothee-mailandpolishit.

4.Breathinginthefreshairandsmellingthedeliciousfood,wejumpedupanddownwithexcitement.

5.Takenotes,otherwisesomeimportantpointswillbeleftout.

Ⅳ.串记练习阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thehurricanewasexceptionallystrongyesterday,1.causing(cause)significantdamagetopeople’ssafetyandproperty.Basedontheannouncement,anumberoflives2.wereclaimed(claim)bythedisaster.People3.who/thatsurvivedthedisasterhadnowheretogo.Plus,drinkingwaterwashard4.toget(get)andtherewasnosufficientfood.Theiremotionseruptedlike5.avolcanoandasenseof6.helplessness(helpless)grabbedthem.7.Luckily(luck),thereliablegovernmentimmediatelytookactionandsenthelicopterstorescuethe8.trapped(trap)people.Otherwisetheywouldhavestarvedtodeath.Atmidnight,mosquitoscircledtheshelterand9.bit(bite)people’slapsprecisely.People’slivesandpropertyarestillunderthreat,becausenooneknows10.whetherthehurricanewilloccuragainornot.

1.occurv.(occurred,occurred,occurring)发生,出现→occurrencen.发生佳句背诵Itoccurredto/hit/struckmethatthehorseswewereridingmightknowthewayhomeandIsmiledthroughtears.(心理描写)我突然想起我们骑的马有可能认识回家的路,我破涕为笑。sthoccursto/strikessbsbhitson/uponsth某人(突然)Itoccursto/strikes/hitssbthat...某人突然想起……以练促学一句多译当我走到长满黑莓的小路上时,我想起了与蜂鸟的往事。(2023·浙江1月卷)→MemorieswiththehummingbirdoccurredtomewhenIwalkedtotheblackberry-linedpath.(occur)

→MemorieswiththehummingbirdstruckmewhenIwalkedtotheblackberry-linedpath.(strike)

2.claimv.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命);声称;认领;索赔n.要求;主张;索赔佳句背诵Itisclaimedthathumournotonlyaffectspatients’moods,butalsohelpsthemrecoverfaster.(发言稿)据称,幽默不仅影响患者的情绪,而且有助于他们更快地康复。claimtodosth声称/主张做某事claimtohavedonesth 声称做过某事claimthat... 声称……Itisclaimedthat...有人主张……;据说……以练促学猜测词义/单句语法填空①Earthquakeshaveclaimedmorethan1.6millionlivesinthelasthundredyears.v.夺去(生命)②Nobodyhasclaimedtotake(take)theblameforthegasleakage.

③Doctorsclaimedtohavediscovered(discover)acureforthediseaseafteryearsofresearch.

3.threatenv.威胁到,危及;(坏事)可能发生→threatn.威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事)→threateningadj.威胁的;恐吓的佳句背诵Hesniffledquietly,tearsthreateningtospillfromhiseyes.(情绪描写,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)他轻轻地抽泣着,眼泪几乎要从眼睛里流出来。athreatto对……构成威胁的人或事物underthreat 受到威胁threatentodosth威胁做某事;某事可能发生以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①Usingdisposablechopstickspresentsathreatening(threaten)environmentalissue.②Waterisoneofourmostcriticalresources,butitisunderthreataroundtheworld.③Thewolfmightfeelthepeople’sthreatsaround,soitbegantostepbackslowly.

狼可能感觉到了周围人的威胁,所以它开始慢慢后退。(动作描写)4.godown下降,落下;沉没;走下(某一处)佳句背诵Asthesunwentdown,therewasabarofredoverthegarden.(环境描写)随着太阳落山,花园上方出现了一道红色的光芒。goahead开始做,着手干;先走;发生;进行goagainst 违背;违反goby 逝去;过去goover 复习;仔细检查goup 上升;增长;升起gofor 争取得到,努力获取;适用于goafter 追求,追逐,设法得到gothrough通过;经历,遭受;浏览;仔细检查以练促学猜测词义/完成语段①Takeiteasy,andyoucangothroughawonderfulexperience.经历②ImakeitaruletogooverwhatIhavelearnedbeforegoingtobedeveryday.ThemomentIdeterminednottogoagainsttherulesofmemory,Iimmediatelywentahead.Withtimegoingby,myEnglishgradesgoupdramatically.

