2025年广东省汕头市高考英语三模试卷

第1页（共1页）2025年广东省汕头市高考英语三模试卷二、阅读阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．（7.5分）Asanafiliate（附属队）oftheNewYorkMets，afamousMajorLeagueBaseball（MLB）team，theSyracuseMetsservesasacrucialsteppingstoneforplayersaimingtoreachtheMajorLeagues.Ifyou'reafanofbaseballorplayerdevelopment，theirgamesareagreatwaytoseerisingstarsinaction!WhattoExpectatSyracuseMetsGamesExcitinggamesfeaturingpromisingplayersontheirwaytoMLB.Funpromotionssuchasthemenights，fireworks，andspecialgiveaways.Family﹣friendlyatmosphere，withgreatfood，drinks，andseatingoffered.SyracuseMetsHomeGamesTuesday，1April﹣Sunday，21September2025NBTBankStadium，Syracuse，NewYorkTicketsTicketTypePriceDescriptionDugoutBox＄25NearthefrontofthefieldwithacloserviewOutfieldBox＄20FrontsectionoftheoutfieldwithanopenviewUpperReserved＄18Uppersectionsofthestadium4﹣TopTable＄150Four﹣persontablewithmorespaceandcomfortNotesSeniors（62+）andkids（12&under）getaS4discountonUpperReservedseats.Tableseatsoffertableserviceforfoodanddrinks.KnowbeforeyoubuyIfagameispostponedorrescheduledduetoweatherorotherreasons，yourticketwillbevalidforthenewdate.Ifagameiscanceledandnotrescheduled，wewillautomaticallyprocessrefunds（退款）.Ifagameoccursasscheduledandtheticketholdercannotattend，refundsarenotoffered.YoucanchangeyourticketanduseitforanySyracuseMetsHomeGamewithinIyearoftheoriginallyscheduledeventtheticketwaspurchasedfor.（1）WhatcanbeanticipatedatSyracuseMetsGames？A.MeetingMLBstarplayers.B.Enjoyingfreefoodanddrinks.C.Witnessingemergingathletes'growth.D.Receivingfamily﹣friendlygiveaways.（2）Whichtickettypechargesthemost？A.DugoutBox.B.OutfieldBox.C.UpperReserved.D.4﹣TopTable.（3）Whatwillhappentoticketholdersifagameisdelayed？A.Theyneedtopayfornewtickets.B.Theywouldgetrefundsautomatically.C.Theycanusetheticketsforthenewdate.D.Theycouldreselltheticketswithinoneyear.2．（10分）Eight﹣year﹣oldS.HarirajisaFoldscopedevotee.He'susedittoexaminethemilkfromhisfamily'scows.Thoughthemilklookscreamy，theFoldscoperevealsaworldofmicroorganisms."Ithastobeboiledandcooledbeforewecandrinkit，"herealized.Thisincredibledeviceisnoordinarymicroscope.Madefromwaterproof，tear﹣resistantpaper，itcomesinasmallbagwithpartsthatcanbeattachedinminutes.Magnets（磁铁）holdittogether，andatinylens（透镜）allowsittoenlargeobjectsupto140times.Oncebuilt，it'snolargerthanabookmark，smallenoughtoslipintoapocket.Andthebestpart？Itcostsjust＄2toproduce，andmillionsofchildreninlow﹣incomecountriesgetthemforfree.TheideafortheFoldscopebeganwithManuPrakash，aprofessoratStanfordUniversity，whogrewupinIndia.Asasixthgrader，heandhisclassmatesfailedtodrawamicroscopeinatest—noneofthemhadeverseenone.Microscopeswereexpensive，andnotallschoolscouldaffordawell﹣equippedlab."Thespiritofexplorationwascriticaltothestudyofscience，"saysPrakash."Butinordertodevelopthatspirit，youneedtherighttools."Determinedtochangethesituation，Prakashspentyearsexperimenting，evenborrowinglensesfromhisbrother'sglasses.In2014，heandhisPh.D.studentfinallydevelopedtheFoldscope，usingpaper﹣foldingtechniquestocreateanalternativetotraditionalmicroscopes.YoungHarirajencounteredtheFoldscopeatEdenSchoolinsouthernIndia，whereithastransformedsciencelessons.Childreneagerlyrushoutdoors，searchingforants，flowers，andleavestoexamine."IjustlovethelookofamazementwhenkidslookintotheFoldscope，"saysIndiraPandiarajan，theschoolprincipal."Whentheireyeslightup，Iknowthat'sthemomenttheywillacceptscienceenthusiasticallyandlearningfortherestoftheirlives."（1）WhydoestheauthormentionHarirajinparagraph1？A.Tointroducehishobby.B.Todescribehisfamilylife.C.Toexplainmilk'scomponents.D.ToshowFoldscope'spracticaluse.（2）WhatisafeatureoftheFoldscopeaccordingtothetext？A.Itisuser﹣friendly.B.Itismagnetic﹣resistant.C.Itisintendedforbooklovers.D.Itprovidesstep﹣by﹣stepinstructions.（3）WhatmotivatedManuPrakashtodeveloptheFoldscope？A.Hispassionforpaper﹣foldingart.B.Auniversityprojectassignedbyhisprofessor.C.ThepopularityofportablesciencetoolsinIndia.D.Thehighcostandlackofmicroscopesinhischildhoodschool.（4）WhichstatementwouldIndiraPandiarajanprobablyagreewith？A.ScientificspiritunitesresearchersinIndia.B.TheFoldscopefacilitatessciencelearning.C.TheFoldscopeeasesteachingworkload.D.Scientificspiritfuelsheadmasters'enthusiasm.3．（10分）Oneofthetopsourcesofaddedsugarinchildren'sdietsinAmericaisintheirbreakfastcereal（麦片）.AstudypublishedintheAmericanJournalofPreventiveMedicineshowsthatadvertisingdrivessalesofhigh﹣sugarcerealswhenit'saimeddirectlyatkidsunder12﹣butnotwhenittargetsadults.Inthestudy，researcherslookedatallcerealspurchasedby77，000U.S.householdsoveranine﹣yearperiod，between2008and2017.TheyalsolookedatNielsenratingsdata，whichcloselymonitoredalltheadsthatpeopleinahouseholdsaw﹣bothchildrenandadults.Whattheyfoundwasastrongrelationshipbetweenhowmuchadvertisingwastargetedtokidsandhowmuchsugarycerealthathouseholdswithchildrenbought.Bycontrast，therewasnolinktoincreasedpurchaseswhenadstargetedadults.Andtheseextensivedataalsoshowedthatbehaviorsthatwerelearnedinchildhoodcouldtrackintoadulthood，whichcouldleadtopoorhealthoutcomesoveralifetime.Thestudyisthefirsttodirectlycomparetheinfluenceoffoodadvertisingexposurebychildrenwiththatofadults.Thefindingsoffernovelevidenceofhowfoodmarketingturnschildrenintothe"ultimateweapon"ininfluencingfamilyspendingbecausetheyconsistentlyasktheirparentstopurchase﹣aconceptknownas"pesterpower".ThefoodindustrylaunchedtheChildren'sFoodandBeverageAdvertisingInitiative，avoluntaryefforttopoliceitself.The21participatingfoodcompaniesmadeacommitmenttocutbackonmarketingunhealthyfoodstochildrenunder12﹣laterrevisedtounder13.Anewstudyconductedin2024showedthatchildren'sexposuretocerealadsonTVprogrammingaimedatkidshasdroppeddramatically.ButLindseySmithTaillie，afoodpolicyresearcherattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill，saysthesevoluntaryeffortsaren'tmakingadifference.Advertisements，likekids'eyeballs，aremovingonline，makingitevenhardertoknowwhatmarketingchildrenarebeingexposedto，Taillienotes.