2026版创新设计高考总复习英语(外研版)教师用-第二节　名词性从句

第二节名词性从句在复合句中相当于名词的从句,称为名词性从句,主要分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四类。名词性从句的引导词及其用法如下:类别引导词意义功能从属连词that无意义不充当成分whether/if是否不充当成分连接代词what(ever)(无论)什么主语、宾语、表语、定语which(ever)(无论)哪一个主语、宾语、定语who(ever)(无论)谁主语、宾语、表语whom谁宾语whose谁的定语连接副词when何时时间状语where哪里地点状语why为何原因状语how如何方式状语考点一主语从句在句中作主语的从句称为主语从句。1.主语从句的引导词主语从句的引导词主要有三类:从属连词that、whether、if;连接代词what、who、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever等;连接副词when、where、why、how。Whatmakesitstrikingisthatitshowsathinfigurewithanexpressionoffear—thefigure’smouthiswideopenandlettingoutapowerfulscream.(北师大必三U7)这幅画之所以引人注目,是因为画中展示了一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——这个人嘴巴大张,正发出强烈的尖叫声。WhyMayacivilisationcollapsedremainsamystery.(外研选四U5)玛雅文明衰落的原因仍然是个谜。Everyyear,whoevermakesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.每年,谁做的风筝最漂亮,谁就会在风筝节上获奖。Howyoucansatisfytheneedsofpotentialclientsmosteffectivelyshouldbethefocusofyourbusiness.(译林选四U3)如何最有效地满足潜在客户的需求应该是你业务的重点。2.it作形式主语的句型·It+be+形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)+that从句·It+be+名词(短语)(apity/ashame/nowonder/nosurprise等)+that从句·It+be+过去分词(said/believed/expected/thought/known/reported等)+that从句·It+特殊动词(seems,appears,happens,matters等)+that从句Bychangingthelandscapeinthisway,itispossiblethattheMayapeopleunknowinglyreducedtheirabilitytodealwithnaturaldisasters.(外研选四U5)

玛雅人以这种方式改变地貌,很可能在不知不觉中降低了他们应对自然灾害的能力。Itisnosurprisethatbeingone’sownbossisappealingtomanypeople.(译林选四U3)

做自己的老板对很多人都有吸引力,这并不奇怪。Itissaidthatthetwoartistsadmiredeachother.(北师大选三U7)

据说这两位艺术家都很欣赏彼此。Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.(人教选二U1)

这个女人似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水,所以她每天都叫人把水送到家里。考点二宾语从句在句中作宾语的从句称为宾语从句。1.宾语从句的引导词与主语从句的引导词大致一样,在句中可以作及物动词、介词及部分形容词的宾语。ThisexperiencehasmademerealizethatIamreallygoodatdrawingandhavegreattalentforfashiondesign,andhasinspiredmetopursuefashiondesignasmycareer.(译林选四U3)这段经历让我意识到我真的很擅长绘画,并且在服装设计方面有很大的天赋,并激励我将服装设计作为自己的职业。It’salsovitaltolookbackontheprocesstoseewhatyoudidwellandwhereimprovementsarestillneeded.(译林选四U3)回顾这个过程,看看你在哪些方面做得好,哪些方面还需要改进,这也是至关重要的。Asecondtipistoanalyseyourtargetmarketcarefullytoseewhether/ifitisworthentering,andifso,howyoushouldrunyourbusiness.(译林选四U3)第二条建议是仔细分析你的目标市场,看看它是否值得进入,如果值得,你应该如何经营你的业务。2.it作形式宾语的句型·动词find/feel/think/consider/make+it+宾补(形容词或名词)+that从句·动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy+it+that从句·动词短语seeto/dependon/relyon+it+that从句·固定搭配takeitforgranted/oweittosb+that从句Ifinditsurprisingthatheplayedthepianosowell.

他钢琴弹得这么好,我感到很惊讶。WemakeitarulethatwegototheEnglishCornertopracticeEnglisheveryafternoon.