我规定自己每天睡觉前都要把学过的东西复习一遍。从我决定不违背记忆规则的那一刻起,我就开始行动了。随着时间的流逝,我的英语成绩大幅上升。5.consistof包含,包括;由……组成佳句背诵Entriesshouldconsistofanoriginalpieceofwritingwith400wordsorfewer.参赛作品应包含一篇不超过400字的原创文章。(通知,2024·九省联考)bemadeupof/becomposedof由……组成consistin=liein存在于;在于consistwith与……一致/相吻合[点拨]consistof、belongto、comeintobeing、datebackto、datefrom等几个短语都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。以练促学单句语法填空/同义句转换①Recently,anewly-furnishedsection,consisting(consist)ofeightGroupLearningRooms,hasbeenopentousstudentsinourschoollibrary.(2022·浙江6月卷)②ItisafactthatthebeautyofMountTaiconsistsinitscharmingsceneryandrichculture.

③Bearinmindthatlifeismadeupofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.(主旨升华)→Bearinmindthatlifeconsistsof/iscomposedofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.

片段巩固用occur;claim;threaten;godown;consistof完成“野外遇险”片段写作提示:野外露营遇到森林大火→护林员声称火势蔓延迅速,威胁安全→我们都很恐慌→朝河边走去→风向变化,火势减弱→我们脱险Aforestfireoccurredwhenwewerecamping.Arangerclaimeditwasspreadingfastandthreatenedoursafety.Ourgroup,consistingoffivefriends,panicked.Butwestayedtogetherandmovedtowardstheriver.Fortunately,thewindchangedandthefirewentdown.Wewererelievedtobesafe.1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Thensheconcentratedonjoggingtothespotwherethetrackcurved(拐弯).Afterthat,shetriedtoseeifshecouldcompleteherfirstlap.(2024·浙江1月卷)n.(跑道等的)一圈②Whenwearrived,weattemptedtofindaseat,butallthegoodseatshadbeengrabbed.v.抢占③Yourteachingexperiencewillbeaplusinthisjob.n.优势,长处2.选出shelter的汉语意思A.n.庇护处B.n.居所C.n.庇护,掩蔽D.v.掩蔽E.v.躲避①Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime.(新高考Ⅰ卷)C②Thesunbeatdown,sowesatintheshade,shelteringfromthesun.E③Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators.(2023·浙江1月卷)A④Food,clothing,fuelandshelterarethefourmostbasichumanneeds.B⑤Treeswereplantedtoshelterthisareafromstrongsandstorms.D3.选出claim的汉语意思A.v.声称B.v.夺去(生命)C.v.索赔D.v.认领①Itisclaimedthattheoceanissufferingseriouspollution.It’shightimethatweshoulddevoteourselvestoprotectingit.A②Thepolicesaidthatifnooneclaimedthewatch,youcouldkeepit.D③Becausetheaccidenthadnotbeenherfault,Barbarawasabletoclaimdamages.C④ItisreportedthatHurricaneSandyhasclaimedthousandsoflives.B句型公式:动词-ed形式作定语课本原句:Oneveryhotsummer,thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparkedbelow!一个非常炎热的夏天,太阳光反射过来,融化了停在下面的汽车!佳句背诵Themusicfestival,madeupoftwoparts,willenableustoknowmoreaboutChinesefolkmusic.音乐节由两部分组成,将使我们更多地了解中国民间音乐。(邀请信)(1)单个动词-ed形式及由动词-ed形式构成的复合形容词作定语时,通常置于被修饰词之前,但修饰代词时,需要置于被修饰词之后。动词-ed形式作定语要后置,放在被修饰词之后。(2)动词-ed形式作定语,相当于一个定语从句,但它比定语从句更简短。(3)一些不及物动词也有-ed形式,由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语,所以不及物动词的-ed形式作定语时只表示动作的完成,而没有被动意义。以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①LastSundaywitnessedmyparticipatinginameaningfulactivitynamed(name)“GettingtoKnowthePlantsAroundUs”organizedbytheStudents’Union.(2023·浙江1月卷)②Thegardenerissweepingupfallen(fall)leavesinthepark.③Therewasasuddenburstoflightfollowed(follow)byaterriblenoise.④Welayonthegrass,staringatthenightskyspottedwithtwinklingstars.