（1）Whatdidthestudyfindaboutchild﹣targetedfoodads？A.Theyhadnoconnectionwithadults'purchases.B.Theywerelesseffectivethanadult﹣targetedads.C.Theymightaffectchildren'shealthinthelongrun.D.Theycouldreducechildren'sinterestinsugaryfood.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"pesterpower"inparagraph3mean？A.Parents'unconditionallove.B.Children'suncontrolledspending.C.Parents'growingconsumption.D.Children'srepeatedpurchaserequests.（3）Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？A.Anexpectationforfurtherstudy.B.Thefollow﹣upinfluenceofthestudy.C.Alimitationoftheresearchmethod.D.Thepotentialapplicationofthefindings.（4）WhatisTallie'sattitudetowardthevoluntaryefforts？A.Favorable.B.Tolerant.C.Disapproving.D.Reserved.4．（10分）Thismightsoundimpossiblyold﹣fashioned，butIstillliketheideathateducationisaboutlearning：facts，skills，culture，analysis，inspiration.It'ssupposedtomakeusbettercitizens.Butoverthelastdecade，thegoaloflearninghasgivenwaytogradesanddegrees.Theunfortunateresulthasbeeninflation（膨胀）ofboth.Theyriseeverhigher；learningdoesn't.Toavoiddiscouragingstudents，someschooldistrictsdidawaywithDandFgrades.Grade﹣pointaverageshaveconsistentlyriseneventhoughscoresonnationwidestandardizedexamssuchastheSAThavenot.It'snotthatIthinkstandardizedtestsarethefinalwordinmeasuringexcellence.Butwhenthegapsbetweengradesandtestscoresarethiswideandconsistent，parentsandthepublicshouldnotbefooled.That'struenotjustoflow﹣achievingstudents.Ina2023survey，educatorssaidthatclosetohalfofstudentsargueforhighergradesthantheyearn，and8outof10teachersgivein.It'shardtoblamethem：Athirdormoreofstudentsandparentsdisturbthemwhentheydon't.Unearnedgradesaredamaginginmanyways.Somestudents，armedwithgoodgrades，marchofftocollegetofindthemselvesinremedial（补习的）classesbecausetheyhaven'tlearnedenoughtotakecollege﹣levelcourses.Employerscomplainthathighschoolandevencollegegraduateslackbasicskillsneededintheworkforce.Therearealsocomplaintsfromcollegeprofessorsthatthestudentsaren'tevengoodatreadingbooks.Gradeinflationhasfollowedstudentsintocollege.Someprofessorshesitatetogradeaccuratelybecauseofstudentevaluations，whichareoftenmorenegativefortoughgraders.Rememberthatabout70%ofcollegeinstructorsareadjunct（兼职）professorswhohavefewjobprotections.ManyIvyLeaguestudentshavelearnedtocherry﹣pickeasy﹣gradingprofessors.YetaBrownUniversitystudyfoundthatstudentstakingcoursesfromprofessorswithstrictergradingstandardslearnedmore.Wehavetoaskourselvesasasociety：Dowewantcollegetobeaplaceofintellectualgrowth—oraperformativeexerciseingradefishing？（1）Whatareparentsfooledintothinking？A.SATisthebestmeasureoftheirchildren'sabilities.B.Thepurposeofeducationistomakebettercitizens.C.Grade﹣pointaveragesarevitalforcollegeapplication.D.Children'shighgradesreflecttheirexceptionalabilities.（2）Whatisaconsequenceofgradeinflation？A.Employersfavorstudentswithhigherdegrees.B.Graduatesfallshortofemployers'expectations.C.Remedialclassesbecomerequiredcoursesincollege.D.Low﹣achievingstudentsfindithardertoentercollege.