我们定下规矩,每天下午都要去英语角练习英语。考点三表语从句在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。引导表语从句的引导词与引导主语从句的引导词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用asif,because和why引导。Flowersinaglasshousemaygrowfast,butthat’snotwheretheflowersbelong.(译林选四U3)温室里的花可能长得很快,但那不是它们的归宿。ButthegreatestmysteryofalliswhatcausedtheMayatoabandonmostoftheirgreatcities.(外研选四U5)但最大的谜团是什么原因导致玛雅人抛弃了他们大部分的大城市。Onestrongargumentfortakingagapyearisthatitgivesusachancetolearnskillsthatwenormallydon’tlearninschool.(译林选四U3)一个支持间隔年的有力理由是,它让我们有机会学习通常在学校学不到的技能。考点四同位语从句同位语从句用以说明其前面某一名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导,可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有:advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word(消息)等。ThefactthatMayasocietywastechnologicallyprimitivemakesitsachievementsallthemoreincredibleandmysterious.(外研选四U5)玛雅社会在技术上是原始的,这一事实使得它的成就更加令人难以置信、神秘莫测。1.that与what引导的名词性从句的区别that在从句中不充当句子成分,也没有含义;what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语,意思是“什么,什么……的事情,什么样的”。Ourteachermadearequestthatwe(should)bewellpreparedfortheexam.老师要求我们为考试做好充分准备。Wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplantoapplywhatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessions.我们必须写一篇论文,内容是我们打算如何将课堂上学到的知识应用到未来的职业中。2.wh-与wh-ever引导的名词性从句的区别连接词what、which、who分别表示“……的东西或事情”“哪一个”“谁”,表示疑问含义;而whatever、whichever、whoever分别相当于anythingthat、any...that、anyonewho,意为“无论……”,强调一切情况。试比较:Whatismostextraordinaryaboutthesecomplexstructuresishowtheywerebuiltwithouttheuseofwheels,metaltoolsorevenanimalpower.(外研选四U5)这些复杂的建筑最不寻常之处在于它们是如何在没有使用机轮、金属工具甚至畜力的情况下建造的。Duringthisperiod,whateverpeopleexperienceisfreshandexcitingtothem.(人教选二U2)在此期间,人们所经历的一切对他们而言都是新鲜的、令人兴奋的。3.whether与if引导的名词性从句的区别(1)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末,且前面需用it作形式主语。Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.这是否真实依然是个问题。Itisunknownwhether/ifhewillattendthemeeting.他是否会来参加会议还不清楚。(2)whether与if引导宾语从句时一般可以互换,但是如果直接与ornot连用或用于介词后时,只能用whether。Henryenteredthegentlemen’shouse,wonderingwhether/iftheywouldofferajob.(人教必三U5)亨利走进绅士们的房子,想知道他们是否会提供给他一份工作。Therewasaheatedargumentaboutwhetherhewassuitablefortheposition.关于他是否适合这个职位有过激烈的争论。(3)whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句,而if不可以。Thequestioniswhetherhecanfinishthetaskontimeornot.问题在于他是否能按时完成任务。Beforemakingthedecisionwhetherweshouldweartheschooluniform,wehavetobalancetheadvantagesagainstthedisadvantages.在决定是否穿校服之前,我们必须权衡利弊。【典例1】Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellforhethoughtwasnotenough.

答案what[介词for后为宾语从句,hethought作插入语,而且was前缺主语。在这种情况下用what,what可分解为thepricethat,原句可转化为“Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellforthepricethathethoughtwasnotenough.”。]【典例2】MassiveOpenOnlineCourses,calledMOOCs,arechangingpeoplelearninmanyplaces.

答案how[分析句子结构可知,changing后为宾语从句,空处作宾语从句中的方式状语,即“怎样学习”,故应用how。]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thetoweringpeaksseemasiftheyarenaturalblockadespreventingthebitterwindfromenteringthezoneandthatseemstobehow/whytheweatherhereisregulated.(2025·巢湖高三二模)2.Whatshedidn’texpectwasthesuddenpopularityofthewallpaperontheInternet,withmanynetizensaskinghertoshareit.(2025·雄安新区部分高三三模)3.Howthisisactuallyachievedisaninterestingprocess.(2025·武汉部分学校高三模拟)4.ButwhatbestrepresentsChina’smodernindustrialpowerispossiblytheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.(2025·江西师大附中高三三模)5.Whatmostpeopledon’tknowisthatSoracandomorethanjustcreatevideosfromscratch.(2025·重庆高三二模)6.Alaborerexplainswhyheriskshislifetomakerepairstotheancientstructure.(2025·湛江高三二模)7.AllthebooksaboutMaMianQun,whethertheyarerelatedtocostumes,operasorculturalrelics,onlyshowthatthesmoothsurfacewithoutpleats(褶皱)inthemiddleiscalled“MaMian”,butthereisnofurtherexplanationforthesourceof“MaMian”.(2025·辽宁协作校高三三模)8.By1892Dieselhadobtainedapatentforwhatwenowcallthedieselengine.(2025·梅州高三二模)9.Thequestionofwhyit’snamedsohasalwaysbeenpuzzling.(2025·张家界高三二模)10.ItremainstobeseenwhethertheywillsucceedintheirattempttoclearuptheBermudaTriangle“mystery”thistimearound.(2025·海口高三二模)Ⅱ.语法与写作1.Whatmatteredwastheconnectionwehadformedthroughwordsonpaper.

重要的是我们通过纸上的文字形成的联系。2.Itdawnedonmethattheessenceoffriendshipisaprofoundconnectiononthebasisofmutualcompassionandunderstanding.

我突然意识到,友谊的本质是在相互同情和理解的基础上建立的深厚联系。3.Hearingmywords,Davidturnedtometremblinglywithtearsspillingoutofhiseyesandexpressedhehadmadeafirmdeterminationtofinishthecross-countryrun.

大卫听了我的话,颤抖地转过身来,眼泪夺眶而出,他说他已经下定决心要完成越野赛跑。4.Cathyabruptlycoveredherwide-openedmouth,feelingasifherheartwouldjumpout.

凯茜突然捂住她张开的嘴,感觉似乎她的心都要跳出来了。5.IholdthefirmbeliefthatnothingisdifficultifIputmyheartintoit.

我坚信,只要我全心投入,没有什么是困难的。Ⅲ.语篇提能练Itwasreported1.therewasanaccidentatthecornerofRomanStreetthismorning.Noonesaw2.onearthhappenedthen.Acarranintoatruckbutfortunately,nobodygotinjured.3.isresponsiblefortheaccidentisstillunderinvestigation.Thepoliceareuncertainabout4.thedriverisguilty.5.thepoliceshoulddonowis6.theymustfindoutwhatledtotheaccident.Theysaiditwasdifficultforthemtojudgebecause7.theaccidenthappenedwasnotclear.Perhapsthereasonwas8.thedriverwastootiredtostopthecarintime.Thedriverdidn’tadmitthefact9.hewasd