我们躺在草地上,凝视着被闪烁的星星点缀的夜空。(动作+环境描写)维度一核心知识运用1.The18th-centuryphilosopherKantarguedthattheuniverseultimatelyconsists(consist)ofthings-in-themselvesthatareunknowable.(2024·北京卷)2.Iwasreadingabookintheclassroomwhentherewasanannouncement(announce).“Todayat1:10therewillbeauditions(面试)foramusical.”(2024·北京卷)3.Trackingof150biochemicalsinfoodhasbeenimportantinrevealingtherelationshipsbetweencalories,sugar,fatandtheoccurrence(occur)ofcommondiseases.(2022·北京卷)4.Thecollapsewasdisastrous(disaster),requiringtheemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.(2021·全国乙卷)5.Myfearsappearedlikedarkstormcloudsthreateningtodrown(drown)me.

6.Thegovernmentclaimedtoprovide(provide)allowanceforpeoplewhomadegreatcontributionstoourcountry.

7.Herescuedaboyfromdrowning,whichdeservestherespectofallthevillagers.8.Seeingthevolcanoeruption(erupt)inthedistance,IhadtoadmitIwasscaredtodeathbythisvividscene.9.Buttheyhaveyettoconvince(convince)everyone,especiallypeoplelivinginthearea.

10.Bernardmadeuphismindtofollowtheirexamplestobeareliable(rely)personwhomotherscanrelyonforhelp.维度二单句写作1.Takingregularbreaksisofgreatimportancetooureyes.(动词-ing形式短语作主语)

规律休息对我们的眼睛很重要。2.Lastweekend,Itookpartinasocialpracticeactivityorganizedbyalocalcharityorganization.(动词-ed形式作定语)

上周末,我参加了当地一家慈善机构组织的社会实践活动。3.Nowthatyouaskformyadviceontheselectivecourse,I’llrecommendyoutochoosethecourseaboutChineseancientpoetry.(nowthat引导原因状语从句)

既然你征求我关于选修课的意见,我建议你选中国古诗词这门课。4.Thenewsmademeangry,butJohnhappy.(省略)

这条消息使我生气,却让约翰高兴。5.Asscheduled,weparticipatedinseveralinstructiveactivities.(省略)

按照计划安排,我们参加了几个有指导意义的活动。维度三单元知识拾遗Thesky1.darkenedimmediately.Feargrippedherasthunderrumbled.Withouthesitation,she2.grabbedhercoatand3.dashedtowardstheoldshelter,herheartpoundinglikeawilddrum.

天空立刻变暗了。雷声隆隆,恐惧笼罩着她。她毫不犹豫地抓起外套,冲向旧避难所,她的心像狂野的鼓声一样砰砰直跳。Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(发言稿——如何应对自然灾害)假定你是李华,你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Howtodealwithnaturaldisaster?”的分享与交流活动。请你写一篇发言稿,内容包括:(1)具体做法;(2)你的感想。根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作第一步字斟句酌优化表达①洪水、火山爆发、地震和海啸等自然灾害随时可能发生。(disaster,eruption,tsunami,occur)Naturaldisasters,suchasfloods,volcaniceruptions,earthquakesandtsunamis,canoccuratanytime.

②我们应该通过阅读自然灾害预防书籍来掌握丰富的自然灾害知识。(lookthrough)Weshouldmasterrichknowledgeofnaturaldisastersbylookingthroughbooksaboutnaturaldisasterprevention.