（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph？A.Toughgradersdesirejobsecurity.B.Strictgradingpromotesreallearning.C.Studentevaluationsfuelintellectualgrowth.D.Easy﹣gradingprofessorsstartgradeinflation.（4）Whatisthebesttitleofthetext？A.Thegameofscores.B.Today，GradeAisforaverage.C.Theforcebehindgradeinflation.D.Now，learningtakesthefrontseat.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。5．（12.5分）Therearesomanydefinitionsofwisdom.Simplyput，wisdomisamixofinsight，commonsense，experience，andresultstosoundjudgement.Itisnotmerelyadesirablequalitybutanabsolutenecessityinaworldfilledwithchaos，controversy，andconflicts.（1）Itshinesourwaythroughdarkness.Growingupwithfairytalesandfantasymovies，IalwaysassociatedwisdomwithGandalf，Yoda，andAlbusDumbledore.Althoughthesecharactershavegiveneveryoneofustonsofinspiration，wisdomactuallylieswithinourselves.（2）Andhow？Embarkingonnewexperiencesisanavenueforacquiringwisdom.Youwillnevergrowfrombeinginyourcomfortzone，whichiswhyyouneedtogetoutofit.Dochangeyourroutineandexperienceasmuchaswhatlifetakesyouto!Infact，therearealwaysseveralsidestoalifestory.Toidentifythetruth，youneedtobereceptivetodifferentviews.（3）Itisnotemotion﹣basedeither.Instead，trainyourmindtobeajudgment﹣freespaceforideas.Open﹣mindednessopensnewpathwaystoprofoundinsights.Whatifyouaredesperateforpersonalgrowthandimprovement？（4）Themoretimeyouspendwiththem，themoretransferofknowledgetherewillbe.Yourtutorscanbewhoeveriswiserthanyou.Yetpriortothat，engageindialoguewiththemtofindoutwhy.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.（5）Itisimportanttoacknowledgethatittakesaspanofyourlifeandcontinuousefforttomatureinwisdomasyounavigatelife'schallenges.A．Individualsneedtobringitout.B．Itisn'tsomethingyouarebornwith.C．Knowledgespeaks，butwisdomlistens.D．Rememberdevelopingwisdomisbeyondadestination.E．Ashortcuttodothatistohavewisepeopleasyourtutors.F．Neverbaseyourperspectiveonthemostpopularopinions.G．Inordertonavigateinit，wisdombecomesourguidinglight.三、基础知识运用与写作阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。6．（15分）Mylifeusedtobelikeeveryminutewasrushing.Mythoughtswerecontrolledbyascheduleof（1）tasks.HoweverhardItried，therewasneverenoughtimeto（2）.Sixyearsago，Iwasblessedwithastop﹣and﹣smell﹣the﹣rosestypeofchild.WhenI（3）toleave，she'dslowlychooseherpurse.WhenIneededto（4）aquicklunch，she'dchatwithstrangers.My（5）phrasetoherwas"Hurryup!"Oneday，everythingchanged.Atthegrocerystore，mydaughtercomplained，"You'resoslow!"Shecrossedherarmsandsighed（叹气）（6）.Suddenly，IsawinherhowIpushedhertohurryallthetime，andhowmyhurriedlifestylewas（7）her."Sorry，"Iwhispered，"I'llbemorepatient.Thankyoufor（8）me."Shelookedsurprised，butacceptedit.Removing"hurryup"frommyspeechiseasybutdeveloping（9）ishard.Now，Itrytogiveherextratimeto（10）beforewegosomewhere.Duringoutdoorwalks，Ilethersetthe（11）.Ifshestopsto（12）something，I'llpushmy（13）outofmyheadandsimplyobserveher—hersmileandthewayshespottedinterestinginsects.She'sa"Noticer"，whofindsjoyin（14）things.Now，Ineversay，"Hurryup."Thosewords（15）lifeitself.Pausingforsimplejoysistheonlywaytotrulylive.