③当自然灾害真的发生时,我们应该保护我们的财产,确保我们有足够的食物、水、药品等。(property,分词短语作状语,sufficient)Whennaturaldisastersreallyoccur,weshouldprotectourproperty,makingsurewehavesufficientfood,water,medicineandsoon.

④我们应该保持冷静,努力拯救自己,去营救别人。(rescue)Weshouldkeepcalmandtrytosaveourselvesandgotorescueothers.

⑤只有这样,我们才能最终战胜自然灾害。(“only+状语”位于句首的倒装)Onlyinthiswaycanwedefeatnaturaldisastersintheend.

第二步恰当过渡完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)Hello,everyone!Naturaldisasters,suchasfloods,volcaniceruptions,earthquakesandtsunamis,canoccuratanytime.Firstofall,weshouldmasterrichknowledgeofnaturaldisastersbylookingthroughbooksaboutnaturaldisasterprevention.Secondly,whennaturaldisastersreallyoccur,weshouldprotectourproperty,makingsurewehavesufficientfood,water,medicineandsoon.Besides,weshouldkeepcalmandtrytosaveourselvesandgotorescueothers.Onlyinthiswaycanwedefeatnaturaldisastersintheend.Thankyou!Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升1.续写语料积累单词disastern.灾难,灾祸immediatelyadv. 即刻,马上hurricanen. 飓风landsliden. 山崩,滑坡typhoonn. 台风blizzardn. 暴风雪avalanchen. 雪崩occurv. 发生rescuev. 营救,解救claimv. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命)threatenv. 威胁到,危及helicoptern. 直升机strugglev. 奋斗,努力词块makeitto及时赶到……intheopenair 在户外acrowdof 一大群allofasudden 突然stareat 盯着看,凝视wearanexpressionofrelief露出如释重负的表情靓句1.IknewIhadtoactfast,soIsentoutadesperatecryforhelp.我知道我必须快点行动,所以我发出了绝望的求救声。2.Justwhenhopeseemedtobefading,afamiliarfigureemergedonthehorizon.就在希望似乎越来越渺茫的时候,一个熟悉的身影出现在地平线上。3.Inthatmoment,alltheangerandmisunderstandingsbetweenusseemedtomeltaway.在那一刻,我们之间所有的愤怒和误解似乎都消失了。4.Fromnowon,wewouldfacelife’schallengeshandinhand,strongerthaneverbefore.从现在开始,我们将携手面对生活的挑战,比以往任何时候都更加坚强。2.场景片段训练(历险脱困:求救→被丈夫找到→冰释前嫌)ItwasdaybreakwhenJanewokeup.①Weakasshewas(倒装),shestruggledtoherfeet,continuingsearchingforassistance.Tohergreatjoy,②ahelicopterwasflyingoverheadagainandagain.

③Eagerandexcited(形容词作状语),

shewavedheryellowblouseandsparednoefforttoyellsoastoattractothers’attention.Fortunately,④shewaseventuallynoticedandbroughtintothehelicopter.

There,shesawherhusband,amanstaringather,⑤wearinganexpressionofrelief(动词-ing形式作状语).Astightlyaspossible,shehuggedhimandwastoothrilledtosayanything.Besides,theyagreednevertoquarrelagain,⑥determinedtolivethelifetothefullest(形容词短语作状语).

简醒来时天已破晓。虽然她很虚弱,但她挣扎着站起来,继续寻求帮助。令她非常高兴的是,一架直升机一次又一次地从头顶飞过。她急切而兴奋地挥动着她的黄色上衣,并不遗余力地大喊大叫,以引起别人的注意。幸运的是,她最终被发现并被带到直升机上。在那里,她看到了她的丈夫,一个盯着她的男人,脸上带着如释重负的表情。她紧紧地抱住他,激动得说不出话来。此外,他们同意不再吵架,决定过最充实的生活。课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解※BrownGirlDreamingByJacquelineWoodsonAsawinneroftheNationalBookAward,theCorettaScottKingAward,andaNewberryHonorBook,inherbook,BrownGirlDreaming,theauthorusespoetrytotellhertruestoryofgrowingupasablackwomaninthe1960sand1970s.Woodson’sbeautifullanguageexploresbigideaswhiledescribingherfamily,hergrowingawarenessofraceandthecivilrightsmovement,andherlifeinSouthCarolinaandNewYorkCity.※WhenYouWereEverythingByAshleyWoodfolkCleoandLaylahavebeenbestfriendsforyears.Butintheirsecondyearofmiddleschool,everythingchanges.Laylastartshangingoutwithhernewfriends,andthetwogirls’friendshipslowlyends.Cleoisstilltryingtomakesenseofwhathappenedasshetriestomakenewfriends.Toldacrosstwotimelines,Cleo’sstoryofsadnesssurroundingalostfriendshipwillberelevantformany8thgraderstryingtodealwithpastmiddleschoolfrienddramaandlookingforwardtohighschool.※TheHoundoftheBaskervillesByArthurConanDoyleThefamousdetectiveSherlockHolmesandhisfriendWatsonsetouttolookintoanewcaseinDartmoor,England.Amanisdead,withmanydogpawprintsleadingtohisbody.HolmesandWatsonarriveinDartmoortofindseveralunexplainableeventsandclues.Together,theystarttofigureoutapuzzlethathasdefinedmysteryanddetectivefictioneversince.※TheHobbitByJ.R.R.TolkienThisstoryisanopenertothelongerandmorechallengingTheLordoftheRingstrilogy.It’sanadventurestorysetinafantasyworld.Withdwarves(小矮人),hobbits,swordfights,wizardsanddragons,thebook’splotandhumorhavestoodthetestoftime.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本图书。1.HowisBrownGirlDreamingdifferentfromtheotherbooks?A.Itfocusesoncitylife.B.Itusesclearlanguage.C.Ithaswonmanyawards.D.Ittellshumorousstories.答案C[细节理解题。根据BrownGirlDreaming部分中的“AsawinneroftheNationalBookAward,theCorettaScottKingAward,andaNewberryHonorBook”并结合对其他书的介绍可知,BrownGirlDreaming和其他书的区别在于这本书获得了许多奖项。故选C。]2.WhatisWhenYouWereEverythingmainlyabout?A.Friendshipandgrowth.B.Lostloveandgainedhope.C.Learningtobemoreindependent.D.Dealingwithpressurefromschoolwork.答案A[细节理解题。根据WhenYouWereEverything部分中的“bestfriendsforyears...thetwogirls’friendshipslowlyends...surroundingalostfriendship”和“dealwithpastmiddleschoolfrienddramaandlookingforwardtohighschool”可知,WhenYouWereEverything这本书主要是关于友谊和成长的。故选A。]3.Whichbooksuitswhoeverwantstoreadaboutadventures?A.TheHobbit.B.BrownGirlDreaming.C.WhenYouWereEverything.D.TheHoundoftheBaskervilles.答案A[细节理解题。根据TheHobbit部分中的“It’sanadventurestorysetinafantasyworld.”可知,TheHobbit适合那些对冒险故事感兴趣的读者。故选A。]Forthepast8years,K-9OfficerRonihasbeenbythesideofOfficerJoelNitchmanoftheDeerParkPoliceDepartment.They’vebeenthroughalottogether,andthecop(警察)thinksofthedogasamemberofhisownfamily.Recently,theteamhadjustreturnedtothestationwhenanEF-3tornadosuddenlyformednearby.Thewindpickedupfast.RememberingRoniwasstillinsidehiscageinthepatrolcar,Joeldidn’tthinktwiceaboutrushingoutsideintothestormtogethispartner.