（1）A.endlessB.limitedC.minorD.finished（2）A.workoutB.cheerupC.hangoutD.catchup（3）A.hesitatedB.claimedC.dreamedD.rushed（4）A.prepareB.grabC.deliverD.select（5）A.trickyB.uniqueC.constantD.magic（6）A.inreliefB.withregretC.inannoyanceD.withconfusion（7）A.inspiringB.hurtingC.movingD.toughening（8）A.teachingB.trainingC.defendingD.comforting（9）A.visionB.awarenessC.patienceD.closeness（10）A.complainB.chatC.relaxD.prepare（11）A.goalB.paceC.standardD.example（12）A.buyB.changeC.recallD.admire（13）A.memoryB.agendaC.promiseD.doubt（14）A.imaginaryB.boringC.smallD.original（15）A.denyB.simplifyC.revealD.waste阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。7．（15分）AstemperaturesrisethroughoutChina，farmershavelaunchedthespringplowingseason，anessentialpartofthecountry'sagriculturalcalendar.Springplowing，knownaschungenginChinese，（1）（set）thefoundationfortheyear'sgrainproduction.IntheNorthChinaPlain，（2）wheatisamajorcrop，farmershavebeenbusypreparingthesoil，carefullytestedandcertifiedbylocalagriculturalstations，（3）agoodharvest.Meanwhile，insouthernprovinces，farmersaretransplantingyoungplantsintowaterloggedfields.Recently，Chineseauthoritieshave（4）（steady）promotedthedevelopmentofnew﹣qualityproductiveforcesinagriculture，targetingsmartagricultureasatechnologicalbreakthroughtoenhanceefficiencyinfarming.OnegoodexampleisHenan's"Central﹣ChinaAgriculturalValley"project，which（5）（equip）withmonitoringstationsandsatellites.Itconstantlycollectsdatarelatedtograingrowth（6）sendsittoananalyticsystem，providingtimely（7）（guide）forfarmers.TheChineseareholdingfirmlyonto（8）（they）ricebowlsandbehindthis，agriculturaltechnologyisplayinganincreasinglyimportantrole.Technologicalcontributionsnowrepresent（9）notable60%ofagriculturalgrowthin2023.SongLili，aresearcherwiththeChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences，toldXinhua."With（10）（limit）farmland，innovationisvitaltoensurestablegrainproduction."四、写作8．（15分）假定你是李华，上周你参加了志愿者社团组织的"帮助老人跨越数字鸿沟"活动，请你写一篇短文在班级英语展示角分享此次活动，内容包括：（1）活动内容；（2）你的体会。注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。BridgingtheDigitalDividefortheElderly______阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。9．（25分）Inthehubofacity，sandwichedbetweenskyscrapersandhigh﹣riseswasatinybutvibrantanimalshelterbythenameof"PawsHome".Servingasanicehaven（避难所）fornumeroushomelessanimals，itofferedfood，shelterandcare.Oneday，youngJackandGracewalkedbytheshelterandnoticedasignforavoluntaryservice.Jackwasabsorbedimmediately，"Grace，justtakeintoconsiderationthosesadanimalsinurgentneedofhelp.Let'sjointobevolunteers."Grace，however，showedsomewhatuncertainty，"Iamnotsure，Jack，voluntaryservicetakeshardwork，andwehaveschooltogotoandsomethingelsetodo."Jackinsisted，"justthinkaboutwhatameaningfuldifferencewewouldmaketothehomelessanimals.Don'thesitate!Doitnow!"Eventually，Gracenodded.BothJackandGracerantotheanimalshelterandsprangintoaction.Sweepingtheshelter，feedingtheanimalsandhavinggameswiththemweregreatfunforthem.Withdayspassing，theybecameattachedtothelovelycreaturesandfeltasenseofpride.OnoneSundayafternoonfullofsunshine，whenmakingnicemealsforthelovely，Jackhappenedtohearaconversation，leavinghimworried.Theshelter'sdirector，Mr.Frank，wastellingaworkerafinancialcrisisPawsHomewasfacedwith.Asdonationsweredecliningandrunningcostswererising，theshelterwasontheverge（边缘）ofbeingclosed."Theshelterwillstopinthenearfuture"，sighedMr.Frank.JacktoldGracethenewspromptly（马上）.Surely，bothofthemfelthowurgentitwastofindawayout."Wecan'twaitdoingnothing，"Gracesaid，resolveshininginhereyes，"wehavetotakeactionagain."Theyimmediatelyputforwardagoodplan：stageacommunityfundraisingcalled"AnEveningforPaws"—animalstalentshow，bakesaleandauction（拍卖）onthesquare.Theweeksthatfollowedsawhowbusytheywere.Jackpersuadedsomelocalshopstodonatepetsupplies，bakedgoods，andartworksfortheauction.Atthesametime，Gracepromotedtheeventonline，attractingattentionfast.Shedesignedposterswhichwouldappearintheneighborhood.（1）续写词数应为150左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thencamethedaywhenthecommunityfundraisingstarted.________Overexcited，Mr.Frank，couldn'tbemoregratefultoeveryone.________

2025年广东省汕头市高考英语三模试卷参考答案与试题解析二、阅读阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．（7.5分）Asanafiliate（附属队）oftheNewYorkMets，afamousMajorLeagueBaseball（MLB）team，theSyracuseMetsservesasacrucialsteppingstoneforplayersaimingtoreachtheMajorLeagues.Ifyou'reafanofbaseballorplayerdevelopment，theirgamesareagreatwaytoseerisingstarsinaction!WhattoExpectatSyracuseMetsGamesExcitinggamesfeaturingpromisingplayersontheirwaytoMLB.Funpromotionssuchasthemenights，fireworks，andspecialgiveaways.Family﹣friendlyatmosphere，withgreatfood，drinks，andseatingoffered.SyracuseMetsHomeGamesTuesday，1April﹣Sunday，21September2025NBTBankStadium，Syracuse，NewYorkTicketsTicketTypePriceDescriptionDugoutBox＄25NearthefrontofthefieldwithacloserviewOutfieldBox＄20FrontsectionoftheoutfieldwithanopenviewUpperReserved＄18Uppersectionsofthestadium4﹣TopTable＄150Four﹣persontablewithmorespaceandcomfortNotesSeniors（62+）andkids（12&under）getaS4discountonUpperReservedseats.Tableseatsoffertableserviceforfoodanddrinks.KnowbeforeyoubuyIfagameispostponedorrescheduledduetoweatherorotherreasons，yourticketwillbevalidforthenewdate.Ifagameiscanceledandnotrescheduled，wewillautomaticallyprocessrefunds（退款）.Ifagameoccursasscheduledandtheticketholdercannotattend，refundsarenotoffered.YoucanchangeyourticketanduseitforanySyracuseMetsHomeGamewithinIyearoftheoriginallyscheduledeventtheticketwaspurchasedfor.（1）WhatcanbeanticipatedatSyracuseMetsGames？CA.MeetingMLBstarplayers.B.Enjoyingfreefoodanddrinks.C.Witnessingemergingathletes'growth.D.Receivingfamily﹣friendlygiveaways.（2）Whichtickettypechargesthemost？DA.DugoutBox.B.OutfieldBox.C.UpperReserved.D.4﹣TopTable.