“Thethoughtofruinsorthecarflippingover...Icouldn’tdothattohim,”saidJoel.“Icouldn’thavehimoutthereduringthat.”Hefeltdebris(碎片)hittinghisfaceasheheadedintothewind,andheknewthesituationwasworseningwitheverypassingsecond.ConditionsworsenedevenfurtherwhenJoelmadeitaroundtotheothersideofthecar.Thewindandrainweresostrongthathecouldn’tgetthedooropen.Whenhefinallyopenedit,Ronirefusedtomove.“Icouldbarelyopenhisdoor,”Joelsaid.“WhenIdid,he’sasmartdog,hesawwhatwasgoingonoutsideandhesaidhewasnotcomingout.”Withalotofcoaxing(劝诱),Ronifinallyfollowedhispartneroutofthecar,andJoelwasabletoleadhimbythecollarbackintothesafetyofthestation.“Neverbeenthroughanythinglikethisbefore,”Joelsaidofthefrighteningevent.Nowthatthedangerhaspassed,hefeelsevenclosertohisK-9partner,andhe’ddoitalloveragain,ifhehadto.“Ilovethatdog,”heexplained.“He’sapartofourfamily.Wecan’tleavealovedonelikethat.There’snowayIwasgoingtoleavehimlikethat.”Welldone,officer!It’snicetoknowthatthesecopshaveeachother’sbacksthroughthickandthin.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了警察Joel和他的警犬搭档Roni共同经历龙卷风的故事。4.WhatistherelationshipbetweenRoniandJoellike?A.Plain. B.Distant.C.Terrible. D.Inseparable.答案D[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Forthepast8years,K-9OfficerRonihasbeenbythesideofOfficerJoelNitchman...thecop(警察)thinksofthedogasamemberofhisownfamily.”可知,Joel和Roni形影不离,Joel把Roni当作自己的家人看待,由此可知他们的关系很亲密,密不可分。故选D。]5.WhydidJoelrushoutdespitethecomingdisaster?A.Roniwasstillondutyoutside.B.Heattemptedtogetinsidethecar.C.HewenttorescueRonistuckinthecar.D.Hewantedtolearnmoreaboutthetornado.答案C[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“RememberingRoniwas...togethispartner.”可知,Joel冲出去是为了把还在巡逻车的笼子里的Roni带出来,即为了营救被困在车里的Roni。故选C。]6.WhatisthemostunexpecteddifficultyduringtherescueofRoni?A.Lackofofficialhelp.B.Roni’sfearofthedanger.C.Thepoorqualityofthedoor.D.Theunsafesituationofthestation.答案B[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“heknewthesituationwasworseningwitheverypassingsecond”可知,Joel对当时的天气等客观情况是了解的;再由第三段中的“Whenhefinallyopenedit,Ronirefusedtomove.”和“hesaidhewasnotcomingout”可知,Roni看到了车外糟糕的天气,害怕得不敢出来。由此可知,在救Roni的过程中,Joel没有预料到的困难是Roni对车外的危险的恐惧。]7.HowdoestheexperienceinfluenceRoniandJoel?A.Theyaremoreattachedtoeachother.B.Theyarenowlivingclosertoeachother.C.Theyhavemorelovedonesintheirlives.D.Theyaremoreindependentofeachother.答案A[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Nowthatthedangerhaspassed,hefeelsevenclosertohisK-9partner”可知,这段经历过后,Roni和Joel比以前更亲密了。故选A。]OnAugust21,1986,amanmakinghiswaytoNyos,avillagenearalakeinnorthwestCameroon,founddozensofdeadanimalsalongtheroad.Hecalledintoahometoseeiftheresidentsknewwhathadhappened.Insteadofgettinganswers,themandiscoveredthateveryoneinthevillagewasdead,thoughtheyseemedotherwiseunharmed.Withindays,officialsconfirmedthatmorethan1,700peoplehaddied,alongwithseveralthousandanimals.ThestrangeandtragiceventseemedsimilartoonethatoccurredatLakeMonountwoyearsearlier,just60milestothesouth,wherevillagersfound37peopleandmanyanimalsdeadalongitsshores.Initially,authoritieswereconfusedaboutthecause.Witnessesreportedhearingstrangesoundsandseeingasuddenriseofwhitecloudfromthelake,whichquicklydisappeared.Fortunately,thedisastercaughttheworld’sattention.ScientistsfromaroundtheglobegatheredinNyostoinvestigate.BecauseLakeNyossitsonaninactivevolcano,theirfirsttheorywasthatthevolcanohaderuptedandsentpoisonousgasesintotheair.Afterfurtherresearch,however,theyfoundthecausewasmuchmoreunusual.Thedeadlyeventswerecalledlimnic(湖泊的)eruptions.Althoughdeadlyandterrifying,limniceruptionsareextremelyunlikely.Theyoccurwhendissolved(溶解的)carbondioxide(CO2)suddenlyeruptsfromthedeepwatersofalake,formingadeadlygascloudabovethesurface.Becausecarbondioxideisheavierthanair,thecloudwillsinktowardtheground,killingwildlife,livestockandhumans.Carbondioxidedissolvesmoreeasilyinthedeep,coldpartsoflakes.Asaresult,thebottomofdeeplakecanhaveveryhighlevelsofcarbondioxide,whilethelevelsdecreasetowardsthelake’ssurface,andthepressureatthebottombuildsandbuilds.Anychangesinpressurecansetofftherapidandforcefulreleaseoftheaccumulatedcarbondioxide,causinganeruption.It’sunclearwhatcausedthelakestoexplode,butconsideringthey’reneartheOkuVolcanicField,it’spossiblethatanearthquakeorasmallvolcaniceruptionoccurredbeforeeachdisaster.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了喀麦隆西北部湖泊附近的尼奥斯村和莫农湖附近发生的生物无端大规模死亡的灾难性事件,并解释了其发生原因——湖泊喷发时产生的高浓度的二氧化碳杀死了人和动植物。8.Whyarethenumbersmentionedinparagraph2?A.Toarousetheempathyofthereaders.B.Todisplaythedestructiveeffectoftheevents.C.Toprovethenecessityofpreparingfordisasters.D.Tohighlightthedifficultylookingintothecause.答案B[推理判断题。由第一段可知,某村发生了动植物大量死亡的灾难性事件,而第二段则用具体数字展示了这些事件的破坏性影响。故选B项。]9.WhatistoblameforthemassdeathsinNyos?A.HighconcentrationsofCO2.B.Thegreatpowerofthelakeexplosion.C.Poisonousgasesfromavolcanoeruption.D.Thelakewaterfloodingthenearbyvillages.答案A[细节理解题。由第三段中的“Afterfurtherresearch,however,theyfound...calledlimnic(湖泊的)eruptions.”和第四段中的“Theyoccurwhendissolved(溶解的)...killingwildlife,livestockandhumans.”可知,尼奥斯的大规模死亡应该归咎于湖泊喷发时产生的高浓度的二氧化碳。故选A项。]10.Whichmayhavenothingtodowithlimniceruptions?A.Anearthquake.B.Dissolvedcarbondioxide.C.Greatpressuredifferences.D.Warmenvironments.答案D[细节理解题。由倒数第二段和最后一段可知,高含量的二氧化碳、巨大的压力差和地震都有可能导致湖泊喷发。故选D项。]11.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acharityposter. B.Abiography.C.Asciencemagazine. D.Aculturalwebsite.答案C[文章出处题。通读全文可知,文章讲述了喀麦隆西北部湖泊附近的尼奥斯村和莫农湖附近发生的生物无端大规模死亡的灾难性事件,并解释了其发生原因——湖泊喷发时产生的高浓度的二氧化碳杀死了人和动植物。本文属于科普知识一类,因此文章可能出自“一本科学杂志”。故选C项。]Ⅱ.七选五TaiChi,agentlemartialartoriginatinginChinaandinvolvingslowmovementswithafocusonbreathingandonwhatyourbodyisdoinginthatmoment,providesnumerousbenefitsforbothphysicalandmentalwell-being.HerearefiveconvincingreasonstobringTaiChiintoyourroutine.•It’seasyonthebody.TaiChioffersgentleexercisesuitableforindividualsofallagesandfitnesslevels.1,asmusclesremainrelaxedwithoutanystretchingorstraining.It’sanexercisethatcanbeeasilyadaptedforlessablepeople,includingthoseinwheelchairs.

•Itcouldpreventfalls.Areviewofstudiesconductedin2019indicatedthatTaiChicouldlowertheriskof