（3）Whatwillhappentoticketholdersifagameisdelayed？CA.Theyneedtopayfornewtickets.B.Theywouldgetrefundsautomatically.C.Theycanusetheticketsforthenewdate.D.Theycouldreselltheticketswithinoneyear.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的Ifyou'reafanofbaseballorplayerdevelopment，theirgamesareagreatwaytoseerisingstarsinaction（如果你是棒球迷或球员发展爱好者，他们的比赛是观看新星比赛的好方法），可知在锡拉丘兹大都会运动会，可以见证新兴运动员的成长。故选C。（2）细节理解题。对比表格里的各个类型的票价，可知4﹣TopTable票的价格最高。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Ifagameispostponedorrescheduledduetoweatherorotherreasons，yourticketwillbevalidforthenewdate（如果比赛因天气或其他原因推迟或重新安排，您的门票将在新日期有效），可知如果比赛延期，持票人的票可以用于新日期。故选C。2．（10分）Eight﹣year﹣oldS.HarirajisaFoldscopedevotee.He'susedittoexaminethemilkfromhisfamily'scows.Thoughthemilklookscreamy，theFoldscoperevealsaworldofmicroorganisms."Ithastobeboiledandcooledbeforewecandrinkit，"herealized.Thisincredibledeviceisnoordinarymicroscope.Madefromwaterproof，tear﹣resistantpaper，itcomesinasmallbagwithpartsthatcanbeattachedinminutes.Magnets（磁铁）holdittogether，andatinylens（透镜）allowsittoenlargeobjectsupto140times.Oncebuilt，it'snolargerthanabookmark，smallenoughtoslipintoapocket.Andthebestpart？Itcostsjust＄2toproduce，andmillionsofchildreninlow﹣incomecountriesgetthemforfree.TheideafortheFoldscopebeganwithManuPrakash，aprofessoratStanfordUniversity，whogrewupinIndia.Asasixthgrader，heandhisclassmatesfailedtodrawamicroscopeinatest—noneofthemhadeverseenone.Microscopeswereexpensive，andnotallschoolscouldaffordawell﹣equippedlab."Thespiritofexplorationwascriticaltothestudyofscience，"saysPrakash."Butinordertodevelopthatspirit，youneedtherighttools."Determinedtochangethesituation，Prakashspentyearsexperimenting，evenborrowinglensesfromhisbrother'sglasses.In2014，heandhisPh.D.studentfinallydevelopedtheFoldscope，usingpaper﹣foldingtechniquestocreateanalternativetotraditionalmicroscopes.YoungHarirajencounteredtheFoldscopeatEdenSchoolinsouthernIndia，whereithastransformedsciencelessons.Childreneagerlyrushoutdoors，searchingforants，flowers，andleavestoexamine."IjustlovethelookofamazementwhenkidslookintotheFoldscope，"saysIndiraPandiarajan，theschoolprincipal."Whentheireyeslightup，Iknowthat'sthemomenttheywillacceptscienceenthusiasticallyandlearningfortherestoftheirlives."（1）WhydoestheauthormentionHarirajinparagraph1？DA.Tointroducehishobby.B.Todescribehisfamilylife.C.Toexplainmilk'scomponents.D.ToshowFoldscope'spracticaluse.（2）WhatisafeatureoftheFoldscopeaccordingtothetext？AA.Itisuser﹣friendly.B.Itismagnetic﹣resistant.C.Itisintendedforbooklovers.D.Itprovidesstep﹣by﹣stepinstructions.（3）WhatmotivatedManuPrakashtodeveloptheFoldscope？DA.Hispassionforpaper﹣foldingart.B.Auniversityprojectassignedbyhisprofessor.C.ThepopularityofportablesciencetoolsinIndia.D.Thehighcostandlackofmicroscopesinhischildhoodschool.（4）WhichstatementwouldIndiraPandiarajanprobablyagreewith？BA.ScientificspiritunitesresearchersinIndia.B.TheFoldscopefacilitatessciencelearning.C.TheFoldscopeeasesteachingworkload.D.Scientificspiritfuelsheadmasters'enthusiasm.【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第二段Thisincredibledeviceisnoordinarymicroscope.Madefromwaterproof，tear﹣resistantpaper，itcomesinasmallbagwithpartsthatcanbeattachedinminutes.Magnets（磁铁）holdittogether，andatinylens（透镜）allowsittoenlargeobjectsupto140times.Oncebuilt，it'snolargerthanabookmark，smallenoughtoslipintoapocket.Andthebestpart？Itcostsjust＄2toproduce，andmillionsofchildreninlow﹣incomecountriesgetthemforfree.（这个不可思议的装置不是普通的显微镜。它由防水、抗撕裂的纸制成，装在一个小袋子里，里面的零件可以在几分钟内连接起来。磁铁将它固定在一起，一个微小的镜头允许它将物体放大140倍。一旦建成，它不会比书签大，小到可以放进口袋。最棒的是。它的生产成本仅为2美元，低收入国家的数百万儿童可以免费获得。）可知作者提到哈里拉杰是为了展示折叠显微镜的实际用途。故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段Andthebestpart？Itcostsjust＄2toproduce，andmillionsofchildreninlow﹣incomecountriesgetthemforfree.（最棒的是。它的生产成本仅为2美元，低收入国家的数百万儿童可以免费获得。）可知折叠显微镜的一个特点是对用户友好。故选A。（3）推理判断题。根据文章第三段Determinedtochangethesituation，Prakashspentyearsexperimenting，evenborrowinglensesfromhisbrother'sglasses.In2014，heandhisPh.D.studentfinallydevelopedtheFoldscope，usingpaper﹣foldingtechniquestocreateanalternativetotraditionalmicroscopes.（决心改变现状的普拉卡什花了数年时间进行实验，甚至从他哥哥的眼镜上借来镜片。2014年，他和他的博士生终于开发出了Foldscope，利用折纸技术创造了传统显微镜的替代品。）可知促使ManuPrakash开发Foldscope的是在他童年的学校里，昂贵的费用和缺少显微镜。故选D。（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Childreneagerlyrushoutdoors，searchingforants，flowers，andleavestoexamine.（孩子们急切地冲到户外，寻找蚂蚁、鲜花和树叶来检查。）可知折叠显微镜便于科学学习。故选B。3．（10分）Oneofthetopsourcesofaddedsugarinchildren'sdietsinAmericaisintheirbreakfastcereal（麦片）.AstudypublishedintheAmericanJournalofPreventiveMedicineshowsthatadvertisingdrivessalesofhigh﹣sugarcerealswhenit'saimeddirectlyatkidsunder12﹣butnotwhenittargetsadults.Inthestudy，researcherslookedatallcerealspurchasedby77，000U.S.householdsoveranine﹣yearperiod，between2008and2017.TheyalsolookedatNielsenratingsdata，whichcloselymonitoredalltheadsthatpeopleinahouseholdsaw﹣bothchildrenandadults.Whattheyfoundwasastrongrelationshipbetweenhowmuchadvertisingwastargetedtokidsandhowmuchsugarycerealthathouseholdswithchildrenbought.Bycontrast，therewasnolinktoincreasedpurchaseswhenadstargetedadults.Andtheseextensivedataalsoshowedthatbehaviorsthatwerelearnedinchildhoodcouldtrackintoadulthood，whichcouldleadtopoorhealthoutcomesoveralifetime.Thestudyisthefirsttodirectlycomparetheinfluenceoffoodadvertisingexposurebychildrenwiththatofadults.Thefindingsoffernovelevidenceofhowfoodmarketingturnschildrenintothe"ultimateweapon"ininfluencingfamilyspendingbecausetheyconsistentlyasktheirparentstopurchase﹣aconceptknownas"pesterpower".ThefoodindustrylaunchedtheChildren'sFoodandBeverageAdvertisingInitiative，avoluntaryefforttopoliceitself.The21participatingfoodcompaniesmadeacommitmenttocutbackonmarketingunhealthyfoodstochildrenunder12﹣laterrevisedtounder13.Anewstudyconductedin2024showedthatchildren'sexposuretocerealadsonTVprogrammingaimedatkidshasdroppeddramatically.ButLindseySmithTaillie，afo